Re: PyPI bdist_wininst upload failing

[John Machin]

On May 27, 4:20 pm, Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Steven Bethard wrote:
> > I just tried to upload new versions of the argparse module to PyPI, but
> > it seems like I can no longer upload Windows installers:
[snip]
> That seems a little weird to me. Are the bdist_wininst exe files really
> zip files? Or did I just misunderstand what "content" is?
>
> STeVe

They are exe files with a zip appended. Try out the above code on your
file; it may just help you suss out what the problem is.
E.g.:
>>> import zipfile
>>> zipfile.ZipFile('xlrd-0.6.1a4.win32.exe').namelist()
['PURELIB/xlrd-0.6.1a4-py2.5.egg-info', 'PURELIB/xlrd/biffh.py',
... snip ...
'SCRIPTS/xlrdnameAPIdemo.py']
>>>

HTH,
John

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Re: Color Segmentation w/ PIL?

[way4thesub]

I don't know of any in Python, but an open source image processing package in
Java has been developed at Stanford University -  http://www.gemident.net
GemIdent . GemIdent was originally designed to segment cells from
miscroscopic images and, more generally, can identify objects of interest
and do color image segmentation. Maybe some of the code can I apply to your
project and you can bridge the gap using Jython.

Adam

MooMaster wrote:
> 
> I'm trying to write a Digital Image Processing program using the PIL
> library, and upon consultation of the Handbook I see that it seems to
> have built in functions to run Edge Detection (in the ImageFilter
> module), but I don't see anything about Segmentation. Are there any
> built-in tools to do this operation? Has anyone done this operation
> with PIL in the past that can lead me in the right direction?
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
> 
> 

-- 
View this message in context: 
http://www.nabble.com/Color-Segmentation-w--PIL--tf3445941.html#a10822775
Sent from the Python - python-list mailing list archive at Nabble.com.

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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[OKB (not okblacke)]

Paul McGuire wrote:

> I was under the impression that lower_case_with_underscores was a
> dated recommendation, and that recent practice is more inclusive of
> mixedCase style identifiers.  On the contrary, Steven Bethard
> straightened me out, saying that PEP-8 used to accept either style,
> but has been amended to accept only lower_case_with_underscores.

Underscores are harder to type than any alphanumeric character.  
Thus I support their use in situations where difficulty of typing is 
desirable (e.g., magic method names) and I detest them in all other 
situations.

-- 
--OKB (not okblacke)
Brendan Barnwell
"Do not follow where the path may lead.  Go, instead, where there is
no path, and leave a trail."
--author unknown
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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[Paul McGuire]

On May 27, 1:25 am, Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Stefan Sonnenberg-Carstens wrote:
> > Paul McGuire schrieb:
> >> I'm starting a new thread for this topic, so as not to hijack the one
> >> started by Steve Howell's excellent post titled "ten small Python
> >> programs".
>
> >> In that thread, there was a suggestion that these examples should
> >> conform to PEP-8's style recommendations, including use of
> >> lower_case_with_underscores style for function names.  I raised some
> >> questions about this suggestion, since I liked the names the way they
> >> were, but as a result, part of the discussion has drifted into a
> >> separate track about PEP-8, and naming styles.
>
> > I prefer mixedCaseStyle, and I think that should be "standard", as this
> > style is commonly
> > used in all "major" languages , for example Java,C++,C#.
> > It shortens the identifiers but leaves the meaning intact.
>
> The argument for under_score_names is usually that non-native speakers
> can more easily find the word boundaries. Not being a non-native speaker
> ;-) I can't verify that one, but it's pretty plausible given the current
> amount of money spent on research on automatic word-segmentation for
> languages like Chinese. =)
>
> STeVe- Hide quoted text -
>
> - Show quoted text -

Here is the thread from python-dev where this change (from "mixedCase
is no better or worse than lower_case_with_underscores" to "should use
l_c_w_u") was discussed, a year ago last December:

http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2005-December/058750.html

At first, Guido seemed ambivalent, and commented on the
contentiousness of the issue, but it seems that the "non-English
speakers can more easily find word breaks marked with underscores"
justification tipped the scale in favor of
lower_case_with_underscores.

The PEP itself on www.python.org seems to have been updated as
recently as May 17 of this year, but I don't seen any way to identify
what the change history is.

So, those who are the stewards of the core source code have nailed
down thier coding standard to be l_c_w_u, so if sometime in the future
I find myself working on any code in the Python std libs, l_c_w_u is
the style to be followed.  It just looks so old-fashioned...

Whatev.

-- Paul

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Re: Color Segmentation w/ PIL?

[jelle feringa]

You might be interested in the ndimage module of scipy:
http://www.scipy.org/SciPyPackages/Ndimage

If you need a very serious image processing framework, ITK is might be very
interesting:
http://www.itk.org/
If so, have a look at the more Pythonic interface developed for it:
www.insight-journal.org/
.../1926/188/2/WrapITK_-_Enhanced_languages_support_for_the_Insight_Toolkit.pdf


Cheers,

-jelle




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Re: Ancient projectiles (was: Muzzle Velocity (was: High resolution sleep(Linux))

[Hendrik van Rooyen]

 "Cameron Laird" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


> In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
> Dennis Lee Bieber  <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> .
> .
> .
> >> Did you know that the first military smokeless powder
> >> round was for the French Lebel? - It threw a bronze 
> >> ball, and could punch through a single brick wall.
> >>
> > Well, extreme high speed wouldn't help for that -- just get a
> >surface splatter. Heavy and slower... (or some sort of solid core --
> >depleted uranium with a teflon coating)
> .
> .
> .
> Hmmm; now you've got me curious.  What *were* the first
> composite projectiles?  Conceivably archers, catapultists,
> and slings would all have the potential to find advantage
> in use of coated dense projectiles; is there any evidence
> of such?  There certainly was "mass production" of cheap
> projectiles (clay pellets, for example).  How were stones
> chosen for large catapults?  Was there a body of craft
> knowledge for balancing density and total mass in
> selection of stones?

Would a toggle headed harpoon count as 
a "composite projectile" ?  - they have been
around a long time.

Also the San people (better known as Bushmen)
have made their poison arrows so that the point
detaches from the shaft and stays in the wound,
ensuring better contact between the sticky gum 
like poison and the blood of the victim.

- Hendrik

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Re: Muzzle Velocity (was: High resolution sleep (Linux)

[Hendrik van Rooyen]

 "Cameron Laird" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> .
> .
> Ha!  It's interesting, especially for "computerists", to consider
> how some technologies "plateau":  steam car speeds, fresco paint-
> ing, dry-stone walls, ...
> 
> 
>From what I remember from my reading, the Stanley Steamer
had a reputation as a "Hot Rod" (pun intentional) - and people
said that nobody who tried to get its maximum out of it would
live.

I would suspect that the cause was not the engine, but the
cornering performance of the chassis.

Would be interesting to put an engine like that into a modern
chassis to see what it would do.

Probably would not beat a mini fitted with a Kawasaki 1100
engine for each wheel, though - an interesting problem in 
real time control...

- Hendrik

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Web archtecture using two layers in Phyton

[wagner]

Hello,
 
I need to develop an web applications that meet the following requirements:
 
- 2 layers: the first one is the user interface (browser) and the second
one is the interaction with the operacional system of the server.
- the second layer must be developed using Python.
 
I'd like to know if it is possible to implement this system... making the
second layer using python and the first layer using another web
technologies like AJAX for example.
 
Does anybody have any experience in developing python web applications?
Maybe send me some links or documentation about it...
 
The final goal is to make diferent user interfaces (layer 1) that can
integrate with the second layer... for example, one web interface and one
local interface using python+qt (example)... i don't know if this is
possible and how can this be implemented... any help is aprreciated...
 
Thanks in advance,
Wagner.
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Re: Python and GUI

[Matt van de Werken]

brad wrote:
> Kevin Walzer wrote:
> 
>> 2. wxPython is big, harder to learn than Tkinter, but looks good on 
>> Mac, Windows, and *Nix. It will require users to install a lot of 
>> extra stuff (or you'll have to bundle the extra stuff).
> 
> PyInstaller builds binaries beautifully from raw py source. No need to 
> bundle the wx stuff.   I develop on Linux, build on Windows (with 
> PyInstaller) and it works great. The source runs on any platform, the 
> Windows binaries is neat for the point and click users.
> 

Hi Brad:

This is my preferred method of development, but I am a newcomer to 
python having lived in the C world for a long time.

Have you any experience with this development method using boa 
constructor as the GUI builder?

Cheers,
mvdw

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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[Ben Finney]

Paul McGuire <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> At this point, I realized that I was taking things too far
> off-topic, so I decided to start a new thread.

So, uh, what's the purpose of this thread? Did you have a specific
point to start off with, or a question to ask?

-- 
 \  "It seems intuitively obvious to me, which means that it might |
  `\be wrong."  -- Chris Torek |
_o__)  |
Ben Finney

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totally lost newbie

[mark]

Hi all

I posted earlier on this but have changed my approach so here is my
latest attempt at solving a problem. I have been working on this for
around 12 hours straight and am still struggling with it.

Write a program that reads the values for a random list of cards from
a file, where each line in the file specifies a single card with the
rank and then the suit separated by a space. The rank should be an
integer in the range of 1 to 13 (Ace:1, King:13), while the suit
should be a lower case character in the set { 'h', 'd', 'c', 's' }.
Sort the card entries into suits ordered by rank, and print out the
ordered list. Hint: sort the list first by rank, and then by suit.

The format of the cards.txt file is;

1 h
1 d
13 c
10 s

and so on for the whole deck.

Can someone help me to get the mycomp function to work.

Any help appreciated

J

def read_cards(filename):

cards = []
for card in open(filename, 'r'):
# strip the trailing newline character
cards.append(card.strip())
return cards

filename = 'cards.txt'
cards = read_cards(filename)



def cards_str2tup(cards):

cards_tup = []
for card in cards:
rank, suit = card.split()
cards_tup.append((suit, int(rank)))
return cards_tup

def cards_tup2str(cards_tup):

cards = []
space = ' '
for tup in cards_tup:
suit, rank = tup
s = str(rank) + space + suit
cards.append(s)
return cards

def mycmp( a, b):
#define the order in which the characters are to be sorted
order = [ 'h', 'd', 'c', 's' ]
# if the characters from each element ARENT the same
if a[1] <> b[1]:
#return the result of comparing the index of each elements
character in the order list
return cmp( order.index( a[1] ), order.index( b[1] ) )
#otherwise
else :
#return the result of comparing each elements number
return cmp( a[0], b[0] )

cards.sort( mycmp )
#print cards

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Re: How to get a dot's or pixel's RGB with PIL

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

I got it.
Pass python challenge chapter 7.

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Re: totally lost newbie

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, mark wrote:

> Hi all
> 
> I posted earlier on this but have changed my approach so here is my
> latest attempt at solving a problem. I have been working on this for
> around 12 hours straight and am still struggling with it.
> 
> Write a program that reads the values for a random list of cards from
> a file, where each line in the file specifies a single card with the
> rank and then the suit separated by a space. The rank should be an
> integer in the range of 1 to 13 (Ace:1, King:13), while the suit
> should be a lower case character in the set { 'h', 'd', 'c', 's' }.
> Sort the card entries into suits ordered by rank, and print out the
> ordered list. Hint: sort the list first by rank, and then by suit.
> 
> The format of the cards.txt file is;
> 
> 1 h
> 1 d
> 13 c
> 10 s
> 
> and so on for the whole deck.
> 
> Can someone help me to get the mycomp function to work.
> 
> Any help appreciated
> 
> J
> 
> def read_cards(filename):
> 
> cards = []
> for card in open(filename, 'r'):
> # strip the trailing newline character
> cards.append(card.strip())
> return cards
> 
> filename = 'cards.txt'
> cards = read_cards(filename)
> 
> 
> 
> def cards_str2tup(cards):
> 
> cards_tup = []
> for card in cards:
> rank, suit = card.split()
> cards_tup.append((suit, int(rank)))
> return cards_tup
> 
> def cards_tup2str(cards_tup):
> 
> cards = []
> space = ' '
> for tup in cards_tup:
> suit, rank = tup
> s = str(rank) + space + suit
> cards.append(s)
> return cards
> 
> def mycmp( a, b):
> #define the order in which the characters are to be sorted
> order = [ 'h', 'd', 'c', 's' ]
> # if the characters from each element ARENT the same
> if a[1] <> b[1]:
> #return the result of comparing the index of each elements
> character in the order list
> return cmp( order.index( a[1] ), order.index( b[1] ) )
> #otherwise
> else :
> #return the result of comparing each elements number
> return cmp( a[0], b[0] )
> 
> cards.sort( mycmp )
> #print cards

Maybe it's easier to use a key function instead of a compare function.  A
key function receives an element and must return something that is then
sorted and the element ends up where the computed key is in the sorted
list.  Little example for sorting a list of strings first by length and
strings of the same length by alphabetical order:

def key_func(item):
return (len(item), item)

data = ['viking', 'spam', 'parrot', 'ham', 'eric']
data.sort(key=key_func)
print data

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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Re: a bug in python windows service?

