QOTW: "Such infrastructure building is in fact fun and instructive -- as
long as you don't fall into the trap of *using* such complications in
production code, where Python's simplicity rules;-)." -- Alex Martelli
http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/41a6c
QOTW: "Such infrastructure building is in fact fun and instructive -- as
long as you don't fall into the trap of *using* such complications in
production code, where Python's simplicity rules;-)." -- Alex Martelli
http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/41a6c
create another type.
Well, a type is essentially a class (in the OOP sense, not the python-
specific classobj sense). You can call a type or class to create an
instance of that class or type. Here, you call the 'instancemethod' type
to create an instance of type 'instancemethod'.
the PyQt/PyKDE list (and search its
archives first).
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newsreader to use that. Once your newsread
is talking correctly to your ISP's news server, *then* you can subscribe
to comp.lang.python.
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()?
> >
> >
> > Sure, assuming you can provide a rigorous definition of 'binary
> > files'. :)
>
> non-ascii
That's not really safe when dealing with utf-8 files though, and IIRC
with UCS2 or UCS4 as well. The Unicode BOM its self might (I'm not sure)
qualify as ASCII.
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so small and approachable.
I also love the way I can chuck a bunch of objects into a functionally
styled processing pipeline, say a series of functions that each just
return the result of a listcomp/genexp.
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quot; moron who appears
to have nothing to do with either, or any knowledge of them.
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On Sat, 2005-01-22 at 12:20 +0100, Alex Martelli wrote:
> Craig Ringer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > .>>> data = ''.join(x for x in infile)
>
> Maybe ''.join(infile) is a better way to express this functionality?
> Avoids 2.4 dependen
t the cost of making it less clear what's going on and having someone
later go "duh, why isn't he using read() here instead" but can't seem to
do much more than that.
Might it be worth providing a way to have file objects seek back to the
current position of the iterator when r
his than:
.>>> inpath = '/tmp/msg.eml'
.>>> infile = open(inpath)
.>>> initer = iter(infile)
.>>> headers = []
.>>> for line in initer:
if not line.strip():
break
headers.append(tuple(line.split(':',1)))
.&
ct:
> >> do_stuff(name)
>
> Any help, pointers, sketches or outline of solution would be greatly
> appreciated.
I'm not really able to grasp what you're trying to do (but others
might). It wouldn't hurt if you could post a description of what you're
actually trying to achieve - /why/ you want this - as that can often be
very helpful both in understanding what you're thinking and in
suggesting a suitable approach or alternative.
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).
> Python is pretty stable, so it's usually best to suspect our own code
> unless you're heavily into using the C API (which I'm not, so feel free
> to ignore me).
That's been my experience - stability issues in my Python/C code have
almost always come down to refcounting bugs and/or failing to detect and
handle or propagate an exception.
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LL
(meaning a failure, probably of memory allocation).
I also don't see anything in there to resize the tuple.
http://docs.python.org/api/tupleObjects.html
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n't build Python with Tk
support.
> What do I do to set it up so I can use Tkinter?
Try Google - this seems to be a moderately FAQ for MacOS/X.
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ttp://www.python.org/peps/pep-0289.html
http://docs.python.org/whatsnew/node4.html
http://www.python.org/dev/doc/newstyle/ref/genexpr.html
for details.
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er handy.
I'm not sure how many Python built-in functions and library modules
return generators for things.
> I know this is now the case for reading lines in a file or with the
> new "iterator" package. But what else ? Does Craig Ringer answer mean
> that list comprehensi
s though, personally. I'd want to look
into using a class factory or metaclass to do the job if __getattr__ and
__setattr__ are insufficient or unacceptable.
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On Fri, 2005-01-21 at 22:38 +0800, Craig Ringer wrote:
> consecutive_sets = ( x[offset:offset+subset_size]
> for subset_size in xrange(2, len(x))
> for offset in xrange(0, len(x) + 1 - subset_size) )
Where 'x' is list to operate
in xrange(2, len(x))
for offset in xrange(0, len(x) + 1 - subset_size) )
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can avoid the "sometimes works, sometimes doesn't" fun
of referencing deleted memory by accident.
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the
Python/C API.
That said, I do think "the rules" deserve consideration and respect -
they're usually there because of many others' experience over time. It's
interesting to learn those lessons first hand, but it's nice to be able
to avoid repeating every single one
e thread per sub-interpreter, or if it can support
multiple sub interpreters in a single thread. Any ideas?
