Re: 'IF' Syntax For Alternative Conditions

[Duncan Booth]

"Gabriel Genellina" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Note that most (if not all) Python keywords are lowercase.
> 
All keywords are lower case.

and   del   from  not   while
aselif  globalorwith 
assertelse  ifpass  yield
break exceptimportprint  
class exec  inraise  
continue  finally   isreturn 
def   for   lambdatry

'None' is not entirely lowercase, and you cannot assign to it, but 
technically it isn't a keyword.
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Referencing vars, methods and classes by name

[Sagari]

Greetings,

Sorry for a newbiw question: what is a most elegant and/or effective
way to reference vars, methods and classes by their names in Python?

To illustrate, PHP code:

$a = ''b';
$$a = $something; // assign to $b
$$a($p1); // call function b($p1)
$obj->$a(); // call method b() of the instance $obj

What is the Python way of performing the same indirections?

References to online docs/articles related to the subject are very
welcome.

Thank you!

Konstantin

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Re: Referencing vars, methods and classes by name

[Sagari]

Quite forgot to add the obvious example (in PHP):

$a = 'b';
$obj =& new $a(); // instantiating class b()

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Re: Referencing vars, methods and classes by name

[Paul Rubin]

"Sagari" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> $a = ''b';
> $$a = $something; // assign to $b
> $$a($p1); // call function b($p1)
> $obj->$a(); // call method b() of the instance $obj
> 
> What is the Python way of performing the same indirections?

We would not do that.  We don't (usually) use the interpreter symbol
table as a dictionary (what in perl would be called a hash).  Instead
we use an actual dictionary.  We might say

d = {}# make an empty dictionary
a = 'b'
d[a] = something   # assign to d['b']
some_functab[a](p1) # look up 'b' in some function table and call it

For your last example we could say

   obj.getattr(a)()

but even that is a bit ugly, depending.

For your other examples there are gross hacks using the dictionaries
that represent the local and global symbol tables, so we translate
your examples fairly directly, but stylistically we'd usually stay
away from that kind of thing.
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Re: Referencing vars, methods and classes by name

[Paul Rubin]

"Sagari" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> $a = 'b';
> $obj =& new $a(); // instantiating class b()

Classes are first class objects in python:

  class b:   .  # define class b

We could assign the class object to a variable

  a = b

and make an instance:

  obj = a()# same as "obj = b()"

Continuing that example we could make a dispatch table of classes:

   class b: ...
   class c: ...
   class d: ...

   table = [b, c, d]# 3 element array, each element is a class

   i = 1
   a = table[i] # this means a = c

   obj = a()# instantiate c
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Re: Referencing vars, methods and classes by name

[Gabriel Genellina]

En Thu, 08 Feb 2007 05:29:23 -0300, Paul Rubin  
<"http://phr.cx"@NOSPAM.invalid> escribió:

> "Sagari" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
>> $a = ''b';
>> $obj->$a(); // call method b() of the instance $obj
>>
>> What is the Python way of performing the same indirections?
>
> For your last example we could say
>
>obj.getattr(a)()
>
> but even that is a bit ugly, depending.

Surely you meant to say getattr(obj, a)()

-- 
Gabriel Genellina

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Re: Overloading the tilde operator?

[gatti]

On Feb 8, 7:02 am, Dave Benjamin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Neil Cerutti wrote:
> > There's been only one (or two?) languages in history that
> > attempted to provide programmers with the ability to implement
> > new infix operators, including defining precedence level and
> > associativity (I can't think of the name right now).
>
> You're probably thinking of SML or Haskell. OCaml also allows you to
> define new infix operators, but the associativities are fixed (and
> determined by what punctuation you use).

Also some flavours of Prolog, as descrived in the classic book by
Clocksin & Mellish.

Regarding the OP, I hope his need for an infix tilde operator is
overestimated; there are plenty of infix operators that can be abused,
and at least one of them should be unused and available for
redefinition.

Lorenzo Gatti

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Re: Referencing vars, methods and classes by name

[Paul Rubin]

"Gabriel Genellina" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> >obj.getattr(a)()
> > but even that is a bit ugly, depending.
> Surely you meant to say getattr(obj, a)()

Yeah, darn.  Counterintuitive.  I keep making that error in my own
code too.  Maybe I should put in an RFE.
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Re: idea for testing tools

[Jens Theisen]

Bruno Desthuilliers <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> http://codespeak.net/py/current/doc/test.html#assert-with-the-assert-statement

Ok, I didn't come across this before.

I didn't work for me though, even the simple case

  #!/usr/bin/python

  a = 1
  b = 2

  def test_some():
  assert a == b

didn't reveal the values for a and b, though some more complex cases
showed something.

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iso 8601, quality criteria

[Imbaud Pierre]

for each library/module or even application,
  a note in [0:10] in front of every quality criterium. criteria?:
completeness
robustness
how well tested?
simplicity
documentation
maintenance team responsiveness
usage: how many developpers picked it up and still use it? how many
picked it up but gave it up?
  The list is an obvious oversimplification, each criterium could be
  discussed for hours. robustness, for instance, means: how well does
  it behave when illegal data is fed? A LOT of actual modules
  (comprising mine (:-) raise obscure exceptions.

the iso8601 module is simple enough, easy to install, but fails on
legal data. I guess the fix would be useful, but is it maintained? Is
it in use?
I used xml.dom.minidom, recently. Works fine, but I found the
interface awfully complicated. Right or wrong, when I had to write
some xml, I wrote my own code: better be simple, although untested,
undocumented, etc, than using a module so complicated U never finished
the learning curve...

So, my questions would be:
  - how do You, other developpers, cope with this question?
  - is there such a base, helping to pick up existing modules?
  - if no, dont U think such an initiative might be useful?
  - Those who have to deal with iso8601 dates, how do U proceed?
Ill have a look to mxdatetime, but is it the right answer?
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Re: Calling J from Python

[Robin Becker]

Tina I wrote:
..
> It's also a village in Norway: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hell,_Norway

In German it's bright
-- 
Robin Becker

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Re: iso 8601, quality criteria

[Imbaud Pierre]

Imbaud Pierre a écrit :
cutnpaste error in this posting, here is the complete message:

Context:
  I am writing an application that accesses XMP-coded files. Some
  fields contain dates, and comply to iso 8601. I installed the iso8601
  python module (http://cheeseshop.python.org/pypi/iso8601), it fails
  on the simplest forms:
   ipdb> parse_date('2005-01-01')
   *** TypeError: expected string or buffer
  (behaves fine with complete strings, but this one is legal!)

Choose a module
  Python interfaces to the world: very few libs or protocols have no
  python module interfacing them. But they sometimes have many, and it
  aint easy to pick up the right one. And if there is only one, it aint
  obvious wether it will fill your quality criteria.
  My dream: a table with, for each library/module or even application,
  a note in [0:10] in front of every quality criterium. criteria?:
completeness
robustness
how well tested?
simplicity
documentation
maintenance team responsiveness
usage: how many developpers picked it up and still use it? how many
picked it up but gave it up?
  The list is an obvious oversimplification, each criterium could be
  discussed for hours. robustness, for instance, means: how well does
  it behave when illegal data is fed? A LOT of actual modules
  (comprising mine (:-) raise obscure exceptions.

the iso8601 module is simple enough, easy to install, but fails on
legal data. I guess the fix would be useful, but is it maintained? Is
it in use?
I used xml.dom.minidom, recently. Works fine, but I found the
interface awfully complicated. Right or wrong, when I had to write
some xml, I wrote my own code: better be simple, although untested,
undocumented, etc, than using a module so complicated U never finished
the learning curve...

So, my questions would be:
  - how do You, other developpers, cope with this question?
  - is there such a base, helping to pick up existing modules?
  - if no, dont U think such an initiative might be useful?
  - Those who have to deal with iso8601 dates, how do U proceed?
Ill have a look to mxdatetime, but is it the right answer?
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Re: uml and python

[Anastasios Hatzis]

Ralf Schönian wrote:
> azrael schrieb:
>> hy guys
>>
>> i've been googling and got several posts, but nothing that is a
>> satisfaction in my eyes. can someone tell me a nice uml diagram tool
>> with python export (if possible nice gui), or at least nice uml tool
>>
>> gpl or freeware (widows) prefered
>>
>> thanks
>>
> Take a look at gaphor: http://gaphor.sourceforge.net/
> 

Yes, Gaphor is fine and already rather powerful.

@ azrael,
You can also have a look at OpenSwarm: http://openswarm.sourceforge.net/

It is an UML -> Python/SQL generator tool with some kind of runtime 
architecture. Sadly, still alpha and with-out GUI or Gaphor support.

Regards,
Anastasios
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Re: Object type check

[king kikapu]

> def modify(list_of_x):
> for x in list_of_x:
> try:
> x.change_in_place  # don't call the method, just check it exists

XX...what exactly is going on here ? I mean, what is actually
happens if you omit the parenethesis as you just did ? I understand
that it does not call the method, but what is really doing ??

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Re: Object type check

[Michele Simionato]

On Feb 8, 12:00 pm, "king kikapu" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > def modify(list_of_x):
> > for x in list_of_x:
> > try:
> > x.change_in_place  # don't call the method, just check it exists
>
> XX...what exactly is going on here ? I mean, what is actually
> happens if you omit the parenethesis as you just did ? I understand
> that it does not call the method, but what is really doing ??

See http://users.rcn.com/python/download/Descriptor.htm for more than
you ever wanted
to know about attribute access in Python.

