[FRIAM] New to FRIAM list

2009-01-28 Thread Ted Carmichael
Hi, all. The FRIAM list welcome email said I should introduce myself, so here it is. My name's Ted Carmichael; I'm a PhD candidate in the College of Computing and Informatics, at the University of North Carolina in Charlotte. I've been interested in CAS for the last 3 or 4 year

[FRIAM] AAAI Fall Symposium: Complex Adaptive Systems and the Threshold Effect

2009-01-28 Thread Ted Carmichael
mit at this time.) Or you can send any questions or comments you have to Ted Carmichael:teds...@gmail.com ... please put "AAAI_CAS_Symposium" in the subject of your email. Thanks for you time, and I look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely, Ted Carmichael KDD Lab College of Comp

Re: [FRIAM] New to FRIAM list

2009-01-28 Thread Ted Carmichael
in the same > city. They talked in such broad generalities about their work that it was > nearly an hour before they realized that one was a computer scientist going > to an Artificial Intelligence conference, while the other was a rancher > going to an Artificial Insemination conference. &

Re: [FRIAM] New to FRIAM list

2009-01-28 Thread Ted Carmichael
se for telling a silly joke > that it reminded me of. - Gary > > > On Jan 28, 2009, at 6:05 PM, Ted Carmichael wrote: > > Oops. Sorry about that, Gary ... I shouldn't have assumed. >> >> I'm using CAS to mean Complex Adaptive Syst

Re: [FRIAM] Where does Friam meet tomorrow?

2009-01-29 Thread Ted Carmichael
Maybe you should go to the bar El Farol? On Thu, Jan 29, 2009 at 8:29 PM, Roger Critchlow wrote: > The non-virtual Friam met at St Johns last week, after several weeks > at the Santa Fe Complex. > > I thought we'd be returning to the Complex tomorrow morning, but Nick > thought we'd be continuin

Re: [FRIAM] Fwd: Latest issue of JASSS appears to contain a nugget

2009-02-01 Thread Ted Carmichael
Hi, Nick. I haven't read the papers yet, so maybe I am misunderstanding you when you say: but I am prepared to bet you that it will be easy to > show that just to the extent that they are explanatory, they are also > predictive. > You go on to mention earthquakes, which was the first thing I tho

Re: [FRIAM] The reductionist blind spot

2009-02-13 Thread Ted Carmichael
Hi, Jochen. I don't think I would agree with that statement, but I may not be understanding your terms. I assume not "knowing" the low level system means not having a clear definition. Can you have some sort of fitness function on the high level system, so that the low level definition emerges to

Re: [FRIAM] GUI advice/experiences solicited

2009-02-23 Thread Ted Carmichael
You know, I also have not done any GUI work. But I have heard of some tools that you may find useful. They are: FLTK GTK+ Qt wxWidgets The third one in the list - Qt - is sometimes pronounced "cutie," even though it is not spelled that way. Also, "widgets" are quite popular in Economics classes

Re: [FRIAM] What is friam REALLY about?

2009-03-29 Thread Ted Carmichael
You mean the true nature of FRIAM is emerging organically? (three) On Sun, Mar 29, 2009 at 1:08 PM, Douglas Roberts wrote: > Nick, > > Perhaps FRIAM is finally discovering it's roots. (That's two). > > --Doug > > On Sun, Mar 29, 2009 at 10:34 AM, Nicholas Thompson < > nickthomp...@earthlink.net>

Re: [FRIAM] Freeman Dyson

2009-03-29 Thread Ted Carmichael
That's a funny coincidence ... I am reading it just now. I'm always glad to come across another skeptic on anthropogenic global warming, particularly from someone with such strong credentials. The sustained level of pervasive hand-wrangling on this issue is quite worrisome. The actions that some

Re: [FRIAM] Freeman Dyson and Homo Sapiens Exploitatus

2009-03-30 Thread Ted Carmichael
Ah, I think Doug has gotten to the root of the problem. -T On Mon, Mar 30, 2009 at 5:08 PM, Douglas Roberts wrote: > Excuse me, but what, exactly, does this have to do with rutabagas? > > [?] > > On Mon, Mar 30, 2009 at 2:53 PM, Nicholas Thompson < > nickthomp...@earthlink.net> wrote: > >> Steve

[FRIAM] Complex Adaptive Systems - Call For Papers

2009-04-13 Thread Ted Carmichael
Dear all: Our symposium proposal CAS and the Threshold Effect: Views from the Natural and Social Sciences has been approved. Registration is not yet open but we've just finalized the Call For Papers

Re: [FRIAM] Agent-based market models (p.s.)

