Re: Inheritance confusion
On 19 Apr., 08:37, Hook <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "./3.py", line 20, in
> Obj.Connect ('Database')
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/DB_m.py", line 102, in Connect
> self.TRACE ("DB::Connect (" + database + "," + mode)
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/Hook_m.py", line 314, in TRACE
> self.DailyLog (msg)
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/Hook_m.py", line 98, in
> DailyLog
> dt = self.Date (time ())
> TypeError: 'module' object is not callable
>
> Googling the "TypeError" message suggests that I've got a module and
> class with the same name, but I can't see that I have.
The error message just says that you have called a module which is
time in this case.
Just replace the call to time by time.time() and it shall work.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Inheritance confusion
Hook wrote:
> When I run the script I get this:
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "./3.py", line 20, in
> Obj.Connect ('Database')
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/DB_m.py", line 102, in Connect
> self.TRACE ("DB::Connect (" + database + "," + mode)
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/Hook_m.py", line 314, in TRACE
> self.DailyLog (msg)
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/Hook_m.py", line 98, in
> DailyLog
> dt = self.Date (time ())
> TypeError: 'module' object is not callable
>
>
> Googling the "TypeError" message suggests that I've got a module and
> class with the same name, but I can't see that I have.
>
> Can someone point me in the right direction please?
Read the traceback ;) Here's a hint:
>>> import time
>>> time()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
TypeError: 'module' object is not callable
>>> time.time()
1208588011.7017989
Peter
--
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Re: Inheritance confusion
On Apr 19, 12:37 am, Hook <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I'm having a problem with multiple inheritance - it's clearly something
> I've missed, but the web pages and books that I've consulted aren't
> helping, so I'll throw myself on the mercy and collective wisdom of
> Usenet!
>
> I've got 4 files (what I'll show has the active content removed for
> brevity):
>
> Errors_m.py
> ~~~
> class Errors (object) :
> def __init__ (self, params) :
> pass
>
> def Error (self, string) :
> return 100
>
> DT_m.py
> ~~~
> class DT (object) :
> def __init__ (self, params) :
> pass
>
> def Date (self, epoch, pattern = 'd mmm ') :
> dt = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp (epoch)
>
> Hook_m.py
> ~
> from DT_m import DT
> from Error_m import Errors
>
> class Hook (Errors, DT) :
> def __init__ (self, params) :
> DT.__init__ (self, params)
> Errors.__init__ (self, params)
>
> DB_m.py
> ~~~
> from Hook_m import Hook
>
> class DB (Hook) :
> def __init__ (self, params) :
> Hook.__init__ (self, params)
>
> And a test script:
>
> #!/usr/bin/python
>
> import os
> import re
> import string
> import sys
>
> from DB_m import DB
>
> Dict = dict ()
> Dict ['logdir'] = '/tmp/log'
> Dict ['diag'] = 1
>
> Obj = DB (Dict)
> print dir (Obj)
> Obj.Connect ('Database')
>
> When I run the script I get this:
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "./3.py", line 20, in
> Obj.Connect ('Database')
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/DB_m.py", line 102, in Connect
> self.TRACE ("DB::Connect (" + database + "," + mode)
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/Hook_m.py", line 314, in TRACE
> self.DailyLog (msg)
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/Hook_m.py", line 98, in
> DailyLog
> dt = self.Date (time ())
> TypeError: 'module' object is not callable
>
> Googling the "TypeError" message suggests that I've got a module and
> class with the same name, but I can't see that I have.
>
> Can someone point me in the right direction please?
>
> If you need to see all the source, can do, but it's certainly too much
> for an intro message!
>
> Thanks,
>
> Hook
import time
time()
--output:--
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test1.py", line 3, in ?
time()
TypeError: 'module' object is not callable
Did you do that somewhere?
--
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Re: Inheritance confusion
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Hook <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I'm having a problem with multiple inheritance - it's clearly something
> I've missed, but the web pages and books that I've consulted aren't
> helping, so I'll throw myself on the mercy and collective wisdom of
> Usenet!
>
> I've got 4 files (what I'll show has the active content removed for
> brevity):
>
> Errors_m.py
> ~~~
> class Errors (object) :
> def __init__ (self, params) :
> pass
>
> def Error (self, string) :
> return 100
>
> DT_m.py
> ~~~
> class DT (object) :
> def __init__ (self, params) :
> pass
>
> def Date (self, epoch, pattern = 'd mmm ') :
> dt = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp (epoch)
>
> Hook_m.py
> ~
> from DT_m import DT
> from Error_m import Errors
>
> class Hook (Errors, DT) :
> def __init__ (self, params) :
> DT.__init__ (self, params)
> Errors.__init__ (self, params)
>
> DB_m.py
> ~~~
> from Hook_m import Hook
>
> class DB (Hook) :
> def __init__ (self, params) :
> Hook.__init__ (self, params)
>
>
> And a test script:
>
> #!/usr/bin/python
>
> import os
> import re
> import string
> import sys
>
> from DB_m import DB
>
> Dict = dict ()
> Dict ['logdir'] = '/tmp/log'
> Dict ['diag'] = 1
>
> Obj = DB (Dict)
> print dir (Obj)
> Obj.Connect ('Database')
>
>
> When I run the script I get this:
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "./3.py", line 20, in
> Obj.Connect ('Database')
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/DB_m.py", line 102, in Connect
> self.TRACE ("DB::Connect (" + database + "," + mode)
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/Hook_m.py", line 314, in TRACE
> self.DailyLog (msg)
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/Hook_m.py", line 98, in
> DailyLog
> dt = self.Date (time ())
> TypeError: 'module' object is not callable
>
>
> Googling the "TypeError" message suggests that I've got a module and
> class with the same name, but I can't see that I have.
For what it's worth, modules actually *are* allowed to contain a class
of the same name: for example, datetime.datetime.
Anyway, what this error message is actually trying to tell you is that
you are attempting to call a module as a function somewhere -- and in
this particular case, I think it's referring to the time module. Are
you sure that line 98 in Hook_m.py should not instead be:
dt = self.Date(time.time())
The time module contains a function, time(), which returns the current
Unix time (another example of a module containing an object of the same
name, incidentally); but you'll need to call this function as
"time.time()" unless you have prefaced your code with
from time import time
or
from time import *
Otherwise, the token "time" refers to the time module, which is not
callable, and not the desired function therein.
--
Mark Shroyer, http://markshroyer.com/contact/
Due to extreme spam, I block all articles originating from Google
Groups. If you want your postings to be seen by more readers you will
need to find a different means of posting on Usenet.
http://improve-usenet.org/
--
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Re: Inheritance confusion
Hook <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> I'm having a problem with multiple inheritance
You aren't alone. Multiple inheritance (MI) is difficult to implement,
and once implemented, usually difficult to understand and sometimes
counterintuitive.
I recommend you read and absorb the article "The Truth about super"
http://www.phyast.pitt.edu/~micheles/python/super.html> to
understand more about MI in Python.
However, there are more fundamental issues:
> I've got 4 files
That should be irrelevant to MI problems. Please refine your example
so that it's in one module, and still exhibits the problem.
> When I run the script I get this:
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "./3.py", line 20, in
> Obj.Connect ('Database')
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/DB_m.py", line 102, in Connect
> self.TRACE ("DB::Connect (" + database + "," + mode)
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/Hook_m.py", line 314, in TRACE
> self.DailyLog (msg)
> File "/mnt/isis/Projects/Python/Learning/Hook_m.py", line 98, in
> DailyLog
> dt = self.Date (time ())
> TypeError: 'module' object is not callable
No, you don't. That might be what you get from *your* code, but it's
not produced by the code you *posted*. (I know this if only because
none of your modules have a line 98 on which to raise an exception.)
So, since we don't have the code that generates that traceback, that
traceback isn't useful to us for diagnosing the problem.
> If you need to see all the source, can do, but it's certainly too
> much for an intro message!
Indeed. Instead, re-work your code (based on a copy) until it's as
simple as it can be, and *still* shows the problems when you execute
it. Then, if you still don't know why the traceback occurs, feel free
to post that minimal example with the corresponding traceback.
--
\ "Jury: A group of 12 people, who, having lied to the judge |
`\ about their health, hearing, and business engagements, have |
_o__)failed to fool him." -- Henry L. Mencken |
Ben Finney
--
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Re: How to print a unicode string?
> Is it possible to change an > environment variable, so that Python uses this coding automatically? No. > Or pass a command-line argument when Emacs python-mode invokes the > Python interpreter? No. > Or execute this line of Python in a startup script > which is invoked whenever a new Python session is started? Yes, you can add the code I suggested to sitecustomize.py. Regards, Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Tkinter, getting canvas-object, how?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] napisał(a):
> so i load a gif onto a canvas and when i click the canvs i want to get
> the color of the pixel that is clicked.
> so i need to ge the object im clicking.
> i was told in another thread to use find_withtag or find_closest but
> it is not working, maybe im using the
> method on the wrong object.
> how do i do this?
> and how do i then get specifics about that object, ie the pixel-color?
