Re: Are Small Dogs Good with Kids?
Bob Martin, 07.02.2011 08:19: My two terriers absolutely love children. H, tasty ... Stefan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Are Small Dogs Good with Kids?
Not only does this have -nothing- to do with python, but you reproduced the spam yet again by quoting it... seriously? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Turbogears 2.1 with mako tmplates
Hi!, I am a python programmer. For web-based solutions, I have started learning TG 2.1 By and large, the documentation on TG 2.1 official site is a work-in-process. As regards to the templates, it tells how to go about Genshi. I wish to go with mako. Gone through the docs of mako (they are good). But still, it would be better if I can get a tutorial explaining using TG 2.1 with mako. (It will save me from re-inventing the wheel, if somebody has written docs on these lines). Can anybody point to any such tutorial? (I googled, but couldn't locate any convincing result). Thanks, Vineet -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
re.Scanner - match python dot notation
Hi, I am trying to find a regexp to be used with re.Scanner that matches the 'package.module.member' syntax. More specifically I want to parse function strings like numpy.sin(x*a+w) and sort out variables/constants. This one here works using re.match but fails when used with Scanner (due to the grouping () I guess). r'((?=.*[a-zA-Z])(?=.+[\.]).+)[\(\+\-]+' I highly appreciate your comments. Regards, christian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: returning all matching groups with re.search()
>>> import re
>>> help(re.findall)
Help on function findall in module re:
findall(pattern, string, flags=0)
Return a list of all non-overlapping matches in the string.
If one or more groups are present in the pattern, return a
list of groups; this will be a list of tuples if the pattern
has more than one group.
Empty matches are included in the result.
>>> re.findall('e','fredbarneybettywilma')
['e', 'e', 'e']
--
Mauro Cáceres
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: re.Scanner - match python dot notation
On 07/02/2011 15:34, Christian K. wrote: Hi, I am trying to find a regexp to be used with re.Scanner that matches the 'package.module.member' syntax. More specifically I want to parse function strings like numpy.sin(x*a+w) and sort out variables/constants. This one here works using re.match but fails when used with Scanner (due to the grouping () I guess). r'((?=.*[a-zA-Z])(?=.+[\.]).+)[\(\+\-]+' I highly appreciate your comments. Regards, christian I'm not sure about your regex, but I'd probably use this: r'[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*(?:\.[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*)*' -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: itertools.groupby usage to get structured data
On Feb 5, 7:12 am, Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de> wrote:
> Slafs wrote:
> > Hi there!
>
> > I'm having trouble to wrap my brain around this kind of problem:
>
> > What I have :
> > 1) list of dicts
> > 2) list of keys that i would like to be my grouping arguments of
> > elements from 1)
> > 3) list of keys that i would like do "aggregation" on the elements
> > of 1) with some function e.g. sum
>
> > For instance i got:
> > 1) [ { 'g1' : 1, 'g2' : 8, 's_v1' : 5.0, 's_v2' : 3.5 },
> > { 'g1' : 1, 'g2' : 9, 's_v1' : 2.0, 's_v2' : 3.0 },
> > {'g1' : 2, 'g2' : 8, 's_v1' : 6.0, 's_v2' : 8.0}, ... ]
> > 2) ['g1', 'g2']
> > 3) ['s_v1', 's_v2']
>
> > To be precise 1) is a result of a values_list method from a QuerySet
> > in Django; 2) is the arguments for that method; 3) those are the
> > annotation keys. so 1) is a result of:
> > qs.values_list('g1', 'g2').annotate(s_v1=Sum('v1'), s_v2=Sum('v2'))
>
> > What i want to have is:
> > a "big" nested dictionary with 'g1' values as 1st level keys and a
> > dictionary of aggregates and "subgroups" in it.
>
> > In my example it would be something like this:
> > {
> > 1 : {
> > 's_v1' : 7.0,
> > 's_v2' : 6.5,
> > 'g2' :{
> > 8 : {
> > 's_v1' : 5.0,
> > 's_v2' : 3.5 },
> > 9 : {
> > 's_v1' : 2.0,
> > 's_v2' : 3.0 }
> > }
> > },
> > 2 : {
> > 's_v1' : 6.0,
> > 's_v2' : 8.0,
> > 'g2' : {
> > 8 : {
> > 's_v1' : 6.0,
> > 's_v2' : 8.0}
> > }
> > },
> > ...
