Colin Watson and my suspicions about search behavior is right:

search does NOT change variable "root" if the device was not found.
But there is a lack of clear wordings of that fact in 
grub> help search
text. 
So,  I changed this bug to  NEW again, hoping documentation strings will get 
clearer....

** Changed in: grub2 (Ubuntu)
       Status: Won't Fix => New

** Description changed:

  Binary package hint: grub2
  
  Such an entry:
  --------------
- menuentry "Ubuntu, mit Linux 2.6.32-17-generic" --class ubuntu --class 
gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {                                          
-         recordfail                                                            
                                                                     
-         insmod ext2                                                           
                                                                     
-         set root='(/dev/sda,3)'                                               
                                                                     
-         search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 
67f844a5-1afd-4265-932f-e57e078c0fdc                                            
                        
-         linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-17-generic root=/dev/sda3 ro   quiet 
noresume splash nvidia.modeset=1                                         
-         initrd  /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-17-generic                            
                                                                     
- }    
+ menuentry "Ubuntu" --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
+         recordfail
+         insmod ext2
+         set root='(/dev/sda,3)'
+         search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 
67f844a5-1afd-4265-932f-e57e078c0fdc
+         linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-17-generic root=/dev/sda3 ro   quiet 
noresume splash nvidia.modeset=1
+         initrd  /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-17-generic
+ }
  ------------
  is unneeded complicated. Ubuntu should deliver this output (of upgrade-grub) 
instead:
  --------------
- menuentry "Ubuntu, mit Linux 2.6.32-17-generic" --class ubuntu --class 
gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {                                          
-         recordfail                                                            
                                                                     
-         insmod ext2                                                           
                                                                     
- #        set root='(/dev/sda,3)'                                              
                                                                      
+ menuentry "Ubuntu" --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
+         recordfail
+         insmod ext2
+ #        set root='(/dev/sda,3)'
  #        we can comment out "set root" as search will take over setting root
-         search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 
67f844a5-1afd-4265-932f-e57e078c0fdc                                            
                        
-         linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-17-generic root=/dev/sda3 ro   quiet 
noresume splash nvidia.modeset=1                                         
-         initrd  /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-17-generic                            
                                                                     
- }    
+         search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 
67f844a5-1afd-4265-932f-e57e078c0fdc
+         linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-17-generic root=/dev/sda3 ro   quiet 
noresume splash nvidia.modeset=1
+         initrd  /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-17-generic
+ }
  ------------
- The only reason to "set root" should be, if command "search" has a feature 
+ The only reason to "set root" should be, if command "search" has a feature
  to NOT manipulate the "root" variable if it fails to find the searched 
partition.

** Description changed:

  Binary package hint: grub2
  
  Such an entry:
  --------------
  menuentry "Ubuntu" --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
          recordfail
          insmod ext2
          set root='(/dev/sda,3)'
          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 
67f844a5-1afd-4265-932f-e57e078c0fdc
-         linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-17-generic root=/dev/sda3 ro   quiet 
noresume splash nvidia.modeset=1
+         linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-17-generic root=/dev/sda3 ro   quiet 
noresume splash
          initrd  /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-17-generic
  }
  ------------
  is unneeded complicated. Ubuntu should deliver this output (of upgrade-grub) 
instead:
  --------------
  menuentry "Ubuntu" --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
          recordfail
          insmod ext2
  #        set root='(/dev/sda,3)'
  #        we can comment out "set root" as search will take over setting root
          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 
67f844a5-1afd-4265-932f-e57e078c0fdc
          linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-17-generic root=/dev/sda3 ro   quiet 
noresume splash nvidia.modeset=1
          initrd  /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-17-generic
  }
  ------------
  The only reason to "set root" should be, if command "search" has a feature
  to NOT manipulate the "root" variable if it fails to find the searched 
partition.

** Description changed:

  Binary package hint: grub2
  
  Such an entry:
  --------------
  menuentry "Ubuntu" --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
          recordfail
          insmod ext2
          set root='(/dev/sda,3)'
          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 
67f844a5-1afd-4265-932f-e57e078c0fdc
          linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-17-generic root=/dev/sda3 ro   quiet 
noresume splash
          initrd  /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-17-generic
  }
  ------------
  is unneeded complicated. Ubuntu should deliver this output (of upgrade-grub) 
instead:
  --------------
  menuentry "Ubuntu" --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
          recordfail
          insmod ext2
  #        set root='(/dev/sda,3)'
  #        we can comment out "set root" as search will take over setting root
          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 
67f844a5-1afd-4265-932f-e57e078c0fdc
-         linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-17-generic root=/dev/sda3 ro   quiet 
noresume splash nvidia.modeset=1
+         linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-17-generic root=/dev/sda3 ro quiet 
noresume splash
          initrd  /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-17-generic
  }
  ------------
  The only reason to "set root" should be, if command "search" has a feature
  to NOT manipulate the "root" variable if it fails to find the searched 
partition.

-- 
comment out _set_root_ in grub.cfg
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/549227
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