[momobear]

> No, this is not a bug. You must not call Thread.run(), use Thread.start()
> instead - else your code won't run in a different thread of execution. See  
> http://docs.python.org/lib/thread-objects.htmlon how to use Thread
> objects - and note that you should *only* override __init__ and run, if
> any.
> Instead of extending join(), write a specific method to signal the
> quitEvent or just let the caller signal it. And I don't see in this
> example why do you need two different events (one on the thread, another
> on the service controller), a single event would suffice.
>
> --
> Gabriel Genellina

Thanks for help, It works now:D


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Re: totally lost newbie

[Kay Schluehr]

On May 27, 12:19 pm, mark <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi all
>
> I posted earlier on this but have changed my approach so here is my
> latest attempt at solving a problem. I have been working on this for
> around 12 hours straight and am still struggling with it.
>
> Write a program that reads the values for a random list of cards from
> a file, where each line in the file specifies a single card with the
> rank and then the suit separated by a space. The rank should be an
> integer in the range of 1 to 13 (Ace:1, King:13), while the suit
> should be a lower case character in the set { 'h', 'd', 'c', 's' }.
> Sort the card entries into suits ordered by rank, and print out the
> ordered list. Hint: sort the list first by rank, and then by suit.
>
> The format of the cards.txt file is;
>
> 1 h
> 1 d
> 13 c
> 10 s
>
> and so on for the whole deck.
>
> Can someone help me to get the mycomp function to work.
>
> Any help appreciated
>
> J
>
> def read_cards(filename):
>
> cards = []
> for card in open(filename, 'r'):
> # strip the trailing newline character
> cards.append(card.strip())
> return cards
>
> filename = 'cards.txt'
> cards = read_cards(filename)
>
> def cards_str2tup(cards):
>
> cards_tup = []
> for card in cards:
> rank, suit = card.split()
> cards_tup.append((suit, int(rank)))
> return cards_tup
>
> def cards_tup2str(cards_tup):
>
> cards = []
> space = ' '
> for tup in cards_tup:
> suit, rank = tup
> s = str(rank) + space + suit
> cards.append(s)
> return cards
>
> def mycmp( a, b):
> #define the order in which the characters are to be sorted
> order = [ 'h', 'd', 'c', 's' ]
> # if the characters from each element ARENT the same
> if a[1] <> b[1]:
> #return the result of comparing the index of each elements
> character in the order list
> return cmp( order.index( a[1] ), order.index( b[1] ) )
> #otherwise
> else :
> #return the result of comparing each elements number
> return cmp( a[0], b[0] )
>
> cards.sort( mycmp )
> #print cards

You need to exploit the lexicographic order as in the following
function.

def sort_carddeck(card_deck_pairs):
# card deck pairs have to be a list of
# the form [(rank1, suit1), (rank1, suit2),...]
suit_order = [ 'h', 'd', 'c', 's' ]

def cmp(p1, p2):
i1 = suit_order.index(p1[1])
i2 = suit_order.index(p2[1])
if i1http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Help with PySMS

[DJ Fadereu]

Hello -

Background:

I'm not a coder, but I got a degree in Chem Engg about 7 years ago. I
have done some
coding in my life, and I'm only beginning to pick up Python. So assume
that I'm very stupid
when and if you are kind enough to help me out.

Problem:

I need an SMS server running on my WinXP PC, as soon as possible. I'm
currently using a Nokia 6300 phone which has the S60 platform. I
downloaded the PySMS by Dave Berkeley from
http://www.wordhord.co.uk/pysms.html and started testing it, but I
haven't been able to get it working. Maybe I don't know how to do some
configurations before using it, I dunno. I'm pretty lost.

Do I need to tweak Nokia.ini? What ports am I supposed to use? Can
anybody tell me a step-by-step way of setting up and getting this
thing running?

I don't have enough to pay for this information, or I would gladly
shell out some cash. But I can bet that I'll be able to help you out
with something or the other in the future, if not money. And I am
willing to negotiate a portion of royalties if I make any money off
this project. My project is very simple - I will use incoming SMS to
generate a visualisation and automatic responder. This system will be
part of a multiplayer game that lots of people can play using SMS.

cheers,
DJ Fadereu
http://www.algomantra.com

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Re: totally lost newbie

[Gabriel Genellina]

En Sun, 27 May 2007 07:19:15 -0300, mark <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:

> I posted earlier on this but have changed my approach so here is my
> latest attempt at solving a problem. I have been working on this for
> around 12 hours straight and am still struggling with it.

Almost done. Just two things:
- You have defined a function to convert the file format into tuples. But  
you are not consistent with the ordering: in the file they come  
rank+space+suit. When you convert to tuple you use (suit,rank). Inside the  
comparison function you use a[0] as rank and a[1] as suit again. Be  
consistent.
- The sort expects a list of tuples, but you still use the lines read from  
the file; you forgot to call the function above to convert them.

-- 
Gabriel Genellina

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Re: a bug in python windows service?

[momobear]

> Instead of extending join(), write a specific method to signal the
> quitEvent or just let the caller signal it. And I don't see in this
> example why do you need two different events (one on the thread, another
> on the service controller), a single event would suffice.

I don't think a single event is enought, since I think the event
python created and windows event are not same kind of event.


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Re: ten small Python programs

[BartlebyScrivener]

On May 26, 1:43 pm, Steve Howell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> --
> parentRabbits, babyRabbits = (1, 1)
> while babyRabbits < 100:
> print 'This generation has %d rabbits' %
> babyRabbits
> parentRabbits, babyRabbits = (babyRabbits,
> parentRabbits + babyRabbits)
>
> --
> # def defines a method in Python
> def tax(itemCharge, taxRate = 0.05):
> return itemCharge * taxRate
> print '%.2f' % tax(11.35)
> print '%.2f' % tax(40.00, 0.08)
>

For the person new to programming (doesn't come from C or other
languages), I think you need to add a separate explanation of string
formatting and how it works, or at least add a comment that tells them
you are using string formatting so that they can search and find out
how it works. If your aim is to teach simple programming concepts, why
confuse them so early on with fancy interpolation?

Something like

# uses Python string formatting
# http://docs.python.org/lib/typesseq-strings.html

but really I think it will just be a distraction

rd


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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[Carsten Haese]

On Sun, 2007-05-27 at 07:30 +, OKB (not okblacke) wrote:
>   Underscores are harder to type than any alphanumeric character.  

This is a discussion about underscores versus capital letters denoting
the word boundaries in identifiers. How is an underscore harder to type
than a capital letter?

-- 
Carsten Haese
http://informixdb.sourceforge.net


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Newbie question - better way to do this?

[Eric]

I have some working code, but I realized it is just the way I would
write it in C, which means there is probably a better (more pythonic)
way of doing it.

Here's the section of code:

accumulate = firstIsCaps = False
accumStart = i = 0
while i < len(words):
firstIsCaps = firstIsCapitalized(words[i])
if firstIsCaps and not accumulate:
accumStart, accumulate = i, True
elif accumulate and not firstIsCaps:
doSomething(words[accumStart : i])
accumulate = False
i += 1

words is a big long array of strings.  What I want to do is find
consecutive sequences of words that have the first letter capitalized,
and then call doSomething on them.  (And you can ignore the fact that
it won't find a sequence at the very end of words, that is fine for my
purposes).

Thanks,
Eric

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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[Steve Howell]

--- Ben Finney <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:

> Paul McGuire <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> 
> > At this point, I realized that I was taking things
> too far
> > off-topic, so I decided to start a new thread.
> 
> So, uh, what's the purpose of this thread? Did you
> have a specific
> point to start off with, or a question to ask?
> 

I'll take the liberty of answering on by behalf of
Paul.

Purpose of the thread--he realized he was taking
another thread off topic, decided to start his own, so
that people who don't want debate PEP 8 can more
easily ignore it

Specific point--he was mostly focused on the pain of
using underscores, and while he was still off-topic on
the previous thread, he had put his problems in the
context of working with German colleagues who have
slightly different keyboards than the American
keyboard he has, the upcoming complications of Unicode
in Python 3, etc.

Question to ask--note the subject line, although I'm
not sure that's his main question






 

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Re: totally lost newbie

[Steve Howell]

--- Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> Maybe it's easier to use a key function instead of a
> compare function.  A
> key function receives an element and must return
> something that is then
> sorted and the element ends up where the computed
> key is in the sorted
> list.  Little example for sorting a list of strings
> first by length and
> strings of the same length by alphabetical order:
> 
> def key_func(item):
> return (len(item), item)
> 
> data = ['viking', 'spam', 'parrot', 'ham', 'eric']
> data.sort(key=key_func)
> print data
> 

Marc, when did the key feature get introduced, 2.4 or
2.5?  I'm asking on behalf of the newbie, who's going
to struggle with your solution if he's still running
2.3.




  
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Re: matplotlib, usetex

[Alexander Schmolck]

Bill Jackson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> Alexander Schmolck wrote the following on 05/25/2007 02:33 PM:
>> I have no idea whether this will resolve your problem, but you could try
>> updating to 0.90 (BTW what happens if you do axis([0,128,0,128])).
>
> The problem appears to be with a matplotlibrc file.  If I delete the
> matplotlibrc file, then I am able to plot perfectly.  Thus, it appears that I
> am unable to specify usetex from my configuration file.  Why is this
> happening?
>
>  ~/.matplotlib/matplotlibrc 
> text.usetex   : True
>
>  test.py 
> import matplotlib
> import pylab
> matplotlib.rc('text', usetex=True)

I think it might be a good habit to develop to call ``rc`` before ``import
pylab`` -- some things won't take effect otherwise (this doesn't affect all
parameters and will likely be eventually fixed in general, but notably it does
currently affect some latex-related stuff, such as font choice).

> pylab.plot(range(10))
> pylab.show()
>
>
> Running 'python test.py' with the above matplotlibrc causes the errors in my
> original post.  Deleting matplotlibrc resolves the problem.

I can't see any problem with you matplotlibrc; what happens if you swap around
the lines as I suggested above? Maybe it just appears to work, because the
usetex really does have no affect above, and you really are not using latex?

I have been using matplotlib with latex for fonts handling for some time now
(and I've even submitted a patch to ameliorate the rc problem mentioned
above), but the latex stuff has changed somewhat over time, and still has some
rough edges -- so for not immediately obvious problems with the latex handling
of an older version of matplotlib you're much more likely to find someone who
has the relevant details mentally available on the matplotlib-disc list are
much better than here; so I'd recommend you give it a try again (yeah sf is a
pain).

cheers,

'as



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Re: totally lost newbie

[Steve Howell]

--- mark <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Hi all
> 
> I posted earlier on this but have changed my
> approach so here is my
> latest attempt at solving a problem. I have been
> working on this for
> around 12 hours straight and am still struggling
> with it.
> 
> Write a program that reads the values for a random
> list of cards from
> a file, where each line in the file specifies a
> single card with the
> rank and then the suit separated by a space. The
> rank should be an
> integer in the range of 1 to 13 (Ace:1, King:13),
> while the suit
> should be a lower case character in the set { 'h',
> 'd', 'c', 's' }.
> Sort the card entries into suits ordered by rank,
> and print out the
> ordered list. Hint: sort the list first by rank, and
> then by suit.
> 

Given that the hint is to sort twice, you can first
break down the problem by just trying to sort your
list according to the number on the card, and don't
worry about the suit.  Also, try using a data file
that doesn't have any face cards in it, to keep things
simple at first.

Then, to get the face cards working, think about
this--a Jack is really just an 11, a Queen is just a
12, a King is just a 13, and an Ace is just a 1.

When you read in your data, maybe you want to just
work with the numbers internally?  Do you know how to
use a dictionary to map K to 13?

Then, when it comes time to produce the final output,
you'll need to map 13 back to 'K', which again
involves using a dictionary.

There are other approaches, too, just hope this sparks
some thought.







   
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Re: Newbie question - better way to do this?

[Gabriel Genellina]

En Sun, 27 May 2007 10:44:01 -0300, Eric <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:

> I have some working code, but I realized it is just the way I would
> write it in C, which means there is probably a better (more pythonic)
> way of doing it.
>
> Here's the section of code:
>
> accumulate = firstIsCaps = False
> accumStart = i = 0
> while i < len(words):
> firstIsCaps = firstIsCapitalized(words[i])
> if firstIsCaps and not accumulate:
> accumStart, accumulate = i, True
> elif accumulate and not firstIsCaps:
> doSomething(words[accumStart : i])
> accumulate = False
> i += 1
>
> words is a big long array of strings.  What I want to do is find
> consecutive sequences of words that have the first letter capitalized,
> and then call doSomething on them.  (And you can ignore the fact that
> it won't find a sequence at the very end of words, that is fine for my
> purposes).

Using groupby:

py> from itertools import groupby
py>
py> words = "Este es un Ejemplo. Los Ejemplos usualmente son tontos. Yo  
siempre
escribo tonterias.".split()
py>
py> for upper, group in groupby(words, str.istitle):
... if upper:
... print list(group) # doSomething(list(group))
...
['Este']
['Ejemplo.', 'Los', 'Ejemplos']
['Yo']

You could replace your firstIsCapitalized function instead of the string  
method istitle(), but I think it's the same. See  
http://docs.python.org/lib/itertools-functions.html

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Re: Newbie question - better way to do this?

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Sun, 27 May 2007 06:44:01 -0700, Eric wrote:

> words is a big long array of strings.  What I want to do is find
> consecutive sequences of words that have the first letter capitalized,
> and then call doSomething on them.  (And you can ignore the fact that
> it won't find a sequence at the very end of words, that is fine for my
> purposes).

Assuming the list of words will fit into memory, and you can probably
expect to fit anything up to millions of words comfortably into memory,
something like this might be suitable:

list_of_words = "lots of words go here".split()

accumulator = []
for word in list_of_words:
if word.istitle():
accumulator.append(word)
else:
doSomething(accumulator)
accumulator = []


-- 
Steven.

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Re: Newbie question - better way to do this?

[Steve Howell]

--- Eric <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I have some working code, but I realized it is just
> the way I would
> write it in C, which means there is probably a
> better (more pythonic)
> way of doing it.
> 
> Here's the section of code:
> 
> accumulate = firstIsCaps = False
> accumStart = i = 0
> while i < len(words):
> firstIsCaps = firstIsCapitalized(words[i])
> if firstIsCaps and not accumulate:
> accumStart, accumulate = i, True
> elif accumulate and not firstIsCaps:
> doSomething(words[accumStart : i])
> accumulate = False
> i += 1
> 
> words is a big long array of strings.  What I want
> to do is find
> consecutive sequences of words that have the first
> letter capitalized,
> and then call doSomething on them.  (And you can
> ignore the fact that
> it won't find a sequence at the very end of words,
> that is fine for my
> purposes).
> 

Try out this program:

def doSomething(stuff):
print stuff

def firstIsCapitalized(word):
return 'A' <= word[0] <= 'Z'

def orig_code(words):
print 'C-style'
accumulate = firstIsCaps = False
accumStart = i = 0
while i < len(words):
firstIsCaps = firstIsCapitalized(words[i])
if firstIsCaps and not accumulate:
accumStart, accumulate = i, True
elif accumulate and not firstIsCaps:
doSomething(words[accumStart : i])
accumulate = False
i += 1

def another_way(words):
print 'more idiomatic, with minor bug fix'
group = []
for word in words:
if firstIsCapitalized(word):
group.append(word)
elif group:
doSomething(group)
group = []
if group:
doSomething(group)

orig_code(['foo', 'Python', 'Ruby', 'c', 'xxx',
'Perl'])
another_way(['foo', 'Python', 'Ruby', 'c', 'xxx',
'Perl'])

See also the groupby method in itertools.

http://docs.python.org/lib/itertools-functions.html




   
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Re: totally lost newbie

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Steve Howell
wrote:

>> def key_func(item):
>> return (len(item), item)
>> 
>> data = ['viking', 'spam', 'parrot', 'ham', 'eric']
>> data.sort(key=key_func)
>> print data
>> 
> 
> Marc, when did the key feature get introduced, 2.4 or
> 2.5?  I'm asking on behalf of the newbie, who's going
> to struggle with your solution if he's still running
> 2.3.