I'm pretty sure it's the former, but it'd be nice to be sure.
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e in the cgi-bin, not public_html, (b)
be flagged executable ("chmod a+x file.py"), and (c) begin with the
line: '#!/usr/bin/env python'
If the server doesn't provide you with CGI (or, strongly preferable,
SCGI or mod_python), you're probably out of luck.
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lice__(0, 0,
> x[1:])))
> or (not x and rest and cur.append(rest.pop(0]
>
> ;-)
If it means I _never_ have to see that list comprehension again, then
seeing 'flatten' go into itertools would make me very, very happy :-P
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one obvious way than what we have now.
And then we have iteration
(generator expressions, list comprehensions, for loops, ...?) over
(sequences, iterators, generators)
I happen to be extremely fond of the flexibility this provides, but one
obvious way to do it there is not.
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> or, if you haven't upgraded to 2.4, yet:
That'll work fine in Python 2.3. I think you meant:
print sum(ord(x) for x in "PyPy")
which is a different matter entirely (well, regarding compatibility
anyway).
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t;)
> print >>f , """CategoryY = GRIB
> etc.
> """
You mean "os.popen" not "open" I assume? The former opens a pipe to a
command, the latter overwrites the file.
I'd use:
os.popen("/bin/exe.x", "w").write("""\
CategorY = GRIB
etc.
""")
myself, but that's just taste (well, and performance I suspect).
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x27;t too hard, though the Python/C API does make creating types a
bit cumbersome. (Most of this seems to be because you're playing
pretend-we-have-objects in C, rather than issues specific to the
Python/C API).
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(Yes, I know yours isn't Python 2.4 - it doesn't matter).
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in ?
> import readline
> ImportError: No module named readline
>
> I think some paths are screwed up.. can someone take pity on me and give
> me a hand.
I'd say that'll be the same as with Tkinter - you probably didn't have
the GNU readline development headers installed, so Python disabled
readline support when it was compiled. That's just a guess, but seems
pretty likely.
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t;)[4:6]
['something', 'about']
so if 'x' is your string, the rough equivalent of that awk statement is:
.>>> x_words = x.split()
.>>> print x_words[4], x_words[5]
or perhaps
.>>> print "%s %s" % tuple(x.split()[4:6])
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e-sorting by a different key... but you
didn't know what key was last used for sorting. A stable sort algorithm
means you don't need to care, because the order will be maintained for
you not randomized.
Well, that's several hundred more words than were probably required, but
I hope I made sense.
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e...;-)
Agreed. I prefer to use explicit str.encode(), str.decode() and
unicode() calls where appropriate.
On a side note, PEP 263 handles the text encoding interpretation of
Python program source, and is well worth reading and following.
http://python.org/peps/pep-0263.html
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ckages (providing the ncurses header files and
static libs) installed.
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Apache might well be able to respawn failed subprocesses, it's not
> something that most hosting providers would like to have to do all the
> time for many hosted sites.
I wonder if SCGI or a similar "persistent CGI" solution might be more
practical for running CGI scripts under spec
r not there are trailing path
separators on the input strings. os.path.join can take more than two
arguments, too.
os.path has lots of other handy tools, so I strongly recommend checking
it out.
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a class and make the class own and manage the
C++ object (and pointer to it) that it owns.
Perhaps that's a better solution for you too?
If you want any opinions from folks here about the best way to solve
your problem, you'll probably need to explain a bit more of your problem
- like
On Thu, 2005-01-06 at 23:05, Peter Maas wrote:
> Craig Ringer schrieb:
> It would certainly be difficult to track all harmful code constructs.
> But AFAIK the idea of a sandbox is not to look at the offending code
> but to protect the offended objects: files, databases, URLs, socket
> I do not know if it is possible to disable or override 'import'..
You can do a fair bit to it by wrapping/replacing __builtin__.__import__
. Preventing people from getting around what you've done, though... not
sure.
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say something like :
>
> python sock.py
>
> but ./sock.py results in a :bad interpreter error
> how do i troubleshoot something like this?
You probably have Windows-style line endings in the file. The kernel
sees the ^M at the end of the line and gets all confused.