>
> Exception in Tkinter callback
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "C:\Python25\lib\lib-tk\Tkinter.py", line 1403, in __call__
> return self.func(*args)
> File "C:\Users\saftarn\Desktop\pythonkod\mapexperiments
> \mapgetobject.py", line 17, in callback
> undermouse=find_closest(master.CURRENT)
> NameError: global name 'find_closest' is not defined
>
> from Tkinter import *
>
> master = Tk()
>
> w = Canvas(master, width=400, height=625)
> w.pack(expand = YES, fill = BOTH)
>
> mapq = PhotoImage(file = 'C:\Users\saftarn\Desktop\Maps\provinces-of-
> sweden.gif')
> w.create_image(30, 30, image = mapq, anchor = NW)
>
> def key(event):
> print "pressed", repr(event.char)
>
> def callback(event):
> clobj=event.widget
> ##undermouse=find_withtag(master.CURRENT)
> undermouse=find_closest(master.CURRENT)
> print repr(undermouse)
>
> w.bind("", key)
> w.bind("", callback)
> w.pack()
>
> mainloop()
from Tkinter import *
master = Tk()
w = Canvas(master, width=400, height=625)
w.pack(expand = YES, fill = BOTH)
mapq = PhotoImage(file = 'img.gif')
_id = w.create_image(0, 0, image = mapq, anchor = NW)
objects = {} # map id to object
objects[_id] = mapq
def key(event):
print "pressed", repr(event.char)
def callback(event):
x, y = w.canvasx(event.x), w.canvasy(event.y) # Translates a
window x,y coordinates to a canvas coordinate
_id = w.find_closest(x,y)[0] # Returns tuple containing the object
id
obj = objects[_id] # Finds object with given id
print 'color: %s' % obj.get(int(x), int(y))
w.bind("", key)
w.bind("", callback)
w.pack()
mainloop()
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Re: python setup.py install on Vista?
Patrick Mullen wrote: > On Fri, Apr 18, 2008 at 4:29 PM, globalrev <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: >> type "python setup.py install" >> >> that is used in most "addons" for python. >> >> well using windows vista, where the h*** am i supposed to type this? >> >> if it is not doable in windows, what do i have to do instead? just >> clicking the setup.py-file never works. >> -- >> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list >> > > There are many problems with this on Vista. First, you need a command > prompt. You can go to "start menu->all programs->accessories->command > prompt" for this. But to install things in vista, you will likely > need to be an administrator, and windows won't automatically ask for > permission when typing "python setup.py install." So instead of > clicking on command prompt, right click it, and choose "run as > administrator". A faster way is to type "cmd" in the start menu > search area, and wait for "cmd.exe" to come up. Run that as > administrator. A quicker way to get an adminstrator command tool is to bring up the run dialog with Windows-R, enter "cmd" then hit CTRL/SHIFT/Enter. > > Once you have a command prompt, you can "cd" into the directory where > you want to install the extension. Then, "c:\python25\python setup.py > install" should work. If you are using 2.4 or 3.0, it would be > "c:\python24\python" or "c:\python30\python" etc. If you installed > python somewhere other than the default folder, then you will need to > enter that path. > > To make this process easier, when I want to install an extension, I > usually create a .bat file in the extension folder. Right click in > the folder and choose new->text file. Rename the file to > "install.bat". Right click the file and go to edit. Enter > "c:\python25\python setup.py install" into the file and save. Then > right click and choose run as administrator, and it should install. > You might add a "pause" line in the bat file as well, so that if it > has a problem installing, it will stay open so you can see the output. > > Your best solution is to uninstall vista and use linux :) You're right, Vista's a pain. regards Steve -- Steve Holden+1 571 484 6266 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: py3k concerns. An example
On Apr 18, 11:58 am, Aaron Watters <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Why is the migration to py3k a concern?
> For example I have libraries which use string%dictionary
> substitution where the dictionary is actually an object
> which emulates a dictionary. The __getitem__ for
> the object can be very expensive and is only called when
> needed by the string substitution.
>
> In py3k string%dictionary is going away. Why?
> I have no idea.
>
> The replacement is a string.format(...) method
> which supports dictionary calling.
> string.format(**dictionary)
> But dictionary
> calling doesn't support dictionary emulation.
> So in the example below the substitution works
> but the call fails.
>
> === code
>
> class fdict(dict):
> def __getitem__(self, item):
> return "got("+item+")"
>
> def fn(**d):
> print d["boogie"]
>
> if __name__=="__main__":
> fd = fdict()
> print "attempting string substitution with fake dictionary"
> print
> print "hello there %(boogie)s" % fd # <-- works
> print
> print "now attempting function call with fake dictionary"
> print
> fn(**fd) # <-- fails
>
> === output
>
> % python2.6 dtest.py
> attempting string substitution with fake dictionary
>
> hello there got(boogie)
>
> now attempting function call with fake dictionary
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "dtest.py", line 17, in
> fn(**fd)
> File "dtest.py", line 7, in fn
> print d["boogie"]
> KeyError: 'boogie'
>
> end of output
>
> Consequently there is no simple way to translate
> my code, I think. I suspect you will find this kind of subtle
> issue in many places. Or worse, you won't find it
> until after your program has been installed
> in production.
>
> It's a damn shame because
> if string%dict was just left in it wouldn't be an issue.
>
> Also, if making f(**d) support dict emulation
> has any negative performance implications
> then I don't want it please.
>
> sigh. -- Aaron Watters
If you don't like Python 3, DON'T USE IT.
It's been stated repeatedly that 2.x and 3.x are going to be supported
in parallel for years.
Refusing to use 3, thus casting your brain-share vote against it, is
far more likely to have an effect than you coming here and making
everyone's life miserable with your pitiful whining.
Carl Banks
--
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Re: Python Workshop
On Apr 14, 9:53 pm, "m.moghimi" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > On Apr 14, 5:15 pm, "Twayne" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > > > > > Hi, > > > > We are to hold a workshop about python (introduction). It will be two > > > one hour and half sessions. > > > I wanted to know which subjects do you suggest to be presented and is > > > there a good presentation file (powerpoint or ...) about this on the > > > net. > > > We thought that it may be good that first session covers the > > > introduction, zen of python, python coding syntax and the second > > > session will be about application, libraries or so. > > > I really appreciate if you tell me your ideas? > > > Depends; what's the experiene level of the audience? "Introductory" is > > a pretty vague concept; introductory to what audience? > > > -- > > -- > > Regards, > > > Twayne > > > Open Office isn't just for wimps anymore; > > OOo is a GREAT MS Office replacementwww.openoffice.org > > The audiences are computer engineering students who know programming > in c++ and some of them know java. any ideas? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 2.5 adoption
On Apr 18, 2:08 pm, Joseph Turian <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > How widely adopted is python 2.5? > > We are doing some development, and have a choice to make: > a) Use all the 2.5 features we want. > b) Maintain backwards compatability with 2.4. > > So I guess the question is, does anyone have a sense of what percent > of python users don't have 2.5? One possible barometer for the situation is what's the oldest version of Python to have been supported in the most bug-fix releases? ...In which case you need to maintain backwards compatibility with 2.3. (I bring this up to illustrate that if there are people clamoring for a 2.3 updates, there are probably quite a few supporting 2.4 as well.) Carl Banks -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 2.5 adoption
On Apr 19, 3:16 am, Joseph Turian <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Basically, we're planning on releasing it as open-source, and don't > want to alienate a large percentage of potential users. How about Java users? Jython was recently at 2.2 (still is for all I know). I'm pleased they've got that far because I like to know that my code can run under Java and I like generators. My web host uses 1.5.2. That is painful. If you're assuming your potential users already have 2.4 then the chances are they'll have upgraded to 2.5 by the time you've finished anyway. Graham -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
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Re: TypeNone field detection
On Wed, 16 Apr 2008 21:13:18 -0400, Steve Holden wrote: > > Since there is only one instance of TypeNone (the value we reference as > None) the easiest test is > >if x is None: > Thanks... the "if x is None:" statement is exactly what I was looking for. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 2.5 adoption
Joseph Turian wrote: > Basically, we're planning on releasing it as open-source, and don't > want to alienate a large percentage of potential users. Then develop for 2.5 with an eye on what is to come this year in 2.6 with regard to already planned deprecations. - Paddy. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 2.5 adoption
On Apr 18, 2:16 pm, Joseph Turian <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Basically, we're planning on releasing it as open-source, and don't > want to alienate a large percentage of potential users. 99% is a big percent. My 1% doesn't like something. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
winreg module, need help to understand why i'm getting exception
HI all, i found winreg module from http://www.rutherfurd.net/python/winreg/index.html very useful and simple, instead _winreg. But i have a problem with this module, in its iterable part. look at the following code key = Key(HKLM,r"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Enum") for i in key.values: print i.value and that is the exception Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\.Projects\python\temp.py", line 21, in for i in key.values: File "C:\Python25\Lib\site-packages\winreg.py", line 451, in next return self.values[self.index - 1] File "C:\Python25\Lib\site-packages\winreg.py", line 289, in __getitem__ name = _winreg.EnumValue(self.hkey, key)[0] WindowsError: [Error 259] No more data is available so there is some problem with iterate, i think i am still a beginner, so i cant understand why this appears, and what should i fix. if anyone have some time to look closer to this module, i will appreciate this very much. thanks. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
eggy IDE
Hello, I have written an open source IDE in python and Qt, called eggy. Eggy supports several languages, including python, ruby, C, C++, java, perl and others. Eggy also supports group projects over the lan or internet - with live changes, lets you compile and run your code, supports templates and lets you write your own plugins very easily. You also have syntax highlighting, autocompletion, an integrated bash shell and the option of chatting with group partners. You can read more about it here: http://eggy.student.utwente.nl";>http://eggy.student.utwente.nl it free and open source (GPL). Regards, Mark PS: if anyone is interested in helping out with the project, feel free to write and submit a plugin (in python), its really easy and some ideas are posted on the website. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to print a unicode string?