It's available in 2.4 but I don't know when it was introduced.

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[Gabriel Genellina]

En Sun, 27 May 2007 10:20:49 -0300, Carsten Haese <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>  
escribió:

> On Sun, 2007-05-27 at 07:30 +, OKB (not okblacke) wrote:
>>  Underscores are harder to type than any alphanumeric character.
>
> This is a discussion about underscores versus capital letters denoting
> the word boundaries in identifiers. How is an underscore harder to type
> than a capital letter?

Underscores are not always easily available on non us-layout keyboards,  
like \ and @ and many other "special" characters. A language that requires  
more symbols than the 26 english letters has to make room somewhere -  
keyboards usually have "only" 102 keys (or 105 nowadays).
Back to the style, I think that mixedCaseIsEnough to  
determine_word_endings and looksBetter. alllowercase is hard to read.

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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[Steve Howell]

--- Gabriel Genellina <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> 
> Underscores are not always easily available on non
> us-layout keyboards,  
> like \ and @ and many other "special" characters. A
> language that requires  
> more symbols than the 26 english letters has to make
> room somewhere -  
> keyboards usually have "only" 102 keys (or 105
> nowadays).
> Back to the style, I think that mixedCaseIsEnough to
>  

Regarding the US keyboard, if you like chess:

  1) The right pinkie normally sits on the semicolon,
and if you shift it, you get a colon.
  2) Typing the "P" character is like moving a pawn up
one square (while shifting with the left).
  3) Typing the "[" and "{" is like capturing with the
pawn (one up, one over).
  4) Typing the "_" is like moving the knight (two up,
one over), as are typing the "]" an "}" (one up, two
over).






 

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Re: File monitoring for all drive

[Tim Golden]

[rohit]
>>> i want to detect all file change operations(rename,delete,create)
>>> on ALL THE DRIVES of the hard disk
>>> using the method ReadDirectoryChanges API , i.e program no. 3 in the
>>> webpagehttp://tgolden.sc.sabren.com/python/win32_how_do_i/watch_directory_fo...
>>> .
>>> Please suggest some modification to the program so that i can detect
>>> changes to ALL the drives
>>> (to detect changes on c:\   set
>>> path_to_watch = "." to "c:\\"   but this works for only one drive

[Tim Golden]
>> Well, to answer the question specifically: since the
>> Windows filesstem has no concept of a "root" above
>> the drive letters, the simplest thing to do is to
>> kick off a thread or a subprocess or what-have-you
>> for each drive letter.

[rohit]
> actually i want to implement a deamon monitoring file changes on the
> system
> so u suggesting i should implement the program with multithreading to
> include all drives?

That's one possibility, but again I'd ask whether
this is really quite sane: you're asking the filesystem
to tell you about every change to every file on the
system which will naturally slow things down. It will
get even more complicated if you're actually storing
these "change logs" in a file somewhere, since that
will then fire the monitoring mechanism itself!

I suggest - again - that the NTFS change journal might
be better suited to what you're trying to do.

Try the threaded approach with the ReadDirectoryChanges
API *on a small area of disk* to see how well it scales.
Then you'll be better placed to decide if it will work
well across all the disks in the system.

TJG
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Re: Help with PySMS

[Paul Boddie]

DJ Fadereu wrote:
>
> I need an SMS server running on my WinXP PC, as soon as possible. I'm
> currently using a Nokia 6300 phone which has the S60 platform. I
> downloaded the PySMS by Dave Berkeley from
> http://www.wordhord.co.uk/pysms.html and started testing it, but I
> haven't been able to get it working. Maybe I don't know how to do some
> configurations before using it, I dunno. I'm pretty lost.

Have you contacted the author? He might be able to help you out much
more effectively than we can.

[...]

> My project is very simple - I will use incoming SMS to
> generate a visualisation and automatic responder. This system will be
> part of a multiplayer game that lots of people can play using SMS.

I've extended the t616hack distribution to deal with messages - it
contains a library which is used to communicate with Sony Ericsson
telephones using AT commands - and that might give you some ideas
about the principles involved. See here for the package:

http://www.python.org/pypi/t616hack

One significant enhancement made to t616hack is support for Bluetooth
sockets, meaning that you don't need to worry about baud rates, serial
devices and other low-level details. There's no direct support for a
message server, but I have a Web application that I use personally for
accessing messages on my telephone.

Paul

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Re: PyPI bdist_wininst upload failing

[Steven Bethard]

John Machin wrote:
> On May 27, 4:20 pm, Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> Steven Bethard wrote:
>>> I just tried to upload new versions of the argparse module to PyPI, but
>>> it seems like I can no longer upload Windows installers:
> [snip]
>> That seems a little weird to me. Are the bdist_wininst exe files really
>> zip files? Or did I just misunderstand what "content" is?
> 
> They are exe files with a zip appended. Try out the above code on your
> file; it may just help you suss out what the problem is.
> E.g.:
 import zipfile
 zipfile.ZipFile('xlrd-0.6.1a4.win32.exe').namelist()
> ['PURELIB/xlrd-0.6.1a4-py2.5.egg-info', 'PURELIB/xlrd/biffh.py',
> ... snip ...
> 'SCRIPTS/xlrdnameAPIdemo.py']

Interesting. Thanks!

 >>> zipfile.ZipFile('argparse-0.8.0.win32.exe').namelist()
['.../lib/argparse-0.8.0-py2.5.egg-info', '.../lib/argparse.py']

Interestingly, it looks like none of these are "safe_zipnames" according to:

 https://svn.python.org/packages/trunk/pypi/verify_filetype.py

I wonder why that is...

Also, I couldn't get the StringIO code from there to work:

 >>> import StringIO
 >>> content = open('argparse-0.8.0.win32.exe').read()
 >>> t = StringIO.StringIO(content)
 >>> t.filename = 'argparse-0.8.0.win32.exe'
 >>> z = zipfile.ZipFile(t)
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "", line 1, in 
   File "C:\Python25\lib\zipfile.py", line 346, in __init__
 self._GetContents()
   File "C:\Python25\lib\zipfile.py", line 366, in _GetContents
 self._RealGetContents()
   File "C:\Python25\lib\zipfile.py", line 378, in _RealGetContents
 raise BadZipfile, "File is not a zip file"
BadZipfile: File is not a zip file

STeVe
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Re: ten small Python programs

[Steve Howell]

--- BartlebyScrivener <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> On May 26, 1:43 pm, Steve Howell
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > --
> > # def defines a method in Python
> > def tax(itemCharge, taxRate = 0.05):
> > return itemCharge * taxRate
> > print '%.2f' % tax(11.35)
> > print '%.2f' % tax(40.00, 0.08)
> >
> 

I decided to go with a simpler example up front.

--
# def defines a method in Python
def say_hello(name):
print 'hello', name
say_hello('Jack')
say_hello('Jill')

More here:

http://wiki.python.org/moin/SimplePrograms

Somebody also fixed a few style things in my other
examples, changing a tuple to a list, catching a more
specific exception.  Whoever you are, thanks, I agree.




   
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Re: a bug in python windows service?

[Gabriel Genellina]

En Sun, 27 May 2007 09:07:36 -0300, momobear <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:

>> Instead of extending join(), write a specific method to signal the
>> quitEvent or just let the caller signal it. And I don't see in this
>> example why do you need two different events (one on the thread, another
>> on the service controller), a single event would suffice.
>
> I don't think a single event is enought, since I think the event
> python created and windows event are not same kind of event.

They are not the same object, of course (altough the threading.Event  
object relies eventually on a mutex implemented using CreateEvent). But in  
this case both can be successfully used; of course, having the Python  
object a more "pythonic" interfase (not a surprise!), it's easier to use.
The same example modified using only a threading.Event object (and a few  
messages to verify how it runs):

import threading
 from win32api import OutputDebugString as ODS

class workingthread(threading.Thread):
 def __init__(self, quitEvent):
 self.quitEvent = quitEvent
 self.waitTime = 1
 threading.Thread.__init__(self)

 def run(self):
 while not self.quitEvent.isSet():
 ODS("Running...\n")
 self.quitEvent.wait(self.waitTime)
 ODS("Exit run.\n")


import win32serviceutil
import win32event

class testTime(win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework):
 _svc_name_ = "testTime"
 _svc_display_name_ = "testTime"
 _svc_deps_ = ["EventLog"]

 def __init__(self, args):
 win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework.__init__(self, args)
 self.hWaitStop = threading.Event()
 self.thread = workingthread(self.hWaitStop)

 def SvcStop(self):
 self.hWaitStop.set()

 def SvcDoRun(self):
 self.thread.start()
 self.hWaitStop.wait()
 self.thread.join()

if __name__ == '__main__':
 win32serviceutil.HandleCommandLine(testTime)

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Re: Why isn't this query working in python?

[erikcw]

On May 26, 8:21 pm, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On May 27, 5:25 am, erikcw <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>
>
> > On May 25, 11:28 am, Carsten Haese <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > On Fri, 2007-05-25 at 09:51 -0500, Dave Borne wrote:
> > > > > I'm trying to run the following query:
> > > > ...
> > > > > member_id=%s AND expire_date > NOW() AND completed=1 AND (product_id
>
> > > > Shouldn't you be using the bind variable '?' instead of '%s' ?
>
> > > The parameter placeholder for MySQLdb is, indeed and unfortunately, %s.
> > > The OP is using parameter substitution correctly, though in an
> > > obfuscated fashion. 'sql' is a misnamed tuple containing both the query
> > > string *and* the parameters, which is being unpacked with '*' into two
> > > arguments to the execute call.
>
> > > The only problem I see is that the parameters should be a sequence, i.e.
> > > (self.uid,) instead of just (self.uid).
>
> > > HTH,
>
> > > --
> > > Carsten Haesehttp://informixdb.sourceforge.net
>
> > I tried adding the comma to make it a sequence - but now change.
>
> > ('SELECT payment_id FROM amember_payments WHERE member_id=%s AND
> > expire_date > NOW() AND completed=1 AND (product_id >11 AND product_id
> > <21)', (1608L,))
> > ()
>
> > What else could it be?
>
> Possibly a type mismatch. How is member_id declared in the CREATE
> TABLE? For diagnostic purposes, try passing in (1608,) and ('1608',).

Here is a copy of the table schema and the first 2 rows.

-- phpMyAdmin SQL Dump
-- version 2.9.0.2
-- http://www.phpmyadmin.net
--
-- Host: localhost
-- Generation Time: May 27, 2007 at 11:29 AM
-- Server version: 5.0.27
-- PHP Version: 4.4.2
--
-- Database: `lybp_lybp`
--

-- 

--
-- Table structure for table `amember_payments`
--

CREATE TABLE `amember_payments` (
  `payment_id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
  `member_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
  `product_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
  `begin_date` date NOT NULL default '-00-00',
  `expire_date` date NOT NULL default '-00-00',
  `paysys_id` varchar(32) NOT NULL default '',
  `receipt_id` varchar(32) NOT NULL default '',
  `amount` decimal(12,2) NOT NULL default '0.00',
  `completed` smallint(6) default '0',
  `remote_addr` varchar(15) NOT NULL default '',
  `data` text,
  `time` timestamp NOT NULL default CURRENT_TIMESTAMP on update
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `aff_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
  `payer_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL default '',
  `coupon_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
  `tm_added` datetime NOT NULL default '-00-00 00:00:00',
  `tm_completed` datetime default NULL,
  `tax_amount` decimal(12,2) NOT NULL default '0.00',
  PRIMARY KEY  (`payment_id`),
  KEY `member_id` (`member_id`),
  KEY `payer_id` (`payer_id`),
  KEY `coupon_id` (`coupon_id`),
  KEY `tm_added` (`tm_added`,`product_id`),
  KEY `tm_completed` (`tm_completed`,`product_id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=11020 ;

--
-- Dumping data for table `amember_payments`
--

INSERT INTO `amember_payments` VALUES (423, 107, 1, '2004-10-01',
'2004-10-21', 'authorize_aim', '5687944', 3.95, 1, '', NULL,
'2004-11-30 19:21:43', 0, '', 0, '2004-11-30 19:21:43', '2004-11-30
19:21:43', 0.00);
INSERT INTO `amember_payments` VALUES (422, 107, 1, '2004-10-22',
'2004-11-21', 'authorize_aim', '5873225', 9.95, 1, '', NULL,
'2004-11-30 19:22:18', 0, '', 0, '2004-11-30 19:20:13', '2004-11-30
19:20:13', 0.00);

Thanks for your help!
Erik

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Re: PyPI bdist_wininst upload failing

[Gabriel Genellina]

En Sun, 27 May 2007 12:19:03 -0300, Steven Bethard  
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:

> Also, I couldn't get the StringIO code from there to work:
>
>  >>> import StringIO
>  >>> content = open('argparse-0.8.0.win32.exe').read()

Use open("...","rb").read() - the "b" is important on Windows.

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Re: ten small Python programs

[Steve Howell]

--- BartlebyScrivener <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> 
> For the person new to programming (doesn't come from
> C or other
> languages), I think you need to add a separate
> explanation of string
> formatting and how it works, or at least add a
> comment that tells them
> you are using string formatting so that they can
> search and find out
> how it works. If your aim is to teach simple
> programming concepts, why
> confuse them so early on with fancy interpolation?
> 

It's a thought provoking question, and I think my aim
here is not exactly to teach simple programming
concepts, but more to expose people to what Python
looks like.  I'm not really intending this page to be
a tutorial, as several good tutorials already exist.