2009-04-13 Thread Ted Carmichael
I'll have to read that paper soon ... but if there's something in the first paragraph that is blatantly wrong, it's so hard to keep reading. I think the problem with Marx is he keeps confusing continuous phenomena with binary ones. Take this sentence: "If they [the working class] could produce the

[FRIAM] Unintended conseqences

2009-04-23 Thread Ted Carmichael
Here's an interesting article , pointing out the dangers of giving too much weight to "global warming," without considering other ecological consequences. Cheers, Ted FRIAM Applied Complexit

Re: [FRIAM] emergence, again

2009-04-29 Thread Ted Carmichael
On Wed, Apr 29, 2009 at 1:45 AM, Russ Abbott wrote: > Sometimes it seems to me that people prefer to think of emergence as > mysterious. It's not. > I agree. That's generally the problem I have when folks start talking about downward causation. I had an interesting conversation with Mark Beda

[FRIAM] Final extention: Complex Adaptive Systems in the Natural and Social Sciences

2009-05-01 Thread Ted Carmichael
Dear all: We've just received word that the AAAI has extended the deadline by two weeks for papers, panel proposals, and extended abstracts for CAS in the Natural and Social Sciences. The symposium will be held in Arlington, VA, from Nov. 5-

Re: [FRIAM] Tolerancing was: Quick Question (about Triangles)

2009-06-11 Thread Ted Carmichael
Actually, I was thinking the same thing, but couldn't express it that well. Thanks, Steve ... I like the connection to the strange attractors. That captures the idea, I think, better than what I was going to attempt. And it's more satisfying than saying, "Well, it doesn't feel like an emergent p

Re: [FRIAM] quick question

2009-06-11 Thread Ted Carmichael
I think the difficulty of the "triangle as emergence" problem is trying to imagine an situation where the "agents" (individual edges of a triangle) combine and re-combine in different configurations. But if they do, and if the environment selects structures based on strength, then I can see that t

Re: [FRIAM] quick question

2009-06-13 Thread Ted Carmichael
As far as I can tell, Russ meant AFAICT to mean "as far as I can tell." But yeah, I also thought of the duck first. Same thing happened when someone once tried to tell me what a millard is. -Ted On Sat, Jun 13, 2009 at 12:42 AM, Nicholas Thompson < nickthomp...@earthlink.net> wrote: > Russell >

Re: [FRIAM] Emergence, networks, threshold phenomena, and entity formation

2009-09-06 Thread Ted Carmichael
Hi, Russ. Thanks for the post. It's always interesting to think about these things. Offhand, I think the most relevant factors would be the number of interactions (how often one boid affects another) and the strength of those interactions (to what degree one boid affects another, and in what ways

Re: [FRIAM] Emergence, networks, threshold phenomena, and entity formation

2009-09-07 Thread Ted Carmichael
The two ideas do seem to be at odds. I think of the "persistence" of emergent features as being caused by basins of attraction. The strange attractors of a system subtly encourage all the agents of that system towards stability, through (perhaps) the efficient use of energy. But that would seem t

Re: [FRIAM] Crutchfield 's "Is anything ever new?"

2009-10-30 Thread Ted Carmichael
Have you seen all those commercials for Windows 7? Microsoft's "new" operating system? It isn't new at all. Just the same old ones and zeros. -Ted On Fri, Oct 30, 2009 at 2:15 AM, Russ Abbott wrote: > This seems to me to be asking a version of the question whether one can > ever think someth

Re: [FRIAM] Crutchfield 's "Is anything ever new?"

2009-10-30 Thread Ted Carmichael
as XP. > > Do I understand him correctly? > > N > > Nicholas S. Thompson > Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Ethology, > Clark University (nthomp...@clarku.edu) > http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/ > > > > > > - Original Messag

Re: [FRIAM] Crutchfield 's "Is anything ever new?"