On 2008-04-19 03:09, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Another poster pointed me to
>>> sys.stdout = codecs.getwriter("UTF-8")(sys.stdout)
> and this works great. All I want now is some reassurance that this is
> the most appropriate way for me to achieve what I want (e.g. least
> likely to break with future versions of Python, most in keeping with
> the design of Python, easiest for me to maintain, etc.).
While the above works nicely for Unicode objects you write
to sys.stdout, you are going to have problems with non-ASCII
8-bit strings, e.g. binary data.
Python will have to convert these to Unicode before applying
the UTF-8 codec and uses the default encoding for this, which
is ASCII.
You could wrap sys.stdout using a codecs.EncodedFile() which provides
transparent recoding, but then you have problems with Unicode objects,
since the recoder assumes that it has to work with strings on input
(to e.g. the .write() method).
There's no ideal solution - it really depends a lot on what
your application does and how it uses strings and Unicode.
--
Marc-Andre Lemburg
eGenix.com
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--
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Re: winreg module, need help to understand why i'm getting exception
On Apr 19, 6:20 am, hellt <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > HI all, i found winreg module > fromhttp://www.rutherfurd.net/python/winreg/index.html > very useful and simple, instead _winreg. > > But i have a problem with this module, in its iterable part. > > look at the following code > > key = Key(HKLM,r"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Enum") > for i in key.values: > print i.value > > and that is the exception > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "D:\.Projects\python\temp.py", line 21, in >for i in key.values: > File "C:\Python25\Lib\site-packages\winreg.py", line 451, in next >return self.values[self.index - 1] > File "C:\Python25\Lib\site-packages\winreg.py", line 289, in > __getitem__ >name = _winreg.EnumValue(self.hkey, key)[0] > WindowsError: [Error 259] No more data is available > > so there is some problem with iterate, i think > i am still a beginner, so i cant understand why this appears, and what > should i fix. > > if anyone have some time to look closer to this module, i will > appreciate this very much. The problem is not in your code, but in the module. The EnumValue() and EnumKey() functions in the _winreg module raise WindowsError when there are no more keys or values to retrieve. So, go inside the module and modify that line to something like: # There should be a for or a while loop around here try: name = _winreg.EnumValue(key, index) except EnvironmentError: -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: winreg module, need help to understand why i'm getting exception
Sorry, the above post is not complete. This is the rest: # There should be a for or a while loop around here try: name = _winreg.EnumValue(key, index) except EnvironmentError: # It raises WindowsError, but the _winreg documentation # recommends catching EnvironmentError break else: # do something with 'name' ... Anyway, I'd recommend using _winreg instead of the module you're using, since it clearly has errors, and it's not on the standard library. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Inheritance confusion
Thanks to everyone who replied. Kay and Mark put me on the right track immediately. Ben is quite right - the fragment that I posted couldn't have given that error, but I didn't want to post the whole thing - perhaps wrongly, I thought it wouldn't help clarify what I thought the problem was. And that was the real issue - I had managed to convince myself that I had a naming problem in one of my own modules somewhere. If anyone is interested in the background, I'm a long time Perl programmer trying to learn Python by converting a small set of standard, locally developed Perl libraries. It's an edifying experience, and I can understand why some colleagues like Python so much. Again, thanks for the help, it's appreciated. Hook -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 2.5 adoption
At 12:16 PM -0700 4/18/08, Joseph Turian wrote: >Basically, we're planning on releasing it as open-source, and don't >want to alienate a large percentage of potential users. >-- >http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list A few seconds after reading this, I read the announcement for pyspread. Requirements? Python 2.5. You might want to talk with the pyspread folks regarding their decision to require 2.5. http://pyspread.sourceforge.net --Ray -- Raymond Cote Appropriate Solutions, Inc. PO Box 458 ~ Peterborough, NH 03458-0458 Phone: 603.924.6079 ~ Fax: 603.924.8668 rgacote(at)AppropriateSolutions.com www.AppropriateSolutions.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Metaprogramming Example
On Apr 18, 4:48 am, Bruno Desthuilliers wrote: [...] > Practically, this means that (amongst other niceties) : > - you can define functions outside classes and use them as instance or > class methods > - you can add/replaces methods dynamically on a per-class or > per-instance basis > - you can access the function object of a method and use it as a function > - you can define your own callable types, that - if you implement the > appropriate support for the descriptor protocol - will be usable as > methods too ok, that's convincing (i had thought the majority of these were already possible, albeit with some kind of hard-coded "magic" behind the scenes). [...] > > by referring to the titanic > > i didn't mean that python was a disaster, rather that the "iceberg" is > > still there (i am not 100% sure what the iceberg is, but it's > > something > > to do with making namespaces explicit in some places and not others). > > I guess you're thinking of the self argument, declared in the function's > signature but not "explicitly passed" when calling the method ? not really. more to do with when namespaces (i am not sure i have the right term - the dictionary that provides the mapping from name to object) are explicit or implicit. for example, python has closures (implicit lookup) and "self" (explicit lookup). but as i said, i don't have a clear argument - something just feels "odd". at the same time, i know that language design is a practical business and so this is probably not important. finally, thank you for pointing me to sql alchemy (i think it was you?). it really is excellent. andrew -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Kill an OS process from script (perhaps unix specific)
Hi, I'm trying to run a process from a python script. I need the exit status of that process but do not care about its output, so until now was using os.system(). But it turned out that the process often went into an infinite loop, so I wrote a SIGALRM handler. Unfortunately the code I came up with is quite kludgy: import subprocess ... try: p = subprocess.Popen(..., shell = True) pid = p.pid os.waitpid(pid...) ... except ...: # Thrown by alarm signal handler os.kill(pid + 1) # "Real" pid = shell pid + 1 ... The os.kill is very hacky and unsafe so I was looking for better ideas. Any help will be greatly appreciated. Thanks! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Metaprogramming Example
On 17 Apr., 14:25, andrew cooke <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > PS Is there anywhere that explains why Decorators (in the context of > functions/methods) are so good? We had kind of an inverse discussion a while ago when someone asked about the fate of aspect oriented programming (AOP) in Python. My answer was that technically "aspect weaving" using code generators is dead in application programming [1] and decorators are handy, lightweight, local and controllable while serving very similar purposes. [1] There are occasions where source code weaving might still has its place. Profiling for example or code coverage. Just examine this interesting blog article: http://nedbatchelder.com/blog/200804/wicked_hack_python_bytecode_tracing.html and the subsequent discussion. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
socket.AF_INET
Hi All.
I'm trying to write a script that will send me an email message when my IP
address changes on a specific NIC. On Linux, the script works. On FreeBSD, it
fails with:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./pyifcheck.py", line 22, in
if get_ip_address('xl0') == IPADDY:
File "./pyifcheck.py", line 18, in get_ip_address
struct.pack('256s', ifname[:15]) )[20:24])
IOError: [Errno 25] Inappropriate ioctl for device
The script is below.
###
SENDMAIL = "/usr/sbin/sendmail"
IPADDY = "85.126.250.328"
#IFCONFIG = "/sbin/ifconfig
import os
import smtplib
import socket
import fcntl
import struct
def get_ip_address(ifname):
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
return socket.inet_ntoa(fcntl.ioctl(
s.fileno(),
0x8915, # SIOCGIFADDR
struct.pack('256s', ifname[:15]) )[20:24])
#get_ip_address('xl0')
if get_ip_address('xl0') == IPADDY:
print "nevermind"
else:
p = os.popen("%s -t" % SENDMAIL, "w")
p.write("To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]")
p.write("Subject: YOUR IP ADDRESS HAS CHANGED\n")
p.write("\n") # blank line separating headers from body
p.write("Your IP addy has changed to $getipaddy\n")
p.write("some more text\n")
sts = p.close()
if sts != 0:
print "Sendmail exit status", sts
##
Thanks for any suggestions.
--
"Outside of a dog, a book is a man's best friend. Inside of a dog, it is too
dark to read."