 Michele Simionato

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Re: 'IF' Syntax For Alternative Conditions

[James Stroud]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>   All my python books and references I find on the web have simplistic
> examples of the IF conditional. A few also provide examples of multiple
> conditions that are ANDed; e.g.,
>   if cond1:
>   if cond2:
>   do_something.
> 
>   However, I cannot find, nor create by trial-and-error, the syntax for
> alternative conditions that are ORed; e.g.,
> 
>   if cond1 OR if cond2:
>   do_something.
> 
>   I've tried using the C syntax for OR (||) but python complained. I'm sure
> there's a way to do this rather than using if cond1: elif cond2: both with
> the same code to execute.
> 
>   Please pass me a pointer so I can learn how to correctly write this.
> 
> Rich

For lots of conditions:

import operator
reduce(operator.or_, list_of_conditions)

e.g.:

py> import operator
py> list_of_conditions = [
...'big' < 'small',
...'all' > 'half',
...'five' > 'one',
...'six' <  'seven'
...  ]
py> list_of_conditions
[True, False, False, False]
py> reduce(operator.or_, list_of_conditions)
True

James
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Getting file line numbers from Nodes in a DOM?

[Beej]

I have a DOM parsed with xml.dom.mindom.parse()...for a particular
Node, is there an easy way to get the line (and maybe even column)
numbers that the element appeared in the original file?

Thanks,
-Beej

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Re: Object type check

[king kikapu]

Ο/Η Michele Simionato έγραψε:

> See http://users.rcn.com/python/download/Descriptor.htm for more than
> you ever wanted
> to know about attribute access in Python.
>
>  Michele Simionato

Great stuff Michele, thanks!

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Re: Python design project

[solrick51]

Hi Josh,

Thank you for replying my message,
sorry for the late reply, i was ill for two days..

I thought about the things you said, and think that it would be
interesting, if fonts hit eachother the fonts would be merging. stuck
together. so in a kind of way you create 'a new font' . I think the
mutate part works also in that, by mutating, you can also create a new
form "family'. But I think that the fonts must not unrecognizable
mutate. the reproducing thing would be nice, so you also get the
'families'  like family of a, family of b... and so on...
I think that the family must remain at each other presence, stuck
together, and when a touches b you get a new form and family.

2 think that all the things could transform, except for the serifs,
kerning.

3 does flash work with vector? flash is pixel based isn't?

what doe you think about the project, i'm verry interesting in more
things oppinions. do you think that the designer creates the final
work here, because of the programming or do you think that the fonts
of the computer does it?

Best,

Rick

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Re: Partial 1.0 - Partial classes for Python

[skip]

greg> When I want to do this, usually I define the parts as ordinary,
greg> separate classes, and then define the main class as inheriting
greg> from all of them.

Agreed.  Maybe it's just my feeble brain, but I find this the most
compelling (and easy to understand) use for multiple inheritance by far.

Skip
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Re: Calling J from Python

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

I may have mistook the source code licence for the use licence..  I
will look into a little further to see what it can do..  Looks like
you are not allowed to redistribute k for profit.  Some day I will
look up letters a random in the search engine to see what I come up
with.


On Feb 6, 2:05 am, "Gosi" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Feb 6, 3:04 am, "[EMAIL PROTECTED]" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > On Feb 5, 8:48 am, "Gosi" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > It is quite easy to call J from Python
>
> > >http://groups.google.com/group/J-Programming/browse_thread/thread/5e8...
>
> > There are a couple of issue that should be adressed.  Am I going to
> > jail if I write a program and then redistribute all the files required
> > to run the program I write??
>
> J is free for anyone to download and use.
>
> If someone is interested in putting you in jail it will not because
> you distribute J or redistribute the J utilities.
>
> > The second is how do I use the j stuff
> > without learning all that much about j.
>
> Just like Python then how much time you spend is uo to you.
>
> If you want to be good at it you may have to spend some time.
>
> You may also be just a casual user and dip into it now and again.
>
> There are lots of Demos, Labs and Help files besides all the
> utilities.
>
> You can freely use the utilities and examples to create your own
> application.
>
> You can write code in conventional style and not spend any time on the
> advanced functionality.
>
> > I am just intrested in
> > stealing graphics libraries and using what I have already written in
> > python..
>
> There are a number of graphics examples, utilities and demos you can
> use in J and combine it with Python.
>
> The new grid classes in J are amazingly useful too.
>
> I am just starting to learn Python and I find it interesting to
> combine it with J.
> I know a few people who are doing so successfully.
>
> There are always some nicetise in any language that can be beneficial.
> Combining them enhances both.
>
> http://groups.google.com/group/j-programminghttp://jsoftware.com/


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Best Free and Open Source Python IDE

[Srikanth]

Yes,

All I need is a good IDE, I can't find something like Eclipse (JDT).
Eclipse has a Python IDE plug-in but it's not that great. Please
recommend.

Thanks,
Srikanth

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Re: Best Free and Open Source Python IDE

[Maël Benjamin Mettler]

Srikanth schrieb:
> Yes,
> 
> All I need is a good IDE, I can't find something like Eclipse (JDT).
> Eclipse has a Python IDE plug-in but it's not that great. Please
> recommend.
> 
> Thanks,
> Srikanth
> 

http://www.serpia.org/spe
http://www.die-offenbachs.de/detlev/eric.html
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Re: Best Free and Open Source Python IDE

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

On 8 fév, 13:03, "Srikanth" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Yes,
>
> All I need is a good IDE, I can't find something like Eclipse (JDT).
> Eclipse has a Python IDE plug-in but it's not that great. Please
> recommend.
>
emacs  +python-mode +ecb

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Re: Partial 1.0 - Partial classes for Python

[Michele Simionato]

On Feb 8, 1:04 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> greg> When I want to do this, usually I define the parts as ordinary,
> greg> separate classes, and then define the main class as inheriting
> greg> from all of them.
>
> Agreed.  Maybe it's just my feeble brain, but I find this the most
> compelling (and easy to understand) use for multiple inheritance by far.
>
> Skip

That is a common design, but I don't like it, since it becomes very
easy to get
classes with dozens of methods inherited from everywhere, a modern
incarnation
of the spaghetti-code concept. I find it much better to use
composition, i.e. to
encapsulate the various behaviors in different objects and to add them
as
attributes. In other words, instead of a flat class namespace with
hundreds
of methods, I prefer a hierarchical namespace, a class with few
attributes, which
in turns have their own attributes, and so on. In other words, nested
is better
than flatten ;)


   Michele Simionato

P.S. Of course I mean situations where the methods can be meaningfully
grouped
together, which I find is the most common case.

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Re: Best Free and Open Source Python IDE

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

Srikanth wrote:
> All I need is a good IDE, I can't find something like Eclipse (JDT).
> Eclipse has a Python IDE plug-in but it's not that great. Please
> recommend.

My favourite at the mo is Komodo Edit - free (though not OSS).

On the OSS side, SPE is very good too - more of an IDE than Komodo
Edit. DrPython is worth a look as is the similar Ulipad. Also have a
look at Boa.

Cheers,
Davy Mitchell

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postgres backup script and popen2

[flupke]

Hi,

i made a backup script to backup my postgres database.
Problem is that it prompts for a password. It thought i
could solve this by using popen2.
I tested popen2 with dir (i'm on windows 2000, python 2.4.3)
and it works.
However when i try popen2 and my pg_dump command, it prompts
for a password and I was under the impression that i was
going to be able to dynamically communicate with the process.

sin, sout = popen2(backup_command)
sin.readline() # the password prompt
sout.write("password")
sin.readlines()

How can i catch the password prompt and feed the password
from my code?

Thanks,
Benedict
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distutils: different names in src and dist/build

[Anastasios Hatzis]

Hi,

is it possible to have different names between the original package name 
and that which will be installed?

Example:

setup.py
src/
 sdk/
 __init__.py
 startme.py

This usually creates a distribution file like sdk-0.6.2.tar.gz, which 
may create

site-packages/
 sdk/

But I would like to have a MySDK-0.6.2.tar.gz and in

site-packages/
 MySDK/

Of course with-out changing the original src package name "sdk" to 
"MySDK" (which likely would be the easiest way, hum).

Any suggestion or link how I can achieve this?

Many thanks,
Anastasios
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Re: postgres backup script and popen2

[Maël Benjamin Mettler]

Use pexpect: http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/

flupke schrieb:
> Hi,
> 
> i made a backup script to backup my postgres database.
> Problem is that it prompts for a password. It thought i
> could solve this by using popen2.
> I tested popen2 with dir (i'm on windows 2000, python 2.4.3)
> and it works.
> However when i try popen2 and my pg_dump command, it prompts
> for a password and I was under the impression that i was
> going to be able to dynamically communicate with the process.
> 
> sin, sout = popen2(backup_command)
> sin.readline() # the password prompt
> sout.write("password")
> sin.readlines()
> 
> How can i catch the password prompt and feed the password
> from my code?
> 
> Thanks,
> Benedict

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Simple Interpolation in Numpy?