I'm really targeting a particular niche of people. 
There are folks that know how to program, but don't
know anything about Python, and they really just want
to see a bunch of small examples all in one place,
without a lot of explanation cluttering their
presentation.

That may sound like I'm narrowing my audience too
much, but I do think it's a niche group that's not
adequately addressed.

I do hope, though, that folks more in a teaching role
can reuse the examples, add better explanation, etc.,
as needed.

Also, I wouldn't mind at all to add a little link
called "Read more..." after each example.






   
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PHP5 programmer learning Python

[romiro]

Hi all,

I'm a PHP5 developer looking to "broaden my horizons" so to speak by
learning a new language. I emphasize the 5 in PHP since I have fully
engrossed myself in the full OOP of version 5 with my own ground-up
projects as well as some work with PRADO (http://pradosoft.com)

I've dabbled with a number of languages in the past, Python being no
exception, but always ended up coming back to PHP due to being
comfortable with it.  Python has stuck to me as a language I _really_
think I should know more about.  I've recently tried C#, a very short
lived re-attempt at C++ and Java, and Ruby.  None of those seemed
"fun" except for Ruby, although from what I've seen the syntax between
Ruby and Python are very similar to each other compared to the other
languages.

Anyway, my first question was if anyone knows of a tutorial that
focuses on PHP -> Python learning, in such that there might be a block
of PHP code alongside an example of how to do the same thing in
Python.  One example of something I've already mapped a comparison to
thanks to standard tutorials is a PHP numeric indexed array being
similar to a list and a PHP associative array being similar to a
dictionary.  Of course finding such of a tutorial isn't a deal breaker
by any means, but I figured that having it available would be a boon
for me to actually make some headway in my Python learning adventure.

If there's anything else that could be said about the migration
between the two languages, I'm all ears. I also don't really need to
hear about how "disgusting" php is as a language...I am aware of the
contained chaos that is PHP4, which is why I develop strictly in 5
using its OOP to the extent my feeble brain allows, a wariness toward
the insecure pitfalls the language has begat in the past, and an
attempt to produce as clean of a syntax as the language can allow.

Thanks in advance for any help.

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Re: ten small Python programs

[Wildemar Wildenburger]

Steve Howell wrote:
> # def defines a method in Python
> def say_hello(name):
> print 'hello', name
> say_hello('Jack')
> say_hello('Jill')
>   
Doesn't def define methods *xor* functions, depending on the context? 
And in this example, say_hello (*yuck*, underscores ...) is certainly a 
function. Or is it that functions are considered "module-methods"?

W
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Re: PyPI bdist_wininst upload failing

[Steven Bethard]

Gabriel Genellina wrote:
> En Sun, 27 May 2007 12:19:03 -0300, Steven Bethard 
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:
> 
>> Also, I couldn't get the StringIO code from there to work:
>>
>>  >>> import StringIO
>>  >>> content = open('argparse-0.8.0.win32.exe').read()
> 
> Use open("...","rb").read() - the "b" is important on Windows.

Ahh, great.  Thanks.

So any ideas why distutils is generating a bdist_wininst installer with 
file names like:

 lib/argparse-0.8.0-py2.5.egg-info
 lib/argparse.py

instead of what John Machin had:

 PURELIB/xlrd-0.6.1a4-py2.5.egg-info
 PURELIB/xlrd/biffh.py

The ones with 'lib' instead of 'PURELIB' will get rejected by the 
safe_zipnames regular expression in verify_filetype.py:

 re.compile(r'(purelib|platlib|headers|scripts|data).+', re.I)

Is there something I need to do when running 'setup.py bdist_wininst' to 
get 'PURELIB' instead of 'lib'?

STeVe
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Re: PHP5 programmer learning Python

[darren kirby]

quoth the romiro:
> Hi all,
...
> Anyway, my first question was if anyone knows of a tutorial that
> focuses on PHP -> Python learning, in such that there might be a block
> of PHP code alongside an example of how to do the same thing in
> Python.  One example of something I've already mapped a comparison to
> thanks to standard tutorials is a PHP numeric indexed array being
> similar to a list and a PHP associative array being similar to a
> dictionary.  Of course finding such of a tutorial isn't a deal breaker
> by any means, but I figured that having it available would be a boon
> for me to actually make some headway in my Python learning adventure.

Not a tutorial, and the code is not alongside each other, but the PLEAC [1] 
website may serve as a decent code comparison between PHP and Python. 
As for a tutorial, if you are already experienced you will probably want to 
check out "Dive into Python. [2]

Have fun,
-d

[1] http://pleac.sourceforge.net/
[2] http://diveintopython.org/toc/index.html

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- Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson, June 1972
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Re: PHP5 programmer learning Python

[Gabriel Genellina]

En Sun, 27 May 2007 12:41:36 -0300, romiro <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:

> Anyway, my first question was if anyone knows of a tutorial that
> focuses on PHP -> Python learning, in such that there might be a block
> of PHP code alongside an example of how to do the same thing in

I don't know of a specific PHP->Python tutorial, but "Instant Python"  
would give you a brief tour, and "Dive into Python" is a good book for  
people with some previous programming background. Both should be easy to  
find using Google.

-- 
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Re: PHP5 programmer learning Python

[Steve Howell]

--- romiro <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> Anyway, my first question was if anyone knows of a
> tutorial that
> focuses on PHP -> Python learning, in such that
> there might be a block
> of PHP code alongside an example of how to do the
> same thing in
> Python.  

I know exactly what you mean, and I couldn't find
anything in my quick Google search either.

Maybe you could send us a couple small snippets of PHP
code, and we could translate them for you?

You may also find this helpful, if you just want to
get a real quick look at some representative Python
code:

http://wiki.python.org/moin/SimplePrograms

In case you're not aware that Python has a tutorial,
here's a link for you, but it doesn't have the focus
on transition from PHP that you're looking for.

http://docs.python.org/tut/




   
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Re: PHP5 programmer learning Python

[7stud]

On May 27, 9:41 am, romiro <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> I'm a PHP5 developer looking to "broaden my horizons" so to speak by
> learning a new language. I emphasize the 5 in PHP since I have fully
> engrossed myself in the full OOP of version 5 with my own ground-up
> projects as well as some work with PRADO (http://pradosoft.com)
>
> I've dabbled with a number of languages in the past, Python being no
> exception, but always ended up coming back to PHP due to being
> comfortable with it.  Python has stuck to me as a language I _really_
> think I should know more about.  I've recently tried C#, a very short
> lived re-attempt at C++ and Java, and Ruby.  None of those seemed
> "fun" except for Ruby, although from what I've seen the syntax between
> Ruby and Python are very similar to each other compared to the other
> languages.
>
> Anyway, my first question was if anyone knows of a tutorial that
> focuses on PHP -> Python learning, in such that there might be a block
> of PHP code alongside an example of how to do the same thing in
> Python.  One example of something I've already mapped a comparison to
> thanks to standard tutorials is a PHP numeric indexed array being
> similar to a list and a PHP associative array being similar to a
> dictionary.  Of course finding such of a tutorial isn't a deal breaker
> by any means, but I figured that having it available would be a boon
> for me to actually make some headway in my Python learning adventure.
>
> If there's anything else that could be said about the migration
> between the two languages, I'm all ears. I also don't really need to
> hear about how "disgusting" php is as a language...I am aware of the
> contained chaos that is PHP4, which is why I develop strictly in 5
> using its OOP to the extent my feeble brain allows, a wariness toward
> the insecure pitfalls the language has begat in the past, and an
> attempt to produce as clean of a syntax as the language can allow.
>
> Thanks in advance for any help.

Read "Learning Python(2nd ed)" and do all the exercises. If you have
questions, post them.

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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[Paul McGuire]

On May 27, 3:35 am, Ben Finney <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
> Paul McGuire <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> > At this point, I realized that I was taking things too far
> > off-topic, so I decided to start a new thread.
>
> So, uh, what's the purpose of this thread? Did you have a specific
> point to start off with, or a question to ask?
>
> --
>  \  "It seems intuitively obvious to me, which means that it might |
>   `\be wrong."  -- Chris Torek |
> _o__)  |
> Ben Finney

(Nice sig quote, by the way.)

Mostly, I started this thread so any discussion of
lower_case_with_underscores (l_c_w_u) vs. mixedCase naming styles
would not (further) clutter up Steve Howell's thread.

To recap:
- I was surprised at the comments to convert Steve's example to
l_c_w_u, as the last time I read PEP-8, it had the more liberal "use
whichever you prefer, just be consistent" wording.
- I posted one comment that I thought l_c_w_u looks old-fashioned, and
was an odd choice in the face of mixedCase, which has been adopted as
de facto practice in recent languages.
- I also mused on the implications for l_c_w_u in the face of Py3K's
recent acceptance of non-ASCII identifiers, and added as a related
point my own personal experience with typing '_' on a non-US keyboard
layout.
- At this point, I tracked down the python-dev archive of the
discussion thread that led to the stricter version of PEP-8, and I can
see that this is a windmill (like the choice of '@' sign for
decorators) that is not worth tilting at.

It is a bit reassuring that I am not the only one who turns a blind
eye to this part of the PEP, that l_c_w_u bothers others as well.  But
as to the further purpose for this thread, I think there is little to
none.  We will continue to see std lib code written using l_c_w_u.
Ordinarily, this would little concern me, since I go to read std lib
code about once/year.  But it does mean that additions to the external
API to the std lib will contain method calls such as get_files,
send_message, delete_record, etc.  I think this just promotes a
perception of Python as "so last century."

It would also seem we will continue to see 3rd party developers use
whatever their personal taste and/or project coding standards
dictate.  So for these users, this part of the PEP is "not really a
code, its more of a guideline."*

-- Paul

*same joke was in Ghostbusters and Pirates of the Caribbean, Pt.1

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Re: PHP5 programmer learning Python

[Steve Howell]

--- romiro <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

>  I've recently tried
> C#, a very short
> lived re-attempt at C++ and Java, and Ruby.  

To the extend that you're familiar with C++/Java/Ruby,
you may find this link as an interesting way to see
how Python looks:

http://www.dmh2000.com/cjpr/cmpframe.html




   
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Re: Large Amount of Data

[Jack]

John, thanks for your reply. I will then use the files as input to generate 
an index. So the
files are temporary, and provide some attributes in the index. So I do this 
multiple times
to gather different attributes, merge, etc.

"John Machin" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message 
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> On May 27, 11:24 am, "Jack" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> I'll save them in a file for further processing.
>
> Further processing would be what?
> Did you read the remainder of what I wrote?
> 


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Re: PyPI bdist_wininst upload failing

[Steven Bethard]

Steven Bethard wrote:
> Gabriel Genellina wrote:
>> En Sun, 27 May 2007 12:19:03 -0300, Steven Bethard 
>> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:
>>
>>> Also, I couldn't get the StringIO code from there to work:
>>>
>>>  >>> import StringIO
>>>  >>> content = open('argparse-0.8.0.win32.exe').read()
>>
>> Use open("...","rb").read() - the "b" is important on Windows.
> 
> Ahh, great.  Thanks.
> 
> So any ideas why distutils is generating a bdist_wininst installer with 
> file names like:
> 
> lib/argparse-0.8.0-py2.5.egg-info
> lib/argparse.py
> 
> instead of what John Machin had:
> 
> PURELIB/xlrd-0.6.1a4-py2.5.egg-info
> PURELIB/xlrd/biffh.py
> 
> The ones with 'lib' instead of 'PURELIB' will get rejected by the 
> safe_zipnames regular expression in verify_filetype.py:
> 
> re.compile(r'(purelib|platlib|headers|scripts|data).+', re.I)
> 
> Is there something I need to do when running 'setup.py bdist_wininst' to 
> get 'PURELIB' instead of 'lib'?

I figured it out. As suggested here:

http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/EasyInstall#administrator-installation

I had created a distutils.cfg to redirect my installs from the regular 
site-packages directory.

Since the distutils.cfg settings are read in for all distutils uses at 
the command line, they were also being read in when I tried to run 
"setup.py bdist_wininst", and so all my filenames were getting the 
altered paths instead of the regular PURELIB ones.

Thanks everyone for the help!

STeVe
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[ANN] argparse 0.8 - Command-line parsing library

[Steven Bethard]

===
Announcing argparse 0.8
===

The argparse module is an optparse-inspired command line parser that
improves on optparse by supporting:

* positional arguments
* sub-commands
* required options
* options with a variable number of args
* better usage messages
* a much simpler extension mechanism

and a number of other improvements on the optparse API.

Download argparse
=

argparse home:
 http://argparse.python-hosting.com/

argparse single module download:
 http://argparse.python-hosting.com/file/trunk/argparse.py?format=raw

argparse bundled downloads at PyPI:
 http://www.python.org/pypi/argparse/

Example argparse code
=

Here's a simple program that sums its the command-line arguments and
writes them to a file::

 parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
 parser.add_argument('integers', nargs='+', type=int)
 parser.add_argument('--log', default=sys.stdout,
 type=argparse.FileType('w'))
 args = parser.parse_args()
 args.log.write('%s\n' % sum(args.integers))
 args.log.close()

About this release
==

This release adds support for options with different prefix
characters, a parser-level default for all arguments, and help
messages for subparser commands.

The deprecated 'outfile' type was finally removed in this release.
Please update your code to use the FileType factory.

New features


* Options with different prefix characters, e.g. ``+foo`` or ``/bar``,
using the new ``prefix_chars=`` keyword argument to ArgumentParser.

* A parser-level argument default using the new ``argument_default=``
keyword argument to ArgumentParser.

* Support for ``help=`` in the ``add_parser()`` method of subparsers.

Bugs fixed
--

* ``set_defaults()`` now correctly overrides defaults from
``add_argument()`` calls

* ``default=SUPPRESS`` now correctly suppresses the action for
positional arguments with ``nargs='?'`` or ``nargs='*'``.
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Re: Why isn't this query working in python?