-- Groucho Marx
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: is file open in system ? - other than lsof
bvidinli schrieb: > is there a way to find out if file open in system ? - > please write if you know a way other than lsof. because lsof if slow for me. > i need a faster way. > i deal with thousands of files... so, i need a faster / python way for this. > thanks. I think you can do this with inotify. It's an event based notification mechanism for linux kernel 2.6.13 and up. It has python bindings available (google for pyinotify). You will receive events like IN_OPEN,IN_CLOSE,etc. and keep track of opened files this way. hth Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: why function got dictionary
[EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb: > A: everything (or almost) in Python is an object. Including functions, > classes, modules etc. Everything you can access from or through Python code must be an object. Every object has at least a type and a reference count. Christian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
urlretrieve can't send headers
Hello. I'm using urllib.urlretrieve to download files, because it provides a handy hook function. Unfortunately, it won't let me send headers, which could be quite useful. Is there any way I could do this? __ Sent from Yahoo! Mail. A Smarter Email http://uk.docs.yahoo.com/nowyoucan.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Metaprogramming Example
On 19 avr, 16:34, andrew cooke <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > On Apr 18, 4:48 am, Bruno Desthuilliers <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > [...] > > > Practically, this means that (amongst other niceties) : > > - you can define functions outside classes and use them as instance or > > class methods > > - you can add/replaces methods dynamically on a per-class or > > per-instance basis > > - you can access the function object of a method and use it as a function > > - you can define your own callable types, that - if you implement the > > appropriate support for the descriptor protocol - will be usable as > > methods too > > ok, that's convincing (i had thought the majority of these were > already > possible, albeit with some kind of hard-coded "magic" behind the > scenes). Yep, the whole point is that it's not that hard-coded anymore. Python exposes most of it's inner mechanisms, so that you can taylor quite a lot of things to your needs. This is quite useful for writing clean frameworks needing very few boilerplate in the user code. > [...] > > > > by referring to the titanic > > > i didn't mean that python was a disaster, rather that the "iceberg" is > > > still there (i am not 100% sure what the iceberg is, but it's > > > something > > > to do with making namespaces explicit in some places and not others). > > > I guess you're thinking of the self argument, declared in the function's > > signature but not "explicitly passed" when calling the method ? > > not really. more to do with when namespaces (i am not sure i have the > right term - the dictionary that provides the mapping from name to > object) > are explicit or implicit. for example, python has closures (implicit > lookup) and "self" (explicit lookup). > > but as i said, i don't have a clear argument - something just feels > "odd". > at the same time, i know that language design is a practical business > and so this is probably not important. The fact is that everything you do with closures can be done with objects. OTHO, there are quite a lot of cases where defining a specific class would be just way too heavy, and a closure is much more lightweight. So yes, it's a matter of "practicality beats purity". While trying to remain as clean as possible, Python is definitively a practical language. > finally, thank you for pointing me to sql alchemy (i think it was > you?). Seems so. > it really is excellent. Indeed !-) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: urlretrieve can't send headers
triplezone3 schrieb: > Hello. I'm using urllib.urlretrieve to download files, > because it provides a handy hook function. > Unfortunately, it won't let me send headers, which > could be quite useful. Is there any way I could do > this? I suggest you look into urllib2. It allows you to explicitly create an request-object that you can stuff with headers and parameters and what you like. diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: why function got dictionary
On Apr 17, 4:06 pm, AlFire <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Q: why function got dictionary? What it is used for?
As previously mentioned, a function has a __dict__ like (most) other
objects.
You can e.g. use it to create static variables:
int foobar()
{
static int i = 0;
return i++;
}
is roughly equivalent to:
def foobar():
foobar.i += 1
return foobar.i
foobar.i = 0
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Kill an OS process from script (perhaps unix specific)
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
[EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
> Hi,
> I'm trying to run a process from a python script. I need the exit
> status of that process but do not care about its output, so until now
> was using os.system(). But it turned out that the process often went
> into an infinite loop, so I wrote a SIGALRM handler. Unfortunately the
> code I came up with is quite kludgy:
>
> import subprocess
> ...
> try:
> p = subprocess.Popen(..., shell = True)
> pid = p.pid
> os.waitpid(pid...)
> ...
> except ...: # Thrown by alarm signal handler
> os.kill(pid + 1) # "Real" pid = shell pid + 1
> ...
>
> The os.kill is very hacky and unsafe so I was looking for better
> ideas. Any help will be greatly appreciated. Thanks!
Assuming that the problem is really an infinite loop (and not just
an arbitrary delay), you could use the simple construct:
import os
code = os.system ("ulimit -t ; ...")
That's not guaranteed to work on all POSIX systems, but it should
work with at least ash, bash, and ksh. And it would would be
"limit cputime ; ..." if you somehow got hooked up with a
C shell.
- dmw
--
. Douglas Wells . Connection Technologies .
. Internet: -sp9804- -at - contek.com- .
--
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Issue with inspect module
Hi, I have this trivial program: import inspect class A: def __init__(self, a): self.a = a def __str__(self): return 'A(%s)' % self.a a = A(8) print a the output is: A(8) A(8) Why does the inspect module cause the output to be printed twice? Thanks -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: urlretrieve can't send headers
I have looked in to urllib2, and I can't find a function which would allow me to get the progress of the download as it happens, bit by bit, like urlretrieve does, at least not easily. urllib.urlretrieve's returnhook is just handy. I have another question concerning urlretrieve, is there a way I can force it to stop downloading half-way, say after the user clicked cancel? Thanks in advance. --- "Diez B. Roggisch" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > triplezone3 schrieb: > > Hello. I'm using urllib.urlretrieve to download > files, > > because it provides a handy hook function. > > Unfortunately, it won't let me send headers, which > > could be quite useful. Is there any way I could do > > this? > > I suggest you look into urllib2. It allows you to > explicitly create an > request-object that you can stuff with headers and > parameters and what > you like. > > diez > -- > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list > ___ Yahoo! For Good helps you make a difference http://uk.promotions.yahoo.com/forgood/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Database vs Data Structure?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > On Apr 18, 12:23 am, I V <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: >> On Thu, 17 Apr 2008 19:30:33 -0700, erikcw wrote: >>> use some sort of data-structure (maybe >>> nested dictionaries or a custom class) and store the pickled >>> data-structure in a single row in the database (then unpickle the data >>> and query in memory). >> Why would you want to do this? I don't see what you would hope to gain by >> doing this, over just using a database. > > Are databases truly another language from Python, fundamentally? Yes. A fair amount of study went into them. Databases are about information that survives the over an extended period of time (months or years, not hours). Classic qualities for a database that don't normally apply to Python (all properties of a "transaction" -- bundled set of changes): * Atomicity: A transaction either is fully applied or not applied at all. * Consistency: Transactions applied to a database with invariants preserve those invariants (things like balance sheets totals). * Isolation: Each transactions happens as if it were happening at its own moment in time -- tou don't worry about other transactions interleaved with your transaction. * Durability: Once a transaction actually makes it into the database, it stays there and doesn't magically fail a long time later. -Scott David Daniels [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Issue with inspect module
2008/4/19, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: > Hi, Hello, > I have this trivial program: > > import inspect > class A: > def __init__(self, a): > self.a = a > def __str__(self): > return 'A(%s)' % self.a > a = A(8) > print a > > the output is: > A(8) > A(8) > > Why does the inspect module cause the output > to be printed twice? > I have just run it on the CPython interpreter and it works well. Have you tried it without the 'import inspect' line and checked there is no problem? Or maybe are you using another interpreter? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: why function got dictionary
On 19 avr, 19:39, sturlamolden <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Apr 17, 4:06 pm, AlFire <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > Q: why function got dictionary? What it is used for?
>
> As previously mentioned, a function has a __dict__ like (most) other
> objects.
>
> You can e.g. use it to create static variables:
>
> int foobar()
> {
>static int i = 0;
>return i++;
>
> }
>
> is roughly equivalent to:
>
> def foobar():
>foobar.i += 1
>return foobar.i
> foobar.i = 0
barfoo = foobar
foobar = lambda x : x
And boom.
'static' variables are better implemented using either closures,
mutable default arguments or custom callable types.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Issue with inspect module
> Why does the inspect module cause the output > to be printed twice? I also tested it, no problem here either. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Issue with inspect module
On Apr 19, 1:41 pm, Karl-Heinz Ruskowski <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > Why does the inspect module cause the output > > to be printed twice? > > I also tested it, no problem here either. I realized what the problem was. I called the file inspect.py, stupid me. Thanks -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
random.random(), random not defined!?
do i need to import something to use random? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: why function got dictionary
On Apr 19, 8:33 pm, "[EMAIL PROTECTED]" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > barfoo = foobar > foobar = lambda x : x > > And boom. That's why I used the qualifier 'roughly equivalent' and not simply 'equivalent'. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[ANN] DoIt 0.1.0 Released (build tool)
DoIt - A task execution tool (build-tool) = This is the first public release of DoIt Website: http://python-doit.sourceforge.net/ Release: DoIt 0.1.0 License: MIT About - DoIt is a build tool that focus not only on making/building things but on executing any kind of tasks in an efficient way. Designed to be easy to use and "get out of your way". DoIt like most build tools is used to execute tasks defined in a configuration file. Configuration files are python modules. The tasks can be python functions (or any callable) or an external shell script. DoIt automatically keeps track of declared dependencies executing only tasks that needs to be update (based on which dependencies have changed). In DoIt, unlike most(all?) build-tools, a task doesn't need to define a target file to use the execute only if not up-to-date feature. This make DoIt specially suitable for running test suites. DoIt can be used to perform any task or build anything, though it doesn't support automatic dependency discovery for any language. Cheers, Eduardo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: random.random(), random not defined!?