[LAPI, VINCENT J, ATTLABS]

Hi,
Please bear with me as I am new to Python and have not done any
programming in about 20 years. I am attempting to do a simple
interpolation of  a line's intermediate points given the x,y coordinates
of the line's two endpoints within an Active State Python script that I
am working with. Is there a simple way to do this simple interpolation
in the Active state Python 2.4 that I have or do I need to get Numeric
Python? And where do I get it?
Thanks,
Vince Lapi
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Re: Group Membership in Active Directory Query

[Kooch54]

On Feb 7, 7:52 pm, "alex23" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Feb 8, 4:27 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
> > First and foremost thanks for the feedback.  Although I don't
> > appreciate the slight dig at me.
> > dummy = ldap_obj.simple_bind..
>
> I _really_ don't think Uwe was intending any slight, 'dummy' generally
> means 'dummy variable' ie it's just there to catch the value but it's
> never used after that :)
>
> If you're doing a lot of AD work, I highly recommend Tim Golden's
> active_directory module:http://timgolden.me.uk/python/
> active_directory.html
>
> His WMI module has also been a godsend on a number of occasions.
>
> - alex23

Alex-
 Thanks for your response and Uwe I apologize if I misunderstood
and misinterpreted your comments.  I am sorry.
I have tried Tim's module called active_directory and it works really
well.  But I can't figure out how to connect to a specific group is I
know the common name for it but not the DN and then return it's
members.  Example I know the group name is domain1\sharedaccess.
How do I bind to that group and get the members.  The domain isn't
necessarily the defaultnamingcontext.  It could be another domain in
the forest.  I need to be able to connect to any domain group and get
it's members.  Thanks again.


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Re: Re-installing Numeric and PIL Files

[W. Watson]

Robert Kern wrote:
> W. Watson wrote:
>> Robert Kern wrote:
>>> W. Watson wrote:
 For some reason Python 2.2.4 cannot find the Numeric module. It's been 
 suggested that I should re-install the Numeric file. How do that? Also the 
 PIL. The three install files are:
 python-2.4.4.msi
 PIL-1.1.5.win32-py2.4.exe
 Numeric-24.2.win32-py2.4.exe
>>> The latter two are executable installers. Run them.
>>>
>> I have re-run Numeric. The python program still cannot detect the Numeric 
>> module.
> 
> Well, check to make sure that the Python executable is the one that you think 
> it
> is. You can look at sys.executable to find the actual .exe of the running 
> Python
> interpreter. With Python 2.4.4 and a standard installation, it should be
> c:\Python24\python.exe I believe. Then check to make sure that Numeric and PIL
> are actually installed in c:\Python24\Lib\site-packages\ .
> 
This may be a good clue. I'm not the author of the sentuser.py program that 
I'm using 2.4 for. It's an application meant for another PC. On that 
machine, I only have 2.4 installed. I decided to learn Python a few weeks 
ago and installed 2.5.It's quite possible there's some confusion with the 
just installed application. I have not yet started my education on python, 
so know little about it.

I did a search in the python24 folder for sys.exec* (in c:\python24), but 
came up with nothing. [nothing in a search of c:--sys.exec*] I have two 
python folders, c:\python24 and c:\python25. The contents of both folders 
look fairly similar and each have a python.exe. I do not use a PIL or 
Numeric in 2.5.


  Wayne T. Watson (Watson Adventures, Prop., Nevada City, CA)
  (121.015 Deg. W, 39.262 Deg. N) GMT-8 hr std. time)
   Obz Site:  39° 15' 7" N, 121° 2' 32" W, 2700 feet

   'I think it not improbable that man, like the grub that
prepares a chamber for the winged thing it has never seen but
is to be, may have... destinies that he does not understand."
  -- Oliver Wendell Holmes
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Re: uml and python

[azrael]

tahks guys

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Re: help on packet format for tcp/ip programming

[rattan]

On Feb 8, 3:40 am, Grant Edwards <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On 2007-02-08, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > struct module pack and unpack will only work for fixed size buffer :
> > pack('>1024sIL', buffer, count. offset) but the buffer size can vary
> > from one packet to the next  :-(
>
> Oh for Pete's sake...
>
> struct.pack('>%dsIL' % len(buffer), buffer, count, offset)
>
> --
> Grant Edwards   grante Yow!  I want the presidency
>   at   so bad I can already taste
>visi.comthe hors d'oeuvres.

that is great but how does one unpack on the other side?

-ishwar

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Re: 'IF' Syntax For Alternative Conditions

[rshepard]

On 2007-02-08, Paul Rubin  wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
>>  if cond1:
>>  if cond2:
>>  do_something.
>
> You can write:
>if cond1 and cond2:
>   do_something
>
>>  if cond1 OR if cond2:
>>  do_something.
>
> if cond1 or cond2:
>do_something
>
>>   I've tried using the C syntax for OR (||) but python complained. I'm sure
>> there's a way to do this rather than using if cond1: elif cond2: both with
>> the same code to execute.
>
> Python uses the "and" and "or" keywords for && and ||.

  Allow me to thank all of you who responded with this one article. For
whatever reason, it did not occur to me to use the words 'and' and 'or.'
And, I did not see this in the tutorial or introduction ... which is my
fault.

  So, I do thank all of you.

Rich
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python linux distro

[azrael]

Hy guys

last night i was lying in my bed and thinking about something. is
there any linux distro that is primary oriented to python. you know
what i mean. no need for php, java, or something like this. pure
python and containig all the funky modules like scipy, numpy,
boaconstructor (wx of course). something like the python enthought
edition, but all this on a distro included. maybe psql but persistant
predered, zope of course. everything a developer is ever going to
need.
So i stood up, sat down on my ugly acer notebook with a python stiker
on it and made a huge list of cool modles i would prefer. I would like
to make such a distro but i am not a linux pro. so this is going to
stay just a idea. i thouht it should be realy user fredly like sabayon
or ubuntu (without xgel). if this were a live distro it would be
amazing.
I know, dont expet someone else to do your work, but is there anyone
who likes the idea and has the knowledge i dont have.
I also know for quantian (cool distro), but for me, there is too much
other crap and not enough python.

i even got the nam of it. maybee not the best but it fits the context.
PyTux



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Re: help on packet format for tcp/ip programming

[Diez B. Roggisch]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> On Feb 8, 3:40 am, Grant Edwards <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> On 2007-02-08, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>
>> > struct module pack and unpack will only work for fixed size buffer :
>> > pack('>1024sIL', buffer, count. offset) but the buffer size can vary
>> > from one packet to the next  :-(
>>
>> Oh for Pete's sake...
>>
>> struct.pack('>%dsIL' % len(buffer), buffer, count, offset)
>>
>> --
>> Grant Edwards   grante Yow!  I want the
>> presidency
>>   at   so bad I can already
>>   taste
>>visi.comthe hors d'oeuvres.
> 
> that is great but how does one unpack on the other side?

By peeking into the header, determining the number of bytes necessary?

But why do you need this anyway - if you know that you will have python on
both ends, use Pyro or xmlrpc.

Diez
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Re: Partial 1.0 - Partial classes for Python

[skip]

Michele> That is a common design, but I don't like it, since it becomes
Michele> very easy to get classes with dozens of methods inherited from
Michele> everywhere, a modern incarnation of the spaghetti-code
Michele> concept. I find it much better to use composition, i.e. to
Michele> encapsulate the various behaviors in different objects and to
Michele> add them as attributes.

Composition is great when you know how largish classes are going to be
composed ahead of time and/or already have the pieces available in the form
of other classes you want to reuse.  I use this fragment-by-multiple-
inheritance (I hesitate to call it a) pattern when I realize after a long
period of organic growth that a single-inheritance class has gotten too big.
It's often relatively easy to carve the class up into multiple related base
classes.  The next step after that might be to morph those independent base
classes back into delegated attributes.

Skip
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Re: help on packet format for tcp/ip programming

[Jean-Paul Calderone]

On Thu, 08 Feb 2007 15:56:30 +0100, "Diez B. Roggisch" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> 
wrote:
>[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
>> On Feb 8, 3:40 am, Grant Edwards <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>> On 2007-02-08, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>>
>>> > struct module pack and unpack will only work for fixed size buffer :
>>> > pack('>1024sIL', buffer, count. offset) but the buffer size can vary
>>> > from one packet to the next  :-(
>>>
>>> Oh for Pete's sake...
>>>
>>> struct.pack('>%dsIL' % len(buffer), buffer, count, offset)
>>>
>>> --
>>> Grant Edwards   grante Yow!  I want the
>>> presidency
>>>   at   so bad I can already
>>>   taste
>>>visi.comthe hors d'oeuvres.
>>
>> that is great but how does one unpack on the other side?
>
>By peeking into the header, determining the number of bytes necessary?
>
>But why do you need this anyway - if you know that you will have python on
>both ends, use Pyro or xmlrpc.
>

Grant had the right idea, I think, but he failed to actually include a
byte length in his format. :)  So there's nothing to peek at.  If the
packing is done like this, instead..


struct.pack('!IIL', len(buffer), count, offset) + buffer

Then it is a simple matter to unpack it once the receiving side, by waiting
for struct.calcsize('!IIL') bytes, using struct to get len(buffer), count,
and offset:

length, count, offset = struct.unpack('!IIL', bytes)

And then waiting for `length' more bytes, which will be the buffer.

I'm not sure what the original use-case was here.  XML-RPC isn't a good
transport for arbitrary binary data.  If `buffer' contains text, though,
that might be a good suggestion.

Jean-Paul
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Linux-Signal VS QT

[Marco]

Can I use LinuX signal as a tool for commuction with a QT(PyQt4) programme?