2009-11-01 Thread Ted Carmichael
a software package may be new in how it combines many existing algorithms and other elements of visualization and human-computer interaction. If you don't like "levels" and prefer "layers," then I'm okay with that. But I don't really see the distinction. Can you ex

Re: [FRIAM] Crutchfield 's "Is anything ever new?"

2009-11-01 Thread Ted Carmichael
edu) > http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/ > > > > > > - Original Message - > *From:* Ted Carmichael > *To: *The Friday Morning Applied Complexity Coffee Group > *Sent:* 11/1/2009 6:54:44 PM > *Subject:* Re: [FRIAM] Crutchfield 's "Is

Re: [FRIAM] Crutchfield 's "Is anything ever new?"

2009-11-03 Thread Ted Carmichael
se too much of what I say is > just distracting nit-picking. But then I decided that's OK because the > people who don't want to read it can just hit the delete key. ;-) > > Thus spake Ted Carmichael circa 09-11-01 05:53 PM: > > I'm actually fine with re-defining '

[FRIAM] AAAI 2010 CAS Fall Symposium

2010-01-27 Thread Ted Carmichael
ion in our proposal. Thanks, everyone, and I look forward to hearing from you. And feel free to pass this along to folks you think may be interested! Sincerely, Ted Carmichael FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv Meets Fridays 9a-11:3

Re: [FRIAM] AAAI 2010 CAS Fall Symposium

2010-01-28 Thread Ted Carmichael
28, 2010 at 1:01 PM, Tom Johnson wrote: > And where might this take place? > > -tj > > On Wed, Jan 27, 2010 at 6:20 PM, Ted Carmichael wrote: > >> Dear FRIAM folks: >> >> We were extremely pleased with the turnout and participation of last >> year's

Re: [FRIAM] Hello, FRIAM

2010-02-26 Thread Ted Carmichael
Saul asked: "Do you, as I believed, side with a model in which natural selection leads to elegant solutions. Or is your view more aligned with my friends assertion that the natural outcome of evolution is a ramshackle expression of "good enough" for now." I'm going to jump in here and go with "goo

[FRIAM] Question for Friamers! ... 2D vs. 3D

2010-03-01 Thread Ted Carmichael
So ... I've been programming a lot in NetLogo and so forth, and I've thought about the inherent differences between 2D models and 3D models (or even higher dimensions). But I haven't thought about it very deeply, and I haven't formally investigated how the properties of, say, clusters of self-orga

Re: [FRIAM] Question for Friamers! ... 2D vs. 3D

2010-03-01 Thread Ted Carmichael
Thanks for all the interesting comments, everyone. Lee's comments mirror what someone else told me, re: the random walk. They also said that populations of agents/particles - such as in Brownian motion - tend to exhibit clusters in 2D, but not in 3D. (I would assume - but haven't explored - that

Re: [FRIAM] Question for Friamers! ... 2D vs. 3D

2010-03-02 Thread Ted Carmichael
create a kind of moving bubble around the > predator, or fracture into multiple blobs, before coming > back together and swimming away > http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0707/feature5/text4.html > > Iain Couzin's site at Princeton has also many papers > about collective

Re: [FRIAM] How to Begin?

2010-03-21 Thread Ted Carmichael
Hey, Vladimyr - I'm not in Santa Fe - I'm at UNC Charlotte, near the other coast - but I also work with complex systems and such. If you're not familiar with it, NetLogo is an excellent toolset for rapid prototyping of agent-based systems. They continually update it, it's free, and there's tons

Re: [FRIAM] How to Begin?

2010-03-23 Thread Ted Carmichael
y to Stephen Thompson and Ted > Carmichael. > > I could not find a Reply button on the Friam newsgroup pages. > > > > You could say I have a pretty classic (Basic) background in Biology and > Engineering. I have always been very uneasy with the concept of species and &

Re: [FRIAM] Slashdot Science Story | Twins' DNA Foils Police

2010-04-05 Thread Ted Carmichael
Maybe that's the problem ... the orientation of the cooperate/defect decision is always pair-wise between two prisoners. Perhaps it's not as confusing that way. -T On Sun, Apr 4, 2010 at 12:28 AM, Nicholas Thompson < nickthomp...@earthlink.net> wrote: > I ferociously disagree. I found that st

[FRIAM] 2010 AAAI Fall Symposium - Complex Adaptive Systems: Resilience, Robustness, and Evolvability

2010-04-06 Thread Ted Carmichael
hesitate to email me if you have any questions, and I hope to see you this fall! Cheers, Ted Carmichael FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv Meets Fridays 9a-11:30 at cafe at St. John's College lectures, archives, unsubscribe, maps at http://www.friam.org

Re: [FRIAM] LOL...

