Re: deepcopy questions
On Wednesday, November 28, 2012 12:59:38 AM UTC+1, lars van gemerden wrote:
> Hi,
>
>
>
> I get a very strange result when using deepcopy. The following code:
>
>
>
> def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
>
> independent = self.independent()
>
> if independent is self:
>
> out = type(self)()
>
> out.__dict__ = copy.deepcopy(self.__dict__, memo)
>
> print self.__dict__
>
> print out.__dict__ #strange result
>
> return out
>
> else:
>
> return copy.deepcopy(independent, memo).find(self.id).take()
>
>
>
> prints different results for self.__dict__ and out.__dict__:
>
>
>
> {'_active_': False, 'init': {}, '_id_': 0, '_items_':
> [], '_name_': 'main'}
>
> {'_active_': False, 'init': {}, '_id_': 0}
>
>
>
> Two items are missing in the copy. Maybe i am missing something obvious, but
> i cannot figure out how this could happen.
>
>
>
> Can anyone tell me how this is possible?
>
>
>
> Cheers, Lars
I have just tried to make a simple runnable testcase but no luck. in my code
it's part of a rather complex data structure.
As I understood the documentation, the memo parameter is to hold a dictionary
of data that have already been copied (e.g. to deal with circular references),
and is normally only explicitly used when implementing __deepcopy__, just
passing memo to calls to deepcopy within the body of __deepcopy__.
If memo contains items, this should, to my understanding, not remove them from
the output of deepcopy, they will just not be copied again, but instead be
taken from memo and put in the output (otherwise 2 references to the same
object would after deepcopying result in 2 distinct copies of that object).
Anyway, since i cannot reproduce the error in a simple testcase and i have no
adea what is going on, I'll implement what i need differently.
Any ideas are still more then welcome,
Thanks for the feedback,
Lars
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Re: Python-list Digest, Vol 108, Issue 248
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Re: How to create an executable from python script in windows
Am 28.11.2012 07:43, schrieb Prakash: copying C:\Python24\lib\site-packages\py2exe\run_w.exe Python 2.4 was released 8 years ago and shouldn't be used for new development or learning any longer. The first step I would take is to upgrade to 2.7, which is the last in the 2.x series. Further, I would at least consider upgrading to Python 3.x, although this might require some tweaking of your sourcecode first. Keep in mind that 2.x is a dead end though! The following modules appear to be missing ['win32com.shell'] If the warning persists with 2.7 and you are actually getting errors at runtime, throw the whole message at e.g. google.com and click a few links. Hint: This is a known problem, you are not the first one! Good luck! Uli -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ANN: eGenix mx Base Distribution 3.2.5 (mxDateTime, mxTextTools, etc.)
ANNOUNCING eGenix.com mx Base Distribution Version 3.2.5 for Python 2.4 - 2.7 Open Source Python extensions providing important and useful services for Python programmers. This announcement is also available on our web-site for online reading: http://www.egenix.com/company/news/eGenix-mx-Base-Distribution-3.2.5-GA.html ABOUT The eGenix.com mx Base Distribution for Python is a collection of professional quality software tools which enhance Python's usability in many important areas such as fast text searching, date/time processing and high speed data types. The tools have a proven record of being portable across many Unix and Windows platforms. You can write applications which use the tools on Windows and then run them on Unix platforms without change due to the consistent platform independent interfaces. Contents of the distribution: * mxDateTime - Easy to use Date/Time Library for Python * mxTextTools - Fast Text Parsing and Processing Tools for Python * mxProxy - Object Access Control for Python * mxBeeBase - On-disk B+Tree Based Database Kit for Python * mxURL - Flexible URL Data-Type for Python * mxUID - Fast Universal Identifiers for Python * mxStack - Fast and Memory-Efficient Stack Type for Python * mxQueue - Fast and Memory-Efficient Queue Type for Python * mxTools - Fast Everyday Helpers for Python The package also include a number of helpful smaller modules in the mx.Misc subpackage, such as mx.Misc.ConfigFile for config file parsing or mx.Misc.CommandLine to quickly write command line applications in Python. All available packages have proven their stability and usefulness in many mission critical applications and various commercial settings all around the world. For more information, please see the distribution page: http://www.egenix.com/products/python/mxBase/ NEWS The 3.2.5 release of the eGenix mx Base Distribution is the latest release of our open-source Python extensions. The new patch-level version includes a few important fixes: * Fixed a compatibility problem with Python 2.7.3 on Mac OS X 10.6 and later: Removed mx_customize_compiler() in favor of the standard distutils customize_compiler(). It now installs