on paper, ... If the former, how do you
> access/import them from the various applications/systems?
> (Python's import rules and restrictions, change control/version
> control)
I have a lib directory in my PYTHONPATH to dump 'em.
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hat
> logfile.write()
>
> This becomes more ugly if multiple withs get nested.
You don't have to nest them. Check out contextlib.ExitStack.
ExitStack is designed to handle situations where you don't always
want to enter some context, or you are entering a large number of
them.
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' ') in text:
> space=\n
>
> rightText = text-space
>
> print(rightText)
Your code resembles Python code, but it isn't close enough for me
to offer reasonable help.
You should figure out how to solve your problem *before* you
start to write code. A paper an
On 2019-01-15, Juris __ wrote:
> Hi!
>
> On 15/01/2019 17:04, Neil Cerutti wrote:
>> On 2019-01-11, shibashib...@gmail.com wrote:
>>> Hello
>>>>
>>>> I'm very new in python. I have a file in the format:
>>>>
>>>>
i = 0
for width in (30, 8, 7, 5): # approximations
item = line[i:i+width]
record.append(item)
i += width
records.append(record)
This leaves them all strings, which in my experience is more
convenient in practice. You can convert as you go if you
want,though it won't look nice and simple any longer.
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#x27;all' will return True anyway.
Neat! I expected that a[0] would be executed in that case,
but it is not.
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On 2018-10-12, Peter J. Holzer wrote:
> Neil Cerutti said:
>> I imagine that if I stuck with Go long enough I'd develop a
>> new coding style that didn't inolve creating useful data
>> types.
>
> I haven't used Go for any real project yet (that may change
on code,
but it still works and I can still maintain it with little
trouble.
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On 2018-10-10, Paul Rubin wrote:
> Neil Cerutti writes:
>> As Stephen said, it's sort of silly not to be aware of those
>> issues going in.
>
> If you're saying ESR messed up by using Python in the first
> place for that program, that's not a great advert f
;t agree with, but I think
> it is worth reading. It is around 300 lines, followed by
> several pages of reader comments.
>
> http://esr.ibiblio.org/?p=8161
Thanks for sharing it.
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roll in result):
> # - THIS LINE IS WHERE I NEED HELP # ( if 2, 3, 4, 6 in list: )
> print("you can roll again")
> else:
> print("you have all 1's and 5's in your result")
Ha! Didn't think I'd get to apply DeMorgan's Law so soon.
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functional languages to introduce new
names for things. You'd consider it wherever you'd consider
assigning something to a new name in Python. In this case, it was
probably just to avoid writing out that square root calculation
twice. Though you could use lambda calculus directly instead,
h unfortunately it doesn't help
when an error occurs, requiring you to put it in a finally block
to ensure it happens.
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g like this is possible. "x", "y" and "result" can be
unecessary.
for ply in range(5):
for com in range(5):
print(ply, com, end='')
if ply == com:
print(" Tie")
else:
print()
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isplay and
PatternFov? In other words, since you're already using the giant,
Swiss Army sledgehammer of the re module, go ahead and use enough
features to cover your use case.
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d look-ahead or similar inspection of more than the
current item. An alternative is a custom generator or iterator
that provides the window you need.
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they can be
sorted. Are you converting to set and then calling difference?
It may still be more efficient than writing your own loop to take
advantage of the sorted status of the original objects.
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t;on high", we are simply required to
> follow them.
>
> IOWs, "Do as they _say_, not as logic dictates"
The Introduction to Computer Science class I'm taking divided
program design into two categories: Top Down Design, and Object
Oriented Design. It's good, be
mendation, but in 10+ years of using
> the csv module, I've not found any issues in using text/ascii mode
> that were solved by switching to using binary mode.
Binary mode was recommended for Python 2, but not 3, where you
open in text mode but use newline=''.
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import numpy as np
>
> X=np.arange(1, 1, 1) #root variable
np.arange creates an object. The assignment makes X refer to that
object.
> x1=X
X refers to the previous object, and then the assignment makes x1
refer to that same object.