The follow code didNOT work...


from PyQt4 import QtCore,QtGui
import signal
import sys
import os

try:
import psyco
psyco.full()
except:
pass

class Main(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self)

self.frame = QtGui.QFrame(self)
self.label = QtGui.QLabel(str(os.getpid()), self.frame)
signal.signal(15, self.sig_handler)
print signal.getsignal(15)

def sig_handler(self, signum, sframe):
print 'received!'
self.label.setText('haha')
self.show()


#   main routine#

if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)

main = Main()
main.show()
app.exec_()


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Re: python linux distro

[dimitri pater]

Hi,
the world doesn't need another Linux distro, there are too many already...
(> 100)
I believe it's a better idea to spend your time contributing to an existing
distro (e.g. http://www.ubuntu.com/developers/bounties) doing Python related
stuff.  Besides that, all distros I know of (4) already have a lot of Python
packages ready for download.
regards,
Dimitri

On 8 Feb 2007 06:44:22 -0800, azrael <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


Hy guys

last night i was lying in my bed and thinking about something. is
there any linux distro that is primary oriented to python. you know
what i mean. no need for php, java, or something like this. pure
python and containig all the funky modules like scipy, numpy,
boaconstructor (wx of course). something like the python enthought
edition, but all this on a distro included. maybe psql but persistant
predered, zope of course. everything a developer is ever going to
need.
So i stood up, sat down on my ugly acer notebook with a python stiker
on it and made a huge list of cool modles i would prefer. I would like
to make such a distro but i am not a linux pro. so this is going to
stay just a idea. i thouht it should be realy user fredly like sabayon
or ubuntu (without xgel). if this were a live distro it would be
amazing.
I know, dont expet someone else to do your work, but is there anyone
who likes the idea and has the knowledge i dont have.
I also know for quantian (cool distro), but for me, there is too much
other crap and not enough python.

i even got the nam of it. maybee not the best but it fits the context.
PyTux



---
and no, I am not a junkee, I'm addicted to Python

--
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---
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---
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Re: help on packet format for tcp/ip programming

[Diez B. Roggisch]

> Grant had the right idea, I think, but he failed to actually include a
> byte length in his format. :)  So there's nothing to peek at.  If the
> packing is done like this, instead..
> 
> 
> struct.pack('!IIL', len(buffer), count, offset) + buffer
> 
> Then it is a simple matter to unpack it once the receiving side, by
> waiting for struct.calcsize('!IIL') bytes, using struct to get
> len(buffer), count, and offset:
> 
> length, count, offset = struct.unpack('!IIL', bytes)
> 
> And then waiting for `length' more bytes, which will be the buffer.

That was my intention, yes - I thought the header information of the OP
contained a byte count already.
 
> I'm not sure what the original use-case was here.  XML-RPC isn't a good
> transport for arbitrary binary data.  If `buffer' contains text, though,
> that might be a good suggestion.

Certainly XMLRPC isn't too good - and Pyro in many aspects better. AFAIK it
uses pickle, and that means that things should be comparably compact.

Diez
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Re: Linux-Signal VS QT

[Phil Thompson]

On Thursday 08 February 2007 3:08 pm, Marco wrote:
> Can I use LinuX signal as a tool for commuction with a QT(PyQt4) programme?
>
> The follow code didNOT work...
>
>
> from PyQt4 import QtCore,QtGui
> import signal
> import sys
> import os
>
> try:
> import psyco
> psyco.full()
> except:
> pass
>
> class Main(QtGui.QWidget):
> def __init__(self):
> QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self)
>
> self.frame = QtGui.QFrame(self)
> self.label = QtGui.QLabel(str(os.getpid()), self.frame)
> signal.signal(15, self.sig_handler)
> print signal.getsignal(15)
>
> def sig_handler(self, signum, sframe):
> print 'received!'
> self.label.setText('haha')
> self.show()
>
> 
> # main routine#
> 
> if __name__ == '__main__':
>   app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
>
>   main = Main()
>   main.show()
>   app.exec_()

The problem is that Python only delivers the signal when the interpreter is 
running but your program is sat in the Qt event loop. You need to force Qt to 
hand back to the interpreter from time to time.

The easiest way is to use the object timer. Add "self.startTimer(500)" to your 
__init__() method and add the following dummy timer event handler...

def timerEvent(self, e):
pass

Phil
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Re: python linux distro

[Thomas Guettler]

azrael wrote:

> Hy guys
>
> last night i was lying in my bed and thinking about something. is
> there any linux distro that is primary oriented to python. you know
> what i mean. no need for php, java, or something like this. pure
> python and containig all the funky modules like scipy, numpy,
> boaconstructor (wx of course). something like the python enthought
> edition, but all this on a distro included. maybe psql but persistant
> predered, zope of course. everything a developer is ever going to
> need.

On debian base distributions you can create a task. A task list
all packages you need. You could make a task all-python-stuff.

But I don't think many people will use it. I use Python daily, but
at the moment I never use Zope, scipy or twisted.

Ubuntu is a very python friendly environment. 

 Thomas

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Re: Partial 1.0 - Partial classes for Python

[Michele Simionato]

On Feb 8, 4:05 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:>
> Composition is great when you know how largish classes are going to be
> composed ahead of time and/or already have the pieces available in the form
> of other classes you want to reuse.  I use this fragment-by-multiple-
> inheritance (I hesitate to call it a) pattern when I realize after a long
> period of organic growth that a single-inheritance class has gotten too big.
> It's often relatively easy to carve the class up into multiple related base
> classes.  The next step after that might be to morph those independent base
> classes back into delegated attributes.
>
> Skip

I know, I just try to avoid the multiple inheritance transitional
state and switch directly
to the last step ;)

  M. Simionato

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Fwd: Python new user question - file writeline error

[Shawn Milo]

To the list:

I have come up with something that's working fine. However, I'm fairly
new to Python, so I'd really appreciate any suggestions on how this
can be made more Pythonic.

Thanks,
Shawn






Okay, here's what I have come up with:


#! /usr/bin/python

import sys
import re

month 
={'JAN':1,'FEB':2,'MAR':3,'APR':4,'MAY':5,'JUN':6,'JUL':7,'AUG':8,'SEP':9,'OCT':10,'NOV':11,'DEC':12}
infile=file('TVA-0316','r')
outfile=file('tmp.out','w')

def formatDatePart(x):
"take a number and transform it into a two-character string,
zero padded"
x = str(x)
while len(x) < 2:
x = "0" + x
return x

regex = re.compile(r",\d{2}/[A-Z]{3}/\d{4},")

for line in infile:
matches = regex.findall(line)
for someDate in matches:

dayNum = formatDatePart(someDate[1:3])
monthNum = formatDatePart(month[someDate[4:7]])
yearNum = formatDatePart(someDate[8:12])

newDate = ",%s-%s-%s," % (yearNum,monthNum,dayNum)
line = line.replace(someDate, newDate)

outfile.writelines(line)

infile.close
outfile.close
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Re: Getting a class name from within main

[Chris Lambacher]

On Wed, Feb 07, 2007 at 01:02:39AM -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> Lets say I have the following class -
> 
> class MyClass:
>   def __init__(self):
>   print (__name__.split("."))[-1]
I would spell this:
print self.__class__.__name__
> 
> if __name__ == '__main__':
>   MyClassName = "MyClass"
> 
> I can print the name of the class from within the class scope as seen
> above in the init, but is there any way of printing it from within the
> main without creating an object of the MyClass type. I need to assign
> the name of the class within my script, to a variable in main.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Barry.
> 
> -- 
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Re: idea for testing tools

[Eduardo \"EdCrypt\" O. Padoan]

>   #!/usr/bin/python
>
>   a = 1
>   b = 2
>
>   def test_some():
>   assert a == b
>
> didn't reveal the values for a and b, though some more complex cases
> showed something.

def test_some():
print 'a:', a, 'b:', b
assert a == b

http://codespeak.net/py/current/doc/test.html#debug-with-the-print-statement

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PyQt install problem

[Ron Monroig]

hi Bruce,
   
  I was trying to interpret the code you wrote for xroot.sh.  I saw it on pg 
115 in Sitepoint's "Run Your Own Web Server Using Linux & Apache"  Could you 
possibly consider commenting on what each line of code is doing?  It works; the 
warning message goes away.  I just don't understand what its doing.
   
  here it is:
   
  if [ $# -lt 1 ]
  then echo "usage: 'basename $0' command" >$2
 exit 2
  fi
  su - -c "exec env DISPLAY='$DISPLAY'   \
  XAUTHORITY= ' ${XAUTHORITY - $HOME/ .Xauthority}' " ' "$SHELL" ' " -c '$*'"
   
   
   
   

 
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Re: python linux distro

[Shawn Milo]

On 2/8/07, dimitri pater <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi,
> the world doesn't need another Linux distro, there are too many already...
> (> 100)
> I believe it's a better idea to spend your time contributing to an existing
> distro (e.g. http://www.ubuntu.com/developers/bounties)
> doing Python related stuff.  Besides that, all distros I know of (4) already
> have a lot of Python packages ready for download.
> regards,
> Dimitri
>
>


You're right, there are too many. Not just over 100, but over 500. As
of this week, DistroWatch reports having 528 in their database. Check
out DistroWatch.com for details.

To the original poster:
You may not be a Linux expert, but if you feel like reading some
documentation, you can easily remaster a live CD such as Knoppix or
DSL (Damn Small Linux). Just to to the distro's site and check out the
documentation. This won't be the creation of a brand-new distro --
it's the same thing as changing the wallpaper and creating your custom
re-master just for yourself.

Both distros I mentioned (and many others, I'm sure) have a simple,
built-in tool for installing additional packages. Do that, then make
your re-image from your running live version.