On Sun, Apr 20, 2008 at 12:58 AM, globalrev <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > do i need to import something to use random? > -- you need to import random :) Python 2.5.1 (r251:54863, Mar 7 2008, 03:39:23) [GCC 4.1.3 20070929 (prerelease) (Ubuntu 4.1.2-16ubuntu2)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import random >>> random.random() 0.76018998919085967 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Tkinter, getting canvas-object, how?
On 19 Apr, 10:15, Rafał Wysocki <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] napisa³(a):
>
>
>
> > so i load a gif onto a canvas and when i click the canvs i want to get
> > the color of the pixel that is clicked.
> > so i need to ge the object im clicking.
> > i was told in another thread to use find_withtag or find_closest but
> > it is not working, maybe im using the
> > method on the wrong object.
> > how do i do this?
> > and how do i then get specifics about that object, ie the pixel-color?
>
> > Exception in Tkinter callback
> > Traceback (most recent call last):
> > File "C:\Python25\lib\lib-tk\Tkinter.py", line 1403, in __call__
> > return self.func(*args)
> > File "C:\Users\saftarn\Desktop\pythonkod\mapexperiments
> > \mapgetobject.py", line 17, in callback
> > undermouse=find_closest(master.CURRENT)
> > NameError: global name 'find_closest' is not defined
>
> > from Tkinter import *
>
> > master = Tk()
>
> > w = Canvas(master, width=400, height=625)
> > w.pack(expand = YES, fill = BOTH)
>
> > mapq = PhotoImage(file = 'C:\Users\saftarn\Desktop\Maps\provinces-of-
> > sweden.gif')
> > w.create_image(30, 30, image = mapq, anchor = NW)
>
> > def key(event):
> > print "pressed", repr(event.char)
>
> > def callback(event):
> > clobj=event.widget
> > ##undermouse=find_withtag(master.CURRENT)
> > undermouse=find_closest(master.CURRENT)
> > print repr(undermouse)
>
> > w.bind("", key)
> > w.bind("", callback)
> > w.pack()
>
> > mainloop()
>
> from Tkinter import *
>
> master = Tk()
>
> w = Canvas(master, width=400, height=625)
> w.pack(expand = YES, fill = BOTH)
>
> mapq = PhotoImage(file = 'img.gif')
> _id = w.create_image(0, 0, image = mapq, anchor = NW)
>
> objects = {} # map id to object
> objects[_id] = mapq
>
> def key(event):
> print "pressed", repr(event.char)
>
> def callback(event):
> x, y = w.canvasx(event.x), w.canvasy(event.y) # Translates a
> window x,y coordinates to a canvas coordinate
> _id = w.find_closest(x,y)[0] # Returns tuple containing the object
> id
> obj = objects[_id] # Finds object with given id
> print 'color: %s' % obj.get(int(x), int(y))
>
> w.bind("", key)
> w.bind("", callback)
> w.pack()
>
> mainloop()
ty very much. however i dont get the %s really. is % a symbol and then
replaced by obj.get-values?
anyway when clicked i get 3values, but there is intx and inty only.
where does the 3rd value come from and how do i refer to it?
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Frame work for simple physics web applications
I'd like to use my webserver to distribute some simple python physics apps. Ideally, I'd like to use some simple form to input a few pieces of data, call a python program, and return some image from a plot or some other rendering. This is easy to do using CGI, but I was wondering whether anyone on the list could recommend that would look a little more polished and professional. Let's say I want to input a wave vector k, and then input a plot of sin(k*x). I would like to have a simple form input for k, and then display an image of the plot. What I'm doing is a little more varied than this, but the common thread is that in each application I need to input several pieces of data and then display some image. I can probably think of 20 different applications right off the bat that I'd like to deploy. The idea behind this is to put together some simple toy models for quantum computing qubits that my experimental collaborators can play with without having to install Python, NumPy, and MatPlotLib themselves. (I understand, of course, that such an installation might be "good for them", but I'd rather not fight that battle just now.) I could, of course, write a Jython applet for this, but this would require my re-learning how to use the Java API, and it has been a few years for me. Do any of the AJAX frameworks for Python compare in simplicity to writing a simple CGI script? I've been impressed with web.py, since it seems pretty easy to use, but I would go to the trouble of learning one of the bigger frameworks if they would provide a more elegant solution. My web skillz are obviously several years out of date, so I'd like some guidance on the best way to update them. Thanks in advance, Rick -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: pyspread 0.0.1
On Fri, 18 Apr 2008 04:46:38 +0200 Martin Manns <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > pyspread 0.0.1 is now available at: > http://pyspread.sourceforge.net Hi, I updated to version 0.0.2 that fixes the tarballs and zip files. Any information about the package working on different platforms is appreciated. I got it working on Gentoo and on Debian (python 2.4). Best Regards Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I just killed GIL!!!
On Apr 18, 9:29 pm, sturlamolden <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > On 18 Apr, 21:28, "[EMAIL PROTECTED]" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > > Passing a NULL SectionHandle to NTCreateProcess/CreateProcessEx > > results in a fork-style copy-on-write duplicate of the current process. > > I know about NtCreateProcess and ZwCreateProcess, but they just create > an empty process - no context, no thread(s), no DLLs loaded, etc. > There is even an example code of how to implement fork() with > ZwCreateProcess in Nebbet's book on NT kernel internals, but > apparently it doesn't work quite well. It works fine for a copy-on-write process creation. It doesn't work 100% compatibly to fork. Nebbet is the best reference out there on the method. FWIW, NT's POSIX subsytem fork() uses (or used to use) the NULL SectionHandle method and was POSIX certified, so it's certainly possible. > Searching with Google, I find several claims that there is a > "CreateProcessEx" Yeah my bad, I meant zwCreateProcess. It's been almost a decade now since I used it. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [ANN] DoIt 0.1.0 Released (build tool)
Eduardo Schettino wrote:
> DoIt - A task execution tool (build-tool)
> =
>
> This is the first public release of DoIt
>
> Website: http://python-doit.sourceforge.net/
> Release: DoIt 0.1.0
> License: MIT
>
> About
> -
>
> DoIt is a build tool that focus not only on making/building things but on
> executing any kind of tasks in an efficient way. Designed to be easy to use
> and "get out of your way".
You may like to consider the possibility of confusion caused by the
similarity of some characters in some fonts (DoIt, Do1t, Dolt) ...
google("dictionary dolt") :-)
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: random.random(), random not defined!?
globalrev wrote: > do i need to import something to use random? No, you need to import random -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Tkinter, getting canvas-object, how?
On 19 Apr, 21:43, globalrev <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On 19 Apr, 10:15, Rafaù Wysocki <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>
>
> > [EMAIL PROTECTED] napisa³(a):
>
> > > so i load a gif onto a canvas and when i click the canvs i want to get
> > > the color of the pixel that is clicked.
> > > so i need to ge the object im clicking.
> > > i was told in another thread to use find_withtag or find_closest but
> > > it is not working, maybe im using the
> > > method on the wrong object.
> > > how do i do this?
> > > and how do i then get specifics about that object, ie the pixel-color?
>
> > > Exception in Tkinter callback
> > > Traceback (most recent call last):
> > > File "C:\Python25\lib\lib-tk\Tkinter.py", line 1403, in __call__
> > > return self.func(*args)
> > > File "C:\Users\saftarn\Desktop\pythonkod\mapexperiments
> > > \mapgetobject.py", line 17, in callback
> > > undermouse=find_closest(master.CURRENT)
> > > NameError: global name 'find_closest' is not defined
>
> > > from Tkinter import *
>
> > > master = Tk()
>
> > > w = Canvas(master, width=400, height=625)
> > > w.pack(expand = YES, fill = BOTH)
>
> > > mapq = PhotoImage(file = 'C:\Users\saftarn\Desktop\Maps\provinces-of-
> > > sweden.gif')
> > > w.create_image(30, 30, image = mapq, anchor = NW)
>
> > > def key(event):
> > > print "pressed", repr(event.char)
>
> > > def callback(event):
> > > clobj=event.widget
> > > ##undermouse=find_withtag(master.CURRENT)
> > > undermouse=find_closest(master.CURRENT)
> > > print repr(undermouse)
>
> > > w.bind("", key)
> > > w.bind("", callback)
> > > w.pack()
>
> > > mainloop()
>
> > from Tkinter import *
>
> > master = Tk()
>
> > w = Canvas(master, width=400, height=625)
> > w.pack(expand = YES, fill = BOTH)
>
> > mapq = PhotoImage(file = 'img.gif')
> > _id = w.create_image(0, 0, image = mapq, anchor = NW)
>
> > objects = {} # map id to object
> > objects[_id] = mapq
>
> > def key(event):
> > print "pressed", repr(event.char)
>
> > def callback(event):
> > x, y = w.canvasx(event.x), w.canvasy(event.y) # Translates a
> > window x,y coordinates to a canvas coordinate
> > _id = w.find_closest(x,y)[0] # Returns tuple containing the object
> > id
> > obj = objects[_id] # Finds object with given id
> > print 'color: %s' % obj.get(int(x), int(y))
>
> > w.bind("", key)
> > w.bind("", callback)
> > w.pack()
>
> > mainloop()
>
> ty very much. however i dont get the %s really. is % a symbol and then
> replaced by obj.get-values?