2010-04-08 Thread Ted Carmichael
That was awesome. Thanks. -t On Thu, Apr 8, 2010 at 10:34 PM, Russ Abbott wrote: > Terrific! Thanks, Tory. > > > -- Russ Abbott > __ > > Professor, Computer Science > California State University, Los Angeles > > cell: 310-621-3805 > blog: http://russab

Re: [FRIAM] leadership in flocks

2010-04-10 Thread Ted Carmichael
I haven't read the papers all the way through, but on first blush, I don't see them as contradictory. Either could be correct. A "leader" - whether bird or person - could act first due to internal traits (inclination, ability, imagination) or external influence. The first implies that the leader

Re: [FRIAM] leadership in flocks

2010-04-10 Thread Ted Carmichael
Comments below... On Sat, Apr 10, 2010 at 3:07 PM, Vladimyr Ivan Burachynsky wrote: > Wow, wait a second, > > If the object in motion has a group of followers I don't see emergence, > Remoras follow sharks or any other moving object, there is no dynamic > social > system. My Wolfhounds follow ra

Re: [FRIAM] leadership in flocks

2010-04-10 Thread Ted Carmichael
is as likely to emerge as leadership, and thus we revert to the > question in earlier conversations about the value systems of the observer > fabricating the label of emergent or not. Right? > Or, seconding Dr B, am I just not used to your terminology? > > Certainly am enjoying this

Re: [FRIAM] leadership in flocks

2010-04-11 Thread Ted Carmichael
gt; correlated feedback resulting in the emergence of chaos. > > > -- Russ Abbott > __ > > Professor, Computer Science > California State University, Los Angeles > > cell: 310-621-3805 > blog: http://russabbott.blogspot.com/ >

[FRIAM] Real-world genetic algorithm example... help!

2010-07-09 Thread Ted Carmichael
Dear all, I'm trying to find reference to a story I read some time ago (a few years, perhaps?), and I'm hoping that either: a) I heard it from someone on this list, or b) someone on this list heard it, too. Anyway, it was a really cool example of a real-world genetic algorithm, having to do with

Re: [FRIAM] Real-world genetic algorithm example... help!

2010-07-09 Thread Ted Carmichael
LOL ... you guys crack me up. -t On Fri, Jul 9, 2010 at 9:32 AM, Douglas Roberts wrote: > You do realize how much that sounds like a description of FRIAM, don't you? > > ;-} > > --Doug > > > On Fri, Jul 9, 2010 at 7:17 AM, James Steiner wrote: > >> I remember it too! It seems that individual hig

Re: [FRIAM] Real-world genetic algorithm example... help!

2010-07-09 Thread Ted Carmichael
t; N > > Nicholas S. Thompson > Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Ethology, > Clark University (nthomp...@clarku.edu) > http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/ > http://www.cusf.org [City University of Santa Fe] > > > > > > - Original Message - > *F

Re: [FRIAM] Real-world genetic algorithm example... help!

2010-07-09 Thread Ted Carmichael
eggs (in their group). -t On Fri, Jul 9, 2010 at 6:47 PM, Shawn Barr wrote: > Ted, > > I'm confused. Why would a genetic algorithm ever select a hen that > produces fewer eggs over a hen that produces more eggs? > > > Shawn > > > On Fri, Jul 9, 2010 at 2:57 PM

Re: [FRIAM] Real-world genetic algorithm example... help!