Shawn
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Re: distutils: different names in src and dist/build

[Anastasios Hatzis]

Anastasios Hatzis wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> is it possible to have different names between the original package name 
> and that which will be installed?
> 
> Example:
> 
> setup.py
> src/
>  sdk/
>  __init__.py
>  startme.py
> 
> This usually creates a distribution file like sdk-0.6.2.tar.gz, which 
> may create
> 
> site-packages/
>  sdk/
> 
> But I would like to have a MySDK-0.6.2.tar.gz and in
> 
> site-packages/
>  MySDK/
> 
> Of course with-out changing the original src package name "sdk" to 
> "MySDK" (which likely would be the easiest way, hum).
> 
> Any suggestion or link how I can achieve this?
> 

Sorry, now I understood that package_dir option can also be used to have 
a installed package layout *totally different* from original source layout.

Regards,
Anastasios
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Re: Running Application Within Emacs

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

You can call scripts from the interpreter with execfile('script.py').

If you use ipython there is a %run command that executes a script.

Enjoy! Bernhard

On Feb 7, 3:26 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>   My editor is emacs in linux, and I have the python mode enabled. The two
> menus -- IM-Python and Python -- allow me to navigate within the loaded
> module and open execute buffers, among other things. But, I don't see a way
> to run a wxPython application from within the editor as I would from the
> command line.
>
>   Is this possible? If so, how?
>
> Ric


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Re: Re-installing Numeric and PIL Files

[Robert Kern]

W. Watson wrote:

> I did a search in the python24 folder for sys.exec* (in c:\python24), but 
> came up with nothing. [nothing in a search of c:--sys.exec*] I have two 
> python folders, c:\python24 and c:\python25. The contents of both folders 
> look fairly similar and each have a python.exe. I do not use a PIL or 
> Numeric in 2.5.

I'm sorry. sys is a module. I meant for you to execute the following Python 
code:

  import sys
  print sys.executable

-- 
Robert Kern

"I have come to believe that the whole world is an enigma, a harmless enigma
 that is made terrible by our own mad attempt to interpret it as though it had
 an underlying truth."
  -- Umberto Eco

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Re: Simple Interpolation in Numpy?

[Steve Holden]

LAPI, VINCENT J, ATTLABS wrote:
> Hi,
> Please bear with me as I am new to Python and have not done any 
> programming in about 20 years. I am attempting to do a simple 
> interpolation of  a line's intermediate points given the x,y coordinates 
> of the line's two endpoints within an Active State Python script that I 
> am working with. Is there a simple way to do this simple interpolation 
> in the Active state Python 2.4 that I have or do I need to get Numeric 
> Python? And where do I get it?
> Thanks,
> Vince Lapi
> 
You shouldn't really *need* Numeric (NumPy or numpy, nowadays) for a 
relatively simple problem like that, since the formulae involved are 
pretty simple.

Given known points on the line at (xa, ya) and (xb, yb) then for any 
point (x, y) on the line we get

   y = ya + ((x - xa) * (yb - ya))/(xb - xa)

So you just need to plug the values for x and the known points into the 
formula to get the interpolated value of y.

If you are interpolating a non-linear formula through a number of 
samples clearly there'd be a little more jiggery pokery involved to 
identify the particular interval on which interpolation is required, but 
nothing horrendous.

Numpy, which is derived from the old Numeric code, is at

   http://numpy.scipy.org/

should you wish to investigate its features. It probably has 
better-than-linear interpolation algorithms in it. Note that if you 
decide to download it you should choose the Python 2.4 version - 
extensions coded in compiled languages are specific to a particular 
version of the language.

regards
  Steve
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SQLObject 0.8.0b3

[Oleg Broytmann]

Hello!

I'm pleased to announce the 0.8.0b3 release of SQLObject.


What is SQLObject
=

SQLObject is an object-relational mapper.  Your database tables are described
as classes, and rows are instances of those classes.  SQLObject is meant to be
easy to use and quick to get started with.

SQLObject supports a number of backends: MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, and
Firebird.  It also has newly added support for Sybase, MSSQL and MaxDB (also
known as SAPDB).


Where is SQLObject
==

Site:
http://sqlobject.org

Development:
http://sqlobject.org/devel/

Mailing list:
https://lists.sourceforge.net/mailman/listinfo/sqlobject-discuss

Archives:
http://news.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.sqlobject

Download:
http://cheeseshop.python.org/pypi/SQLObject/0.8.0b3

News and changes:
http://sqlobject.org/devel/News.html


What's New
==

News since 0.8.0b2
--

* Separate "docs" subdirectory instead of the shared external one.

For a more complete list, please see the news:
http://sqlobject.org/devel/News.html

Oleg.
-- 
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Re: postgres backup script and popen2

[Gabriel Genellina]

On 8 feb, 10:27, Maël Benjamin Mettler <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> flupke schrieb:
> > i made a backup script to backup my postgres database.
> > Problem is that it prompts for a password. It thought i
> > could solve this by using popen2.
>
> Use pexpect:http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/

pexpect could work. But a better way would be to supply the password
on the command line. I don't know how postgres does that things, but I
hope there is some way to automate the backup process...

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Re: postgres backup script and popen2

[Jean-Paul Calderone]

On 8 Feb 2007 08:23:49 -0800, Gabriel Genellina <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>On 8 feb, 10:27, Maël Benjamin Mettler <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>> flupke schrieb:
>> > i made a backup script to backup my postgres database.
>> > Problem is that it prompts for a password. It thought i
>> > could solve this by using popen2.
>>
>> Use pexpect:http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/
>
>pexpect could work. But a better way would be to supply the password
>on the command line.

So that it shows up in `ps' output to anyone on the system? :)

Jean-Paul
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Strings in Python

[Johny]

Playing a little more with strings, I found out that string.find
function provides the position of
the first occurance of the substring in the string.
Is there a way how to find out all substring's position ?
To explain more,
let's suppose

mystring='12341'
import string

>>> string.find(mystring ,'1')
0

But I need to find the  possition the other '1' in mystring too.
Is it possible?
Or must I use regex?
Thanks for help
L

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Re: Referencing vars, methods and classes by name

[Gabriel Genellina]

On 8 feb, 05:51, Paul Rubin  wrote:
> "Gabriel Genellina" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> > >obj.getattr(a)()
> > > but even that is a bit ugly, depending.
> > Surely you meant to say getattr(obj, a)()
>
> Yeah, darn.  Counterintuitive.  I keep making that error in my own
> code too.  Maybe I should put in an RFE.

The "method" way is using __getattribute__ or __getattr__.
A generic function helps on using it on objects of any kind - like
len()
Perhaps it was more important with old style classes.

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Re: Strings in Python

[Gary Herron]

Johny wrote:
> Playing a little more with strings, I found out that string.find
> function provides the position of
> the first occurance of the substring in the string.
> Is there a way how to find out all substring's position ?
> To explain more,
> let's suppose
>
> mystring='12341'
> import string
>
>   
 string.find(mystring ,'1')
 
> 0
>
> But I need to find the  possition the other '1' in mystring too.
> Is it possible?
> Or must I use regex?
> Thanks for help
> L
>
>   
You could use a regular expression.  The re module has s function 
"findall" that does what you want.

Also, if you read the documentation for strings find method, you'll find:

1 S.find(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
2
3 Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
4 such that sub is contained within s[start,end].  Optional
5 arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
6
7 Return -1 on failure.

So put your find in a loop, starting the search one past the previously 
found occurrence.

  i = string.find(mystring, i+1)

Gary Herron


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Re: Strings in Python

[Shawn Milo]

On 8 Feb 2007 08:28:25 -0800, Johny <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Playing a little more with strings, I found out that string.find
> function provides the position of
> the first occurance of the substring in the string.
> Is there a way how to find out all substring's position ?
> To explain more,
> let's suppose
>
> mystring='12341'
> import string
>
> >>> string.find(mystring ,'1')
> 0
>
> But I need to find the  possition the other '1' in mystring too.
> Is it possible?
> Or must I use regex?
> Thanks for help
> L
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>

Loop it -- once you know the index of the first character, add the
third argument to string.find(), which tells it the position at which
to start (the last find + 1).
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Re: idea for testing tools

[Paul Rubin]

Jens Theisen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
>   def test_some():
>   assert a == b
> 
> didn't reveal the values for a and b, though some more complex cases
> showed something.

I usually use

assert a == b, (a,b)
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Re: Strings in Python

[Shawn Milo]

On 2/8/07, Gary Herron <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Johny wrote:
> > Playing a little more with strings, I found out that string.find
> > function provides the position of
> > the first occurance of the substring in the string.
> > Is there a way how to find out all substring's position ?
> > To explain more,
> > let's suppose
> >
> > mystring='12341'
> > import string
> >
> >
>  string.find(mystring ,'1')
> 
> > 0
> >
> > But I need to find the  possition the other '1' in mystring too.
> > Is it possible?
> > Or must I use regex?
> > Thanks for help
> > L
> >
> >
> You could use a regular expression.  The re module has s function
> "findall" that does what you want.
>
> Also, if you read the documentation for strings find method, you'll find:
>
> 1 S.find(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
> 2
> 3 Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
> 4 such that sub is contained within s[start,end].  Optional
> 5 arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
> 6
> 7 Return -1 on failure.
>
> So put your find in a loop, starting the search one past the previously
> found occurrence.
>
>   i = string.find(mystring, i+1)
>
> Gary Herron
>
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>

Speaking of regex examples, that's basically what I did in the script
below which James Kim and I were collaborating on yesterday and this
morning, as a result of his thread.