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On 2017-12-11, Neil Cerutti wrote:
> On 2017-12-05, Steve D'Aprano wrote:
>> On Wed, 6 Dec 2017 04:20 am, Jason wrote:
>>> while iterating over two files, which are line-by-line
>>> corresponding. The DictReader skipped ahead many lines
>>> breaking
mber of fields is broken
in the data. In my opinion, it should do a thing that makes it
the simplest to handle the situation for the programmer. This is
in fact usually what happens. When there are more records than
define in the header, you can choose what happens by setting
extrasaction. When some records are missing--it sets them to
None. Except, when all the records are missing, it silently hides
the error with no ability provided to recover it.
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ce 'in' would
>> still be true no matter where the desired string is placed. It would be
>> useful to see some sample data of the old data, and the new data
>
> There is now also a line that starts with:
> PCH_CPU_TEMP:
>
> And I do not want that one.
You'll probably want to include the ':' in the startswith check, in case
someday they also add CPU_TEMP_SOMETHING:.
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anyone agree, or am I crazy?
I've used csv.DictReader for years and never come across this
oddity. Very interesting!
I am with you. Silently discarding blank records hides
information--the current design is unusable if blank records are
of interest. Moreover, what's wrong with a dict ful
ce 'in' would
>> still be true no matter where the desired string is placed. It would be
>> useful to see some sample data of the old data, and the new data
>
> There is now also a line that starts with:
> PCH_CPU_TEMP:
>
> And I do not want that one.
You'll probably want to include the ':' in the startswith check,
in case someday they also add CPU_TEMP_SOMETHING:.
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o much better!
You can import wherever you like--only good style requires you to
put them at the top of your file.
Moreover, snippets could be a library, with each snippet a
function, with the import inside the function. That would keep
the module name out of your global namespace.
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On 2017-10-31, Stefan Ram wrote:
> Neil Cerutti writes:
>>You can use the % operator instead of +, and a generator
>>expression instead of map. It's a pretty small improvement,
>>though.
>
> "Improvement" in what sense?
>
> C:\>python -m time
of the list
> using '+' operator any other solution, this is not looking
> neater
>
> I am a Linux user using python 2.7
You can use the % operator instead of +, and a generator
expression instead of map. It's a pretty small improvement,
though.
values = '||%s||'
as well.
>>
>> http://inform-fiction.org/zmachine/standards/z1point0/sect03.html
>
> not sure how 16 characters can be represented by either ascii
> or zscii in only 8 bytes
Oops! I hastily counted completely wrong. It's 10 bytes in ZSCII
version 2, using a shift-lock.
>> an inefficient coding
>
> I suspect he is using ASCII and storing one value in each byte.
There's also ZSCII, which stores roughly 3 characters every 2
bytes. Since all the digits are in A2, this sequence would take
up 7 bytes in ZSCII as well.
http://inform-fiction.org/zmachine/standards/z1point0/sect03.html
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On 2017-10-13, Steve D'Aprano wrote:
> On Fri, 13 Oct 2017 11:54 pm, Gregory Ewing wrote:
>
>> Neil Cerutti wrote:
>>> I can tell at a glance if a parameter is expected to be
>>> modifiable just by looking at the function signature.
>>
>> The que
to a function
>> having prototype void f(char *s);
>
> That *ought* to be prevented. That's the whole point.
I'm far less experienced in C, but I threw up my hands and
stopped bothering with const qualifiers in C due to such
headaches. When in Rome, program without const qualifiers in C.
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On 2017-10-11, Gregory Ewing wrote:
> Neil Cerutti wrote:
>> I dig const qualifiers, even though I'm comletely fine with
>> their absence from Python.
>
> Out of curiosity, do you have any insights into why you like
> them in C++, if you don't miss them in Py
+ is easy to overcomplicate with the multiple
inheritance feature. Alternatives are almost always preferable.
Some people also appreciate C++'s improvements upon C's type
sytem enough to compile all their C programs with C++. I dig
const qualifiers, even though I'm comletely fine wit
thinking about and
asking questions about Python has been of great interest to me,
and provided entertainment and enlightenment.
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job using a pivot table in Excel.
Office manager, learn thy Excel!
On the other hand, I think Python's csv module is a killer app,
so I do recommend taking the opportunity to learn csv.DictReader
and csv.DictWriter for your own enjoyment.