fine again with pip on more recent Mac OS X versions. Thanks to Leonardo Santagada for bringing this problem to our attention. * mxDateTime: Fixed a possible segfault in mxDateTime that was caused by the lazy datetime module import mechanism not catching all cases where the C API was used in mxDateTime. Thanks to Joel Rosdahl for bringing this to our attention. * Fixed a bug in the mx.Misc.CSV.Reader.objects() method, which triggered a TypeError. If you are upgrading from eGenix mx Base 3.1.x, please also see the eGenix mx Base Distribution 3.2.0 release notes for details on what has changed and which new features are available: http://www.egenix.com/company/news/eGenix-mx-Base-Distribution-3.2.0-GA.html As always, we are providing pre-built binaries for all common platforms: Windows 32/64-bit, Linux 32/64-bit, FreeBSD 32/64-bit, Mac OS X 32/64-bit. Source code archives are available for installation on all other Python platforms, such as Solaris, AIX, HP-UX, etc. To simplify installation in Zope/Plone and other egg-based systems, we have also precompiled egg distributions for all platforms. These are available on our own PyPI-style index server for easy and automatic download. Whether you are using a pre-built package or the source distribution, installation is a simple "python setup.py install" command in all cases. The only difference is that the pre-built packages do not require a compiler or the Python development packages to be installed. For a full list of changes, please refer to the eGenix mx Base Distribution change log at http://www.egenix.com/products/python/mxBase/changelog.html and the change logs of the various included Python packages. DOWNLOADS The download archives and instructions for installing the packages can be found on the eGenix mx Base Distribution page: http://www.egenix.com/products/python/mxBase/ LICENSE The eGenix mx Base package is distributed under the eGenix.com Public License 1.1.0 which is an Open Source license similar to the Python license. You can use the packages in both commercial and non-commercial settings without fee or charge. The package comes with full source code SUPPORT Commercial support for this product is available from
Re: please help me to debud my local chat network program
but, how can I fix it? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: please help me to debud my local chat network program
ok, in client.py, i change broadcastIP = "broadcast" to broadcastIP = "127.0.0.1" but there are some bugs sys.exit(main()) rQueue, wQueue, xQueue = select.select(inputs, [], []) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: please help me to debud my local chat network program
On Wed, Nov 28, 2012 at 9:52 PM, Minh Dang wrote: > but, how can I fix it? I can't say that for sure, but did you read the bit at the end of my last post beginning "I think you probably want"? Try doing that, see what happens. ChrisA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: please help me to debud my local chat network program
ok, in client.py, i change broadcastIP = "broadcast" to broadcastIP = "127.0.0.1",it's ok, but there are some bugs sys.exit(main()) rQueue, wQueue, xQueue = select.select(inputs, [], []) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: please help me to debud my local chat network program
On Wed, Nov 28, 2012 at 10:10 PM, Minh Dang wrote: > ok, in client.py, i change broadcastIP = "broadcast" to broadcastIP = > "127.0.0.1" but there are some bugs I doubt that that will work either. And you may need to be a little clearer on what you mean by "there are some bugs" - is it doing what you don't expect? Are you getting an exception? Tips: http://catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html ChrisA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: please help me to debud my local chat network program
yes, still have 2 bugs: sys.exit(main()) rQueue, wQueue, xQueue = select.select(inputs, [], []) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: please help me to debud my local chat network program
please help me, after changing broadcast, there are 2 bugs: if __name__ == "__main__": sys.exit(main()) and rQueue, wQueue, xQueue = select.select(inputs, [], []) please help me -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: please help me to debud my local chat network program
On Wed, Nov 28, 2012 at 10:57 PM, Minh Dang wrote: > please help me, after changing broadcast, there are 2 bugs: > if __name__ == "__main__": > sys.exit(main()) > and > > rQueue, wQueue, xQueue = select.select(inputs, [], []) > please help me By "bug", I'm guessing you mean one of two things: 1) The program fails to run, and an exception is given that points to one of these lines, or 2) The program runs, but does something different from what you expect it to do. If it's the first, what's the exception? If the second, what do you expect and what happens? You need to provide more information. Check out the link I gave you on how to ask questions; it's very helpful. ChrisA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Imaging libraries in active development?
