is the
above-used self.getTheta (mostly a matter of style choice here).
Really, I don't think this makes a good poster child for your "attribute
mutators make life more difficult" campaign...;-)
Alex
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could be wrong) that a
Python implementation might be built with complex numbers disabled (just
like, e.g., it might be built with unicode disabled). If that's indeed
the case, I might not want to risk, for the sake of a little
optimization, my 2D geometry framework not working
with immutable
data, unsurprisingly;-). However, what if (e.g.) one anchor point
within the spline is being moved interactively? I have no hard data,
just a suspicion that modifying the spline may be more efficient than
generating and tossing away a lot of immutable splines...
Alex
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ouble digit percentage.
>
> Module importing is already idempotent. If you try to import an
> already-imported module, inline or not, the second (or subsequent)
> imports are no-operations.
Hmmm, yes, but they're rather SLOW no-operations...:
Helen:~ alex$ python -mtimeit -s'im
en if
point held its x/y values as a complex -- just, e.g.,
def setX(self, x):
x.c = complex(x, self.y)
[[or use x.c.imag as the second argument if you prefer, just a style
choice]].
Alex
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Mike Meyer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Alex Martelli) writes:
> > def setRho(self, rho):
> > c = self.fromPolar(rho, self.getTheta())
> > self.x, self.y = c.x, c.y
> > def setTheta(self, theta):
> >
this busywork on all users of the class. If
you further weaken your claim to "it's possible to design so badly that
everybody involved faces more work and difficulties", I'll most
obviously agree -- but such bad designs need not involve any
attribute-setters, nor does including attribute-setters imply or even
suggest that a design is bad in this way!
Alex
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t
changing data (rather than always having to make new objects) sometimes
affords better performance. Still, let's not optimize *prematurely*!-)
Alex
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e users
of your class to access attributes -- you will change an attribute to a
property only in future versions of your class that do need some
meaningful action upon the getting or setting or that attribute.
Alex
--
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he garbage
collection issues) is "in Python, you cannot call arbitrary methods on
None and expect them to be innocuous noops" (like in Java or C++,
calling anything on None, aka a NULL pointer aka null, is a runtime
error in Python too; the language without this restriction in this case
is Objective C!-).
Alex
--
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work just as well as (in a better-designed class) would
a.x = b.x + c.x - d.x
It's just that the former style you force syntactic cruft and overhead
which you may save in the latter. "Exporting a series of operators",
which was an issue in the LOD thread, is not one here: once you have
setter and getter, by whatever syntax, it's not germane.
Alex
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a fractional part that's exactly 0. If
you do want integers as well as floats, you'll have to decide with what
probability an integer must appear instead of a float, and do a second
pass on r3k to enforce this.
Alex
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ike might check for this and
issue a warning if needed... but I do wish we had better ways to prevent
accidental naming conflicts (not that I can easily think of any).
Alex
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e...
if they did, I can assure you that the consequences might be
interesting. (Good think I can and do trust them to say, should such a
situation ever arise, "DUH! -- I just didn't think of it!", and go fix
their code forthwith... just as they've often heard ME say,
apologetically, in the much more frequent situations where my objections
to some design were misconceived... so, my modest management abilities
will not be put to such a difficult test in the foreseeable future;-).
Alex
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m tests,
and customer acceptance tests (not to mention regression tests, once
bugs are caught and fixed;-), just as much as code developed otherwise.
Alex
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al -- you're missing very crucial parts of it.
Alex
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the resulting lack
of polymorphism are part of what keeps me away from O'CAML and makes me
stick to Haskell, I still wanted to make it;-).
Alex
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#x27;s IB is not the
only interface-painter which encodes the UI as a datafile, easily
interpreted at startup by a suitable library for whatever language
you're using to flesh it out -- it's such an obviously RIGHT idea!).
Alex
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ave any ideas?
Use pythonw, rather than python, to run any Python script that needs to
have a GUI.
Alex
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ure of "critical
mass" -- and with django about equal to subway+turbogears, it does not
appear to show any emerging dominance. A significant measure of "buzz"
might be obtained by redoing the same search in, say, two weeks, and
noticing the deltas...
Alex
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y old Python
releases. (sharing binary data across machines is no big deal anyway;
and you can always b64-encode it if you must send it by email...).
