> How does the eq make the capsules more(virtually)coincident?

http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/SoundfieldMic/files/Ricardo/

has details.  The phase as well as the amplitude has to be corrected.

> What would the noticable audible negative side effects of an ambisonic 
mic be which was not adjusted with eq to make the capsules more coincident?

The same paper also shows up to 6 dB wonkiness in the frequency response 
and this will be the most obvious effect of not incorporating the EQ.  In 
fact, this is likely to be even greater for a practical mike; up to 10dB on 
the Soundfields.

There's a lot of myth about "coincidence" correction.  But this is 
inextricably linked with the frequency response correction.  The correct EQ 
for one also solves the other.

A less obvious but important effect is the response of simulated mikes will 
vary with pattern and direction.  You get this with all variable pattern 
mikes but the variation is much less with a properly aligned and EQ'd 
tetrahedral mike.  If the soundfield mike is NOT properly aligned & EQ'd, 
the variation will be even greater.

Lastly, some effects of "non-coincidence" will be manifest.  The most 
important of these is that the W omni signal will no longer be more omni 
than a 1/2" B&K measurement omni.  You will see signs of combing.  A big 
advantage of a tetrahedral mike is that the mono signal is excellent and 
'free' from these artifacts.  This is important to broadcasters.

One perceived effect of 'non-coincidence' is that the omni & Blumlein 
fig-8s will no longer capture the reverberant field of a good recording 
venue accurately.  These are the only 2 'stereo' arrangments which can 
theoretically do this.  But only a properly aligned & EQ'd tetrahedral mike 
demonstrates this clearly as it requires flat frequency response in ALL 
directions.

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