I'm investigating Python for image processing (having used Matlab, then Octave for some years). And I'm spoiled for choice: PIL and its fork pillow, scipy.ndimage, scikits-image, mahotas, the Python interface to openCV... However, PIL doesn't seem to be in active development. What I want to know is - what are the current "standard" libraries for image processing in Python which are in active development? I have quite a few image processing student notes which I'm thinking of converting to Python, but I'd like to use the most up-to-date library. Thanks, Alasdair -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to pass "echo t | " input to subprocess.check_output() method
On Monday, 26 November 2012 21:10:02 UTC+5:30, Miki Tebeka wrote:
> > But i dont know how to pass the "echo t | " in subprocess.check_output
> > while calling a process.
>
> You need to create two subprocess and connect the stdout of the first to the
> stdin of the 2'nd.
>
>
>
> See http://pythonwise.blogspot.com/2008/08/pipe.html for a possible solution.
Hi Miki,
Thanks.. Creating two subprocesses worked for me. I did the code as below,
p = subprocess.Popen("echo t |", shell=True, stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
p1 = subprocess.Popen(["svn.exe", "list", "Https://127.0.0.1:443/svn/Repos"],
shell=True, stdin=p.stdout, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()
output = p1[0]
Thanks again... :)
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How to show and parse rsync progress in Python/Django?
I am using the development version of rsync with --info-progress option. I am writing a python program which transfer files from server to local computer using rsync: finalresult = subprocess.Popen(['sshpass', '-p', password, 'rsync', '-avz', '--info=progress2', 'hostname:/filename', '/home/nfs/django/user'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0] This should store the processing in the finalresult which is not happening. I just want to show the file syncing progress in my front-end Django app. How can I do that? Thanks -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: please help me to debud my local chat network program
yes, it's run but appear:
in server: Server is ready.
Accepted connection from ('127.0.0.1', 5000)
End connection from ('127.0.0.1', 5000)
after connected, server close.
in client: Connected to server at 127.0.0.1 : 4000
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\MINH_IT\workspace\project\src\project\client.py", line 303, in
sys.exit(main())
File "C:\Users\MINH_IT\workspace\project\src\project\client.py", line 60, in
main
rQueue, wQueue, xQueue = select.select(inputs, [], [])
OSError: [WinError 10038] An operation was attempted on something that is not a
socket
there are 2 problems.
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Re: please help me to debud my local chat network program
On Thu, Nov 29, 2012 at 1:10 AM, Minh Dang wrote: > File "C:\Users\MINH_IT\workspace\project\src\project\client.py", line 60, > in main > rQueue, wQueue, xQueue = select.select(inputs, [], []) > OSError: [WinError 10038] An operation was attempted on something that is not > a socket Have a look at that line of code - specifically, look at what's in inputs. One of them perhaps isn't a socket. Tip: The print function is your friend. ChrisA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to pass "echo t | " input to subprocess.check_output() method
On Wednesday, November 28, 2012 4:38:35 AM UTC-8, dach...@gmail.com wrote: > Thanks.. Creating two subprocesses worked for me. I did the code as below, Glad it worked. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: "non central" package management
On Tuesday, November 27, 2012 8:45:56 PM UTC-8, Roy Smith wrote: > In the future, the plan is to build a complete fresh virtualenv for > every deployment. But we're not there yet. Maybe a repository of virtualenvs, then when deploying you can see if there's one the matches what you need and use it. Otherwise create a new one. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: please help me to debud my local chat network program
there are still these 2 problems and i don't know how to solve it -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Imaging libraries in active development?
This may be of some interest to you: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wvvxazwi2IY&feature=plcp On Wed, Nov 28, 2012 at 1:30 PM, Alasdair McAndrew wrote: > I'm investigating Python for image processing (having used Matlab, then > Octave for some years). And I'm spoiled for choice: PIL and its fork > pillow, scipy.ndimage, scikits-image, mahotas, the Python interface to > openCV... > > However, PIL doesn't seem to be in active development. What I want to > know is - what are the current "standard" libraries for image processing in > Python which are in active development? > > I have quite a few image processing student notes which I'm thinking of > converting to Python, but I'd like to use the most up-to-date library. > > Thanks, > Alasdair > -- > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list > -- Ritchie Flick -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Imaging libraries in active development?