Alex
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ly be
the wrong choice for speed if the app was I/O bound (as is likely when
the files get large enough, or get pushed through some narrow bandwidth
bottleneck, e.g. on a network filesystem): using Python and writing
small binary files instead might easily get better optimization with
less effort.
as it is for Mac). If
shelling out 250 pounds (plus VAT) is "much easier" for you than doing a
little compilation, or you can't use the GPL version anyway, etc, etc,
then, maybe.
Me, I'd rather stick to the Mac...!-)
Alex
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e was done), and
judging mostly from
<http://research.microsoft.com/~simonpj/papers/meta-haskell/meta-haskell
.ps> it doesn't seem unfair to call them "convoluted"...
Alex
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<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Alex Martelli wrote:
> > <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >
> > > > those convoluted templates that were added to the language as
> > > > an afterthought.
> > > I don't see this in Haskell.
>
du/tcc/cgi/pre.cgi?file=/u/www/docs/tcc/help/lang/python/mapping/dropdown.py
alex
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Alex Hunsley wrote:
> Can anyone recommend some code for creating drop-down menus in tkinter?
> To be absolutely clear, here's an example of a drop-down:
>
> http://www.google.co.uk/preferences?hl=en
> (see the language selection widget)
>
> I've found the odd bit
he next C++ standard will have "concepts" (in
the generic programming sense of the word) as a first-class construct,
rather than just as an abstraction to help you think of templates, so it
may be that the current distinctions will blur even further...
Alex
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gene tani <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Ben Sizer wrote:
> > Mike Meyer wrote:
> > > [Not sure if this attribution is correct.]
> > > > Alex Martelli wrote:
> > > > Because of course if other languages have 1 or two frameworks, python
> &
are more useful than
ABCs by as much as ABC are more useful than (simply "syntactical")
interfaces -- coupled with adaptation mechanisms, the overall result can
be extremely handy (as any Haskell programmer might confirm).
Alex
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ing frameworks and partial implementations? It's
> not very clear for what reasons he likes interfaces.
Just read his blog on artima -- and maybe, if something there is unclear
to you, comment about it to see if you can get him interested in
explaining better.
Alex
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there; to evaluate properly 50 frameworks for Java or 20 for Python
would have taken weeks or months...
Alex
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a fairy godmother, you're out of luck.
To put it another way: one reason I love Python is that I strongly
subscribe to the idea that there should preferably be only one obvious
way to do something. Unfortunately, this principle is very badly broken
by the multiplicity of Python web framew
Paul Rubin <http://[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Alex Martelli) writes:
> > To put it another way: one reason I love Python is that I strongly
> > subscribe to the idea that there should preferably be only one obvious
> > way to do something. Unfor
James Stroud wrote:
> Alex Hunsley wrote:
>
>> Can anyone recommend some code for creating drop-down menus in tkinter?
>> To be absolutely clear, here's an example of a drop-down:
>>
>> http://www.google.co.uk/preferences?hl=en
>> (see the language selec
re, if this was in a typeclass with the appropriate
additions of self., I'd mark f as dependent on g only. No real purpose
is served by allowing dependencies to be specified in a "cloaked" form,
anyway -- nor in going out of one's way to impede vigorous attempts by a
programmer t
ense.
Java's behavior is identical, excepting only Java's "primitives" (e.g.
floats), but definitely identical e.g. for strings (also immutable) and
class instances (normally mutable).
Alex
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else:
yield ''.join(cache) + item
cache = []
if cache:
raise ValueError("extra continuations at end of sequence")
[[or whatever you wish to do instead of raising if the input sequence
anomalously ends with a ``to be continued'' line]].
Alex
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t; [3, 1, 2]
> >>>
A better way to exploit exactly the same idea is to use:
new_list.sort(key=orig_list.index)
Alex
--
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en when it requires the overhead of a
"database independence layer". But being able to rely on a relational
underlying model remains an excellent idea in many cases, even when
minute details of SQL dialects &c require such a layer...
Alex
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excellent gmail (with a dot and a com)
is a much better way to reach me, whether for gmpy or any other issue...
thanks!
Alex
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gsteff <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> The indentation-based syntax seems to be unique
No, you can find it in Haskell too (independently developed), and older
languages such as Occam.
Alex
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te length" so you won't know apriori where
> the end is. But how would you be using count in a way that *couldn't*
> use a step argument?
I think it's a reasonable extra-feature request for Python 2.5 -- you
should post it as such to sourceforge.