--
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http:/
27;d be interested if you could clarify what you mean there. As far as I
know, the whole file will only be read into memory if you use file.read
() or file.readlines(). If you use an iterator it does internal
readahead, but won't read the lot at once. If you use read() it reads
only what
plication. You'd simply need to keep an eye on the licenses of any
extensions you used, like ReportLab, PIL, mx, database interfaces,
twisted, etc. Many are licensed under the same license as Python or an
MIT-like license, but of course some Python extensions are not and you
would need to con
7;not (not A or not B)' I thought I could try something along those lines,
> but can't crack it.
My first thought would be to express your 'A and B' regex as:
(A.*B)|(B.*A)
with whatever padding, etc, is necessary. You can even substitute in the
sub-regex for A and B to avoid
t clear' or
'/usr/bin/clear' on many UNIX systems; no idea about Windows.
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le approach to me, but I'm hardly an expert.
The code's license permits you to do so, and it's hardly worth repeating
the work if you don't have to.
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s, etc.
In my case, its easier to execute snippets as shown above than it is to
worry about the module search path and wrapping things using a Python
module. If you're doing substantial amounts of Python coding for your
module, you'll almost certainly be better off writing a Python module
that uses your C module internally (see PIL for a good example of this).
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oited.
True; however, it's my understanding that compressing individual files
also means that in the case of damage to the archive it is possible to
recover the files after the damaged file. This cannot be guaranteed when
the archive is compressed as a single stream.
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et) than Python in this case anyway. This is
probably not the right place.
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's just
a stab in the dark, but perhaps it might be.
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ize in advance if I
> am, but I just can't figure it out.
"%20s: %s" % (leftstring, rightstring)
or
"%20s: %-40s" % (leftstring, rightstring)
That's Python's 'printf' style string formatting.
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s sense once
you already understand it.
It wouldn't hurt to point C extension authors at things like the 'es'
encoded string format for PyArg_ParseTuple to help them make their code
better behaved with non-ascii text.
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On Wed, 2004-12-29 at 02:08, Cameron Laird wrote:
> In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
> Craig Ringer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> .
> .
> .
> > IMO the reference behaviour of functions in the
t still need to have a look for other API revision
proposals.
I thought it best to ask here to find out how much interest there would
be in clarifying the API and adding a required format style before going
ahead with actually writing a few patches and a draft PEP for comments.
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On Tue, 2004-12-28 at 18:29, Craig Ringer wrote:
> Would there be any interest in releasing a DB-API 2.1 with one
> parameter style made MANDATORY, and a tuple of other supported styles in
> .paramstyles ? I think existing modules implemented in Python could be
> retrofi
work, but still probably not a big deal.
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r pythonrc ( ${HOME}/.pythonrc on UNIX , NFI on windows ).
On a side note, it'd be easier to read your post if you'd use the shift
key more often :-P
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need to define slots in these classes and also need to inherit them in
> Derived class.
If I recall correctly, the standard advice in this situation is "don't
use __slots__. If you think you need __slots__, still don't use
__slots__."
I've made use of __slots__ once my
Fredrik Lundh wrote:
Craig Ringer wrote:
It's hard to consistently support Unicode in extension modules without
doing a lot of jumping through hoops. Unicode in docstrings is
particularly painful. This may not be a big deal for normal extension
modules, but when embedding Python it'
rivial) difference in syntax. I'd be interested in
knowing if there is in fact more to it than this.
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em.
Of course, all these are just my opinion in the end, but I'd still have
to argue that using Python from C could be a lot nicer than it is. The
API is still pretty good, but the solution of these issues would make it
a fair bit nicer again, especially for people embedding Python in apps
(a place were it can seriously excel as a scripting/extension/glue
language).
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#x27;ll be faster or slower than PHP, I just can't guess. I think
it'd certainly be well worth a try, especially if you're writing any
more complex applications.
That said, for 90% of users development time matters more than execution
speed, and that's another matter entirely.
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the past - it might be a good idea to search the archives.
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tdir) .
I strongly recommend you read the Python tutorial if you haven't
already, and have a browse over the documentation for some of the key
modules like os and sys. Google and Google Groups are also often very
helpful - you can use Google Groups to search comp.lang.python (this
list/newsgroup).
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M is an option.
> Or to do a DOS directory and send it directly to a file to be accessed
> as needed?
I'm afraid I just don't understand that. "Do" a DOS directory? If you
want to list the contents of a directory, see help(os.listdir) .
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it's probably worth just using curses, but if you have a fairly
basic app that just needs to read raw characters sometimes this approach
should be fine.
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It would be good if you could post some of the things you've tried, and
perhaps a little more detail about what you're trying to match. Are you
trying to match the comment as a whole, eg "this is a javadoc comment",
or are you trying to extract parts of it?
