In 'top', when the server starts, the memory shows...

Mem:   1781972k total,   368760k used,

The 'used' memory slowly climbs till it reaches the 'total'. It is at
this point that the cpu goes to 100% and the instance becomes
unresponsive. S Moser pointed out that this isn't an actual reading of
memory availablity and directed me to 'free'

I used 'free' refreshing at 3 second intervals and on the last record
before it locked up it showed

             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          1740       1465        275          0        369        729
-/+ buffers/cache:        366       1374
Swap:          895          0        895

So there was plenty of 'available' memory at that point.

It seems to me though that while only a small portion of memory is
actually in use the system is unable to allocate the 'used' memory back
when it's needed?

As a test I launched a 64 bit version from ami-a0b993d4 (instance-store,
eu-west-1 official Ubuntu 8.04 LTS Hardy) on an m1.large. Installed the
same packages, attached the EBS volume with the same PHP based website
etc. It has now been up 24hrs without an issue.

Not sure if this contributes anything as it's a different ami (with
presumably different 64 bit versions of the packages) but I think it
eliminates anything in our PHP code

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/745108

Title:
  EC2 instance CPU goes to 100% and locks

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