On 11/28/2012 05:30 AM, Alasdair McAndrew wrote: > I'm investigating Python for image processing (having used Matlab, > then Octave for some years). And I'm spoiled for choice: PIL and its > fork pillow, scipy.ndimage, scikits-image, mahotas, the Python > interface to openCV... > > However, PIL doesn't seem to be in active development. What I want > to know is - what are the current "standard" libraries for image > processing in Python which are in active development? > > I have quite a few image processing student notes which I'm thinking > of converting to Python, but I'd like to use the most up-to-date > library. I'm curious. What features do you need that pil doesn't have? Other than updating pil to fix bugs, support new image types or new versions of Python, what kind of active development do you think it needs to have? Maybe pil has all the features the original author wanted and is pretty stable. To judge a package on how fast it's changing seems a bit odd to me. Obviously you want to know that bugs can get fixed of course. Perhaps none have been reported recently. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to ship eggs with pyo files only
There is sometimes a need to ship python egg distribution with pyo files only. There is confusion using bdist_egg command since it doesn't have any options to do that; you can read more about solution here: http://mindref.blogspot.com/2012/11/python-egg-pyo.html Thanks. Andriy Kornatskyy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Imaging libraries in active development?
Am 28.11.2012 19:14, schrieb Michael Torrie: > I'm curious. What features do you need that pil doesn't have? Other > than updating pil to fix bugs, support new image types or new versions > of Python, what kind of active development do you think it needs to > have? Maybe pil has all the features the original author wanted and is > pretty stable. To judge a package on how fast it's changing seems a bit > odd to me. Obviously you want to know that bugs can get fixed of > course. Perhaps none have been reported recently. PIL is missing a bunch of features like proper TIFF support (no multipage, g3/g4 compression and more), JPEG 2000, RAW and HDR image formats, tone mapping, proper ICC support, PEP 3128 buffer support ... PIL is also rather slow. My smc.freeimage library can write JPEGs about six times faster, because it uses libjpeg-turbo. Only some Linux distributions have replaced libjpeg with the turbo implementation. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: re.search when used within an if/else fails
I agree. Being relatively new to python, i was not sure of quirks so i posted the original code. I did find the real issue, as I found another loop that was not being executed properly. It turns out that if the indent started with spaces and ended with tabs, neither eclipse or command line execution would complain. where as if the indent begins with tabs and has spaces in the middle the tools will complain of indentation issues. i have found that the vi plugin for python is the culprit here. when the plugin does block indentation, the result is indents that begin with spaces. if i disable the vi plugin and use the regular eclipse editor these issues go away. with other languages i always expand tabs to spaces. the vi plugin does do this properly. if i change all indents to be spaces only will python behave? i inherited a good deal of the code that i am using, which is tab based. thanks kevin On Wednesday, November 21, 2012 11:00:50 PM UTC-6, Chris Angelico wrote: > On Thu, Nov 22, 2012 at 3:41 AM, Kevin T wrote: > > > I went back and tried version a again, blam it is/does work now ?!?!? > > > > This is why the Short, Self-Contained, Correct Example is so > > important. See http://sscce.org/ for some info on that. I often find > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: re.search when used within an if/else fails
On Wed, Nov 28, 2012 at 12:39 PM, Kevin T wrote: > with other languages i always expand tabs to spaces. the vi plugin does do this properly. if i change all indents to be spaces only will python behave? i inherited a good deal of the code that i am using, which is tab based. Yes, it's best to use either tabs-only or spaces-only. Quoting from PEP 8 on the subject: Never mix tabs and spaces. > > The most popular way of indenting Python is with spaces only. The > second-most popular way is with tabs only. Code indented with a mixture of > tabs and spaces should be converted to using spaces exclusively. When > invoking the Python command line interpreter with the -t option, it issues > warnings about code that illegally mixes tabs and spaces. When using -tt > these warnings become errors. These options are highly recommended! > > For new projects, spaces-only are strongly recommended over tabs. Most > editors have features that make this easy to do. > I thought the prohibition against mixing tabs and spaces was made more strict in Python 3, but I can't find any reference to that now. Probably I was mistaken. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Re: re.search when used within an if/else fails