[Steve Howell]

--- erikcw <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >
> > > ('SELECT payment_id FROM amember_payments WHERE
> member_id=%s AND
> > > expire_date > NOW() AND completed=1 AND
> (product_id >11 AND product_id
> > > <21)', (1608L,))
> > > ()
> >
> 
> Here is a copy of the table schema and the first 2
> rows.
> 

Does your table actually contain any rows that meet
the criteria that expire_date is in the future,
completed is 1, product id is between 11 and 21, etc.?

Have you tried debugging the SQL outside of Python?






   
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Re: ten small Python programs

[Steve Howell]

--- Wildemar Wildenburger <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:

> Steve Howell wrote:
> > # def defines a method in Python
> > def say_hello(name):
> > print 'hello', name
> > say_hello('Jack')
> > say_hello('Jill')
> >   
> Doesn't def define methods *xor* functions,
> depending on the context? 
> And in this example, say_hello (*yuck*, underscores
> ...) is certainly a 
> function. Or is it that functions are considered
> "module-methods"?
> 

Goodness, I didn't expect such a simple example to be
so controversial.  But please see the new version
here:

http://wiki.python.org/moin/SimplePrograms

I changed the method name to "greet" and removed the
comment, as hopefully the intent of the program will
be pretty obvious to anyone that reads it.




   
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Re: PHP5 programmer learning Python

[Cameron Laird]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Gabriel Genellina <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>En Sun, 27 May 2007 12:41:36 -0300, romiro <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:
>
>> Anyway, my first question was if anyone knows of a tutorial that
>> focuses on PHP -> Python learning, in such that there might be a block
>> of PHP code alongside an example of how to do the same thing in
>
>I don't know of a specific PHP->Python tutorial, but "Instant Python"  
>would give you a brief tour, and "Dive into Python" is a good book for  
>people with some previous programming background. Both should be easy to  
>find using Google.
.
.
.
Along with accurate advice others have already given you here ("Dive into
Python" would be my preferred starting point), it occurs to me you might
want http://www.unixreview.com/documents/s=7822/ur0303j/ > at your
side.  Also, back in the PHP world, http://www.unixreview.com/documents/s=10102/ur0611c/ > might interest
you, if you're not already familiar with it.
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Re: ten small Python programs

[Steven Bethard]

Steve Howell wrote:
> --- Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> Very cool! Do you mind putting this up on the Wiki
>> somewhere so that we 
>> can link to it more easily? Maybe something like:
>>
>>  http://wiki.python.org/moin/SimplePrograms
>>
> 
> Done.

I think I would rewrite the current unit-testing example to use the 
standard library unittest module::

 # Let's write reusable code, and unit test it.
 def add_money(amounts):
 # do arithmetic in pennies so as not to accumulate float errors
 pennies = sum([round(int(amount * 100)) for amount in amounts])
 return float(pennies / 100.0)
 import unittest
 class TestAddMoney(unittest.TestCase):
 def test_float_errors(self):
 self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0.13, 0.02]), 0.15)
 self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([100.01, 99.99]), 200)
 self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0, -13.00, 13.00]), 0)
 if __name__ == '__main__':
 unittest.main()

I believe I've still kept it to 13 lines.

STeVe

P.S. The "right" way to add money is using the decimal module, but I 
couldn't think of a better example.
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itertools.groupby

[7stud]

Bejeezus.  The description of groupby in the docs is a poster child
for why the docs need user comments.  Can someone explain to me in
what sense the name 'uniquekeys' is used this example:


import itertools

mylist = ['a', 1, 'b', 2, 3, 'c']

def isString(x):
s = str(x)
if s == x:
return True
else:
return False

uniquekeys = []
groups = []
for k, g in itertools.groupby(mylist, isString):
uniquekeys.append(k)
groups.append(list(g))

print uniquekeys
print groups

--output:--
[True, False, True, False, True]
[['a'], [1], ['b'], [2, 3], ['c']]

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Re: itertools.groupby

[Steve Howell]

--- 7stud <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Bejeezus.  The description of groupby in the docs is
> a poster child
> for why the docs need user comments.  Can someone
> explain to me in
> what sense the name 'uniquekeys' is used this
> example: [...]
> 

The groupby method has its uses, but it's behavior is
going to be very surprising to anybody that has used
the "group by" syntax of SQL, because Python's groupby
method will repeat groups if your data is not sorted,
whereas SQL has the luxury of (knowing that it's)
working with a finite data set, so it can provide the
more convenient semantics.




   
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Re: itertools.groupby

[7stud]

On May 27, 11:28 am, Steve Howell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> --- 7stud <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > Bejeezus.  The description of groupby in the docs is
> > a poster child
> > for why the docs need user comments.  Can someone
> > explain to me in
> > what sense the name 'uniquekeys' is used this
> > example: [...]
>
> The groupby method has its uses, but it's behavior is
> going to be very surprising to anybody that has used
> the "group by" syntax of SQL, because Python's groupby
> method will repeat groups if your data is not sorted,
> whereas SQL has the luxury of (knowing that it's)
> working with a finite data set, so it can provide the
> more convenient semantics.
>
> ___ 
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> Beta.http://advision.webevents.yahoo.com/mailbeta/newmail_html.html

> The groupby method has its uses

I'd settle for a simple explanation of what it does in python.

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What's the best way to iniatilize a function

[Jack]

I have a set of functions to wrap a library. For example,

mylib_init()
mylib_func()
mylib_exit()

or

handle = mylib_init()
mylib_func(handle)
mylib_exit(handle)

In order to call mylib_func(), mylib_init() has to be called once.
When it's done, or when program exits, mylib_exit() should
be called once to free resources.

I can list all three functions in a module and let the
application manage the init call and exit call. Or, better,
to have the wrapper function manage these calls. I'm currently
using a singleton class (see below.) It seems to work fine.

My questions here are:

1. every time I call the function:

MyLib().func()

part of the object creation code is called, at least to check if
there is an existing instance of the class, then return it. So it
may not be very efficient. Is there a better way?

2. what's the right way to call mylib_exit()? I put it in __del__(self)
but it is not being called in my simple test.


STATUS_UNINITIALIZED = 0
STATUS_INITIALIZED = 1
STATUS_ERROR = 2

class MyLib (object):
instance = None
status = STATUS_UNINITIALIZED

def __new__(cls, *args, **kargs):
if cls.instance is None:
cls.instance = object.__new__(cls, *args, **kargs)
return cls.instance

def __init__(self):
if self.status == STATUS_UNINITIALIZED:
mylib_init()
self.status = STATUS_INITIALIZED

def func(self):
return mylib_func()

def __del__(self):
mylib_exit() 


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Re: itertools.groupby

[Steve Howell]

--- 7stud <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Bejeezus.  The description of groupby in the docs is
> a poster child
> for why the docs need user comments.  

I would suggest an example with a little more
concreteness than what's currently there.

For example, this code...

import itertools

syslog_messages = [
'out of file descriptors',
'out of file descriptors',
'unexpected access',
'out of file descriptors',
]

for message, messages in
itertools.groupby(syslog_messages):
print message, len(list(messages))

...produces this...

out of file descriptors 2
unexpected access 1
out of file descriptors 1



   
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Announcing: ACM SIGAPL apl 2007 -- Arrays and Objects

[Mike Kent]

The APL 2007 conference, sponsored by ACM SIGAPL,
has as its principal theme "Arrays and Objects" and,
appropriately, is co-located with OOPSLA 2007, in
Montreal this October.


APL 2007 starts with a tutorial day on Sunday, October 21, followed by a
two-day program on Monday and Tuesday, October 22 and 23.

APLers are welcome to attend OOPSLA program events on Monday and Tuesday
(and OOPSLA attendees are welcome to come to APL program events).

Registrants at APL 2007 can add full OOPSLA attendance at a favorable price.


Dates:

 Sunday  Oct 21   Tutorials
 Monday, Tuesday Oct 22,23APL 2007 program
 Monday-Friday   Oct 22-26OOPSLA program


APL 2007 keynote speaker:  Guy Steele, Sun Microsystems Laboratories


Tutorials

 Using objects within APL

 Array language practicum

 Intro to [language] for other-language users
 ( We expect that there will be at least one introductory
   tutorial on "classic" APL, and hope to have introductions
   to a variety of array languages )





We solicit papers and proposals for tutorials, panels and workshops on
all aspects of array-oriented programming and languages; this year we
have particular interest in the themes of

  integrating the use of arrays and objects

  languages that support the use of arrays as a
  central and thematic technique

  marketplace and education:  making practitioners aware of
  array thinking and array languages


Our interest is in the essential use of arrays in programming in any
language (though our historical concern has been the APL family of
languages:  classic APL, J, K, NIAL, ).


Dates:

 Tutorial, panel, and workshop proposals, and notice of intent to
 submit papers, are due by Friday June 15, to the Program Chair.

 Contributed papers, not more than 10 pages in length, are due
 by Monday, July 23, to the Program Chair.  Details of form of
 submission can be obtained from the program chair.


 Deadline for detailed tutorial/panel/workshop information TBA.


Cost (to SIGAPL and ACM members, approximate $US, final cost TBA)

 APL2007 registration $375
 Tutorial day $250
 Single conference days   $200



Social events:Opening reception Monday
   Others TBA


Conference venue: Palais de Congres, Montreal, Quebec, CANADA
Conference hotel: Hyatt Regency Montreal


Committee

General Chair Guy Laroque  [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Program Chair Lynne C. Shaw[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Treasurer Steven H. Rogers [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Publicity Mike Kent[EMAIL PROTECTED]



Links

APL2007  http://www.sigapl.org/apl2007
OOPSLA 2007  http://www.oopsla.org/oopsla2007
Palais de Congreshttp://www.congresmtl.com/
Hyatt Regency Montreal   http://montreal.hyatt.com

Guy Steelehttp://research.sun.com/people/mybio.php?uid=25706

ACM SIGAPLhttp://www.sigapl.org
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Re: ten small Python programs

[Steve Howell]

--- Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I think I would rewrite the current unit-testing
> example to use the 
> standard library unittest module::
> 
>  # Let's write reusable code, and unit test it.
>  def add_money(amounts):
>  # do arithmetic in pennies so as not to
> accumulate float errors
>  pennies = sum([round(int(amount * 100)) for
> amount in amounts])
>  return float(pennies / 100.0)
>  import unittest
>  class TestAddMoney(unittest.TestCase):
>  def test_float_errors(self):
>  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0.13,
> 0.02]), 0.15)
>  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([100.01,
> 99.99]), 200)
>  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0,
> -13.00, 13.00]), 0)
>  if __name__ == '__main__':
>  unittest.main()
> 
> I believe I've still kept it to 13 lines.
> 

I approve this change, although in a sense, it's
harder for a Python newbie, because it introduces
inheritance a little earlier than I would have liked.

FWIW I'm in the minority (I think) of people that
prefer roll-your-own testing, but I don't want to
argue that, because I think it mostly comes down to
personal preference.

I'll only defend my position by posting this link,
which suggests that roll-your-own even has validity in
an educational setting:

http://www.elkner.net/jeff/testFirst/index.html


> P.S. The "right" way to add money is using the
> decimal module, but I 
> couldn't think of a better example.

Agreed.  Maybe somebody else will come up with
something more creative, but I'm happy enough with our
current version.


   
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Re: ten small Python programs

[Steve Howell]

--- Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> I think I would rewrite the current unit-testing
> example to use the 
> standard library unittest module::
> 
>  # Let's write reusable code, and unit test it.
>  def add_money(amounts):
>  # do arithmetic in pennies so as not to
> accumulate float errors
>  pennies = sum([round(int(amount * 100)) for
> amount in amounts])
>  return float(pennies / 100.0)
>  import unittest
>  class TestAddMoney(unittest.TestCase):
>  def test_float_errors(self):
>  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0.13,
> 0.02]), 0.15)
>  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([100.01,
> 99.99]), 200)
>  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0,
> -13.00, 13.00]), 0)
>  if __name__ == '__main__':
>  unittest.main()
> 

Just a minor quibble, but wouldn't you want the import
and test class to only get executed in the ___main__
context?



   
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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

Stefan Sonnenberg-Carstens wrote:
> Paul McGuire schrieb:
> > I'm starting a new thread for this topic, so as not to hijack the one
> > started by Steve Howell's excellent post titled "ten small Python
> > programs".
> >
> > In that thread, there was a suggestion that these examples should
> > conform to PEP-8's style recommendations, including use of
> > lower_case_with_underscores style for function names.  I raised some
> > questions about this suggestion, since I liked the names the way they
> > were, but as a result, part of the discussion has drifted into a
> > separate track about PEP-8, and naming styles.
> >
> > I was under the impression that lower_case_with_underscores was a
> > dated recommendation, and that recent practice is more inclusive of
> > mixedCase style identifiers.  On the contrary, Steven Bethard
> > straightened me out, saying that PEP-8 used to accept either style,
> > but has been amended to accept only lower_case_with_underscores.
> >
> > My latest thought on the topic relates back to the Martin v. Lo:wis
> > thread-that-would-not-die requesting feedback about PEP 3131, on
> > adding support for non-ASCII identifiers in Py3K.  I posted an out-of-
> > curiosity comment asking about how underscore separators mix with
> > Unicode identifiers, including the mechanics of actually typing an
> > underscore on a non-US keyboard.  At this point, I realized that I was
> > taking things too far off-topic, so I decided to start a new thread.
> >
> > Steve, sorry for taking your thread down a rathole.  I hope we can
> > move any further PEP-8-related discussion (if the point merits any) to
> > this thread.
> >
> > -- Paul
> >
> >
> I prefer mixedCaseStyle, and I think that should be "standard", as this
> style is commonly
> used in all "major" languages , for example Java,C++,C#.
> It shortens the identifiers but leaves the meaning intact.

Actually, proper_case is standard in C++ (see, e.g., the naming
section of http://www.research.att.com/~bs/bs_faq2.html ) .  And C is
still more common than Java, and Perl and Lisp are about as common as
C#--all use proper case (though Lisp uses - instead of _).
Historically, it's only Java and the Windows world (including non-
standard Windows-style C++) that use forcedCase significantly (C#
draws from both).