> > }
>
> > # notice the summed values of s_v1 and s_v2 when g1 == 1
>
> > I was looking for a solution that would let me do that kind of
> > grouping with variable lists of 2) and 3) i.e. having also 'g3' as
> > grouping element so the 'g2' dicts could also have their own
> > "subgroup" and be even more nested then.
> > I was trying something with itertools.groupby and updating nested
> > dicts, but as i was writing the code it started to feel too verbose to
> > me :/
>
> > Do You have any hints maybe? because i'm kind of stucked :/
>
> > Regards
>
> > Sławek
>
> Not super-efficient, but simple:
>
> $ cat python sumover.py
> cat: python: No such file or directory
> data = [ { 'g1' : 1, 'g2' : 8, 's_v1' : 5.0, 's_v2' : 3.5 },
> { 'g1' : 1, 'g2' : 9, 's_v1' : 2.0, 's_v2' : 3.0 },
> {'g1' : 2, 'g2' : 8, 's_v1' : 6.0, 's_v2' : 8.0}]
> sum_over = ["s_v1", "s_v2"]
> group_by = ["g1", "g2"]
>
> wanted = {
> 1 : {
> 's_v1' : 7.0,
> 's_v2' : 6.5,
> 'g2' :{
> 8 : {
> 's_v1' : 5.0,
> 's_v2' : 3.5 },
> 9 : {
> 's_v1' : 2.0,
> 's_v2' : 3.0 }
> }
> },
> 2 : {
> 's_v1' : 6.0,
> 's_v2' : 8.0,
> 'g2' : {
> 8 : {
> 's_v1' : 6.0,
> 's_v2' : 8.0}
> }
> },
>
> }
>
> def calc(data, group_by, sum_over):
> tree = {}
> group_by = group_by + [None]
> for item in data:
> d = tree
> for g in group_by:
> for so in sum_over:
> d[so] = d.get(so, 0.0) + item[so]
> if g:
> d = d.setdefault(g, {}).setdefault(item[g], {})
> return tree
>
> got = calc(data, group_by, sum_over)[group_by[0]]
> assert got == wanted
> $ python sumover.py
> $
>
> Untested.
Very clever. I didn't understand how it worked until I rewrote it like
this:
def calc(data, group_by, sum_over):
tree = {}
group_by = [None] + group_by
for item in data:
d = tree
for g in group_by:
if g:
d = d.setdefault(g, {}).setdefault(item[g], {})
for so in sum_over:
d[so] = d.get(so, 0.0) + item[so]
return tree
Processing "None" in the last round of the loop was throwing me off.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: re.Scanner - match python dot notation
Christian K. wrote: > I am trying to find a regexp to be used with re.Scanner that matches the > 'package.module.member' syntax. More specifically I want to parse > function strings like > > numpy.sin(x*a+w) > > and sort out variables/constants. No direct answer, but regarding your ultimate goal the ast module might be a better starting point. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
splitting by double newline
Hello everybody,
I'd like to split a file by double newlines, but portably. Now,
splitting by one or more newlines is relatively easy:
self.tables = re.split("[\r\n]+", bulk)
But, how can I split on double newlines? I tried several approaches,
but none worked...
--
"Now the storm has passed over me
I'm left to drift on a dead calm sea
And watch her forever through the cracks in the beams
Nailed across the doorways of the bedrooms of my dreams"
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: splitting by double newline
On Feb 7, 10:43 am, Nikola Skoric wrote:
> Hello everybody,
>
> I'd like to split a file by double newlines, but portably. Now,
> splitting by one or more newlines is relatively easy:
>
> self.tables = re.split("[\r\n]+", bulk)
>
> But, how can I split on double newlines? I tried several approaches,
> but none worked...
self.tables = re.split(r'(?:\r\n){2,}|\r{2,}|\n{2,}', bulk)
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Remove whitespaces and line breaks in a XML file
Hi, I´m parsing an xml file with xml.etree. It works correctly, but I have a problem with the text attribute of the elements which should be empty. For example, in this case: Ken The text element of book should be empty, but it returns me some whitespaces and break lines. I can´t get remove these whitespaces without remove information. Some idea? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: splitting by double newline
Nikola Skoric wrote:
> Hello everybody,
>
> I'd like to split a file by double newlines, but portably. Now,
> splitting by one or more newlines is relatively easy:
>
> self.tables = re.split("[\r\n]+", bulk)
>
> But, how can I split on double newlines? I tried several approaches,
> but none worked...