This matches not only a string, but a regex, then loops through each
match to do something to it. I hope this helps. I submitted this to
the list for recommendations on how to make it more Pythonic, but at
least it works.

Here are the most important, stripped down pieces:

#! /usr/bin/python

import re

#match a date in this format: 05/MAR/2006
regex = re.compile(r",\d{2}/[A-Z]{3}/\d{4},")

for line in infile:

matches = regex.findall(line)
for someDate in matches:

newDate = #do something here
line = line.replace(someDate, newDate)


Here is the full script:

#! /usr/bin/python

import sys
import re

month 
={'JAN':1,'FEB':2,'MAR':3,'APR':4,'MAY':5,'JUN':6,'JUL':7,'AUG':8,'SEP':9,'OCT':10,'NOV':11,'DEC':12}
infile=file('TVA-0316','r')
outfile=file('tmp.out','w')

def formatDatePart(x):
"take a number and transform it into a two-character string,
zero padded"
x = str(x)
while len(x) < 2:
x = "0" + x
return x

regex = re.compile(r",\d{2}/[A-Z]{3}/\d{4},")

for line in infile:
matches = regex.findall(line)
for someDate in matches:

dayNum = formatDatePart(someDate[1:3])
monthNum = formatDatePart(month[someDate[4:7]])
yearNum = formatDatePart(someDate[8:12])

newDate = ",%s-%s-%s," % (yearNum,monthNum,dayNum)
line = line.replace(someDate, newDate)

outfile.writelines(line)

infile.close
outfile.close
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Re: python linux distro

[Steve Holden]

azrael wrote:
> Hy guys
> 
> last night i was lying in my bed and thinking about something. is
> there any linux distro that is primary oriented to python. you know
> what i mean. no need for php, java, or something like this. pure
> python and containig all the funky modules like scipy, numpy,
> boaconstructor (wx of course). something like the python enthought
> edition, but all this on a distro included. maybe psql but persistant
> predered, zope of course. everything a developer is ever going to
> need.
> So i stood up, sat down on my ugly acer notebook with a python stiker
> on it and made a huge list of cool modles i would prefer. I would like
> to make such a distro but i am not a linux pro. so this is going to
> stay just a idea. i thouht it should be realy user fredly like sabayon
> or ubuntu (without xgel). if this were a live distro it would be
> amazing.
> I know, dont expet someone else to do your work, but is there anyone
> who likes the idea and has the knowledge i dont have.
> I also know for quantian (cool distro), but for me, there is too much
> other crap and not enough python.
> 
> i even got the nam of it. maybee not the best but it fits the context.
> PyTux
> 
Well, Ubuntu is normally held to be a pretty Python-friendly distro. But 
nowadays you might get more mileage out of distributing a Xen or VMWare 
virtual machine that has Python and all necessary packages installed 
with it. There is a fine example, the Python Web Developer Appliance, at

   http://www.mcguru.net/pyweb.html

regards
  Steve
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Re: help on packet format for tcp/ip programming

[Grant Edwards]

On 2007-02-08, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Feb 8, 3:40 am, Grant Edwards <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> On 2007-02-08, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>
>> > struct module pack and unpack will only work for fixed size buffer :
>> > pack('>1024sIL', buffer, count. offset) but the buffer size can vary
>> > from one packet to the next  :-(
>>
>> Oh for Pete's sake...
>>
>> struct.pack('>%dsIL' % len(buffer), buffer, count, offset)
>
> that is great but how does one unpack on the other side?

struct.unpack('>%dsIL' % buflen ,packet)

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Re: help on packet format for tcp/ip programming

[Grant Edwards]

On 2007-02-08, Diez B. Roggisch <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

 struct module pack and unpack will only work for fixed size buffer :
 pack('>1024sIL', buffer, count. offset) but the buffer size can vary
 from one packet to the next  :-(
>>>
>>> Oh for Pete's sake...
>>>
>>> struct.pack('>%dsIL' % len(buffer), buffer, count, offset)
>>
>> 
>> that is great but how does one unpack on the other side?
>
> By peeking into the header, determining the number of bytes necessary?

Better yet, use a protocol that's not brain-dead: send the
buffer size _before_ you send the buffer.

> But why do you need this anyway - if you know that you will
> have python on both ends, use Pyro or xmlrpc.

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Re: C parsing fun

[Roberto Bonvallet]

Károly Kiripolszky <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I've found a brute-force solution. In the preprocessing phase I simply
> strip out the comments (things inside comments won't appear in the
> result) and replace curly brackets with these symbols: #::OPEN::# and
> #::CLOSE::#.

This fails when the code already has the strings "#::OPEN::#" and
"#::CLOSE::" in it.

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Re: Fwd: Python new user question - file writeline error

[Gabriel Genellina]

On 8 feb, 12:41, "Shawn Milo" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I have come up with something that's working fine. However, I'm fairly
> new to Python, so I'd really appreciate any suggestions on how this
> can be made more Pythonic.

A few comments:

You don't need the formatDatePart function; delete it, and replace
newDate = ",%s-%s-%s," % (yearNum,monthNum,dayNum)
with
newDate = ",%04.4d-%02.2d-%02.2d," % (yearNum,monthNum,dayNum)

and before:
dayNum, monthNum, yearNum = [int(num) for num in
someDate[1:-1].split('/')]

And this: outfile.writelines(line)
should be: outfile.write(line)
(writelines works almost by accident here).

You forget again to use () to call the close methods:
infile.close()
outfile.close()

I don't like the final replace, but for a script like this I think
it's OK.

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Re: Does the world need another v0.1 python compiler?

[sturlamolden]

On Feb 8, 8:03 am, "Kay Schluehr" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> This code generation for an arbitrary backend sounds more like an
> appropriate task for PyPy. I think Grant's or anyone elses compiler
> could be a viable tool for augmenting the CPython interpreter in
> particular in the presence of optional type annotations in Py3K.

IMHO, with the presence of static types in Py3K, we should have a
static compiler that can be invoked dynamically, just like Common
Lisp.

Something like

def foo(...):
bar = static_compile(foo, optimize=2)
bar(...)

JIT compilers are hyped, static compilers perform much better. This
way the programmer can decide what needs to be compiled. This is the
reason why CMUCL can compete with most C compilers.











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Re: C parsing fun

[Károly Kiripolszky]

Yes, of course. But you can still fine-tune the code for the sources
you want to parse. The C++ header files I needed to analyze contained
no such strings. I believe there are very few real-life .h files out
there containing those. In fact I chose #::OPEN::# and #::CLOSE::#
because they're more foreign to C++ like eg. ::OPEN or #OPEN would be.
I hope this makes sense. :)

Roberto Bonvallet írta:
> Károly Kiripolszky <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > I've found a brute-force solution. In the preprocessing phase I simply
> > strip out the comments (things inside comments won't appear in the
> > result) and replace curly brackets with these symbols: #::OPEN::# and
> > #::CLOSE::#.
>
> This fails when the code already has the strings "#::OPEN::#" and
> "#::CLOSE::" in it.
>
> --
> Roberto Bonvallet

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Re: postgres backup script and popen2

[Gabriel Genellina]

On 8 feb, 13:29, Jean-Paul Calderone <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On 8 Feb 2007 08:23:49 -0800, Gabriel Genellina <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >On 8 feb, 10:27, Maël Benjamin Mettler <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >> flupke schrieb:
> >> > i made a backup script to backup my postgres database.
> >> > Problem is that it prompts for a password. It thought i
> >> > could solve this by using popen2.
>
> >> Use pexpect:http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/
>
> >pexpect could work. But a better way would be to supply the password
> >on the command line.
>
> So that it shows up in `ps' output to anyone on the system? :)

Any solution has pros and cons... having the password in the source
code is not so good anyway...

--
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Re: Fwd: Python new user question - file writeline error

[Shawn Milo]

On 8 Feb 2007 09:05:51 -0800, Gabriel Genellina <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On 8 feb, 12:41, "Shawn Milo" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > I have come up with something that's working fine. However, I'm fairly
> > new to Python, so I'd really appreciate any suggestions on how this
> > can be made more Pythonic.
>
> A few comments:
>
> You don't need the formatDatePart function; delete it, and replace
> newDate = ",%s-%s-%s," % (yearNum,monthNum,dayNum)
> with
> newDate = ",%04.4d-%02.2d-%02.2d," % (yearNum,monthNum,dayNum)
>
> and before:
> dayNum, monthNum, yearNum = [int(num) for num in
> someDate[1:-1].split('/')]
>
> And this: outfile.writelines(line)
> should be: outfile.write(line)
> (writelines works almost by accident here).
>
> You forget again to use () to call the close methods:
> infile.close()
> outfile.close()
>
> I don't like the final replace, but for a script like this I think
> it's OK.
>
> --
> Gabriel Genellina
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>


Gabriel,

Thanks for the comments! The new version is below. I thought it made a
little more sense to format the newDate = ... line the way I have it
below, although I did incorporate your suggestions. Also, the
formatting options you provided seemed to specify not only string
padding, but also decimal places, so I changed it. Please let me know
if there is some other meaning behind the way you did it.

As for not liking the replace line, what would you suggest instead?

