Hi,

> As far as I know, also the VSOP87 has a temporal limitation and was
> derived to provide good results for about the years -4000...+8000. But I
> don't know the exact behaviour, i.e. how fast it diverges from nature
> beyond that range. Or can you please define "almost no limit"?

"Almost no limit" in the sense that the accuracy of the trigonometric 
series (which define the elements of the theory) is timeless (e.g. 
truncature at 10.e-15 for the best accuracy). So you can compute the 
position of a planet at any epoch. But if you want to compare that 
position to the actual position of the planet ... it's an issue. From a 
strict scientifical point of view, it is impossible, because we don't 
have direct measurements to compare to the elements of the theory (e.g. 
a direct measure of the Earth-Sun distance doesn't exist). That means 
that the comparaison must be done on derived measurements, which have 
themselves errors.

The VSOP theory can be used on the period -10000 ... +10000 with the 
lowest level of uncertainty one can expect to have. For this time span, 
there's also the numerical solution named INPOP 
(http://www.imcce.fr/inpop/), which is handled by the Calceph library 
(http://www.imcce.fr/inpop/calceph/index.php) (which handle also JPL's 
DExxx solutions), as well JPL's solutions.

Both VSOP and INPOP provide ephemeris of planets with respect to the ICRF.

For ephemeris calculation on a larger period of time (tens of thousand 
to millions of years), it exists dedicated planetary theory such as 
TOP82 (and newest version), usually limited to the motion of the 4 main 
planets (http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1983A%26A...120..197S).

cheers,
jerome

-- 
--- Dr. Jerome Berthier ------------------ Phone: +33 (0)14051 2261 --
     Institut de mecanique celeste            Fax: +33 (0)14633 2834 --
     77 av. Denfert Rochereau        Mailto:[email protected] --
--- 75014 Paris - France --------------------- http://www.imcce.fr/ --


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