> anyway when clicked i get 3values, but there is intx and inty only.
> where does the 3rd value come from and how do i refer to it?
nevermind i get it now
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Frame work for simple physics web applications
On 19 Apr, 21:55, Rick Muller <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > I'd like to use my webserver to distribute some simple python physics > apps. Ideally, I'd like to use some simple form to input a few pieces > of data, call a python program, and return some image from a plot or > some other rendering. This is easy to do using CGI, but I was > wondering whether anyone on the list could recommend that would look a > little more polished and professional. > > Let's say I want to input a wave vector k, and then input a plot of > sin(k*x). I would like to have a simple form input for k, and then > display an image of the plot. What I'm doing is a little more varied > than this, but the common thread is that in each application I need to > input several pieces of data and then display some image. I can > probably think of 20 different applications right off the bat that I'd > like to deploy. > > The idea behind this is to put together some simple toy models for > quantum computing qubits that my experimental collaborators can play > with without having to install Python, NumPy, and MatPlotLib > themselves. (I understand, of course, that such an installation might > be "good for them", but I'd rather not fight that battle just now.) > > I could, of course, write a Jython applet for this, but this would > require my re-learning how to use the Java API, and it has been a few > years for me. > > Do any of the AJAX frameworks for Python compare in simplicity to > writing a simple CGI script? I've been impressed with web.py, since it > seems pretty easy to use, but I would go to the trouble of learning > one of the bigger frameworks if they would provide a more elegant > solution. > > My web skillz are obviously several years out of date, so I'd like > some guidance on the best way to update them. > > Thanks in advance, > > Rick www.vpython.org might be what you are looking for. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Database vs Data Structure?
On Apr 19, 1:27 pm, Scott David Daniels <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > > On Apr 18, 12:23 am, I V <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > >> On Thu, 17 Apr 2008 19:30:33 -0700, erikcw wrote: > >>> use some sort of data-structure (maybe > >>> nested dictionaries or a custom class) and store the pickled > >>> data-structure in a single row in the database (then unpickle the data > >>> and query in memory). > >> Why would you want to do this? I don't see what you would hope to gain by > >> doing this, over just using a database. > > > Are databases truly another language from Python, fundamentally? > > Yes. A fair amount of study went into them. Databases are about > information that survives the over an extended period of time (months > or years, not hours). > > Classic qualities for a database that don't normally apply to Python > (all properties of a "transaction" -- bundled set of changes): > * Atomicity: > A transaction either is fully applied or not applied at all. > * Consistency: > Transactions applied to a database with invariants preserve > those invariants (things like balance sheets totals). > * Isolation: > Each transactions happens as if it were happening at its own > moment in time -- tou don't worry about other transactions > interleaved with your transaction. > * Durability: > Once a transaction actually makes it into the database, it stays > there and doesn't magically fail a long time later. > > -Scott David Daniels > [EMAIL PROTECTED] Scott, Classical qualities for Python that don't normally apply to a database are: * Encapsulation * Modularity (Besides for social factors,) I make case that database language is always better to start learning than program language. They have no properties of databases. Hold that databases are slightly less sophisticated than language, and you hold rates at which data comes from the universe. Note, information isn't terribly well quantified, but is empirical. Note, matter comes from the universe too, but information goes to heads and we care. I hold it's proper to distinguish, though: you're doing the usual things to data from the real world, but it seems like things I want to do to computer screen are hard to do to a computer screen. I'm sensitive to money (want>0); why doesn't it want to do computers? I'd rather just animate plastics. Hook some up to it. Build roads and surfboards. (No snowboards; it's water; or it's way below it.) Plus get a bunch from the A.C. lines. Data always come from the universe, i.e. from matter. Just another way to make money with it. Everyone can make money, what's the problem with SQL? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Frame work for simple physics web applications
On Apr 19, 2:44 pm, globalrev <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > www.vpython.orgmight be what you are looking for. Except, if I'm not mistaken, vpython isn't a web framework. It would work if I wanted to write some python scripts and have other people run them, but I want to run everything through a web page, so I don't have to worry about installing python on everyone's computer and distributing updates of all of my scripts. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [ANN] DoIt 0.1.0 Released (build tool)
On Sun, Apr 20, 2008 at 2:04 AM, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> You may like to consider the possibility of confusion caused by the
> similarity of some characters in some fonts (DoIt, Do1t, Dolt) ...
> google("dictionary dolt") :-)
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
hehehehe. i feel like a DOLT
I never realized that it is confusing. I also didnt know this word
"dolt" before.
i wont use capital letters anymore.
thanks
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
manipulating class attributes from a decorator while the class is being defined
Hi, is it possible to manipulate class attributes from within a decorator while the class is being defined? I want to register methods with some additional values in a class attribute. But I can't get a decorator to change a class attribute while the class is still being defined. Something like: class Parser(object): regexps = [] def reg(regexp): def deco(func): regexps.append((regexp, func)) return func return deco @reg(r'".*"') def quoted_string(self): pass How can I reach the class attribute `regexps' from within a decorator? Thanks for any help, Wilbert Berendsen -- http://www.wilbertberendsen.nl/ "You must be the change you wish to see in the world." -- Mahatma Gandhi -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
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Re: 2's complement conversion. Is this right?
On 2008-04-18 23:35:12 -0600, Ivan Illarionov <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> said:
> On Sat, 19 Apr 2008 04:45:54 +, Ivan Illarionov wrote:
>
>> On Fri, 18 Apr 2008 22:30:45 -0500, Grant Edwards wrote:
>>
>>> On 2008-04-18, Bob Greschke <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>>
However, in playing around with your suggestion and Grant's code I've
found that the struct stuff is WAY slower than doing something like
this
Value = (ord(Buf[s])*65536)+(ord(Buf[s+1])*256)+ord(Buf[s+2]) if
Value
> = 0x80:
Value -= 0x100
This is almost twice as fast just sitting here grinding through a few
hundred thousand conversions (like 3sec vs. ~5secs just counting on my
fingers - on an old Sun...it's a bit slow). Replacing *65536 with
<<16 and *256 with <<8 might even be a little faster, but it's too
close to call without really profiling it.
>>>
>>> I didn't know speed was important. This might be a little faster
>>> (depending on hardware):
>>>
>>> Value = (ord(Buf[s])<<16) | (ord(Buf[s+1])<<8) | ord(Buf[s+2])
>>>
>>> It also makes the intention a bit more obvious (at least to me).
>>>
>>> A decent C compiler will recognize that <<16 and <<8 are special and
>>> just move bytes around rather than actually doing shifts. I doubt the
>>> Python compiler does optimizations like that, but shifts are still
>>> usually faster than multiplies (though, again, a good compiler will
>>> recognize that multiplying by 65536 is the same as shifting by 16 and
>>> just move bytes around).
>>
>> So why not put it in C extension?
>>
>> It's easier than most people think:
>>
>>
>> from3bytes.c
>>
>> #include
>>
>> PyObject*
>> from3bytes(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) {
>> const char * s;
>> int len;
>> if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s#", &s, &len))
>> return NULL;
>> long n = (s[0]<<16) | (s[1]<<8) | s[2]; if (n >= 0x80)
>> n -= 0x100;
>> return PyInt_FromLong(n);
>> }
>>
>> static PyMethodDef functions[] = {
>> {"from3bytes",(PyCFunction)from3bytes, METH_VARARGS}, {NULL,
>> NULL, 0, NULL},
>> };
>>
>>
>> DL_EXPORT(void)
>> init_from3bytes(void)
>> {
>> Py_InitModule("_from3bytes", functions);
>> }
>>
>> buildme.py
>> ==
>> import os
>> import sys
>> from distutils.core import Extension, setup
>>
>> os.chdir(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))) sys.argv =
>> [sys.argv[0], 'build_ext', '-i'] setup(ext_modules =
>> [Extension('_from3bytes', ['from3bytes.c'])])
>>
>> 'python buildme.py' will create '_from3bytes.so' file 'from _from3bytes
>> import from3bytes' will import C-optimized function
>>
>> Hope this helps.
>
> Sorry,
> the right code should be:
>
> PyObject* from3bytes(PyObject* self, PyObject* args)
> {
> const char * s;
> int len;
> if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s#", &s, &len))
> return NULL;
> long n = unsigned char)s[0])<<16) | (((unsigned char)s[1])<<8) |
> ((unsigned char)s[2]));
> if (n >= 0x80)
> n -= 0x100;
> return PyInt_FromLong(n);
> }
No thanks. Being able to alter and install these programs on whatever
computer they are installed on is more important than speed. I went
down the C-extension path years ago and it turned into a big mess.
Everything has to run on Sun's, Mac's, Linux and Windows without any
major hassels if they have to be changed. I can't reley on everything
the program needs to be rebuilt being installed beyond Python and
Tkinter (and pySerial and PIL for a couple of programs), which they
need to run. So no compiling and everything is in one file, in case a
new version has to be upgraded by a user by emailing it to them while
they're sitting on some mountain in Tibet. Just unzip, stick the .py
somewhere logical, (usually) double-click, and they are off and running.