The underscore version is not "lower case"; it is "proper case"--case
is used as in normal English.  Compare plot_line_slope() vs.
plot_line_Besenheim(); with the underscore method, you preserve all
the natural meaning of case.  Especially when you have, say, acronyms
in variable names, forcedCase can be somewhat confusing even for
native English speakers; the style forces you to use a specific case
for naming convention reasons, losing the natural meaning of the case.

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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[OKB (not okblacke)]

Carsten Haese wrote:

> On Sun, 2007-05-27 at 07:30 +, OKB (not okblacke) wrote:
>>  Underscores are harder to type than any alphanumeric
>>  character.  
> 
> This is a discussion about underscores versus capital letters
> denoting the word boundaries in identifiers. How is an underscore
> harder to type than a capital letter?
 
It is harder in that the key that has the underscore on it is quite 
out of the way compared to any letter key.


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Brendan Barnwell
"Do not follow where the path may lead.  Go, instead, where there is
no path, and leave a trail."
--author unknown
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Re: itertools.groupby

[Steve Howell]

--- 7stud <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> I'd settle for a simple explanation of what it does
> in python.
> 

The groupby function prevents you have from having to
write awkward (and possibly broken) code like this:

group = []
lastKey = None
for item in items:
newKey = item.key()
if newKey == lastKey:
group.append(word)
elif group:
doSomething(group)
group = []
lastKey = newKey
if group:
doSomething(group)

See my other reply for what it actually does in a
simple example.


   
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Re: itertools.groupby

[Steve Howell]

--- Steve Howell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> 
> --- 7stud <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> > Bejeezus.  The description of groupby in the docs
> is
> > a poster child
> > for why the docs need user comments.  
> 

Regarding the pitfalls of groupby in general (even
assuming we had better documentation), I invite people
to view the following posting that I made on
python-ideas, entitled "SQL-like way to manipulate
Python data structures":

http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-ideas/2007-May/000807.html

In the thread, I don't really make a proposal, so much
as a problem statement, but my radical idea is that
lists of dictionaries fit the relational model
perfectly, so why not allow some kind of native SQL
syntax in Python that allows you to manipulate those
data structures more naturally?








   
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Re: ten small Python programs

[Steven Bethard]

Steve Howell wrote:
> --- Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> I think I would rewrite the current unit-testing
>> example to use the 
>> standard library unittest module::
>>
>>  # Let's write reusable code, and unit test it.
>>  def add_money(amounts):
>>  # do arithmetic in pennies so as not to
>> accumulate float errors
>>  pennies = sum([round(int(amount * 100)) for
>> amount in amounts])
>>  return float(pennies / 100.0)
>>  import unittest
>>  class TestAddMoney(unittest.TestCase):
>>  def test_float_errors(self):
>>  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0.13,
>> 0.02]), 0.15)
>>  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([100.01,
>> 99.99]), 200)
>>  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0,
>> -13.00, 13.00]), 0)
>>  if __name__ == '__main__':
>>  unittest.main()
>>
> 
> Just a minor quibble, but wouldn't you want the import
> and test class to only get executed in the ___main__
> context?

That would be fine too. In the real world, I'd put the tests in a 
different module.

STeVe
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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[Ben Finney]

"OKB (not okblacke)" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

>   Underscores are harder to type than any alphanumeric character.

I know of no keyboard layout in common use where it's more complicated
than +, exactly the same as a single uppercase
letter. Care to enlighten me?

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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[Ben Finney]

Stefan Sonnenberg-Carstens <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> I prefer mixedCaseStyle, and I think that should be "standard",

I dislike it. It's inconsistent, and confusingly similar to
TitleCaseStyle used for class names in Python.

> as this style is commonly used in all "major" languages , for
> example Java,C++,C#.

Is C no longer a "major" language? The long-standing convention there
is for lower_case_with_underscores.

> It shortens the identifiers but leaves the meaning intact.

The shortening is both minor, and irrelevant: clarity is worth more
than shorter names merely for the sake of shorter names.

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Re: ten small Python programs

[Steven Bethard]

Steve Howell wrote:
> --- Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
>> I think I would rewrite the current unit-testing
>> example to use the 
>> standard library unittest module::
>>
>>  # Let's write reusable code, and unit test it.
>>  def add_money(amounts):
>>  # do arithmetic in pennies so as not to
>> accumulate float errors
>>  pennies = sum([round(int(amount * 100)) for
>> amount in amounts])
>>  return float(pennies / 100.0)
>>  import unittest
>>  class TestAddMoney(unittest.TestCase):
>>  def test_float_errors(self):
>>  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0.13,
>> 0.02]), 0.15)
>>  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([100.01,
>> 99.99]), 200)
>>  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0,
>> -13.00, 13.00]), 0)
>>  if __name__ == '__main__':
>>  unittest.main()
>>
>> I believe I've still kept it to 13 lines.
>>
> 
> I approve this change, although in a sense, it's
> harder for a Python newbie, because it introduces
> inheritance a little earlier than I would have liked.
> 
> FWIW I'm in the minority (I think) of people that
> prefer roll-your-own testing, but I don't want to
> argue that, because I think it mostly comes down to
> personal preference.

Have you tried py.test?

 http://codespeak.net/py/dist/test.html

I've heard good things about it, but haven't gotten around to trying it 
yet. Here's a two-line test suite from the page above:

 def test_answer():
 assert 42 == 43

STeVe
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Re: ten small Python programs

[Steve Howell]

--- Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Steve Howell wrote:
> > --- Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> wrote:
> >> I think I would rewrite the current unit-testing
> >> example to use the 
> >> standard library unittest module::
> >>
> >>  # Let's write reusable code, and unit test
> it.
> >>  def add_money(amounts):
> >>  # do arithmetic in pennies so as not to
> >> accumulate float errors
> >>  pennies = sum([round(int(amount * 100))
> for
> >> amount in amounts])
> >>  return float(pennies / 100.0)
> >>  import unittest
> >>  class TestAddMoney(unittest.TestCase):
> >>  def test_float_errors(self):
> >> 
> self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0.13,
> >> 0.02]), 0.15)
> >> 
> self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([100.01,
> >> 99.99]), 200)
> >>  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0,
> >> -13.00, 13.00]), 0)
> >>  if __name__ == '__main__':
> >>  unittest.main()
> >>
> > 
> > Just a minor quibble, but wouldn't you want the
> import
> > and test class to only get executed in the
> ___main__
> > context?
> 
> That would be fine too. In the real world, I'd put
> the tests in a 
> different module.
> 

Maybe this is the first good example that motivates a
hyperlink to alternatives.  Would you accept the idea
that we keep my original example on the SimplePrograms
page, but we link to a UnitTestingPhilosophies page,
and we show your alternative there?  Or vice versa,
show your example on the first page, but then show
mine on the hyperlinked page?

I am in 100% agreement with you that most unit tests
would be completely outside the module, although I
often follow the practice that my modules have a
little "if __main__" section that runs a few simple
unit tests, as sort of a bit of self-documentation.




   
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Re: ten small Python programs

[Steven Bethard]

Steve Howell wrote:
> --- Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
>> Steve Howell wrote:
>>> --- Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>> wrote:
 I think I would rewrite the current unit-testing
 example to use the 
 standard library unittest module::

  # Let's write reusable code, and unit test
>> it.
  def add_money(amounts):
  # do arithmetic in pennies so as not to
 accumulate float errors
  pennies = sum([round(int(amount * 100))
>> for
 amount in amounts])
  return float(pennies / 100.0)
  import unittest
  class TestAddMoney(unittest.TestCase):
  def test_float_errors(self):
 
>> self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0.13,
 0.02]), 0.15)
 
>> self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([100.01,
 99.99]), 200)
  self.failUnlessEqual(add_money([0,
 -13.00, 13.00]), 0)
  if __name__ == '__main__':
  unittest.main()

>>> Just a minor quibble, but wouldn't you want the
>> import
>>> and test class to only get executed in the
>> ___main__
>>> context?
>> That would be fine too. In the real world, I'd put
>> the tests in a 
>> different module.
>>
> 
> Maybe this is the first good example that motivates a
> hyperlink to alternatives.  Would you accept the idea
> that we keep my original example on the SimplePrograms
> page, but we link to a UnitTestingPhilosophies page,
> and we show your alternative there?  Or vice versa,
> show your example on the first page, but then show
> mine on the hyperlinked page?

Sure.  Either way is fine.

STeVe
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unit testing

[Steve Howell]

--- Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Have you tried py.test?
> 
>  http://codespeak.net/py/dist/test.html
> 
> I've heard good things about it, but haven't gotten
> around to trying it 
> yet. Here's a two-line test suite from the page
> above:
> 
>  def test_answer():
>  assert 42 == 43
> 

Changed the subject line.

Nope, I haven't.  I'm a tremendous advocate of unit
testing, but I've never felt compelled to try out
other libraries, because I work mostly on private code
now, so the
following-standard-practices-to-benefit-from-familiarity
argument doesn't carry much weight with me, and also
because I find it easy enough to do things on a
roll-your-own basis.  YMMV, of course.

I have slowly introduced unit testing into my own work
environment, with some success.  We don't use a 3rd
party testing framework, but here's my roll-your-own
approach:

   1) For flat-out failures, we just fail with a
traceback right away.  We don't bother to capture
stats on how many tests failed.  If one test fails,
that's enough to clue in a developer that he/she broke
something.

   2) We don't use assertions very often, but rather
just diff the output files to the GOLD files.  This
may eventually stop to scale, but it hasn't yet.

   3)We have a little trickery to override imports,
etc., as 99.99% of our code was never written with
unit testing in mind, but I still want to regression
test it.

  4) We have quite a few mock-ish objects, mainly
relating to simulating I/O situations.



  





   
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Re: ten small Python programs

[Steve Howell]

--- Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > 
> > Maybe this is the first good example that
> motivates a
> > hyperlink to alternatives.  Would you accept the
> idea
> > that we keep my original example on the
> SimplePrograms
> > page, but we link to a UnitTestingPhilosophies
> page,
> > and we show your alternative there?  Or vice
> versa,
> > show your example on the first page, but then show
> > mine on the hyperlinked page?
> 
> Sure.  Either way is fine.
> 

Ok, for now, I'm taking no action, let's let the unit
testing discussion progress a little.  Despite my
saying early that I don't want to debate it, I do want
to discuss it :), as it is near in dear to my heart.



   
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Re: itertools.groupby

[Carsten Haese]

On Sun, 2007-05-27 at 10:17 -0700, 7stud wrote:
> Bejeezus.  The description of groupby in the docs is a poster child
> for why the docs need user comments.  Can someone explain to me in
> what sense the name 'uniquekeys' is used this example:
> 
> 
> import itertools
> 
> mylist = ['a', 1, 'b', 2, 3, 'c']
> 
> def isString(x):
> s = str(x)
> if s == x:
> return True
> else:
> return False
> 
> uniquekeys = []
> groups = []
> for k, g in itertools.groupby(mylist, isString):
> uniquekeys.append(k)
> groups.append(list(g))
> 
> print uniquekeys
> print groups
> 
> --output:--
> [True, False, True, False, True]
> [['a'], [1], ['b'], [2, 3], ['c']]

The so-called example you're quoting from the docs is not an actual
example of using itertools.groupby, but suggested code for how you can
store the grouping if you need to iterate over it twice, since iterators
are in general not repeatable.

As such, 'uniquekeys' lists the key values that correspond to each group
in 'groups'. groups[0] is the list of elements grouped under
uniquekeys[0], groups[1] is the list of elements grouped under
uniquekeys[1], etc. You are getting surprising results because your data
is not sorted by the group key. Your group key alternates between True
and False.

Maybe you need to explain to us what you're actually trying to do.
User-supplied comments to the documentation won't help with that.

Regards,

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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[Paul Rubin]

Paul McGuire <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> code about once/year.  But it does mean that additions to the external
> API to the std lib will contain method calls such as get_files,
> send_message, delete_record, etc.  I think this just promotes a
> perception of Python as "so last century."

I think you've got it backwards; the godawful MixedCase style goes
back to Smalltalk, which couldn't use underscores in identifiers
because it had assigned some other purpose to that character.
That it was picked up by Java is not evidence of anything other
than Java's Vogon-like tastelessness, and of course C# uses it since
C# is basically a Java dialect.
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Re: Why isn't this query working in python?

[Steve Holden]

Steve Howell wrote:
> --- erikcw <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
 ('SELECT payment_id FROM amember_payments WHERE
>> member_id=%s AND
 expire_date > NOW() AND completed=1 AND
>> (product_id >11 AND product_id
 <21)', (1608L,))
 ()
>> Here is a copy of the table schema and the first 2
>> rows.
>>
> 
> Does your table actually contain any rows that meet
> the criteria that expire_date is in the future,
> completed is 1, product id is between 11 and 21, etc.?
> 
> Have you tried debugging the SQL outside of Python?
> 
This thread all started because a manual query was claimed to succeed 
when a Python-based one was claimed not to.

regards
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Re: itertools.groupby

[paul]

Steve Howell schrieb:
> --- Steve Howell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
>> --- 7stud <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>
>>> Bejeezus.  The description of groupby in the docs
>> is
>>> a poster child
>>> for why the docs need user comments.  
> 
> Regarding the pitfalls of groupby in general (even
> assuming we had better documentation), I invite people
> to view the following posting that I made on
> python-ideas, entitled "SQL-like way to manipulate
> Python data structures":
> 
> http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-ideas/2007-May/000807.html
> 
> In the thread, I don't really make a proposal, so much
> as a problem statement, but my radical idea is that
> lists of dictionaries fit the relational model
> perfectly, so why not allow some kind of native SQL
> syntax in Python that allows you to manipulate those
> data structures more naturally?

LINQ?

cheers
  Paul

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Re: Why isn't this query working in python?