On 11/28/2012 01:57 PM, Ian Kelly wrote: > Yes, it's best to use either tabs-only or spaces-only. Quoting from PEP > 8 on the subject: > > Never mix tabs and spaces. > > The most popular way of indenting Python is with spaces only. The > second-most popular way is with tabs only. Code indented with a > mixture of tabs and spaces should be converted to using spaces > exclusively. When invoking the Python command line interpreter with > the -t option, it issues warnings about code that illegally mixes > tabs and spaces. When using -tt these warnings become errors. These > options are highly recommended! > > For new projects, spaces-only are strongly recommended over tabs. > Most editors have features that make this easy to do. > > > I thought the prohibition against mixing tabs and spaces was made more > strict in Python 3, but I can't find any reference to that now. > Probably I was mistaken. I'm only entering this thread now so I'm not really in context, but you're correct; in Python 3, -tt is set by default, which makes illegal mixing an error. However, not all mixing is illegal: what it means by "code that illegally mixes tabs and spaces" is "code whose interpretation differs depending upon the interpretation of the tab width". While I'm not going to go test it, I think that if you, say, indent from the first to the second level with tabs (consistently), indent from the second to third level with spaces (consistently), and indent from the third to fourth level with tabs (consistently), it should not complain. Or perhaps I should say "it should complain that you're a bad person and should feel bad, but it won't." :-) (In fact, you could indent one block at the second level with tabs and another with spaces.) Evan signature.asc Description: OpenPGP digital signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: re.search when used within an if/else fails
On Wed, 28 Nov 2012 11:39:48 -0800, Kevin T wrote: > with other languages i always expand tabs to spaces. the vi plugin does > do this properly. if i change all indents to be spaces only will python > behave? i inherited a good deal of the code that i am using, which is > tab based. Python will behave correctly if you use all spaces, or all tabs, for indents. If you mix spaces and tabs, anything can happen. For this reason, Python 3 is more strict and will raise an explicit error when it detects mixed spaces/tabs in an indent. See also the tabnanny tool provided with Python: [steve@ando ~]$ python -m tabnanny Usage: /usr/local/lib/python2.7/tabnanny.py [-v] file_or_directory ... -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Modules or Package for my application
On Tuesday, November 27, 2012 3:04:03 AM UTC-5, Stone wrote:
> Dear developers,
>
>
>
> I am creating application (originally written in perl)
>
> which will take care about replication from one system to the another system
> over command rsync. It will simulate High-availability solution.
>
>
>
> The application will contains main module called like ha.py
>
> and another modules will have names Replication.py, Trace.py, Misc.py,
> Procs.py, Constants.py, Lan.py, Display.py
>
>
>
> My questions are:
>
> 1) When I would like to make a global logging to the one file is it enough to
> do that like
>
> TRACE='/var/ha/log/sso_trace.log'
>
> logger = logging.getLogger('sso')
>
> hdrl = logging.FileHandler(TRACE)
>
> formatter = logging.Formatter('%{asctime}s %{levelname}s %{message}s')
>
> hdrl.setFormatter(formatter)
>
> logger.addHandler(hdrl)
>
> logger.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
>
> and make for them one module or how to solve that?
>
> How to call that logger from all modules / packages?
>
> Is it necessary to create alone module?
>
>
>
> 2) Is it package necessary or simply modules are enough
>
> - Replication.py will take care about alone replication
>
> - Procs.py will take care about some processes
>
> - Constants.py will take care about definition of global constants
>
> - Lan.py will take care about LAN definition
>
> - Dipslay.py will take care about showing screen (GUI or text_based)
>
> 3) How / where to define global variables?
>
>
>
> best regards
>
> Petr
If you create the logger in your main module and this main module imports the
other modules, the logger should be available, to the imported modules, by the
name "sso". Now in the other modules, you get the logger using logger =
logging.getLogger("sso").
In the end, I would probably put all these modules in a package and use a
logging config file. Define a logger with the same name as your root package
and in each module, within the package, just use "logger =
logging.getLogger(__name__)"
http://docs.python.org/2/howto/logging.html#logging-advanced-tutorial
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Re: Imaging libraries in active development?