If you open the file in universal newline mode with
with open(filename, "U") as f:
bulk = f.read()
your data will only contain "\n". You can then split with
blocks = bulk.split("\n\n") # exactly one empty line
or
blocks = re.compile(r"\n{2,}").split(bulk) # one or more empty lines
One last variant that doesn't read in the whole file and accepts lines with
only whitespace as empty:
with open(filename, "U") as f:
blocks = ("".join(group) for empty, group in itertools.groupby(f,
key=str.isspace) if not empty)
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: re.Scanner - match python dot notation
Am 07.02.11 17:47, schrieb MRAB: On 07/02/2011 15:34, Christian K. wrote: Hi, I am trying to find a regexp to be used with re.Scanner that matches the 'package.module.member' syntax. More specifically I want to parse function strings like numpy.sin(x*a+w) and sort out variables/constants. This one here works using re.match but fails when used with Scanner (due to the grouping () I guess). r'((?=.*[a-zA-Z])(?=.+[\.]).+)[\(\+\-]+' I highly appreciate your comments. Regards, christian I'm not sure about your regex, but I'd probably use this: r'[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*(?:\.[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*)*' Perfect, thanks. I changed the last * to a + so that the string must contain a '.' to match. Christian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Turbogears 2.1 with mako tmplates
On 2011-02-07 07:13:43 -0800, Vineet Deodhar said: For web-based solutions, I have started learning TG 2.1 By and large, the documentation on TG 2.1 official site is a work-in-process. As regards to the templates, it tells how to go about Genshi. I wish to go with mako. Gone through the docs of mako (they are good). But still, it would be better if I can get a tutorial explaining using TG 2.1 with mako. (It will save me from re-inventing the wheel, if somebody has written docs on these lines). Can anybody point to any such tutorial? (I googled, but couldn't locate any convincing result). I believe you will have signifigantly greater success having TurboGears questions answered when asked on the appropriate forum: http://groups.google.com/group/turbogears — Alice. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Universal Feed Browser problem in feedparser.py
I am running Python 2.6 on a Windows Vista (32-bit) platform. I recently
installed the Universal Feed Parser package (feedparser-5-0). When I try to
execute the following commands:
>>> import feedparser
>>> d = feedparser.parse("http://feedparser.org/docs/examples/atom10.xml";)
which is given at http://www.feedparser.org/
I get an Assertion error in the following function in feedparser.py
def __getattr__(self, key):
try:
return self.__dict__[key]
except KeyError:
pass
try:
assert not key.startswith('_') <--- Error occurs when this
statement is executed.
return self.__getitem__(key)
except:
raise AttributeError, "object has no attribute '%s'" % key
Why does the error occur and how should he be corrected?
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Fully functioning email client in Python
On 2/5/2011 5:34 PM, iaoua iaoua wrote: What I really need is a ready made fully functional Python client that already has it that offers me a simple interface to extract text from received messages along with a message id that I can use to associate the response to a question with and allows me to send out new questions or answers along with a message id I can use to track future responses with. I need something that already has the whole shebang. Can support POP3, IMAP, SSL authentication, message threading etc. It sounds like you need an SMTP receiving server and an SMTP sender, not a user-type client. See http://docs.python.org/library/smtpd.html for a simple server that will handle incoming messages, and http://docs.python.org/library/smtplib.html for an SMTP sender that can reply to them. Those are standard Python functions. You can run this on most server-type machines. It's best if you have an upstream server configured to do spam filtering and forwarding to your server, or you'll get vast amounts of junk coming into your system. Have the upstream machine forward to a nonstandard mail port (like "example.com:2525") if the server machine already has a mail server. This will allow the existing mail server to run. John Nagle -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Remove whitespaces and line breaks in a XML file
David Vicente, 07.02.2011 18:45:
I´m parsing an xml file with xml.etree. It works correctly, but I have a
problem with the text attribute of the elements which should be empty. For
example, in this case:
Ken
The text element of “book” should be empty, but it returns me some
whitespaces and break lines. I can´t get remove these whitespaces without
remove information.
Only a DTD (or schema) can provide the information which whitespace in an
XML document is meaningful and which isn't, so there is no generic way to
"do it right", especially not for something as generic as an XML parser.