[Steve Holden]

erikcw wrote:
> On May 26, 8:21 pm, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> On May 27, 5:25 am, erikcw <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>
>>
>>
>>> On May 25, 11:28 am, Carsten Haese <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
 On Fri, 2007-05-25 at 09:51 -0500, Dave Borne wrote:
>> I'm trying to run the following query:
> ...
>> member_id=%s AND expire_date > NOW() AND completed=1 AND (product_id
> Shouldn't you be using the bind variable '?' instead of '%s' ?
 The parameter placeholder for MySQLdb is, indeed and unfortunately, %s.
 The OP is using parameter substitution correctly, though in an
 obfuscated fashion. 'sql' is a misnamed tuple containing both the query
 string *and* the parameters, which is being unpacked with '*' into two
 arguments to the execute call.
 The only problem I see is that the parameters should be a sequence, i.e.
 (self.uid,) instead of just (self.uid).
 HTH,
 --
 Carsten Haesehttp://informixdb.sourceforge.net
>>> I tried adding the comma to make it a sequence - but now change.
>>> ('SELECT payment_id FROM amember_payments WHERE member_id=%s AND
>>> expire_date > NOW() AND completed=1 AND (product_id >11 AND product_id
>>> <21)', (1608L,))
>>> ()
>>> What else could it be?
>> Possibly a type mismatch. How is member_id declared in the CREATE
>> TABLE? For diagnostic purposes, try passing in (1608,) and ('1608',).
> 
> Here is a copy of the table schema and the first 2 rows.
> 
> -- phpMyAdmin SQL Dump
> -- version 2.9.0.2
> -- http://www.phpmyadmin.net
> --
> -- Host: localhost
> -- Generation Time: May 27, 2007 at 11:29 AM
> -- Server version: 5.0.27
> -- PHP Version: 4.4.2
> --
> -- Database: `lybp_lybp`
> --
> 
> -- 
> 
> --
> -- Table structure for table `amember_payments`
> --
> 
> CREATE TABLE `amember_payments` (
>   `payment_id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
>   `member_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
>   `product_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
>   `begin_date` date NOT NULL default '-00-00',
>   `expire_date` date NOT NULL default '-00-00',
>   `paysys_id` varchar(32) NOT NULL default '',
>   `receipt_id` varchar(32) NOT NULL default '',
>   `amount` decimal(12,2) NOT NULL default '0.00',
>   `completed` smallint(6) default '0',
>   `remote_addr` varchar(15) NOT NULL default '',
>   `data` text,
>   `time` timestamp NOT NULL default CURRENT_TIMESTAMP on update
> CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
>   `aff_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
>   `payer_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL default '',
>   `coupon_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
>   `tm_added` datetime NOT NULL default '-00-00 00:00:00',
>   `tm_completed` datetime default NULL,
>   `tax_amount` decimal(12,2) NOT NULL default '0.00',
>   PRIMARY KEY  (`payment_id`),
>   KEY `member_id` (`member_id`),
>   KEY `payer_id` (`payer_id`),
>   KEY `coupon_id` (`coupon_id`),
>   KEY `tm_added` (`tm_added`,`product_id`),
>   KEY `tm_completed` (`tm_completed`,`product_id`)
> ) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=11020 ;
> 
> --
> -- Dumping data for table `amember_payments`
> --
> 
> INSERT INTO `amember_payments` VALUES (423, 107, 1, '2004-10-01',
> '2004-10-21', 'authorize_aim', '5687944', 3.95, 1, '', NULL,
> '2004-11-30 19:21:43', 0, '', 0, '2004-11-30 19:21:43', '2004-11-30
> 19:21:43', 0.00);
> INSERT INTO `amember_payments` VALUES (422, 107, 1, '2004-10-22',
> '2004-11-21', 'authorize_aim', '5873225', 9.95, 1, '', NULL,
> '2004-11-30 19:22:18', 0, '', 0, '2004-11-30 19:20:13', '2004-11-30
> 19:20:13', 0.00);
> 
> Thanks for your help!
> Erik
> 
I feel obliged to point out that there ARE no rows meeting the criteria 
you query specified!

mysql> SELECT expire_date, NOW() FROM amember_payments;
+-+-+
| expire_date | NOW()   |
+-+-+
| 2004-10-21  | 2007-05-27 15:59:21 |
| 2004-11-21  | 2007-05-27 15:59:21 |
+-+-+
2 rows in set (0.02 sec)

mysql>

So I am not sure how you managed to get a manual query to work, but do 
be sure that the Python query you mentioned at the start of the thread

 sql = """SELECT payment_id FROM amember_payments WHERE
member_id=%s AND expire_date > NOW() AND completed=1 AND (product_id
 > >11 AND product_id <21)""", (self.uid)

doesn't stand a chance of returning any results unless you use a time 
machine to go back almost three years!

regards
  Steve
-- 
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Re: ten small Python programs

[Paul Rubin]

Steven Bethard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> I think I would rewrite the current unit-testing example to use the
> standard library unittest module::

I think these days we're supposed to like doctest better than unittest.
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Re: Why isn't this query working in python?

[davelist]

On May 27, 2007, at 4:01 PM, Steve Holden wrote:

> erikcw wrote:
>> On May 26, 8:21 pm, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>> On May 27, 5:25 am, erikcw <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>
 On May 25, 11:28 am, Carsten Haese <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Fri, 2007-05-25 at 09:51 -0500, Dave Borne wrote:
>>> I'm trying to run the following query:
>> ...
>>> member_id=%s AND expire_date > NOW() AND completed=1 AND  
>>> (product_id
>> Shouldn't you be using the bind variable '?' instead of '%s' ?
> The parameter placeholder for MySQLdb is, indeed and  
> unfortunately, %s.
> The OP is using parameter substitution correctly, though in an
> obfuscated fashion. 'sql' is a misnamed tuple containing both  
> the query
> string *and* the parameters, which is being unpacked with '*'  
> into two
> arguments to the execute call.
> The only problem I see is that the parameters should be a  
> sequence, i.e.
> (self.uid,) instead of just (self.uid).
> HTH,
> --
> Carsten Haesehttp://informixdb.sourceforge.net
 I tried adding the comma to make it a sequence - but now change.
 ('SELECT payment_id FROM amember_payments WHERE member_id=%s AND
 expire_date > NOW() AND completed=1 AND (product_id >11 AND  
 product_id
 <21)', (1608L,))
 ()
 What else could it be?
>>> Possibly a type mismatch. How is member_id declared in the CREATE
>>> TABLE? For diagnostic purposes, try passing in (1608,) and  
>>> ('1608',).
>>
>> Here is a copy of the table schema and the first 2 rows.
>>
>> -- phpMyAdmin SQL Dump
>> -- version 2.9.0.2
>> -- http://www.phpmyadmin.net
>> --
>> -- Host: localhost
>> -- Generation Time: May 27, 2007 at 11:29 AM
>> -- Server version: 5.0.27
>> -- PHP Version: 4.4.2
>> --
>> -- Database: `lybp_lybp`
>> --
>>
>> -- 
>>
>> --
>> -- Table structure for table `amember_payments`
>> --
>>
>> CREATE TABLE `amember_payments` (
>>   `payment_id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
>>   `member_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
>>   `product_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
>>   `begin_date` date NOT NULL default '-00-00',
>>   `expire_date` date NOT NULL default '-00-00',
>>   `paysys_id` varchar(32) NOT NULL default '',
>>   `receipt_id` varchar(32) NOT NULL default '',
>>   `amount` decimal(12,2) NOT NULL default '0.00',
>>   `completed` smallint(6) default '0',
>>   `remote_addr` varchar(15) NOT NULL default '',
>>   `data` text,
>>   `time` timestamp NOT NULL default CURRENT_TIMESTAMP on update
>> CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
>>   `aff_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
>>   `payer_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL default '',
>>   `coupon_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
>>   `tm_added` datetime NOT NULL default '-00-00 00:00:00',
>>   `tm_completed` datetime default NULL,
>>   `tax_amount` decimal(12,2) NOT NULL default '0.00',
>>   PRIMARY KEY  (`payment_id`),
>>   KEY `member_id` (`member_id`),
>>   KEY `payer_id` (`payer_id`),
>>   KEY `coupon_id` (`coupon_id`),
>>   KEY `tm_added` (`tm_added`,`product_id`),
>>   KEY `tm_completed` (`tm_completed`,`product_id`)
>> ) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=11020 ;
>>
>> --
>> -- Dumping data for table `amember_payments`
>> --
>>
>> INSERT INTO `amember_payments` VALUES (423, 107, 1, '2004-10-01',
>> '2004-10-21', 'authorize_aim', '5687944', 3.95, 1, '', NULL,
>> '2004-11-30 19:21:43', 0, '', 0, '2004-11-30 19:21:43', '2004-11-30
>> 19:21:43', 0.00);
>> INSERT INTO `amember_payments` VALUES (422, 107, 1, '2004-10-22',
>> '2004-11-21', 'authorize_aim', '5873225', 9.95, 1, '', NULL,
>> '2004-11-30 19:22:18', 0, '', 0, '2004-11-30 19:20:13', '2004-11-30
>> 19:20:13', 0.00);
>>
>> Thanks for your help!
>> Erik
>>
> I feel obliged to point out that there ARE no rows meeting the  
> criteria
> you query specified!
>
> mysql> SELECT expire_date, NOW() FROM amember_payments;
> +-+-+
> | expire_date | NOW()   |
> +-+-+
> | 2004-10-21  | 2007-05-27 15:59:21 |
> | 2004-11-21  | 2007-05-27 15:59:21 |
> +-+-+
> 2 rows in set (0.02 sec)
>
> mysql>
>
> So I am not sure how you managed to get a manual query to work, but do
> be sure that the Python query you mentioned at the start of the thread
>
>  sql = """SELECT payment_id FROM amember_payments WHERE
> member_id=%s AND expire_date > NOW() AND completed=1 AND (product_id
>>> 11 AND product_id <21)""", (self.uid)
>


And doesn't the above comma, need to be a percent symbol?

Dave


> doesn't stand a chance of returning any results unless you use a time
> machine to go back almost three years!
>
> regards
>   Steve


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Re: Is PEP-8 a Code or More of a Guideline?

[Roy Smith]

Ben Finney <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Is C no longer a "major" language? The long-standing convention there
> is for lower_case_with_underscores.

Which dates back to the days of ASR-33's which only had one case (upper 
case, as a matter of fact).  Does nobody else remember C compilers which 
accepted \( and \) for { and }?
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Can python create a dictionary from a list comprehension?

[erikcw]

Hi,

I'm trying to turn o list of objects into a dictionary using a list
comprehension.

Something like

entries = {}
 [entries[int(d.date.strftime('%m'))] = d.id] for d in links]

I keep getting errors when I try to do it.  Is it possible?  Do
dictionary objects have a method equivalent to [].append?  Maybe a
lambda?

Thanks for your help!
Erik

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Re: Why isn't this query working in python?

[erikcw]

On May 27, 4:01 pm, Steve Holden <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> erikcw wrote:
> > On May 26, 8:21 pm, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >> On May 27, 5:25 am, erikcw <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> >>> On May 25, 11:28 am, Carsten Haese <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>  On Fri, 2007-05-25 at 09:51 -0500, Dave Borne wrote:
> >> I'm trying to run the following query:
> > ...
> >> member_id=%s AND expire_date > NOW() AND completed=1 AND (product_id
> > Shouldn't you be using the bind variable '?' instead of '%s' ?
>  The parameter placeholder for MySQLdb is, indeed and unfortunately, %s.
>  The OP is using parameter substitution correctly, though in an
>  obfuscated fashion. 'sql' is a misnamed tuple containing both the query
>  string *and* the parameters, which is being unpacked with '*' into two
>  arguments to the execute call.
>  The only problem I see is that the parameters should be a sequence, i.e.
>  (self.uid,) instead of just (self.uid).
>  HTH,
>  --
>  Carsten Haesehttp://informixdb.sourceforge.net
> >>> I tried adding the comma to make it a sequence - but now change.
> >>> ('SELECT payment_id FROM amember_payments WHERE member_id=%s AND
> >>> expire_date > NOW() AND completed=1 AND (product_id >11 AND product_id
> >>> <21)', (1608L,))
> >>> ()
> >>> What else could it be?
> >> Possibly a type mismatch. How is member_id declared in the CREATE
> >> TABLE? For diagnostic purposes, try passing in (1608,) and ('1608',).
>
> > Here is a copy of the table schema and the first 2 rows.
>
> > -- phpMyAdmin SQL Dump
> > -- version 2.9.0.2
> > --http://www.phpmyadmin.net
> > --
> > -- Host: localhost
> > -- Generation Time: May 27, 2007 at 11:29 AM
> > -- Server version: 5.0.27
> > -- PHP Version: 4.4.2
> > --
> > -- Database: `lybp_lybp`
> > --
>
> > -- 
>
> > --
> > -- Table structure for table `amember_payments`
> > --
>
> > CREATE TABLE `amember_payments` (
> >   `payment_id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
> >   `member_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
> >   `product_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
> >   `begin_date` date NOT NULL default '-00-00',
> >   `expire_date` date NOT NULL default '-00-00',
> >   `paysys_id` varchar(32) NOT NULL default '',
> >   `receipt_id` varchar(32) NOT NULL default '',
> >   `amount` decimal(12,2) NOT NULL default '0.00',
> >   `completed` smallint(6) default '0',
> >   `remote_addr` varchar(15) NOT NULL default '',
> >   `data` text,
> >   `time` timestamp NOT NULL default CURRENT_TIMESTAMP on update
> > CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
> >   `aff_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
> >   `payer_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL default '',
> >   `coupon_id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
> >   `tm_added` datetime NOT NULL default '-00-00 00:00:00',
> >   `tm_completed` datetime default NULL,
> >   `tax_amount` decimal(12,2) NOT NULL default '0.00',
> >   PRIMARY KEY  (`payment_id`),
> >   KEY `member_id` (`member_id`),
> >   KEY `payer_id` (`payer_id`),
> >   KEY `coupon_id` (`coupon_id`),
> >   KEY `tm_added` (`tm_added`,`product_id`),
> >   KEY `tm_completed` (`tm_completed`,`product_id`)
> > ) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=11020 ;
>
> > --
> > -- Dumping data for table `amember_payments`
> > --
>
> > INSERT INTO `amember_payments` VALUES (423, 107, 1, '2004-10-01',
> > '2004-10-21', 'authorize_aim', '5687944', 3.95, 1, '', NULL,
> > '2004-11-30 19:21:43', 0, '', 0, '2004-11-30 19:21:43', '2004-11-30
> > 19:21:43', 0.00);
> > INSERT INTO `amember_payments` VALUES (422, 107, 1, '2004-10-22',
> > '2004-11-21', 'authorize_aim', '5873225', 9.95, 1, '', NULL,
> > '2004-11-30 19:22:18', 0, '', 0, '2004-11-30 19:20:13', '2004-11-30
> > 19:20:13', 0.00);
>
> > Thanks for your help!
> > Erik
>
> I feel obliged to point out that there ARE no rows meeting the criteria
> you query specified!
>
> mysql> SELECT expire_date, NOW() FROM amember_payments;
> +-+-+
> | expire_date | NOW()   |
> +-+-+
> | 2004-10-21  | 2007-05-27 15:59:21 |
> | 2004-11-21  | 2007-05-27 15:59:21 |
> +-+-+
> 2 rows in set (0.02 sec)
>
> mysql>
>
> So I am not sure how you managed to get a manual query to work, but do
> be sure that the Python query you mentioned at the start of the thread
>
>  sql = """SELECT payment_id FROM amember_payments WHERE
> member_id=%s AND expire_date > NOW() AND completed=1 AND (product_id
>  > >11 AND product_id <21)""", (self.uid)
>
> doesn't stand a chance of returning any results unless you use a time
> machine to go back almost three years!
>
> regards
>   Steve
> --
> Steve Holden+1 571 484 6266   +1 800 494 3119
> Holden Web LLC/Ltd  http://www.holdenweb.com
> Skype: holdenweb  http://del.icio.us/steve.holden
> -- Asciimercial -
> Get on the web: Blog, lens and tag your 

Re: Can python create a dictionary from a list comprehension?

