To give you some more specific answers to your questions...
Nodes are "discovered" by being added to the ring. Simply put, this means an
operator or external (to swift) management system is responsible for adding the
device into. It is not automatically done inside of Swift (note that it could
There's a ton of info available at https://swiftstack.com/openstack-swift/.
Specifically, take a look at
https://swiftstack.com/openstack-swift/architecture/ for how Swift solves some
of these issues.
You might also find the info at http://swift.openstack.org useful, especially
http://docs.ope