What may work for you is to check if an Element has children and only
whitespace as text ("not el.text or not el.text.strip()"), and only then
replace it by None.
Stefan
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: splitting by double newline
Dana Mon, 07 Feb 2011 19:20:38 +0100, Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de> kaze: > with open(filename, "U") as f: Oh, fabulous. Thanks! -- "Now the storm has passed over me I'm left to drift on a dead calm sea And watch her forever through the cracks in the beams Nailed across the doorways of the bedrooms of my dreams" -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Universal Feed Browser problem in feedparser.py
> >>> import feedparser
> >>> d = feedparser.parse("http://feedparser.org/docs/examples/atom10.xml";)
This works for me, are you sure it's not a network problem in your side?
(what happens if you try to open this link in a browser?)
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: splitting by double newline
Dana Mon, 7 Feb 2011 10:02:05 -0800 (PST),
Ian kaze:
> self.tables = re.split(r'(?:\r\n){2,}|\r{2,}|\n{2,}', bulk)
Thanks!
I tried without "?:", but it didn't work. Can you tell me why is it
important that group is noncapturing?
--
"Now the storm has passed over me
I'm left to drift on a dead calm sea
And watch her forever through the cracks in the beams
Nailed across the doorways of the bedrooms of my dreams"
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
PIL Open Problem
I'm trying to create an image for use in Tkinter. If I understand the PIL documentation correctly, I first need to import Image, then create an instance of the Image class and call 'open' (this according to the documentation). When I try to do this using the model in the documentation, I get: Traceback (most recent call last): File "todo.py", line 202, in im = Image.open(cwd + r'\delete.GIF', 'r') AttributeError: class Image has no attribute 'open' where 'cwd' is the current working directory obtained using the os module. When I import Image into IDLE and enter help(Image.open), IDLE is quite happy to give me the info about the function. Can someone point out to me the folly of my ways? TIA! Dick Holmes -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Why not "list = ftplib.FTP.dir()" ?
I don't know if it is ftplib or just me, but something feels terribly wrong in this: from ftplib import FTP > from functools import partial > > class MyFTP(FTP): > def dir(self): > l = [] > super(MyFTP, self).dir(partial(lambda l, e: l.append(e.split()), l)) > return l > Unfortunately 'MLSD' is not available in the server I have to use. (I need to get the list of folders and files modified since last access, hence split). Cheers. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PIL Open Problem
On 02/07/2011 05:27 PM, Richard Holmes wrote: > I'm trying to create an image for use in Tkinter. If I understand the > PIL documentation correctly, I first need to import Image, then > create an instance of the Image class and call 'open' Don't do that. This is wrong: import Image im = Image.Image() im = im.open(foo) This is good: import Image im = Image.open(foo) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Why not "list = ftplib.FTP.dir()" ?
On Mon, Feb 7, 2011 at 3:26 PM, trylks wrote: > I don't know if it is ftplib or just me, but something feels terribly wrong > in this: > >> from ftplib import FTP >> from functools import partial >> >> class MyFTP(FTP): >> def dir(self): >> l = [] >> super(MyFTP, self).dir(partial(lambda l, e: l.append(e.split()), l)) >> return l No need to use partial here. You can simplify that to: super(MyFTP, self).dir(lambda e: l.append(e.split())) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PIL Open Problem
Richard Holmes writes: > I'm trying to create an image for use in Tkinter. If I understand the > PIL documentation correctly, I first need to import Image, then > create an instance of the Image class and call 'open' (this according > to the documentation). When I try to do this using the model in the > documentation, I get: Please show the code you used that generated this traceback. > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "todo.py", line 202, in > im = Image.open(cwd + r'\delete.GIF', 'r') > AttributeError: class Image has no attribute 'open' The line of code shown in the traceback is calling the ‘open’ method on the ‘Image’ class – which has no such method, as the error tells you. > Can someone point out to me the folly of my ways? It will be much easier when we see some code. Post a minimal, working example that still shows the behaviour you want explained. -- \ “If you make people think they're thinking, they'll love you; | `\ but if you really make them think, they'll hate you.” —Donald | _o__) Robert Perry Marquis | Ben Finney -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: splitting by double newline
On 07/02/2011 21:15, Nikola Skoric wrote:
Dana Mon, 7 Feb 2011 10:02:05 -0800 (PST),
Ian kaze:
self.tables = re.split(r'(?:\r\n){2,}|\r{2,}|\n{2,}', bulk)
Thanks!