Bob
--
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Re: manipulating class attributes from a decorator while the class is being defined
Wilbert Berendsen schrieb: > Hi, is it possible to manipulate class attributes from within a decorator > while the class is being defined? > > I want to register methods with some additional values in a class attribute. > But I can't get a decorator to change a class attribute while the class is > still being defined. Something like: > > class Parser(object): > > regexps = [] > def reg(regexp): > def deco(func): > regexps.append((regexp, func)) > return func > return deco > > @reg(r'".*"') > def quoted_string(self): > pass > > How can I reach the class attribute `regexps' from within a decorator? It's really tricky . The class object doesn't exists yet. It's created after all functions are parsed and created. You have can walk up the stack frames but it's ugly. Christian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: manipulating class attributes from a decorator while the class is being defined
> How can I reach the class attribute `regexps' from within a decorator? Now, the first way that comes to my mind is simply overloading the class and set your regexps variable in your new class. The other way is to create an object and set it more manually (obj.regexps = ['.*']). Which for me is an ugly this to do because the first way is far more elegant :) -- GPG key: 0x04B3BB96 pgpqg8hSnWlWX.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: 2's complement conversion. Is this right?
On 2008-04-18 21:33:34 -0600, Grant Edwards <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> said: > On 2008-04-18, Bob Greschke <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > >> I'm on a Solaris 8 with Python 2.3.4 and when crunching >> through, literally, millions and millions of samples of >> seismic data fingers point out the difference nicely. :) I'll >> look into this more on some of our bigger better faster >> machines (there is no -m option for timeit on the Sun :). The >> Sun is just what I develop on. If stuff runs fast enough to >> keep me awake on there over an ssh'ed X11 connection it should run even >> better on the real field equipment (Macs, >> Linuxes, WinXPs). > > If time is an issue, I might write a C program to convert the > files from 24-bit numbers to 32-bit numbers. Then you can use > numpy to load huge arrays of them in a single whack. Yes you could. :) But this is all in real time (as in 'gotta have it right now' real time). Plus we're dealing with 100's of files (instruments) at a time. It'll be 1000's of instruments this summer up in Canada. Here's the program having happily crunched away at nearly twice the speed it was the day before yesterday. www.greschke.com/unlinked/files/pocus.png The white dots come from the 3-byte integers and make up the green line which makes up one 'logical' chunk (in this case they recorded for 60mins at a time) of a whole data file with one file per instrument. Generally we just take a quick look at the green lines to make sure the instruments were working, and pull out the bad ones so they don't get used again until they've been looked at. Zooming in to the level where you can see the individual samples is used to (more) accurately determine the time when an [intentional] explosion was set off. You use instruments placed near the shot holes for that. Simple. :) Bob -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: 2's complement conversion. Is this right?
> > > www.greschke.com/unlinked/files/pocus.png > > > Darnit. www.greschke.com/unlinked/images/pocus.png -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Frame work for simple physics web applications
Rick Muller wrote: > On Apr 19, 2:44 pm, globalrev <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > >> www.vpython.orgmight be what you are looking for. >> > > Except, if I'm not mistaken, vpython isn't a web framework. It would > work if I wanted to write some python scripts and have other people > run them, but I want to run everything through a web page, so I don't > have to worry about installing python on everyone's computer So what should the students use when they want to explore quantum computing outside the scope you're offering ? C++, MatLab, LabView perhaps, this looks to me like an unique opportunity to promote Python. > and > distributing updates of all of my scripts. > I'm not familiar with this, but isn't it possible to run scripts from a website locally ? cheers, Stef -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python for Series 40 Nokia?
On 18/04/2008, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > On Apr 18, 8:46 am, "Dotan Cohen" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > I had once heard something about python running on a Series 40 Nokia, > > but I am unable to google anything concrete. Might it have been > > Jython? Is there a known implementation of Python for the series 40 > > (which is not Symbian, by the way)? Will Jython work in such an > > environment? > > > > Thanks in advance. > > there is a comment here of using jython on a nokia S40 > Nokia 7210 SDK for Nokia Series 40 platform. > http://bookshelf.sourceforge.net/en/src-build.html > > So i think i will work. > > I am using a S60 and works well, I have a GPS program in Python, > Editors, Ogg player, and other assorted items. > > I myself purchased the Nokia N70 purely because of the Python ability > it had.. Thanks. I have tried to avoid Symbian phones as they are slow and irresponsive to input in my experience. That said, I loved my N-Gage and irresponsiveness really was my only complaint with the device. Perhaps if the newer models are more responsive, then I will switch so that I can run Python on it. Thanks. Dotan Cohen http://what-is-what.com http://gibberish.co.il א-ב-ג-ד-ה-ו-ז-ח-ט-י-ך-כ-ל-ם-מ-ן-נ-ס-ע-ף-פ-ץ-צ-ק-ר-ש-ת A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text. Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
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Re: random.random(), random not defined!?
On Apr 19, 3:36�pm, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > globalrev wrote: > > do i need to import something to use random? > > No, you need to import random But you could alsways import it as something. >>> import random as something >>> something.random() 0.45811606256668347 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Bigger projects, including files?
if i have a larger project and want to divide my program into several files, how do i include these files in the mainprogram? using import someprojectfile doesnt work because import is for site- packages right and i dont want to put all my files in that folder. so how do i do it? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Bigger projects, including files?
globalrev wrote: > if i have a larger project and want to divide my program into several > files, how do i include these files in the mainprogram? > > using import someprojectfile doesnt work because import is for site- > packages right and i dont want to put all my files > in that folder. > > so how do i do it? > You can always add the path where the other files are to sys.path I've posted a while ago something that sort of does that for inter-package reference if the root is not in the sys.path http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/0e29ab20b4d4bc97 hth -- mph -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Bigger projects, including files?
On 20 Apr, 02:04, "Martin P. Hellwig" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > globalrev wrote: > > if i have a larger project and want to divide my program into several > > files, how do i include these files in the mainprogram? > > > using import someprojectfile doesnt work because import is for site- > > packages right and i dont want to put all my files > > in that folder. > > > so how do i do it? > > You can always add the path where the other files are to sys.path > I've posted a while ago something that sort of does that for > inter-package reference if the root is not in the > sys.pathhttp://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/... > hth > -- > mph thanks. i saw now myself that import works if it is in the same folder as well. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: 2's complement conversion. Is this right?
On Apr 18, 9:36 pm, Ross Ridge <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
> Ross Ridge <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> said:
>
> > If you have Python 2.5, here's a faster version:
>
> > from struct import *
> > unpack_i32be = Struct(">l").unpack
>
> > def from3Bytes_ross2(s):
> > return unpack_i32be(s + "\0")[0] >> 8
>
> Bob Greschke <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > That's not even intelligible. I wanna go back to COBOL. :)
>
> It's the same as the previous version except that it "precompiles"
> the struct.unpack() format string. It works similar to the way Python
> handles regular expressions.
I didn't know about the Struct class; pretty neat. It's amazing that
this version without Psyco is as fast Bob's version with Psyco! Adding
Psyco to it though makes it *slower*, not faster. So here's how I'd
write it (if I wanted or had to stay in pure Python):
try: import psyco
except ImportError:
from struct import Struct
unpack_i32be = Struct(">l").unpack
def from3Bytes(s):
return unpack_i32be(s + "\0")[0] >> 8
else:
def from3Bytes(s):
Value = (ord(s[0])<<16) + (ord(s[1])<<8) + ord(s[2])
if Value >= 0x80:
Value -= 0x100
return Value
psyco.bind(from3Bytes)
HTH,
George
--
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Re: I just killed GIL!!!
On Apr 19, 10:29 pm, "[EMAIL PROTECTED]" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > FWIW, NT's POSIX subsytem fork() uses (or used to use) the NULL > SectionHandle method and was POSIX certified, so it's certainly > possible. Windows Vista Ultimate comes with Interix integrated, renamed 'Subsystem for Unix based Applications' or SUA for short. Interix is even UNIX certified when a C compiler is installed. Windows also has a OS/2 subsystem which has a COW fork. Yes it is possible. One may wonder why the Win32 subsystem don't have this feature. Perhaps fork() is unfriendly to threads, like fork on Linux used to be (or is?) pthread unfriendly. Or perhaps M$ (MegaDollar) just did this to be mean. I don't know. I see the lack of fork() in Win32 as one of the major shortcomings of Windows. Anyhow, I just downloaded the WDK which supersedes the DDK. The examples in Nebbet's book do not build anymore, as there are invalid C in the WDK header files. :-( -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Frame work for simple physics web applications
On Apr 19, 2008, at Apr 19:3:55 PM, Rick Muller wrote: Do any of the AJAX frameworks for Python compare in simplicity to writing a simple CGI script? I've been impressed with web.py, since it seems pretty easy to use, but I would go to the trouble of learning one of the bigger frameworks if they would provide a more elegant solution. I'd highly recommend web.py. You can even run it as a cgi script, if you want, but it has its own webserver. For larger scale stuff, they give directions for running it behind apache or lighttpd. It's very easy and flexible. are you using matplotlib for the plots? bb -- Brian Blais [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://web.bryant.edu/~bblais -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Any reliable obfurscator for Python 2.5
Hi, Wanted to check if there is any known, reliable, FOSS/Libre -- Obfurscator for Python 2.5 code. -- regards, Banibrata http://www.linkedin.com/in/bdutta -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: User-defined Exceptions: is self.args OK?