Alex
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o way. If you're not hung
up on syntax, e.g.
def elemadd(t1, t2):
return tuple(i1+i2 for i1, i2 in zip(t1, t2))
or any of several other ways.
Alex
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On 21 Dec 2005, at 09:33, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Is it possible to use python to unit test C++ code? If yes, is there
> any example available?
>
> Thank you.
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
You could use Python to unittest a Python module written in C++ I
sup
... do something with x ...
this way, you avoid accidentally masking an unexpected ValueError in the
"do something with x" code.
Keeping your try-clauses as small as possible (as well as your
except-conditions as specific as possible) is important, to avoid
masking bugs an
eady use proprietary scripting languages for the
silliest reasons -- giving them another reason would be a disaster).
At the same time Python also thrives in open-source apps such as OO.o,
just about all Linux distros, and so on, and so forth.
Alex
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upgrading from Python 2.2 ;-)
We currently use multiple versions of Python, and I personally don't see
that changing overnight. But, we'll see.
Alex
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le, nor the other organization above mentioned, have ever been
"single-programming-language" cultures [net of the very early times when
Basic was MS's only product, of course;-)]...).
Alex
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n" which I thought was
worth answering, since you chose to phrase it so very generally, and
since it appeared to be intended as a "rhetorical question" hinting at
what I consider a wrong idea in the general case. Far from "there not
being much you can do", if you're
ess, and allow you
to use such powerful features as 'property' to full effect.
Old-style classes exist only for backwards compatibility. The only good
reason to decide to make a class old-style is when you're making an
*exception* class, specifically: up to Python 2.4, excepti
ould be, and therefore imply that you can't really think that
(and must have ulterior motives for so suggesting, etc etc). Rhetorical
questions are a perfectly legitimate style of writing (although, like
all stylistic embellishments, they can be overused, and can be made much
less effective if murkily or fuzzily phrased), of course.
Alex
--
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gitimate style of writing
although they can be overused, or weakened if they're fuzzy or badly
expressed. More specifically, a rhetorical question may often be used
"for effect" and emphasis, as several of the definitions you'll find on
the web mention.
Alex
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ust takes as "improvement" any change that does enhance existing users'
productivity (indeed, changes that do so without requiring any training
or much work, such as compiling an unchanged language to faster code,
might have more immediate impact than new language features, which would
only enter into use slowly and gradually).
Alex
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) and Anaconda (OS
> installer) are written in Python, too.
BTW, Chip Turner (from RedHat, and deeply involved in those
developments) happened to start at Google the same day I did;-).
Alex
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Nicola Musatti <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Alex Martelli wrote:
> > Renato <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >
> > > all of the native administration tools of RedHat (all versions) and
> > > Fedora Core are written in python (system-config-* and/or
>
Bengt Richter <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Thu, 22 Dec 2005 09:07:26 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Alex Martelli)
> wrote:
>
> >Renato <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >
> >> all of the native administration tools of RedHat (all versions) and
> >&g
r prefer Perl to
Python) to Ruby fans, from the C++ intelligentsia to the Java
in-crowd... hard to explain, for sure, but, there you are!
Alex
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ive what, if any at
> all, impact this will have on Python?
I'll leave this to Guido to answer, if he wants to.
> Maybe here? http://www.artima.com/weblogs/index.jsp?blogger=guido Is
> this Guido's official blog?
I believe so, yes.
Alex
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enhanced that into the 2nd edition of the printed (O'Reilly)
Python Cookbook, too.
Alex
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t; > in that direction).
>
> I was only half joking, actually. Compare Python to Delphi. If a
> company wanted to acquire control over Delphi, they'd try and buy
> Borland; to acquire control over Python what are they to do? Well,
> hiring Guido and Alex is probably a step in th
dited), you may end up
requiring the user to press enter at your prompt to indicate he or she's
done editing, or some such semi-kludge. I cannot think of a
sufficiently general solution, given the variety of editors around, to
just magically divine the crucial "done with editing" condition...
Alex
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Dan Stromberg <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
...
> I'm wanting to sort a large number of files, like a bunch of output files
> from a large series of rsh or ssh outputs on a large series of distinct
> machines, a music collection in .ogg format (strictly redistributable and
> legally purchased music
some work for the
purpose. Coding the preprocessor is the easy part -- the work is mostly
in doing the PEP, including a variety of strong use cases for a general
purpose preprocessor. (Of course, forking Python to hardcode your
preprocessor is easier, but forking always has other problems).