On Wed, 2012-11-28, Christian Heimes wrote: > Am 28.11.2012 19:14, schrieb Michael Torrie: >> I'm curious. What features do you need that pil doesn't have? Other >> than updating pil to fix bugs, support new image types or new versions >> of Python, what kind of active development do you think it needs to >> have? Maybe pil has all the features the original author wanted and is >> pretty stable. To judge a package on how fast it's changing seems a bit >> odd to me. Not to me -- the slower the change, the better! >> Obviously you want to know that bugs can get fixed of >> course. Perhaps none have been reported recently. > > PIL is missing a bunch of features like proper TIFF support (no > multipage, g3/g4 compression and more), JPEG 2000, I thought those formats were dead since about a decade? (Ok, I know TIFF has niches, but JPEG 2000?) > RAW and HDR image > formats, tone mapping, proper ICC support, PEP 3128 buffer support ... I won't comment on those, but they seem likely to be valid complaints. > PIL is also rather slow. My smc.freeimage library can write JPEGs about > six times faster, because it uses libjpeg-turbo. Only some Linux > distributions have replaced libjpeg with the turbo implementation. That seems like an argument for *not* having support for many file formats in the imaging library itself -- just pipeline into the best standalone utilities available. /Jorgen -- // Jorgen GrahnO o . -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: please help me to debud my local chat network program
On Wed, 2012-11-28, Chris Angelico wrote: > On Wed, Nov 28, 2012 at 1:50 PM, Minh Dang wrote: >> Hello everybody, i am doing my project: local network chat using python >> here is my file >> http://www.mediafire.com/?cc2g9tmsju0ba2m > > Hmm. Might I recommend some other means of sharing your code? The > unrar-free utility from the Debian repo won't extract more than the > first file (accounts.txt), and I don't know if that's a problem with > unrar-free or your file. A better-known format like zip or tar.gz > would make things easier. Or a Git repository at github.com or similar. /Jorgen -- // Jorgen GrahnO o . -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Exponential arrival distribution in Python
Hi all, I am doing a project on traffic simulation. I want to introduce exponential arrival distribution to precede this task. Therefore I want write a code in python for exponential arrival distribution. I am very new for programming and if anybody can help me on this that would be great. Cheers, Ricky -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: re.search when used within an if/else fails
On Wed, 28 Nov 2012 14:08:15 -0600, Evan Driscoll wrote: > I'm only entering this thread now so I'm not really in context, but > you're correct; in Python 3, -tt is set by default, which makes illegal > mixing an error. > > However, not all mixing is illegal: what it means by "code that > illegally mixes tabs and spaces" is "code whose interpretation differs > depending upon the interpretation of the tab width". While I'm not going > to go test it, I think that if you, say, indent from the first to the > second level with tabs (consistently), indent from the second to third > level with spaces (consistently), and indent from the third to fourth > level with tabs (consistently), it should not complain. Correct, which disappoints me. Testing with Python 3: py> if True: ... if True: # tab ... pass # tab, then four spaces ... py> I would prefer that the "pass" line would fail with an illegal indent, but it does not. But at least the following fails cleanly: py> if True: ... if True: # tab ... pass # tab, then four spaces ... pass # two spaces, tab, four spaces File "", line 4 pass # two spaces, tab, four spaces ^ TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation > Or perhaps I > should say "it should complain that you're a bad person and should feel > bad, but it won't." :-) (In fact, you could indent one block at the > second level with tabs and another with spaces.) I don't mind different blocks using different indentation. You have always been able to do this: py> if True: ... pass # eight spaces ... py> if True: ... pass # two spaces ... py> If you don't like that, don't do it! Consistent indentation globally per file is a matter for coding conventions. However, I think that within a single block, Python should enforce "all tabs" or "all spaces". Perhaps it would be nice if Python honoured a directive setting indent style to spaces or indents, as it honours source code encoding lines: # -*- indent: -*- Where could be one of: space[s]Only accept spaces in indentation tab[s] Only accept tabs in indentation mixed Accept "mixed" tabs and spaces, but only if consistent with mixed the default for backward compatibility. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Exponential arrival distribution in Python
On Wed, Nov 28, 2012 at 2:34 PM, Ricky wrote: > > Hi all, > > I am doing a project on traffic simulation. I want to introduce > exponential arrival distribution to precede this task. Therefore I want > write a code in python for exponential arrival distribution. I am very new > for programming and if anybody can help me on this that would be great. > Are you looking for a PRNG using the the exponential distribution? The random module built into the standard library already implements this; see: http://docs.python.org/3/library/random.html#random.expovariate -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Exponential arrival distribution in Python