2010-07-09 Thread Ted Carmichael
gt; have a vague memory that this has come across the FRIAM list before. >> >> Eric >> >> >> On Fri, Jul 9, 2010 06:47 PM, *Shawn Barr >> >> >* wrote: >> >> Ted, >> >> I'm confused. Why would a genetic algorithm ever select a hen t

Re: [FRIAM] Need system-oriented Java-OO developers, modeling/sim environment, part-full time, work-at-home

2010-07-09 Thread Ted Carmichael
Wow ... it is a small world sometimes. We started talking about Genetic Algorithms on a different thread. So of course I was thinking about Dr. Michalewicz, who taught a class in GA that I took a few years ago, and (literally) wrote the book on the subject. And then the very next thread I read i

Re: [FRIAM] Real-world genetic algorithm example... help!

2010-07-10 Thread Ted Carmichael
though is that the experiment is great biology, but > it's a pretty limited and confusing example of a GA. > > > -- Russ Abbott > __ > > Professor, Computer Science > California State University, Los Angeles > > cell: 310-621-38

Re: [FRIAM] Real-world genetic algorithm example... help!

2010-07-11 Thread Ted Carmichael
coop genome is generated from the >> > parent coop genome by breeding the chickens. I guess you could call that >> > mutation of the coop genome.So the mutation operator on the parent coop >> > genome is to breed the chickens to get a new coop genome. But I think >>

Re: [FRIAM] Entropic force

2010-07-18 Thread Ted Carmichael
Charles > > Professional Student and > Assistant Professor of Psychology > Penn State University > Altoona, PA 16601 > > > > > FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv > Meets Fridays 9a-11:30 at cafe at

Re: [FRIAM] Entropic force

2010-07-18 Thread Ted Carmichael
oogle.com/site/russabbott/"; target=" > > > onclick="window.open('http://sites.google.com/site/russabbott/');return > > false;">http://sites.google.com/site/russabbott/ > > >__________ > > > > > > > > > > > > > > =

[FRIAM] Modeling and Simulation Academic Job posting

2010-09-05 Thread Ted Carmichael
rlotte. SIS is specifically looking for someone (post #2) to collaborate university-wide via the UNC Charlotte Complex Systems Institute. Please pass this along to anyone you think may be interested. Thanks! -Ted -- Ted Carmichael, Ph.D. Complex Systems Institute Department of Softwa

Re: [FRIAM] The Best 10 Fictional Works

2010-10-11 Thread Ted Carmichael
translation is considered quite good, and it reads very well. > > Owen > > > I am an iPad, resistance is futile! > > > FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv > Meets Fridays 9a-11:30 at cafe at St. Joh

Re: [FRIAM] The Best 10 Fictional Works

2010-10-11 Thread Ted Carmichael
d go for Thief of Time... > Tory > > On Oct 11, 2010, at 10:20 AM, Ted Carmichael wrote: > > *S* difficult to find only ten. And I'm not sure what to do with the > "literature" requirement ... I like well-written stories that transcend > genre, but I wouldn&#x

Re: [FRIAM] Expertise, etcetera

2010-10-13 Thread Ted Carmichael
res, archives, > unsubscribe, maps at http://www.friam.org > > > ======== > FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv > Meets Fridays 9a-11:30 at cafe at St. John's College > lectures, archives, unsubscribe, maps at http://www.fri

Re: [FRIAM] Expertise, etcetera

2010-10-13 Thread Ted Carmichael
On Wed, Oct 13, 2010 at 4:53 PM, Merle Lefkoff wrote: > Merle Lefkoff wrote: > > [snip] Even so-called "experts" are hard-wired for "loss aversion". They > are likely to form their predictions based on how recently they predicted > wrongly and NOT on the statistics they've studied. Well, the p

Re: [FRIAM] Expertise, etcetera

2010-10-14 Thread Ted Carmichael
al aspects of what is going on around > you. This shouldn't lead us to think the mind even more wonderful, but > rather to question the usefulness of mind-talk and mind-focused-learning in > the first place. > > Sigh, > > Eric > > > On Wed, Oct 13, 2010 06:50 PM,

Re: [FRIAM] The 10 Best Literary Works

2010-10-14 Thread Ted Carmichael
gt; Tory Hughes <http://toryhughes.com/> website > Tory Hughes <http://www.facebook.com/tory.hughes1?ref=profile> facebook > > > > > FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv > Meets Fr

Re: [FRIAM] Expertise, etcetera & Zen

2010-10-14 Thread Ted Carmichael
ou are actually doing LESS than an average person, who > judges and discriminates each person, and must regulate exactly how much to > let each one in. > > Though the process of development in each of these cases may be complex, > the result is surely more elegant and simple than the st

Re: [FRIAM] Expertise, etcetera

2010-10-14 Thread Ted Carmichael
On Thu, Oct 14, 2010 at 11:19 AM, Pamela McCorduck wrote: [snip] > > 3. I have also read what Robert read about the vision system taking up 40% > of our brain. (40%? 60%? a high very proportion). Small illustration: my > cousin had surgery to correct a vision defect she'd had all her life (she >

Re: [FRIAM] The Case for a Literary Education (re 10 Best...)