En Thu, 17 Apr 2008 19:11:36 -0300, Petr Jakeš <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió: > I am trying to dig through User-defined Exceptions. chapter 8.5 in > http://docs.python.org/tut/node10.html > > > I would like to know, if is it OK to add following line to the __init__ > method of the TransitionError class? > > self.args = (self.previous, self.next, self.message) Not necesarily, but you should call the base __init__, perhaps with a suitable message. Most of the time, a meaningful error message is all what I want, so I write: class FooError(Exception): pass (perhaps inheriting from ValueError or TypeError or any other more meaningful base error). Then, when something wrong is detected: if : raise FooError, "some %s message" % foo In your case, you appear to require more info stored in the exception. Try this (based on your code): class TransitionError(Error): # I assume Error inherits from Exception? def __init__(self, previous, next, message): self.previous = previous self.next = next Error.__init__(self, previous, next, message) # perhaps: Error.__init__(self, message) # if message already contain references to # previous and next raise TransitionError, (1, 2, "oops") Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in __main__.TransitionError: (1, 2, 'oops') -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: 2's complement conversion. Is this right?
Ross Ridge <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > It's the same as the previous version except that it "precompiles" > the struct.unpack() format string. =A0It works similar to the way Python > handles regular expressions. George Sakkis <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: >I didn't know about the Struct class; pretty neat. It's amazing that >this version without Psyco is as fast Bob's version with Psyco! Unfortunately, it doesn't seem to documented in the Python 2.5 manual. The speed improvement mainly comes from avoiding the Python code in the struct module that wraps the Struct class. The struct module caches already compiled format strings, but looking format strings in the cache ends taking a fair chunk of time in my original example. Ross Ridge -- l/ // Ross Ridge -- The Great HTMU [oo][oo] [EMAIL PROTECTED] -()-/()/ http://www.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/~rridge/ db // -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: RotatingFileHandler - ShouldRollover error
En Wed, 16 Apr 2008 10:50:44 -0300, <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió: > I am using the RotatingFileHandler logger with Python 2.5 on Windows and > I am getting an error on the rollover. When the log file gets close to > the size where it needs to rollover, I start getting the following error > for every log message. Does anyone have a solution to this problem? > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "C:\Python25\Lib\logging\handlers.py", line 73, in emit > if self.shouldRollover(record): > File "C:\Python25\Lib\logging\handlers.py", line 147, in shouldRollover > self.stream.seek(0, 2) #due to non-posix-compliant Windows feature > ValueError: I/O operation on closed file There are some fixes in svn - you may try using the current sources from http://svn.python.org/projects/python/trunk/ -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: 2's complement conversion. Is this right?
Ross Ridge wrote: > Ross Ridge <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: >> It's the same as the previous version except that it "precompiles" >> the struct.unpack() format string. =A0It works similar to the way Python >> handles regular expressions. > > George Sakkis <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: >> I didn't know about the Struct class; pretty neat. It's amazing that >> this version without Psyco is as fast Bob's version with Psyco! > > Unfortunately, it doesn't seem to documented in the Python 2.5 manual. It seems to me that it's documented: http://docs.python.org/lib/struct-objects.html The struct module doc page (http://docs.python.org/lib/module-struct.html) provides links but no explicit mention of the Struct class in its text. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Checking if a text file is blank
Greetings!
I've just started learning python, so this is probably one of those
obvious questions newbies ask.
Is there any way in python to check if a text file is blank?
What I've tried to do so far is:
f = file("friends.txt", "w")
if f.read() is True:
"""do stuff"""
else:
"""do other stuff"""
f.close()
What I *mean* to do in the second line is to check if the text file is
not-blank. But apparently that's not the way to do it.
Could someone set me straight please?
--
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Re: manipulating class attributes from a decorator while the class is being defined
On Apr 19, 10:19 pm, Wilbert Berendsen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Hi, is it possible to manipulate class attributes from within a decorator > while the class is being defined? > > I want to register methods with some additional values in a class attribute. > But I can't get a decorator to change a class attribute while the class is > still being defined. Something like: > > class Parser(object): > > regexps = [] > def reg(regexp): > def deco(func): > regexps.append((regexp, func)) > return func > return deco > > @reg(r'".*"') > def quoted_string(self): > pass > > How can I reach the class attribute `regexps' from within a decorator? In this particular example, it is enought to change the line def reg(regexp): to: def reg(regexp, regexps=regexps): So that 'regexps' inside reg() will point to the same object as 'regexps' outside reg(). Of course it wouldn't work well with inheritance, but it seems to me that you don't want to subclass 'Parser' anyway. If you did, you could instead have something like this: class Ruleset(list): def add(self, regexp): def decorator(func): self.append((regexp, func)) return func return decorator class Parser(object): rules = Ruleset() @rules.add(r'".*"') def quoted_string(self): pass Or, yet another solution is to change the metaclass of 'Parser' so that it populates the class's rules by scanning its attributes. HTH -- Arnaud -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Checking if a text file is blank
>
> Is there any way in python to check if a text file is blank?
>
> What I've tried to do so far is:
>
> f = file("friends.txt", "w")
> if f.read() is True:
> """do stuff"""
> else:
> """do other stuff"""
> f.close()
>
> What I *mean* to do in the second line is to check if the text file is
> not-blank. But apparently that's not the way to do it.
>
> Could someone set me straight please?
You're opening your file in write mode, so it gets truncated. Add "+"
to your open mode (r+ or w+) if you want to read and write.
Here is the file docstring:
file(name[, mode[, buffering]]) -> file object
Open a file. The mode can be 'r', 'w' or 'a' for reading (default),
writing or appending. The file will be created if it doesn't exist
when opened for writing or appending; it will be truncated when
opened for writing. Add a 'b' to the mode for binary files.
Add a '+' to the mode to allow simultaneous reading and writing.
If the buffering argument is given, 0 means unbuffered, 1 means line
buffered, and larger numbers specify the buffer size.
Add a 'U' to mode to open the file for input with universal newline
support. Any line ending in the input file will be seen as a '\n'
in Python. Also, a file so opened gains the attribute 'newlines';
the value for this attribute is one of None (no newline read yet),
'\r', '\n', '\r\n' or a tuple containing all the newline types seen.
'U' cannot be combined with 'w' or '+' mode.
Note: open() is an alias for file().
Also, comparison of a value with True is redundant in an if statement.
Rather use 'if f.read():'
David.
--
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Re: Checking if a text file is blank
On Apr 20, 1:04 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Greetings!
>
> I've just started learning python, so this is probably one of those
> obvious questions newbies ask.
>
> Is there any way in python to check if a text file is blank?
>
> What I've tried to do so far is:
>
> f = file("friends.txt", "w")
> if f.read() is True:
> """do stuff"""
> else:
> """do other stuff"""
> f.close()
>
> What I *mean* to do in the second line is to check if the text file is
> not-blank. But apparently that's not the way to do it.
>
> Could someone set me straight please?
The flaw in your code is that "f.read() is True" doesn't do what you
think it does.
(1) The "is" operator is a test for object IDENTITY. Two objects can
be equal but distinct
>>> list1 = list2 = [1, 2, 3]
>>> list1 is list2
True
>>> list1[-1] = 4
>>> list2
[1, 2, 4]
>>> list1 = [1, 2, 3]
>>> list2 = [1, 2, 3]
>>> list1 is list2
False
>>> list1[-1] = 4
>>> list2
[1, 2, 3]
(2) Even if you used "f.read() == True", it still wouldn't work in
Python. Values can be true or false (in the context of an if or while
statement) without being equal to True or False.
Values that are equal to True:
True, 1, 1.0, (1+0j), decimal.Decimal(1)
Values that are true but not equal to True:
"spam", "1", (1,), [1], set([1]), {1: 2}, etc.
Values that are equal to False:
False, 0, 0.0, 0j, decimal.Decimal(0)
Values that are false but not equal to False:
"", (), [], set()
And even if you are sure that you're only dealing with values of 0 or
1, it's unnecessary to write "if x == True:". It's redundant, just
like "if (x == True) == True:" or "if ((x == True) == True) ==
True:". Just write "if x:". Or, in this specific case, "if
f.read():".
(3) While not affecting your program's correctness, it's rather
inefficient to read a gigabytes-long file into memory just to check
whether it's empty. Read just the first line or the first character.
Or use os.stat .
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Re: Checking if a text file is blank
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Greetings!
>
> I've just started learning python, so this is probably one of those
> obvious questions newbies ask.
>
> Is there any way in python to check if a text file is blank?
>
> What I've tried to do so far is:
>
> f = file("friends.txt", "w")
> if f.read() is True:
> """do stuff"""
> else:
> """do other stuff"""
> f.close()
>
> What I *mean* to do in the second line is to check if the text file is
> not-blank. But apparently that's not the way to do it.
>
> Could someone set me straight please?
Along with the other posts ... consider using the lstat command to get
information about the file.
import os
print os.lstat("friends.txt")[6]
gives the size in bytes of friends.txt or throws an OSError if
friends.txt does not exist.
lstat is portable, it defaults to stat on Windows.
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