Shawn

#! /usr/bin/python

import sys
import re

month 
={'JAN':1,'FEB':2,'MAR':3,'APR':4,'MAY':5,'JUN':6,'JUL':7,'AUG':8,'SEP':9,'OCT':10,'NOV':11,'DEC':12}
infile=file('TVA-0316','r')
outfile=file('tmp.out','w')

regex = re.compile(r",\d{2}/[A-Z]{3}/\d{4},")

for line in infile:
matches = regex.findall(line)
for someDate in matches:

dayNum = someDate[1:3]
monthNum = month[someDate[4:7]]
yearNum = someDate[8:12]

newDate = ",%04d-%02d-%02d," %
(int(yearNum),int(monthNum),int(dayNum))
line = line.replace(someDate, newDate)

outfile.write(line)

infile.close()
outfile.close()
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Re: postgres backup script and popen2

[Jean-Paul Calderone]

On 8 Feb 2007 09:18:26 -0800, Gabriel Genellina <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>On 8 feb, 13:29, Jean-Paul Calderone <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> On 8 Feb 2007 08:23:49 -0800, Gabriel Genellina <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> >On 8 feb, 10:27, Maël Benjamin Mettler <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> >> flupke schrieb:
>> >> > i made a backup script to backup my postgres database.
>> >> > Problem is that it prompts for a password. It thought i
>> >> > could solve this by using popen2.
>>
>> >> Use pexpect:http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/
>>
>> >pexpect could work. But a better way would be to supply the password
>> >on the command line.
>>
>> So that it shows up in `ps' output to anyone on the system? :)
>
>Any solution has pros and cons...

Some solutions have more or less of these than other solutions though.

>having the password in the source code is not so good anyway...

Sure, but just because one has a password in the source doesn't mean
one should completely give up.  If you want to completely give up, you
can just disable password authentication in pgsql.  That's a lot simpler
than any other solution mentioned so far. :)

Jean-Paul
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Re: python linux distro

[azrael]

thanks guys

when i wrote this, i thought that out there is some crazy guy like me.
i was hoping for more support but after these arguments, there is
nothing more then to say:you are right. the world doesnt need another
distro. but if one day I mange to do it, hope you will be glade that i
post the lik here.

i will look out (if i mange to do it) to use the slax distro and just
add some packages.

thnx






On Feb 8, 5:56 pm, Steve Holden <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> azrael wrote:
> > Hy guys
>
> > last night i was lying in my bed and thinking about something. is
> > there any linux distro that is primary oriented to python. you know
> > what i mean. no need for php, java, or something like this. pure
> > python and containig all the funky modules like scipy, numpy,
> > boaconstructor (wx of course). something like the python enthought
> > edition, but all this on a distro included. maybe psql but persistant
> > predered, zope of course. everything a developer is ever going to
> > need.
> > So i stood up, sat down on my ugly acer notebook with a python stiker
> > on it and made a huge list of cool modles i would prefer. I would like
> > to make such a distro but i am not a linux pro. so this is going to
> > stay just a idea. i thouht it should be realy user fredly like sabayon
> > or ubuntu (without xgel). if this were a live distro it would be
> > amazing.
> > I know, dont expet someone else to do your work, but is there anyone
> > who likes the idea and has the knowledge i dont have.
> > I also know for quantian (cool distro), but for me, there is too much
> > other crap and not enough python.
>
> > i even got the nam of it. maybee not the best but it fits the context.
> > PyTux
>
> Well, Ubuntu is normally held to be a pretty Python-friendly distro. But
> nowadays you might get more mileage out of distributing a Xen or VMWare
> virtual machine that has Python and all necessary packages installed
> with it. There is a fine example, the Python Web Developer Appliance, at
>
>http://www.mcguru.net/pyweb.html
>
> regards
>   Steve
> --
> Steve Holden   +44 150 684 7255  +1 800 494 3119
> Holden Web LLC/Ltd  http://www.holdenweb.com
> Skype: holdenwebhttp://del.icio.us/steve.holden
> Blog of Note:  http://holdenweb.blogspot.com
> See you at PyCon?http://us.pycon.org/TX2007


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Re: Re-installing Numeric and PIL Files

[W. Watson]

Robert Kern wrote:
> W. Watson wrote:
> 
>> I did a search in the python24 folder for sys.exec* (in c:\python24), but 
>> came up with nothing. [nothing in a search of c:--sys.exec*] I have two 
>> python folders, c:\python24 and c:\python25. The contents of both folders 
>> look fairly similar and each have a python.exe. I do not use a PIL or 
>> Numeric in 2.5.
> 
> I'm sorry. sys is a module. I meant for you to execute the following Python 
> code:
> 
>   import sys
>   print sys.executable
> 
I'm savvy about a number of languages, but not yet about Python. What py 
file will allow this to be executed?

main myprog
{
   import sys
   print sys.executable
   pause
} ??




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  (121.015 Deg. W, 39.262 Deg. N) GMT-8 hr std. time)
   Obz Site:  39° 15' 7" N, 121° 2' 32" W, 2700 feet

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distinction belongs to early bacteria, which some two million
years ago, invented photosynthesis.
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Re: Partial 1.0 - Partial classes for Python

[J. Clifford Dyer]

Martin v. Löwis wrote:
> I'm happy to announce partial 1.0; a module to implement
> partial classes in Python. It is available from
> 
> http://cheeseshop.python.org/pypi/partial/1.0
> 
> A partial class is a fragment of a class definition;
> partial classes allow to spread the definition of
> a class over several modules. One location serves
> as the original definition of the class.
> 
> To extend a class original_module.FullClass with
> an additional function, one writes
> 
> from partial import *
> import original_module
> 

Erm,

Please don't use 'from x import *', especially in a demo example like
this.  It makes it less clear which variables below come from your  module.

Thanks,
Cliff

> class ExtendedClass(partial, original_module.FullClass):
> def additional_method(self, args):
> body
> more_methods
> 
> This module is licensed under the Academic Free License v3.0.
> 
> Please send comments and feedback to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: idea for testing tools

[Eduardo \"EdCrypt\" O. Padoan]

> That's hardly desirable. If one is writing a test library that goes as
> far as reparsing the assert statements, I can't see the point of
> requiring the user to clutter his test suite with such spurious print
> statements. After all, that's one of the main points of test suites in
> the first place (that's why there is assertEqual).

It will be only be printed when the test fails, along with the rest of
the info. The tests will not be "cluttered" by this litle print.

-- 
EduardoOPadoan (eopadoan->altavix::com)
Bookmarks: http://del.icio.us/edcrypt
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begin to parse a web page not entirely downloaded

[k0mp]

Hi,

Is there a way to retrieve a web page and before it is entirely
downloaded, begin to test if a specific string is present and if yes
stop the download ?
I believe that urllib.openurl(url) will retrieve the whole page before
the program goes to the next statement. I suppose I would be able to
do what I want by using the sockets module, but I'm sure there's a
simpler way to do it.

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Re: Simple SVN/CVS-like library in Python?

[Andrea Gavana]

> Andrea Gavana wrote:
> > Hi All,
> >
> > in our office we work with quite complex input files for a
> > reservoir simulator. Those files have thousands of keywords, switches,
> > sub-keywords and whatever. Every time a modification is requested, we
> > modify the input file and re-run the simulator. Obviously, the
> > possible modifications are innumerable: so, after few months, we lose
> > the records of all the changes we made during time and we don't have
> > anymore a clear history of our work. This can be a problem, as
> > sometimes it happens that an old input file is requested by
> > collegues/sub-companies, and it is a pain to retrieve the correct file
> > and results.
> > So, I have written a GUI in wxPython that could help us in tracking
> > the history, but I was wondering if there exists a small and simple
> > SVN/CVS-like library in Python that may help us in a better way,
> > storing modifications/changes and showing which input file are the
> > "children" of (are derived from) another input file (older).
> > But I am open to all possible suggestions to improve/modify the
> > software, as this is an area in which my experience is about nothing
> > above zero.
> >

Thank you guys for all your useful suggestions.

Andrea.

"Imagination Is The Only Weapon In The War Against Reality."
http://xoomer.virgilio.it/infinity77/
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Re: begin to parse a web page not entirely downloaded

[Leif K-Brooks]

k0mp wrote:
> Is there a way to retrieve a web page and before it is entirely
> downloaded, begin to test if a specific string is present and if yes
> stop the download ?
> I believe that urllib.openurl(url) will retrieve the whole page before
> the program goes to the next statement.

Use urllib.urlopen(), but call .read() with a smallish argument, e.g.:

 >>> foo = urllib.urlopen('http://google.com')
 >>> foo.read(512)
' ...

foo.read(512) will return as soon as 512 bytes have been received. You 
can keep caling it until it returns an empty string, indicating that 
there's no more data to be read.
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Re: Calling J from Python

[Gosi]

On Feb 8, 12:00 pm, "[EMAIL PROTECTED]" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I may have mistook the source code licence for the use licence..  I
> will look into a little further to see what it can do..  Looks like
> you are not allowed to redistribute k for profit.  Some day I will
> look up letters a random in the search engine to see what I come up
> with.
>
> On Feb 6, 2:05 am, "Gosi" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > On Feb 6, 3:04 am, "[EMAIL PROTECTED]" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > On Feb 5, 8:48 am, "Gosi" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > > It is quite easy to call J from Python
>
> > > >http://groups.google.com/group/J-Programming/browse_thread/thread/5e8...
>
> > > There are a couple of issue that should be adressed.  Am I going to
> > > jail if I write a program and then redistribute all the files required
> > > to run the program I write??
>
> > J is free for anyone to download and use.
>
> > If someone is interested in putting you in jail it will not because
> > you distribute J or redistribute the J utilities.
>
> > > The second is how do I use the j stuff
> > > without learning all that much about j.
>
> > Just like Python then how much time you spend is uo to you.
>
> > If you want to be good at it you may have to spend some time.
>
> > You may also be just a casual user and dip into it now and again.
>
> > There are lots of Demos, Labs and Help files besides all the
> > utilities.
>
> > You can freely use the utilities and examples to create your own
> > application.
>
> > You can write code in conventional style and not spend any time on the
> > advanced functionality.
>
> > > I am just intrested in
> > > stealing graphics libraries and using what I have already written in
> > > python..
>
> > There are a number of graphics examples, utilities and demos you can
> > use in J and combine it with Python.
>
> > The new grid classes in J are amazingly useful too.
>
> > I am just starting to learn Python and I find it interesting to
> > combine it with J.
> > I know a few people who are doing so successfully.
>
> > There are always some nicetise in any language that can be beneficial.
> > Combining them enhances both.
>
> >http://groups.google.com/group/j-programminghttp://jsoftware.com/

You can get older versions of the source code too for free.
The utility sources are also free.