I tried without "?:", but it didn't work. Can you tell me why is it
important that group is noncapturing?
The scanner uses capture groups to identify which part matched. If you
provide additional capture groups it has problems...
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PIL Open Problem
On Mon, 07 Feb 2011 17:28:45 -0500, Corey Richardson wrote: >On 02/07/2011 05:27 PM, Richard Holmes wrote: >> I'm trying to create an image for use in Tkinter. If I understand the >> PIL documentation correctly, I first need to import Image, then >> create an instance of the Image class and call 'open' > >Don't do that. This is wrong: > >import Image >im = Image.Image() >im = im.open(foo) > >This is good: > >import Image >im = Image.open(foo) Uh, thanks, Corey, but that's what I'm doing. See Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last): File "todo.py", line 202, in im = Image.open(cwd + r'\delete.GIF', 'r') AttributeError: class Image has no attribute 'open' -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PIL Open Problem
Richard Holmes writes: > On Mon, 07 Feb 2011 17:28:45 -0500, Corey Richardson > wrote: > >This is good: > > > >import Image > >im = Image.open(foo) > Uh, thanks, Corey, but that's what I'm doing. See Traceback: Without code, we can't see what you're doing. Please post a minimal working example that demonstrates the behaviour you want explained. -- \ “Always do right. This will gratify some people, and astonish | `\the rest.” —Mark Twain | _o__) | Ben Finney -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PIL Open Problem
On Tue, 08 Feb 2011 09:47:32 +1100, Ben Finney wrote: >Richard Holmes writes: > >> I'm trying to create an image for use in Tkinter. If I understand the >> PIL documentation correctly, I first need to import Image, then >> create an instance of the Image class and call 'open' (this according >> to the documentation). When I try to do this using the model in the >> documentation, I get: > >Please show the code you used that generated this traceback. > >> Traceback (most recent call last): >> File "todo.py", line 202, in >> im = Image.open(cwd + r'\delete.GIF', 'r') >> AttributeError: class Image has no attribute 'open' > >The line of code shown in the traceback is calling the open method on >the Image class which has no such method, as the error tells you. > >> Can someone point out to me the folly of my ways? > >It will be much easier when we see some code. Post a minimal, working >example that still shows the behaviour you want explained. Thanks, Ben. It turns out that I imported both Image and Tkinter and Tkinter has an Image class that masked the Image class in the Image module. I solved the problem by moving the Image code to a separate module -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: socket.rcv timeout while-loop
Dear Stephen, Thanks for telling me this all looked very peculiar. As you said, it did not really need solving. Cheers, Dwayne 2011/2/4 Stephen Hansen > On 2/4/11 9:16 AM, Dwayne Blind wrote: > > @ Stephen Hansen > > Now I am pretty much worried. :'( > > Why? This is all sounding like a problem that isn't actually a problem. > > I think you may have over-analyzed yourself into a corner and think you > have something to solve which doesn't really need solving. :) > > -- > > Stephen Hansen > ... Also: Ixokai > ... Mail: me+list/python (AT) ixokai (DOT) io > ... Blog: http://meh.ixokai.io/ > > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Remove whitespaces and line breaks in a XML file
I found the code posted at http://infix.se/2007/02/06/gentlemen-indent-your-xml quite helpful in turning my xml into human-readable structures. It works best for XML-Data. Josh -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PIL Open Problem
On Feb 7, 5:35 pm, Richard Holmes wrote: > Thanks, Ben. It turns out that I imported both Image and Tkinter and > Tkinter has an Image class that masked the Image class in the Image > module. I solved the problem by moving the Image code to a separate > module Yes an another great example of why "from Tkinter import *" is a very *very* bad idea. Use "import Tkinter as tk" to solve the dilemma. No need to export code to another module. Next time you have an object that should have an attribute but does not, print the repr() of the object to find out what you are working with before clawing your eyeballs out in frustration :). >>> from Tkinter import * >>> Image use the repr() function in a script ... print repr(Image) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PIL Open Problem
Richard Holmes writes: > Thanks, Ben. It turns out that I imported both Image and Tkinter and > Tkinter has an Image class that masked the Image class in the Image > module. I solved the problem by moving the Image code to a separate > module This is a classic problem known as “namespace clobbering”. It is best to *avoid* the recommendations made in many libraries of ‘from foo import *’, because that will clobber any names in your namespace that happen to match names in the ‘foo’ module. Rather, import Tkinter and PIL as distinct namespaces:: >>> import PIL.Image >>> import Tkinter as tk >>> tk.Image >>> PIL.Image >> '/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/PIL/Image.pyc'> and then you know that none of the names from those modules will clobber existing ones. -- \ “Those who write software only for pay should go hurt some | `\ other field.” —Erik Naggum, in _gnu.misc.discuss_ | _o__) | Ben Finney -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Why not "list = ftplib.FTP.dir()" ?