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insist they understand the iterator protocol and exception
handling first they're bound to think iteration is a hovercraft
full of eels.
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of them are good at explaining what they
know in a comprehensible and entertaining way. I believe you will
benefit from and even enjoy some of the literature. Here's a
recent favorite: "The Pragmatic Programmer", Andrew Hunt and
David Thomas. ISBN-13: 978-0201616224
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o configure your
email server--it isn't that he or she *can't* do it...
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east on one
side of the pipeline. Some experience in the industry you want to
script for will really be required, even in such simple cases.
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ython's argument
passing for non-Python programmers strikes me as a sincere effort
to to simplify something that just isn't simple. If calling it,
"pass by assignment," is admitting defeat, then so be it.
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33) / 2
You could also calculate it with a combination of sum and range
builtins, as others have hinted, and if it's homework that's
probably a good idea.
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s separate
API's that allow you to regard those bytes as either plain old
bytes, or as a sequence of runes (not-necessarily normalized
codepoints). If your bytes strings aren't in UTF-8, then Go Away.
https://blog.golang.org/strings
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ect that has the methods that should only be
> called for active connections. That way it's not possible to do
> things out of sequence.
It's like a bidirectional iterator in C++, except in reverse it's
random access. An iterator that can't easily be modeled with a
generato
nd illuminate dark corners
of both my own skill and Python's features.
An Excel spreadsheet that represents a table of data is fairly
simple to map onto a Python dict. One nearly codeless way is to
export it from Excel as a csv file and then read it with
csv.DictReader.
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this point, after only one bad experience trying to
work around my choice of container.
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at the
> module, connection and cursor levels.
You get autocommit with sqlite3 by setting isolation_level=None
on the connection object.
https://docs.python.org/2/library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3-controlling-transactions
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On 2017-06-02, Dennis Lee Bieber wrote:
>
> A bit of a long free-association rambling...
>
> On Fri, 2 Jun 2017 12:07:45 + (UTC), Neil Cerutti
> declaimed the following:
>>You're probably not expected to interleave transaction control
>>commands from
ands from different levels of abstraction, e.g., only call
'commit' directly if you called 'begin' directly.
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that
concentrates on functional programming with immutable state if
you haven't done it before. The book that worked for me was
Simply Scheme https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bh/ss-toc2.html,
but that's sorta ancient history now and I'm sure there's lots
more options out there.
--
On 2017-04-03, Jay Braun wrote:
> I hear people say it like the plural of "panda", and others as
> "panduss". Is there a correct way?
I think it is pronounced like the regular word. The second a is
schwa in both the singular and plural.
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https
mn-names portion of an INSERT statement.
quoted_val, = c.execute("SELECT quote(?);", (val,)).fetchone()
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>> used.
>
> I use it a lot ;-)
Me too. I wrote a script once to convert all my .cfg files to
JSON at one point while trying out a switch from Python to Go,
but never made the changeover.
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ry less manageable that the ones I
> used in Python ...
C could provide more friendly general purpose containers in its
library, but doesn't. There are some good free ones: glib, for
example.
Cython provides a really nice in-between level.
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mbined with duck typing and simple distribution
of applications is a draw. Go's tools are pretty awesome, and are
scheduled for improvements.
If you can get by with its built in types (or simple aggregates
of them) it feels quite expressive.
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gt; NameError: global name 'x' is not defined.
>
> In the snippet, x is neither local to __init__() nor global to
> the module. It is in the class scope. You can refer to it in
> one of two ways:
>
>Test.x
>
> or:
>
>self.x
The latter will work only to
let you, gulp, add more.
Well, that or lisp's designers severely underestimated how much
we like to use our programming languages as non-RPN calculators.
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riables in the local symbol table of
the called function.
Am I oversimplifying?
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enough features to
bother with its implemention.
Check out Go's switch statement for an example of what it might
look like in Python. Except you'd get it without labeled break or
the fallthrough statement. Would you still want to use it?