Alex
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x27;s also Ruby, but then
we know Ruby did get some ideas from Python (and the letter 'y' is one
of them).
Alex
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Mike Meyer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Steve Holden <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> > Alex Martelli wrote:
> >> Not a bad point at all, although perhaps not entirely congruent to
> >> open
> >> source: hiring key developers has always been a possibil
ugh managing software projects is a huge
challenge, yet I would place the #1 cause of failure at *bad specs*...
doing SW that doesn't really meet the target audience's needs, no matter
how well it might be executed...
Alex
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Roy Smith <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Alex Martelli) wrote:
>
> > gsteff <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >...
> > > that's not really what I'm looking for. So I'm wondering,
to Python (they have something called "the
offside rule" which is at least as subtle as the one in soccer;-) but
practical effects that are quite close.
Alex
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hat potential duplication.
In this case, the tricks I already (though dubiously;-) suggested in
order to avoid any avoidable comparisons might pay for themselves and
then some, if comparisons are indeed extremely costly.
Alex
--
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ore than one empty-set, but I'm pretty sure that's because I
never really dwelled into the intricacies of modern theories such as
modal logic (I would expect modal logic, and intensional logic more
generally, would please Dodgson far better than extensional logic...
but, as I said, I don't
lot of attention
to small details get attracted to programming (and, more generally,
engineering and even science), in preference to other careers...
Alex
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Is anyone aware of any applications that handle font and graphics
display--- something like Adobe Reader--- that are written in Python,
and the code is available for examination? It doesn't matter what GUI
toolkit is used.
Thanks,
Alex
--
ChapterZero: http://tangentspace.net/cz/
--
counted if they are not
>needed as part of the code
I would suggest that all whitespace (except within string literals)
should be ignored, as well.
Alex
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, since
submitting at 14:00 UTC is WAY easier for Europe residents (residents of
the Americas would have to go to bed VERY late, get up VERY early, or
spend extra effort setting up cron jobs), and that would bias everything
in a most unfair manner.
Alex
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I don't think
having the prize is really that important -- one does it for fun and
kudos (a nicely designed, color-printed certificate of victory, suitable
for framing and displaying prominently, would be better, if there are
funds to make it, than a keyboard which one might not use...;-).
Alex
--
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the
"first tied winner to submit" (since I'm not particularly keen to get
the keyboard, just the fun and kudos of claiming I'm the/a winner, in
the unlikely event my submission should be among the shortest;-).
Alex
--
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rface of the function, so
> > it's a little bogus, but test.py doesn't check. (Personally I prefer
> > that if be illegal, but if it's legal I'll have to do it).
>
> isn't the word 'input' a special word anyway???
No, just the name of a builtin -- no problem overriding it.
Alex
--
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he hypergeometric using the factorials too, so the problem subsist. Is
> there any other libray or an algorithm to calculate
> the hypergeometric distribution? The statistical package R can handle
> such calculations but I don't want to use python R binding since I wan
-- you just need to have
an explicit 'delimiter' (the comma is just the default value for this);
indeed, class csv.excel_tab has an explicit delimiter set to '\t'.
Alex
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Steven D'Aprano <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Tue, 27 Dec 2005 19:24:57 -0800, Alex Martelli wrote:
>
> > Steven D'Aprano <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >
> >> Why are you calling it a Comma Separated Values file when there are no
> >>
Grail: I'm sure as a browser it has to
address these problems. But I'm open to further suggestions.
Thanks,
Alex
On 12/26/05, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Alex Gittens <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > Is anyone aware of any applications that handle fo
pen(
"http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/img/komodo_aspn_other.gif";)
> >>> #was looking through cookbook, so i used that as a sample image
> >>> data = data.read()
> >>> file = open("f:/test.gif", "w")
Since you appear to want to wri
mailing list may be more appropriate for this discussion,
btw, since it IS about the development of Python).
Alex
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some input from me and others),
and he says it's to avoid (human) ambiguity, much like the reason the
parentheses are mandatory in [(a,b) for ...].
Alex
--
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umstances. Similarly, Apple's
WebObjects have also been widely praised, but they would shackle you to
Apple systems (language choice directly supported by Apple for
WebObjects is Objective C, Java, and WebScript, a proprietary
very-high-level language; but I believe that thanks to
ll, they ARE all rather public
figures... TIA!