>> I am doing a project on traffic simulation. I want to introduce >> exponential arrival distribution to precede this task. Therefore I want >> write a code in python for exponential arrival distribution. I am very new >> for programming and if anybody can help me on this that would be great. First, I would suggest that you give yourself a GUI like tkinter, wxpython to visualize the data. An average of the sequential(averaged per 60 second intervals) traveled by drivers on the road, and at what times. Then, and I don't know why, but it seems you want a logarithmic, scale where: for i in range(0,4) print "%i = %i" % (i * 10 **i) -- Best Regards, David Hutto CEO: http://www.hitwebdevelopment.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Exponential arrival distribution in Python
I mean this one: for i in range(0,4): print "%i = %i" % (i * 10 **i) -- Best Regards, David Hutto CEO: http://www.hitwebdevelopment.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Tabs/spaces for indentation (was Re: re.search when used within an if/else fails)
On Thu, Nov 29, 2012 at 8:39 AM, Steven D'Aprano wrote: > Perhaps it would be nice if Python honoured a directive setting indent > style to spaces or indents, as it honours source code encoding lines: > > # -*- indent: -*- > > Where could be one of: > > space[s]Only accept spaces in indentation > tab[s] Only accept tabs in indentation > mixed Accept "mixed" tabs and spaces, but only if consistent > > with mixed the default for backward compatibility. I don't know that it needs to be a declaration like that; character encodings are critical to parsing the file, but newline-followed-by-tab and newline-followed-by-space are unambiguous. But it would be of value to have something like that, as editors could then be configured to respect it - set the editor to turn tab-key into N spaces but only if "indent tab" is not set, for instance. The question is, is it worth it? The main value would be when you're editing someone else's code. ChrisA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Exponential arrival distribution in Python
Hi, Ricky, Traffic simulation sounds like a good topic to use SimPy, which is a discrete-event simulation library in Python, c.f. http://simpy.sourceforge.net Professor Norm Matloff wrote a very good tutorial on SimPy, and you can download it here: http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/~matloff/simcourse.html Also, I've presented this SimPy package before, my slides might be helpful, http://alberthuang314.blogspot.tw/2012/01/simpy-slides-in-our-company-and-pyhug_26.html In short, SimPy is a process-oriented discrete-event simulation package, which will be easier to maintain than event-oriented discrete-event simulation. It also contains some tools to help us to visualize simulation data. It takes some time to study it, but if you would like to do some simulation projects, it will definitely be a good investment! Have fun with simulation! with Regards, Albert Huang Ricky writes: > Hi all, > > I am doing a project on traffic simulation. I want to introduce exponential > arrival distribution to precede this task. Therefore I want write a code in > python for exponential arrival distribution. I am very new for programming > and if anybody can help me on this that would be great. > > Cheers, > Ricky -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Exponential arrival distribution in Python
Ricky writes: > I am doing a project on traffic simulation. I want to introduce > exponential arrival distribution to precede this task. Therefore I > want write a code in python for exponential arrival distribution. I've never heard of an "exponential arrival distribution" and googling fails. Do you mean an exponential distribution, that describes the expected arrival times in a Poisson process? Python's "random" module has the random.expovariate function for that: http://docs.python.org/3/library/random.html If you want an actual (discrete) Poisson distribution, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson_distribution#Generating_Poisson-distributed_random_variables -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: re.search when used within an if/else fails
On Wed, Nov 28, 2012 at 5:20 PM, Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: > On 28 Nov 2012 21:39:03 GMT, Steven D'Aprano > declaimed the following in > gmane.comp.python.general:> py> if True: > > ... if True: # tab > > ... pass # tab, then four spaces > > ... pass # two spaces, tab, four spaces > > File "", line 4 > > pass # two spaces, tab, four spaces > >^ > > TabError: inconsistent use of tabs and spaces in indentation > > > > Unless there has been a major change in the parser... (I still > don't > have Python 3.x installed) > > I believe is expanded to 8-spaces -- NOT TO NEXT MULTIPLE OF > 8... > Next multiple of 8 is correct, according to the docs: Tabs are replaced (from left to right) by one to eight spaces such that the > total number of characters up to and including the replacement is a > multiple of eight (this is intended to be the same rule as used by Unix). > The total number of spaces preceding the first non-blank character then > determines the line’s indentation. Indentation cannot be split over > multiple physical lines using backslashes; the whitespace up to the first > backslash determines the indentation. > http://docs.python.org/3/reference/lexical_analysis.html#indentation Testing Steven's formulation with Python 2, I find that it runs without comment without the -tt option, but it raises the TabError with the -tt option. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: please help me to debud my local chat network program
ok, here is my code, zip http://www.mediafire.com/?ob4kokda81fj6xc -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Weird import failure with "nosetests --processes=1"
I've got a minimal test script:
-
$ cat test_foo.py
import pyza.models
print pyza.models
def test_foo():
pass
-
pyza.models is a package. Under normal conditions, I can import it fine:
$ python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Aug 1 2012, 05:14:39)
[GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pyza.models
>>> print pyza.models
>>>
But when I run nosetests in parallel mode, the import fails in a way
which has me baffled. What's going on here?