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a followup to
that mind-bending experience.
http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bh/ss-toc2.html
I wouldn't recommend trying to learn anything at the same time as
learning Haskell. ;)
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<' and key[-1] == '>'"
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "P:\Python34\lib\timeit.py", line 292, in main
> x = t.timeit(number)
> File "P:\Python34\lib\timeit.py", line 178, in timeit
> timing = self.inner(it, self.timer)
> File "", line 6, in inner
> key[0] == '<' and key[-1] == '>'
> IndexError: string index out of range
The corrected version
key and key[0] == '<' and key[-1] == '>'
probably still wins the Pretty Unimportant Olympics.
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ll catch that with your unit tests ;)
It's easy to forget exactly why startswith and endswith even exist.
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the fastest after all?
I think the following would occur to someone first:
if key[0] == '<' and key[-1] == '>':
...
It is wrong to avoid the obvious. Needlessly ornate or clever
code will only irritate the person who has to read it later; most
likely yourself.
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.
There will be an exception only if it is zero-length. But good
point! That's a pretty sneaky way to avoid checking for a
zero-length string. Is it a popular idiom?
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ust the beginning, but it's a pretty good place.
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DOS, Windows, and Linux
> computers for years:
>
> disable the caps-lock key
I really liked rebinding it to Left-CTRL. I only stopped doing
that because it screwed up my work flow when not at a keyboard I
could remap.
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is few controversial opinions
brought into other topics. Tim's post was responding to a
specific, well-presented criticism of Python's string
implementation. Left unchallenged, it might linger unhappily in
the air, like a symphony ended on a dominant 7th chord.
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On 2014-02-06, Tim Chase wrote:
> On 2014-02-06 17:40, Mark Lawrence wrote:
>> On 06/02/2014 14:02, Neil Cerutti wrote:
>> >
>> > You must open the file in binary mode, as that is what the csv
>> > module expects in Python 2.7. newline handling can be enscrewe
in Python 2.7. newline handling can be enscrewed
if you forget.
file = open('raw.csv', 'b')
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answer to test your program's answer with.
2. A general idea of how to solve the problem.
It's often a mistake to start writing code. Eventually you'll be
able to go directly from problem to code more often, but it will
take practice.
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case was wanting to print a timedelta without
> the fractions of seconds. The most straight-forward is:
>
> print td.replace(microseconds=0)
That would be nice.
In the meantime, this works for your use case:
td -= td % timedelta(seconds=1)
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ely, just like the responsible adults that we are. Isn't
that right, Mr... Poopy-Pants?
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maybe I'm just naive.
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On 2014-01-22, wxjmfa...@gmail.com wrote:
> In fact, Python just becomes the last tool I (would)
> recommend, especially for non-ascii users.
Have a care, jmf. People unfamiliar with your opinions might take
that seriously.
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m, how
> can judge the OP's reaction to it?
Obvious copying of another person's program, nearly verbatim, is
most likely to be detected. Well, that and submitting one of the
entrapment-purposed answers that are sometimes made availalbe
here and elsewhere.
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On 2014-01-20, Devin Jeanpierre wrote:
> On Mon, Jan 20, 2014 at 8:16 AM, Mark Lawrence
> wrote:
>> On 20/01/2014 16:04, Neil Cerutti wrote:
>>> I use regular expressions regularly, for example, when
>>> editing text with gvim. But when I want to use them in Python
ssions regularly, for example, when editing
text with gvim. But when I want to use them in Python I have to
contend with the re module. I've never become comfortable with
it.
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e a convenient place to
hang the functions.
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n(path, '*')):
if os.path.isdir(fname):
self.descend(fname)
else:
self.process(fname)
def process(self, path):
# Do what I want done with an actual file path.
# This is where I add to the data.
In your case you m
rain-damage, writing C
code is no problem; in fact, it feels darn good.
And another thing: How many other languages have their very own
calling convention?
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wo ints being what Py3 does). Why
> adorn pointer usage?
Indeed. Golang allows . to do member lookup for both structs and
pointers to structs.
The -> syntax perhaps was needful in the days before function
prototypes.
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written in C.
I can't think of a reference, but I to recall that
bugs-per-line-of-code is nearly constant; it is not language
dependent. So, unscientifically, the more work you can get done
in a line of code, then the fewer bugs you'll have per amount of
work done.
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on makes it very easy to manipulate such a structure. It
isn't clear that you need more than that yet.