[half . italian]

On May 27, 1:55 pm, erikcw <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I'm trying to turn o list of objects into a dictionary using a list
> comprehension.
>
> Something like
>
> entries = {}
>  [entries[int(d.date.strftime('%m'))] = d.id] for d in links]
>
> I keep getting errors when I try to do it.  Is it possible?  Do
> dictionary objects have a method equivalent to [].append?  Maybe a
> lambda?
>
> Thanks for your help!
> Erik

try...

[entries.__setitem__(int(d.date.strftime('%m'))], d.id) for d in
links]

btw...I was curious of this too.  I used 'dir(dict)' and looked for a
method that might do what we wanted and bingo!

~Sean

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Re: Can python create a dictionary from a list comprehension?

[Stefan Sonnenberg-Carstens]

erikcw schrieb:
> Hi,
>
> I'm trying to turn o list of objects into a dictionary using a list
> comprehension.
>
> Something like
>
> entries = {}
>  [entries[int(d.date.strftime('%m'))] = d.id] for d in links]
>
> I keep getting errors when I try to do it.  Is it possible?  Do
> dictionary objects have a method equivalent to [].append?  Maybe a
> lambda?
>
> Thanks for your help!
> Erik
>
>   
normally a dict(whatEver) will do ;-)

Example:

a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]

aDict = dict([(x,x+1) for x in a if x%2==0])

print aDict

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Re: Can python create a dictionary from a list comprehension?

[Pierre Quentel]

On 27 mai, 22:55, erikcw <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I'm trying to turn o list of objects into a dictionary using a list
> comprehension.
>
> Something like
>
> entries = {}
>  [entries[int(d.date.strftime('%m'))] = d.id] for d in links]
>
> I keep getting errors when I try to do it.  Is it possible?  Do
> dictionary objects have a method equivalent to [].append?  Maybe a
> lambda?
>
> Thanks for your help!
> Erik

entries = dict([ (int(d.date.strftime('%m')),d.id) for d in links] )

With Python2.4 and above you can use a "generator expression"

entries = dict( (int(d.date.strftime('%m')),d.id) for d in links )


Regards,
Pierre

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expat parser

[Sebastian Bassi]

I have this code:

import xml.parsers.expat
def start_element(name, attrs):
print 'Start element:', name, attrs
def end_element(name):
print 'End element:', name
def char_data(data):
print 'Character data:', repr(data)
p = xml.parsers.expat.ParserCreate()
p.StartElementHandler = start_element
p.EndElementHandler = end_element
p.CharacterDataHandler = char_data
fh=open("/home/sbassi/bioinfo/smallUniprot.xml","r")
p.ParseFile(fh)

And I get this on the output:

...
Start element: sequence {u'checksum': u'E0C0CC2E1F189B8A', u'length': u'393'}
Character data: u'\n'
Character data: u'MPKKKPTPIQLNPAPDGSAVNGTSSAETNLEALQKKLEELELDEQQRKRL'
Character data: u'\n'
Character data: u'EAFLTQKQKVGELKDDDFEKISELGAGNGGVVFKVSHKPSGLVMARKLIH'
...
End element: sequence
...

Is there a way to have the character data together in one string? I
guess it should not be difficult, but I can't do it. Each time the
parse reads a line, return a line, and I want to have it in one
variable.

(the file is here: http://sbassi.googlepages.com/smallUniprot.xml)
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Re: itertools.groupby

[Steve Howell]

--- paul <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > 
> > Regarding the pitfalls of groupby in general (even
> > assuming we had better documentation), I invite
> people
> > to view the following posting that I made on
> > python-ideas, entitled "SQL-like way to manipulate
> > Python data structures":
> > 
> 
> LINQ?
> 

Maybe.  I think they're at least trying to solve the
same problem as I am.




 

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Re: itertools.groupby

[Steve Howell]

--- Carsten Haese <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> On Sun, 2007-05-27 at 10:17 -0700, 7stud wrote:
> > Bejeezus.  The description of groupby in the docs
> is a poster child
> > for why the docs need user comments.  Can someone
> explain to me in
> > what sense the name 'uniquekeys' is used this
> example:
> > 
> > 
> > import itertools
> > 
> > mylist = ['a', 1, 'b', 2, 3, 'c']
> > 
> > def isString(x):
> > s = str(x)
> > if s == x:
> > return True
> > else:
> > return False
> > 
> > uniquekeys = []
> > groups = []
> > for k, g in itertools.groupby(mylist, isString):
> > uniquekeys.append(k)
> > groups.append(list(g))
> > 
> > print uniquekeys
> > print groups
> > 
> > --output:--
> > [True, False, True, False, True]
> > [['a'], [1], ['b'], [2, 3], ['c']]
> 
> The so-called example you're quoting from the docs
> is not an actual
> example of using itertools.groupby [...]

Huh?  How is code that uses itertools.groupby not an
actual example of using itertools.groupby?

These docs need work.  Please do not defend them;
please suggest improvements.




   
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Re: Help with PySMS

[Petr Jakes]

Maybe you can try python binding for gammu, which works great for me.
HTH
Petr Jakes

http://cihar.com/gammu/python/

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Error in optparse documentation

[Shatadal]

In the python documentation section 14.3.2.6 (http://docs.python.org/
lib/optparse-generating-help.html) in the last line it is written

"options that have a default value can include %default in the help
string--optparse will replace it with str() of the option's default
value. If an option has no default value (or the default value is
None), %default expands to none."

However this is true only for python 2.4 and newer and not for older
versions. Though the documentation for optparse (section 14.3,
http://docs.python.org/lib/module-optparse.html) says that the module
is new for python 2.3, in this version a help string (default value =
intermediate) e.g.

help="interaction mode: novice, intermediate, or expert [default:
%default]"

prints

interaction mode: novice, intermediate, or expert [default: %default]

and not:

interaction mode: novice, intermediate, or expert [default:
intermediate]

Only in python 2.4 and newer do you see the help string print as

interaction mode: novice, intermediate, or expert [default:
intermediate]

I think the documentation should be modified so that it is made clear
that %default in the help string behaves as is claimed only in version
2.4 and higher.


O.S. used is RHEL 9

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Re: Newbie question - better way to do this?

[John Machin]

On May 28, 12:46 am, Steven D'Aprano
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Sun, 27 May 2007 06:44:01 -0700, Eric wrote:
> > words is a big long array of strings.  What I want to do is find
> > consecutive sequences of words that have the first letter capitalized,
> > and then call doSomething on them.  (And you can ignore the fact that
> > it won't find a sequence at the very end of words, that is fine for my
> > purposes).
>
> Assuming the list of words will fit into memory, and you can probably
> expect to fit anything up to millions of words comfortably into memory,
> something like this might be suitable:
>
> list_of_words = "lots of words go here".split()
>
> accumulator = []
> for word in list_of_words:
> if word.istitle():
> accumulator.append(word)
> else:
> doSomething(accumulator)
> accumulator = []
>
Bzzzt. Needs the following code at the end:
if accumulator:
doSomething(accumulator)

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Re: Newbie question - better way to do this?

[Steve Howell]

--- John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

(And you can
> > > ignore the fact that
> > > it won't find a sequence at the very end of
> words, that is fine for my
> > > purposes).
> > [...]
>
> Bzzzt. Needs the following code at the end:
> if accumulator:
> doSomething(accumulator)
> 

FWIW the OP already conceded that bug, but you're
right that it's a common anti-pattern, which is just a
nice word for bug. :)

The itertools.groupby() function is a well-intended
attempt to steer folks away from this anti-pattern,
although I think it has usability issues, mostly
related to the docs (see other thread).




   
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Re: How to do this in python with regular expressions

[snorble]

On May 25, 6:51 am, Jia Lu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi all
>
>  I'm trying to parsing html with re module.
>
>  html = """
>  
> 
>
> DATA1DATA2DATA3 HT>DATA4
> 
>
> DATA5DATA6DATA7DATA8
>
> 
> """
>
> I want to get DATA1-8 from that string.(DATA maybe not english words.)
> Can anyone tell me how to do it with regular expression in python?
>
> Thank you very much.



# example1.py
# This example will print out more than what's in the HTML table. It
would also print
# out text between  tags, and so on.

import HTMLParser

class DataParser(HTMLParser.HTMLParser):
def handle_data (self, data):
data = data.strip()
if data:
print data

html = '''



DATA1DATA2DATA3DATA4


DATA5DATA6DATA7DATA8


'''

parser = DataParser()
parser.feed(html)
parser.close()



example1.py output:

$ python example1.py
DATA1
DATA2
DATA3
DATA4
DATA5
DATA6
DATA7
DATA8



# example2.py
# This example uses the re module to pull out only the table portions
of HTML. This
# should only print out data between  tags. Notice that
there is some
# data between the  tags that is not present in the
output.

import HTMLParser
import re

class DataParser(HTMLParser.HTMLParser):
def handle_data (self, data):
data = data.strip()
if data:
print data

html = '''

  
  
body data 1

  table 1 data 1
  table 1 data 2



  table 2 data 1
  table 2 data 2

body data 2
  

'''

tables_list = re.findall('.*?', html, re.DOTALL |
re.IGNORECASE)
tables_html = str.join(' ', tables_list)

parser = DataParser()
parser.feed(tables_html)
parser.close()



example2.py output:

$ python example2.py
table 1 data 1
table 1 data 2
table 2 data 1
table 2 data 2



# example3.py
# This example does basically the same thing as example2.py, but it
uses HTMLParser
# to keep track of whether the data is between  tags.

import HTMLParser

class DataParser(HTMLParser.HTMLParser):
def __init__ (self):
HTMLParser.HTMLParser.__init__(self)
self.table_count = 0
def handle_starttag (self, tag, attrs):
if tag == 'table':
self.table_count += 1
def handle_endtag (self, tag):
if tag == 'table':
self.table_count -= 1
def handle_data (self, data):
data = data.strip()
if data and self.table_count > 0:
print data

html = '''

  
  
body data 1

  table 1 data 1
  table 1 data 2



  table 2 data 1
  table 2 data 2

body data 2
  

'''

parser = DataParser()
parser.feed(html)
parser.close()



example3.py output:

$ python example3.py
table 1 data 1
table 1 data 2
table 2 data 1
table 2 data 2

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Re: Newbie question - better way to do this?

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Sun, 27 May 2007 14:55:42 -0700, John Machin wrote:

> On May 28, 12:46 am, Steven D'Aprano
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> On Sun, 27 May 2007 06:44:01 -0700, Eric wrote:
>> > words is a big long array of strings.  What I want to do is find
>> > consecutive sequences of words that have the first letter capitalized,
>> > and then call doSomething on them.  (And you can ignore the fact that
>> > it won't find a sequence at the very end of words, that is fine for my
>> > purposes).
>>
>> Assuming the list of words will fit into memory, and you can probably
>> expect to fit anything up to millions of words comfortably into memory,
>> something like this might be suitable:
>>
>> list_of_words = "lots of words go here".split()
>>
>> accumulator = []
>> for word in list_of_words:
>> if word.istitle():
>> accumulator.append(word)
>> else:
>> doSomething(accumulator)
>> accumulator = []
>>
> Bzzzt. Needs the following code at the end:
> if accumulator:
> doSomething(accumulator)


Bzzzt! Somebody didn't read the Original Poster's comment "And you can
ignore the fact that it won't find a sequence at the very end of words,
that is fine for my purposes".

Of course, for somebody whose requirements _aren't_ broken, you would be
completely right. Besides, I'm under no obligation to write all the O.P.'s
code for him, just point him in the right direction.


-- 
Steven.

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Re: ten small Python programs

[Adonis Vargas]

Steve Howell wrote:
> I've always thought that the best way to introduce new
> programmers to Python is to show them small code
> examples.  



You could try this wiki page:

http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Main_Page

It has a fair amount of Python examples as well as many more other 
languages (doing the same algorithm).

Hope this helps.

Adonis
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Re: Error in optparse documentation

[Steven Bethard]

Shatadal wrote:
> In the python documentation section 14.3.2.6 (http://docs.python.org/
> lib/optparse-generating-help.html) in the last line it is written
> 
> "options that have a default value can include %default in the help
> string--optparse will replace it with str() of the option's default
> value. If an option has no default value (or the default value is
> None), %default expands to none."
> 
> However this is true only for python 2.4 and newer and not for older
> versions.

The optparse module is externally maintained. You should file a 
documentation bug at http://optik.sourceforge.net/

STeVe
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Re: Newbie question - better way to do this?

[Steve Howell]

--- Steven D'Aprano  wrote:

> On Sun, 27 May 2007 14:55:42 -0700, John Machin
> wrote:
> > Bzzzt. 
> Bzzzt!

Can we please refrain from buzzer sounds in this
mostly civil forum, even if one beep deserves another?




 

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