$ nosetests --processes=1 -s test_foo:test_foo
E
==
ERROR: Failure: AttributeError ('module' object has no attribute
'models')
--
Traceback (most recent call last):
File
"/home/roy/production/python/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nose/loade
r.py", line 390, in loadTestsFromName
addr.filename, addr.module)
File
"/home/roy/production/python/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nose/impor
ter.py", line 39, in importFromPath
return self.importFromDir(dir_path, fqname)
File
"/home/roy/production/python/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nose/impor
ter.py", line 86, in importFromDir
mod = load_module(part_fqname, fh, filename, desc)
File "/home/roy/songza/pyza/djapi/test_foo.py", line 2, in
print pyza.models
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'models'
--
Ran 1 test in 0.107s
FAILED (errors=1)
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.popen and the subprocess module
Andrew wrote: > >I'm working on a script that will run an executable obtaine the output > from the executable >and do some analysis on the output. Essentially the script runs the >executable analyses >the data. >I'm looking into os.popen and the subprocess module, implementing os.popen >is easy but i hear >it is depreciating however I'm finding the implemantation of subprocess >daunting can anyone help One of my favorite things about the subprocess module is that the introductory comments have examples of how to use subprocess to replace almost every use case for os.system and os.popen. -- Tim Roberts, t...@probo.com Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Imaging libraries in active development?
I take your point that not being actively developed doesn't necessarily mean that the software is bad - but in general healthy software is continuously updated and expanded to meet the needs of its users, or to take advantage of new algorithms or hardware. And in its current form PIL has a number of limitations: it doesn't allow linear filters of arbitrary size or shape, or non-linear filters (such as median filter) of arbitrary size. There doesn't seem to be built in support for standard imaging filters: Gaussian, Laplacian, LoG, edge detection, unsharp masking and so on. It doesn't seem to have support for color space conversions (RGB, YIQ, HSV etc). There don't seem to be standard edge detection routines (Laplacian of Gaussian, Canny, etc). And so on. Now maybe some of these can be found in other Python libraries, but I can't imagine I'm the only person who would ever want them in an imaging library. Other libraries (scipy.ndimage, scikits-image) do go a long way to addressing my concerns. Anyway, I was curious to know why PIL is lacking so much of what I would consider fairly fundamental imaging facilities, and why development seems to have stalled since 2009. On Thursday, 29 November 2012 05:14:30 UTC+11, Michael Torrie wrote: > On 11/28/2012 05:30 AM, Alasdair McAndrew wrote: > > > I'm investigating Python for image processing (having used Matlab, > > > then Octave for some years). And I'm spoiled for choice: PIL and its > > > fork pillow, scipy.ndimage, scikits-image, mahotas, the Python > > > interface to openCV... > > > > > > However, PIL doesn't seem to be in active development. What I want > > > to know is - what are the current "standard" libraries for image > > > processing in Python which are in active development? > > > > > > I have quite a few image processing student notes which I'm thinking > > > of converting to Python, but I'd like to use the most up-to-date > > > library. > > > > I'm curious. What features do you need that pil doesn't have? Other > > than updating pil to fix bugs, support new image types or new versions > > of Python, what kind of active development do you think it needs to > > have? Maybe pil has all the features the original author wanted and is > > pretty stable. To judge a package on how fast it's changing seems a bit > > odd to me. Obviously you want to know that bugs can get fixed of > > course. Perhaps none have been reported recently. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: deepcopy questions
lars van gemerden writes: > ... "deepcopy" dropping some items ... > Any ideas are still more then welcome, "deepcopy" is implemented in Python (rather than "C"). Thus, if necessary, you can debug what it is doing and thereby determine where the items have been dropped. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