Alex
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Dattebayo.jpg
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en-handed, judgments (apparently, by considering
"a mere syntax sugar issue" the fact that in Python you code, e.g., "if
a>b: c=d", while in Ruby you may code the other way 'round, "c=d if
a>b", I must have insulted some gods at whose altar such fanatics
worship...); if you choose to listen to such fanatics, you should then
definitely get a second opinion rather than trust my own assessment of
these issues.
Alex
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n you cannot set arbitrary attributes on
arbitrary objects. The workaround is to use a dict, indexed by the id
of the object you want to "set arbitrary attributes on"; this has the
helpful consequence that separate namespaces are used, so your arbitrary
setting of metadata cannot interfere with the `true' attributes of the
object in question.
I'm unable to understand what you're trying to do in the "extend talker
code" box following that one.
Alex
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"
pickle.py implements just the same job, in pure Python, and it's easily
found within your Python's standard library, so you may want to study it
to see how it does perform its task.
Alex
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bject in question.
>
> => possible workaround: use dict.
>
> > I'm unable to understand what you're trying to do in the "extend talker
> > code" box following that one.
>
> Someone has posted this code, to solve "Applying metadata (or
> attributes, as you prefere) to Class, Object, ...".
>
> I understand that the poster has send code which does not work.
You mean something like...:
Talker.meta = "Class meta information"
john.meta = "Instance meta information"
Talker.sayHello.meta = 'method meta information"
You can't do that on an integer, because an integer is immutable; you
can't do it on 'Talker.name', because there IS no such thing as
'Talker.name' (if that's a limitation, it's also a limitation that you
can't do it on 'rumpelstiltskin.meta' either, and the reason is just the
same: there IS no such thing as rumpelstiltskin in this code).
There's no need to define this 'meta' attribute anywhere, it just
springs into existence when you assign to it.
Once you've set these, you can "print Talker.meta" etc etc.
> If you (or any reader) like, please provide the concrete code to solve
> the open limitations (the simple ones, like e.g. get/set).
Hope I've done that in the few cases where I understood what your
intentions were, but there must be more in which I didn't, such as the
strange "without code" specification.
> Thank you for taking the time to answer.
You're welcome.
Alex
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icular standard of ability is used
as the basis by which political leadership is determined or accrues to
an existing elite.
"""
Note the connection with "elite", which in turn gives us "elitism". I
do like "meritocracy" because it specifically mentions *ability*, but of
course ability (including technical skill, which in turn is enhanced by
appropriate experience, AND 'softer' character/personality issues) is
what a successful firm bases its "elite" on (or tries to; if it fails,
and hires people bereft of sufficient ability, it won't prosper long).
Alex
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Peter Hansen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Alex Martelli wrote:
> > One great programming principle is "Dont' Repeat Yourself": when you're
> > having to express the same thing over and over, there IS something
> > wrong. I believe the &
ing something like
True = 1
False = 0
at the very start. In Python 3.0, when backwards compatibilities can be
introduced, True and False will become keywords (as will None); see
<http://www.python.org/peps/pep-3000.html>.
Alex
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With
> one simple, obvious, general interface, these special cases only add
> unneeded complexity.
first and last make sense (though it's debatable whether they should
exist or not, it's not obvious that they're design errors, not at all);
second, penultimate, and other variations, would be gilding the lily.
Just like startswith and endswith may (debatably) make sense, but, say,
hasrightinthemiddle would be surely inappropriate;-)
Alex
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doing the
same convincing on enthusiasts of languages whose cultural values
include enthusiastic, exhuberant acceptance of individual variation.
But I do not think that such "cultural and philosophical differences" as
they apply to a whole community are more than a secondary factor in
d
s" for which Python
offers more readable synonyms may require (or at least be best expressed
with) some len(...) call is hardly a big sub-issue -- some do, like e.g.
L[len(L):]=... as the equivalent of L.extend(...), some don't, like e.g.
del L[a:b] as the equivalent of L[a:b]=[], and yet the "alternative
readable synonym" gets offered anyway.
Alex
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erfectly sufficient, but I hope this suffices to show what we mean...
Alex
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terpreter?
There are ways to package up your Python code with the needed runtime,
such as freeze for Unix, py2app for the Mac, py2exe for Windows, and
many more besides.
Alex
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