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make them use rocks to bang nails
>>in, because it will make them better carpenters in the long
>>run.
>
> NAILS
>
> Nails were verboten in my high school wood working class...
>
> We used dowels and glue; chisels to carve dove-tails; etc.
...
h a fish. A
new Python programmer can generally just get her code working in
a fairly comfortable way, then possibly rewrite it once her first
few programs become horrifying years later.
I haven't found time to rewrite all of mine yet. I still have a
program I use almost every day with an
ization of the style I think your
describing that I can see is it quickly returns zero when modulus
is one.
I'm not a skilled or experienced CPython source reader, though.
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On 2013-12-04, Piotr Dobrogost
wrote:
> On Wednesday, December 4, 2013 10:41:49 PM UTC+1, Neil Cerutti
> wrote:
>> not something to do commonly. Your proposed syntax leaves the
>> distinction between valid and invalid identifiers a problem
>> the programmer has to dea
ntifiers as attributes is generally a bad idea,
not something to do commonly. Your proposed syntax leaves the
distinction between valid and invalid identifiers a problem the
programmer has to deal with. It doesn't unify access to
attributes the way the getattr and setattr do.
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On 2013-12-04, wxjmfa...@gmail.com wrote:
> Yon intuitively pointed a very important feature of "unicode".
> However, it is not necessary, this is exactly what unicode does
> (when used properly).
Unicode only provides character sets. It's not a natural language
par
cost of switching isn't zero, but it's much easier than
emmigrating from a police state.
Moreover, I'll always feel that I deserve more than I actually
do deserve.
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On 2013-12-03, geezl...@gmail.com wrote:
>> x = input()
Your first problem is that input() returns text only up the a
newline, and then stops.
So you are reading the initial number line, but never reading the
rest of the lines.
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> else:
> SystemExit
>
> The input and output is as wanted, but my answer keep rejected,
> here is my source code http://txt.do/1smv
No, your program outputs nothing. That's bound to fail. ;)
How is your program supposed to work, in your own words?
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point sequence into one, and
normalizing can lose or mangle information. There are good
examples here: http://unicode.org/reports/tr15/
> Thanks for this excellent post.
Agreed.
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On 2013-12-02, Roy Smith wrote:
> In article ,
> Neil Cerutti wrote:
>
>> On 2013-11-28, Roy Smith wrote:
>> > In article ,
>> > Alister wrote:
>> >> Perhaps the best option is for everybody to bombard Google
>> >> with bug repor
lar, into a low opinion of Google.
The crappy usenet portal is poor marketing.
I wish they'd never bought dejanews.
--
Neil Cerutti
--
https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
e them.
with contextlib.ExitStack() as stack:
input = stack.enter_context(open(self.full_path, 'r'))
writer = csv.writer(stack.enter_context(open(self.output_csv)))
When working with a csv file I like how it removes the output
temporary file object variable, though if you needed
nations(s, i+1):
print(comb)
Output:
('L',)
('E',)
('Q',)
('N',)
('L', 'E')
('L', 'Q')
('L', 'N')
('E', 'Q')
('E', 'N')
('Q', 'N')
('L', 'E', 'Q')
('L', 'E', 'N')
('L', 'Q', 'N')
('E', 'Q', 'N')
('L', 'E', 'Q', 'N')
For some reason I've got more 2-character combinations than you,
though.
--
Neil Cerutti
--
https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ef process(self, name):
print("Node {} Nest {}".format(name, '/'.join(self.names)))
# Do your stuff.
def endElement(self, name):
self.names.pop()
print(sys.version_info)
handler = NodeHandler()
parser = sax.parse(io.StringIO(the_xml), handler)
Output:
sys.version_info
ies of British children's literature, The Wombles,
and a British TV show, Steptoe and Son, but the characters work
fine on their own.
But even so, I agree that a footnote is a good idea. And I haven't always
lived up to that ideal, myself.
--
Neil Cerutti
--
https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ases where entering
context is optional, and so also works for this use case.
with contextlib.ExitStack() as stack:
try:
f = gzip.open('blah.txt', 'rb')
except IOError:
f = open('blah.txt', 'rb')
stack.enter_context(f)
for line in
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