2010-10-14 Thread Ted Carmichael
On Thu, Oct 14, 2010 at 12:23 PM, Nicholas Thompson < nickthomp...@earthlink.net> wrote: > > > The closest I have ever come to shading the truth in my writing is in a > series of essays under a pseudonym in which I included examples of events > that - blush - never quite actually happened. I rea

[FRIAM] CFP - AAAI CAS 2011 Fall Symposium

2011-04-04 Thread Ted Carmichael
Center for the Study of Complex Systems. We hope to announce more such high-caliber speakers in the coming weeks. Thanks! -- Ted Carmichael, Ph.D. Complex Systems Institute Department of Software and Information Systems College of Computing and Informatics 310-A Woodward Hall UNC Charlotte Char

[FRIAM] Deadline extended - AAAI CAS Fall Symposium

2011-05-15 Thread Ted Carmichael
ions, round-table talks, and smaller break-out groups to allow for a spirited interaction among participants. *Organizing and Program Committee* Mirsad Hadzikadic, Chair (UNC Charlotte), Ted Carmichael, Co-Chair (UNC Charlotte), Mark Altaweel (University of Chicago), Tony Beavers (University o

Re: [FRIAM] craigs list q

2011-05-18 Thread Ted Carmichael
11:30 at cafe at St. John's College > > > lectures, archives, unsubscribe, maps at http://www.friam.org > > > > > > > > > FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv > > Meets Fridays 9a-11:30 at cafe at St. John's College > > lectures, archives, unsubscribe, maps at http

Re: [FRIAM] Fwd: iClarified - Apple News - Amazon Announces That eBook Sales Have Surpassed Printed Book Sales

2011-05-26 Thread Ted Carmichael
Yeah. Both my mom and my aunt got a Kindle this year. It's kind of killed the "book as Christmas/birthday present" for me. I mean, once you take away the physical gift and the wrapping, you might as well just skip buying a particular book, and buy a gift certificate instead. And that is never v

[FRIAM] Interview with Doyne Farmer

2011-09-18 Thread Ted Carmichael
Dear all, I was just sent this link<http://economistonline.muogao.com/2011/09/doyne-farmer-interview-macroecnomics-from-bottom-up.html>in Google+ and thought some here would enjoy it. A video interview with Doyne Farmer, about his most recent project. Interesting stuff! -Ted -

Re: [FRIAM] Will Google, Amazon, And Facebook Black Out The Net?

2012-01-03 Thread Ted Carmichael
It's an interesting dig, that the bill - SOPA - actually stands for "Stop Online Piracy Act," while slashdot (and others) label it Stop Online * Privacy* Act. -Ted On Mon, Jan 2, 2012 at 10:43 PM, Owen Densmore wrote: > So possibly SOPA (Stop Online Privacy Act), a really stupid US Gvt law, > m

[FRIAM] CSSSA 2015 Conference CFP

2015-04-06 Thread Ted Carmichael
Dear FRIAMers, Below is the Call for Papers for the 2015 annual conference of the Computational Social Science Society of the Americas. It will be held in Santa Fe from Oct. 29 through Nov. 1. Papers are due August 15th. I was thinking folks on this list might be interested. If not, just let m

[FRIAM] Swarmfest 2015 Conference CFP

2015-04-06 Thread Ted Carmichael
at the University of South Carolina's Center for Digital Humanities. *July 10 - 12, 2015*. Should be a lot of fun! *1-2 page abstracts are due June 1st.* Thanks, -Ted -- Ted Carmichael, Ph.D. Senior Research Scientist TutorGen, Inc. Affiliated Assistant Research Professor Department of S