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On Wed, 2004-12-15 at 21:44, Craig Ringer wrote:
> def import_xml:
>try:
>import libxml
>except ImportError,err:
># handle the error
>return libxml
>
> libxml = import_xml()
Though my personal approach would actually be:
try:
import l
e into the current namespace:
> the function scope(instead of file scope as I want). Is there any solution to
> my problem? Or should I solve it in another way?
def import_xml:
try:
import libxml
except ImportError,err:
# handle the error
return libxml
libxml
doesn't extend as far as:
instance = Constructor(*args)
though if anybody knows how to do this in C++ I would be overjoyed to
hear from them. Qt _does_ provide a pleasant (if somewhat limited) of
the Python getattr() and setattr() calls.
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Assuming there's a good reason, such as monster lines, not to just read
the next line anyway, I'd suggest read()ing the next character then
seek()ing back by one character to restore the file position.
def peekChar(fileobj):
ch = fileobj.read(1)
fileobj.seek(-1,1)
r
exstring2 = "\x5b\xbd"
>>> hexstring2
'[\xbd'
and you can convert them all to strings. Just remember that you can work
with a string as a buffer of 8-bit blocks and you'll be fine. In your
specific example:
>>> byte = '00100'
>>> byte_chr = chr(int(byte,2))
>>> byte_chr
'@'
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hat does require the entire thing to be loaded (or
anything that means you have to seek around the file), I'd say you're
SOL.
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On Wed, 2004-12-08 at 13:43, Craig Ringer wrote:
> Hi folks
>
> I'm currently working on a fairly well internationalised app that embeds
> a Python intepreter. I'd like to make the docstrings translatable, but
> am running into the issue that the translation function ret
On Fri, 2004-12-10 at 16:09, Craig Ringer wrote:
> On Fri, 2004-12-10 at 08:36, harrelson wrote:
> > I have a list of about 2500 html escape sequences (decimal) that I need
> > to convert to utf-8. Stuff like:
>
> I'm pretty sure this somewhat horrifying code doe
, '에', '요', '내',
'면', '금', '이', '얼', '마', '지',
'잠']
>>> def unescape(escapeseq):
... return ("\\u%x" % int(escapeseq[2:-1])).decode("unicode_escape")
...
>>> print ' '.join([ unescape(x) for x in entities ])
비 행 기 로 보 낼 거 에 요 내 면 금 이 얼 마 지 잠
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You could also
end up inserting ?s , *s etc, resulting in some rather frustrating bugs.
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variable is still there, and unmodified, but the name search finds the
copy each instance has in its dict before the class one.
>>> a.__class__.name
'fred'
>>> a.__class__.name = "Albert"
>>> a.__class__.name
'fred'
>>> a.name
&#x
e rest of the app is translated with.
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dict__[varname] = 'unwise'
>>> obj.fred
'unwise'
This, however, won't do you much good if you don't know what you'll be
modifying. I know the locals() and globals() functions exist, but have
always been leery of the idea of modifying their contents, an
wouldn't have guessed what I
was looking for would be in the exception code.
Much appreciated.
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bunch of methods on the generated subclasses, so I'm hoping so...
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t;>> x
[1]
>>> x.append(5)
>>> x
[1,5]
>>> sum(x)
6
>>> sum(x) / len(x)
3
As you can see, it's much easier to work with data in lists. Some of the
other methods, like list.sort() and list "slices" will also be useful to
you, but I'll let
PyMapping_GetItemString(globals, "errorMsg")
QString errorMsg = PyString_AsString(errorMsgPyStr);
(I'd love to be told there's a nicer way to do this).
This could easily be the wrong way to go about things, buggy, or just
stupid, so be warned. It does work well here, however.
I would be interested in knowing how to tell Python what encoding is
used for program text passed using PyRun_String() if anybody knows.
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d to worry
about older code. Thanks.
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on. New in version 2.3.
Sorry for the noise everybody, I could've sworn I looked over that
already.
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hanks to Qt the bindings are going to
be both simple and quite powerful. However, I need a way to do class
methods...
If anybody has any tips on this, It'd be much appreciated.
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bit more practical IMO, and may be a good place to
look at digital signing.
> - Your customer demands closed source because the code contains trade
>secrets.
My understanding is that that's never guaranteed safe, no? Or are
restrictions against reverse engineering now commonly enforcable?
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