On Feb 7, 4:48 pm, Ian Kelly wrote: > On Mon, Feb 7, 2011 at 3:26 PM, trylks wrote: > > I don't know if it is ftplib or just me, but something feels terribly wrong > > in this: > > >> from ftplib import FTP > >> from functools import partial > > >> class MyFTP(FTP): > >> def dir(self): > >> l = [] > >> super(MyFTP, self).dir(partial(lambda l, e: l.append(e.split()), l)) > >> return l > > No need to use partial here. You can simplify that to: > > super(MyFTP, self).dir(lambda e: l.append(e.split())) Why not...? MyFTP.dir(self, lambda e: l.append(e.split())) ...super is not needed when you "know" the name of the object. And now (without super) you can "see" the path of self just as Guido intended! super can be super confusing to noobs. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PIL Open Problem
On Mon, 2011-02-07 at 15:54 -0800, rantingrick wrote: > On Feb 7, 5:35 pm, Richard Holmes wrote: > > > Thanks, Ben. It turns out that I imported both Image and Tkinter and > > Tkinter has an Image class that masked the Image class in the Image > > module. I solved the problem by moving the Image code to a separate > > module > > Yes an another great example of why "from Tkinter import *" is a very > *very* bad idea. Use "import Tkinter as tk" to solve the dilemma. No > need to export code to another module. Next time you have an object > that should have an attribute but does not, print the repr() of the > object to find out what you are working with before clawing your > eyeballs out in frustration :). > > > >>> from Tkinter import * > >>> Image > > > > use the repr() function in a script ... print repr(Image) Or just print(Image). print() automatically calls str() on an object. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PIL Open Problem
On Tue, 08 Feb 2011 10:56:52 +1100, Ben Finney wrote: >Richard Holmes writes: > >> Thanks, Ben. It turns out that I imported both Image and Tkinter and >> Tkinter has an Image class that masked the Image class in the Image >> module. I solved the problem by moving the Image code to a separate >> module > >This is a classic problem known as namespace clobbering. > >It is best to *avoid* the recommendations made in many libraries of >from foo import *, because that will clobber any names in your >namespace that happen to match names in the foo module. > >Rather, import Tkinter and PIL as distinct namespaces:: > >>>> import PIL.Image >>>> import Tkinter as tk >>>> tk.Image > >>>> PIL.Image >>>> '/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/PIL/Image.pyc'> > >and then you know that none of the names from those modules will clobber >existing ones. Thanks. Message understood. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
smtpd bug?
I've been using smtpd.py to implement a kind of cowboy SMTP server (only overriding process_message), and inevitably after a certain time the server stops accepting incoming connections: the socket on which it was formerly listening gets closed. I ran it using strace and discovered that it would get ENOTCONN on some just-accepted socket in a call to getpeername(), and then close the *listening* socket. This seems to be caused by the line channel = SMTPChannel(self, conn, addr) in smtpd.py and handle_error() in the definition of asyncore.dispatcher, which finishes by calling self.handle_close() [1]. The result of this is that when the call to getpeername() in the constructor for SMTPChannel raises ENOTCONN (or any other exception), it unwinds via asyncore.dispatcher.handle_read_event(), to asyncore.read(), where the SMTPServer instance gets its handle_error method called on it, eventually closing its listening socket. But the error was in the socket we just accepted---not the listening socket. [1] I'm actually using python2.4, since that's what's installed on the server; there, the handle_error() method simply finishes by calling self.close(). In fact, AFAICT, there's another problem in 3.1: neither asyncore.dispatcher nor smtpd.SMTPServer (nor any of its subclasses in smtpd.py) defines a method handle_close(); asyncore.dispatcher passes attribute lookups to its socket object via __getattr__, but sockets don't have a handle_close method either---so it seems as if, if handle_close() is ever called, it'll just generate a new error. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
