After some discussion, it appears that networkd is kinda of making a
boolean (on|off) for IPV6 RA, when it's really a tri-state
(on|off|kernel).

Upstream networkd indicates there is a tri-state; like so:

Enable or disable IPv6 Router Advertisement (RA) reception support for
the interface. Takes a boolean parameter. If true, RAs are accepted; if
false, RAs are ignored, independently of the local forwarding state.
When not set, the kernel default is used, and RAs are accepted only when
local forwarding is disabled for that interface. When RAs are accepted,
they may trigger the start of the DHCPv6 client if the relevant flags
are set in the RA data, or if no routers are found on the link.

While in netplan, we've only a boolean, which could be fine, except
netplan defaults to AcceptRA=True which means we have no way of allowing
the kernel configuration to work.

Netplan needs to know if the yaml includes an accept-ra key, and if so,
uses the value set (off or on); but if the yaml does not specify an
accept-ra key, it should *NOT* render a default value.

This allows hosts to defer the the kernel settings.  This key was
introduced as away to resolve a bug where "unconfigured" interfaces got
an IPV6 address due to kernel setting and an IPV6 router present.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/maas/+bug/1655440

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1732002

Title:
  cloud images in lxc get ipv6 address

Status in nplan package in Ubuntu:
  New
Status in systemd package in Ubuntu:
  New

Bug description:
  I noticed that lxd (lxc list) reports that an lxc container has an
  ipv6 address in artful or bionic.  It does not list this in xenial or
  zesty.  I suspect this change occurred in the switch over to
  netplan/networkd.

  This may at first seem harmless or even desired, but note that the
  user configuration did not request ipv6 config, so its presence is a
  bug.

  $ for rel in xenial zesty artful bionic; do
     lxc launch ubuntu-daily:$rel $rel-demo; done
  Creating xenial-demo
  Starting xenial-demo
  ..
  Creating bionic-demo
  Starting bionic-demo

  
  $ sleep 10
  $ lxc list
  $ lxc list
  
+-------------+---------+----------------------+------------------------------------------------+------------+-----------+
  |    NAME     |  STATE  |         IPV4         |                      IPV6    
                  |    TYPE    | SNAPSHOTS |
  
+-------------+---------+----------------------+------------------------------------------------+------------+-----------+
  | artful-demo | RUNNING | 10.75.205.208 (eth0) | 
fd42:eee5:7c43:3d62:3a42:611c:3f6f:1184 (eth0) | PERSISTENT | 0         |
  
+-------------+---------+----------------------+------------------------------------------------+------------+-----------+
  | bionic-demo | RUNNING | 10.75.205.187 (eth0) | 
fd42:eee5:7c43:3d62:6f4:155b:39cc:fc3d (eth0)  | PERSISTENT | 0         |
  
+-------------+---------+----------------------+------------------------------------------------+------------+-----------+
  | xenial-demo | RUNNING | 10.75.205.143 (eth0) |                              
                  | PERSISTENT | 0         |
  
+-------------+---------+----------------------+------------------------------------------------+------------+-----------+
  | zesty-demo  | RUNNING | 10.75.205.123 (eth0) |                              
                  | PERSISTENT | 0         |
  
+-------------+---------+----------------------+------------------------------------------------+------------+-----------+

  ## Here is the config that was provided by lxd
  $ lxc exec bionic-demo cat /var/lib/cloud/seed/nocloud-net/network-config
  version: 1
  config:
      - type: physical
        name: eth0
        subnets:
            - type: dhcp
              control: auto

  ## Here is the config that cloud-init rendered.
  $ lxc exec bionic-demo -- grep -v '^#' /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml
  network:
      version: 2
      ethernets:
          eth0:
              dhcp4: true

  $ lxc exec bionic-demo cat /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-eth0.network
  [Match]
  Name=eth0

  [Network]
  DHCP=ipv4

  [DHCP]
  UseMTU=true
  RouteMetric=100

  $ lxc exec bionic-demo  -- systemctl status --no-pager --full systemd-networkd
  ● systemd-networkd.service - Network Service
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/systemd-networkd.service; enabled; 
vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Mon 2017-11-13 18:37:34 UTC; 8min ago
       Docs: man:systemd-networkd.service(8)
   Main PID: 118 (systemd-network)
     Status: "Processing requests..."
      Tasks: 1 (limit: 4915)
     Memory: 2.0M
        CPU: 19ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/systemd-networkd.service
             └─118 /lib/systemd/systemd-networkd

  Nov 13 18:37:34 bionic-demo systemd[1]: Starting Network Service...
  Nov 13 18:37:34 bionic-demo systemd-networkd[118]: eth0: Gained IPv6LL
  Nov 13 18:37:34 bionic-demo systemd-networkd[118]: Enumeration completed
  Nov 13 18:37:34 bionic-demo systemd[1]: Started Network Service.
  Nov 13 18:37:37 bionic-demo systemd-networkd[118]: eth0: DHCPv6 address 
fd42:eee5:7c43:3d62:6f4:155b:39cc:fc3d/128 timeout preferred 3600 valid 3600
  Nov 13 18:37:37 bionic-demo systemd-networkd[118]: eth0: DHCPv4 address 
10.75.205.187/24 via 10.75.205.1
  Nov 13 18:37:37 bionic-demo systemd-networkd[118]: Not connected to system 
bus, ignoring transient hostname.
  Nov 13 18:37:39 bionic-demo systemd-networkd[118]: eth0: Configured
  Nov 13 18:38:09 bionic-demo systemd-networkd[118]: Could not set hostname: 
Method call timed out

  ProblemType: Bug
  DistroRelease: Ubuntu 18.04
  Package: nplan 0.30
  ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 4.13.0-16.19-generic 4.13.4
  Uname: Linux 4.13.0-16-generic x86_64
  ApportVersion: 2.20.7-0ubuntu4
  Architecture: amd64
  Date: Mon Nov 13 18:27:53 2017
  ProcEnviron:
   TERM=xterm-256color
   PATH=(custom, no user)
   LANG=C.UTF-8
  SourcePackage: nplan
  UpgradeStatus: No upgrade log present (probably fresh install)

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