On Fri, 28 Jun 2002, Michael C. Berch wrote:

> So I went to install SA 2.31 for my account over there, and thought I 
> had done so, but I didn't realize that you apparently have to be root to 
> install SA.  Is this true?  If so, why?

In general, perl modules try to install themselves with all the other perl
modules, which usually means in a system-wide location.  This is the way
that ExtUtils::MakeMaker (roughly the perl equivalent of GNU autoconf) is
designed to work.

You *can* override this.  `perldoc ExtUtils::MakeMaker` says e.g.:

       PREFIX and LIB attribute

       PREFIX and LIB can be used to set several INSTALL*
       attributes in one go. The quickest way to install a module
       in a non-standard place might be

           perl Makefile.PL LIB=~/lib

       This will install the module's architecture-independent
       files into ~/lib, the architecture-dependent files into
       ~/lib/$archname/auto.

       Another way to specify many INSTALL directories with a
       single parameter is PREFIX.

           perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=~

       This will replace the string specified by $Config{prefix}
       in all $Config{install*} values.

       Note, that in both cases the tilde expansion is done by
       MakeMaker, not by perl by default, nor by make.

If you're installing with CPAN, you have to tell the CPAN shell to pass 
the correct values of LIB, PREFIX, etc. to the build process.  You do
this with the "o conf" command, e.g.:

cpan> o conf makepl_arg PREFIX=/usr/local

There is one additional step need specifically for SpamAssassin:

cpan> o conf make_install_arg LOCAL_RULES_DIR=/usr/local/etc/mail/spamassassin

(Replace /usr/local with the path to your home directory, or whatever.)  
If you're not using CPAN, the latter is equivalent to

 make LOCAL_RULES_DIR=/usr/local/etc/mail/spamassassin install

Otherwise the SA install forces local rules into /etc/mail/spamassassin
regardless of the perl install path.



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