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Re: Convert from unicode chars to HTML entities

[Roberto Bonvallet]

Steven D'Aprano <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I have a string containing Latin-1 characters:
> 
> s = u"© and many more..."
> 
> I want to convert it to HTML entities:
> 
> result =>
> "© and many more..."
[...[
> Is there a "batteries included" solution that doesn't involve
> reinventing the wheel?

recode is good for this kind of things:

$ recode latin1..html -d mytextfile

It seems that there are recode bindings for Python:

$ apt-cache search recode | grep python
python-bibtex - Python interfaces to BibTeX and the GNU Recode library

HTH, cheers.
-- 
Roberto Bonvallet
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Re: Does the world need another v0.1 python compiler?

[bearophileHUGS]

sturlamolden:
> IMHO, with the presence of static types in Py3K, we should have a
> static compiler that can be invoked dynamically, just like Common
> Lisp.
> Something like
>
> def foo(...):
> bar = static_compile(foo, optimize=2)
> bar(...)
>
> JIT compilers are hyped, static compilers perform much better. This
> way the programmer can decide what needs to be compiled. This is the
> reason why CMUCL can compete with most C compilers.

Lot of Python code uses Psyco, so maybe it may be better to extend
Psyco to that 'static compilation' functionality too:

def foo(...):
psyco.static_bind(foo)

At the moment I think this approach can't improve much the speed of
Python programs compared to what Psyco is already able to do.
PyPy's RPython and ShedSkin are also to be considered, recently
ShedSkin is going to support some of the usual Python forms of lazy
processing too.

Bye,
bearophile

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Re: Simple SVN/CVS-like library in Python?

[Martin Wiechert]

On Wednesday 07 February 2007 21:29, Andrea Gavana wrote:
> Hi All,
>
> in our office we work with quite complex input files for a
> reservoir simulator. Those files have thousands of keywords, switches,
> sub-keywords and whatever. Every time a modification is requested, we
> modify the input file and re-run the simulator. Obviously, the
> possible modifications are innumerable: so, after few months, we lose
> the records of all the changes we made during time and we don't have
> anymore a clear history of our work. This can be a problem, as
> sometimes it happens that an old input file is requested by
> collegues/sub-companies, and it is a pain to retrieve the correct file
> and results.
> So, I have written a GUI in wxPython that could help us in tracking
> the history, but I was wondering if there exists a small and simple
> SVN/CVS-like library in Python that may help us in a better way,
> storing modifications/changes and showing which input file are the
> "children" of (are derived from) another input file (older).
> But I am open to all possible suggestions to improve/modify the
> software, as this is an area in which my experience is about nothing
> above zero.
>
> Thank you very much for every hint.

http://www.selenic.com/mercurial/wiki/
http://www.selenic.com/mercurial/wiki/index.cgi/HgkExtension

>
> Andrea.
>
> "Imagination Is The Only Weapon In The War Against Reality."
> http://xoomer.virgilio.it/infinity77/
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Re: Fwd: Python new user question - file writeline error

[Jussi Salmela]

Shawn Milo kirjoitti:
> To the list:
> 
> I have come up with something that's working fine. However, I'm fairly
> new to Python, so I'd really appreciate any suggestions on how this
> can be made more Pythonic.
> 
> Thanks,
> Shawn
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Okay, here's what I have come up with:

What follows may feel harsh but you asked for it ;)

> 
> 
> #! /usr/bin/python
> 
> import sys
> import re
> 
> month 
> ={'JAN':1,'FEB':2,'MAR':3,'APR':4,'MAY':5,'JUN':6,'JUL':7,'AUG':8,'SEP':9,'OCT':10,'NOV':11,'DEC':12}
>  
> 
> infile=file('TVA-0316','r')
> outfile=file('tmp.out','w')
> 
> def formatDatePart(x):
>"take a number and transform it into a two-character string,
> zero padded"
If a comment or doc string is misleading one would be better off without
it entirely:
"take a number": the function can in fact take (at least)
any base type
"transform it": the function doesn't transform x to anything
although the name of the variable x is the same
as the argument x
"two-character string": to a string of at least 2 chars
"zero padded": where left/right???
>x = str(x)
>while len(x) < 2:
>x = "0" + x
You don't need loops for these kind of things. One possibility is to 
replace the whole body with:
return str(x).zfill(2)
>return x
> 
> regex = re.compile(r",\d{2}/[A-Z]{3}/\d{4},")
> 
> for line in infile:
>matches = regex.findall(line)
>for someDate in matches:
> 
Empty lines are supposed to make code more readable. The above empty
line does the contrary by separating the block controlled by the for
and the for statement
>dayNum = formatDatePart(someDate[1:3])
>monthNum = formatDatePart(month[someDate[4:7]])
>yearNum = formatDatePart(someDate[8:12])
You don't need the formatDatePart function at all:
newDate = ",%4s-%02d-%2s," % \
(someDate[8:12],month[someDate[4:7]],someDate[1:3])
> 
>newDate = ",%s-%s-%s," % (yearNum,monthNum,dayNum)
>line = line.replace(someDate, newDate)
> 
>outfile.writelines(line)
> 
> infile.close
> outfile.close
You have not read the answers given to the OP, have you. Because if you 
had, your code would be:
infile.close()
outfile.close()
The reason your version seems to be working, is that you probably 
execute your code from the command-line and exiting from Python to 
command-line closes the files, even if you don't.

Cheers,
Jussi
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Re: Fwd: Python new user question - file writeline error

[Shawn Milo]

On 2/8/07, Jussi Salmela <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Shawn Milo kirjoitti:
> > To the list:
> >
> > I have come up with something that's working fine. However, I'm fairly
> > new to Python, so I'd really appreciate any suggestions on how this
> > can be made more Pythonic.
> >
> > Thanks,
> > Shawn
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Okay, here's what I have come up with:
>
> What follows may feel harsh but you asked for it ;)
>
> >
> >
> > #! /usr/bin/python
> >
> > import sys
> > import re
> >
> > month
> > ={'JAN':1,'FEB':2,'MAR':3,'APR':4,'MAY':5,'JUN':6,'JUL':7,'AUG':8,'SEP':9,'OCT':10,'NOV':11,'DEC':12}
> >
> > infile=file('TVA-0316','r')
> > outfile=file('tmp.out','w')
> >
> > def formatDatePart(x):
> >"take a number and transform it into a two-character string,
> > zero padded"
> If a comment or doc string is misleading one would be better off without
> it entirely:
> "take a number": the function can in fact take (at least)
> any base type
> "transform it": the function doesn't transform x to anything
> although the name of the variable x is the same
> as the argument x
> "two-character string": to a string of at least 2 chars
> "zero padded": where left/right???
> >x = str(x)
> >while len(x) < 2:
> >x = "0" + x
> You don't need loops for these kind of things. One possibility is to
> replace the whole body with:
> return str(x).zfill(2)
> >return x
> >
> > regex = re.compile(r",\d{2}/[A-Z]{3}/\d{4},")
> >
> > for line in infile:
> >matches = regex.findall(line)
> >for someDate in matches:
> >
> Empty lines are supposed to make code more readable. The above empty
> line does the contrary by separating the block controlled by the for
> and the for statement
> >dayNum = formatDatePart(someDate[1:3])
> >monthNum = formatDatePart(month[someDate[4:7]])
> >yearNum = formatDatePart(someDate[8:12])
> You don't need the formatDatePart function at all:
> newDate = ",%4s-%02d-%2s," % \
> (someDate[8:12],month[someDate[4:7]],someDate[1:3])
> >
> >newDate = ",%s-%s-%s," % (yearNum,monthNum,dayNum)
> >line = line.replace(someDate, newDate)
> >
> >outfile.writelines(line)
> >
> > infile.close
> > outfile.close
> You have not read the answers given to the OP, have you. Because if you
> had, your code would be:
> infile.close()
> outfile.close()
> The reason your version seems to be working, is that you probably
> execute your code from the command-line and exiting from Python to
> command-line closes the files, even if you don't.
>
> Cheers,
> Jussi
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>


Jussi,

Thanks for the feedback. I received similar comments on a couple of
those items, and posted a newer version an hour or two ago. I think
the only thing missing there is a friendly blank line after my "for
line in infile:" statement.

Please let me know if there is anything else.

Shawn
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Re: begin to parse a web page not entirely downloaded

[k0mp]

On Feb 8, 6:54 pm, Leif K-Brooks <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> k0mp wrote:
> > Is there a way to retrieve a web page and before it is entirely
> > downloaded, begin to test if a specific string is present and if yes
> > stop the download ?
> > I believe that urllib.openurl(url) will retrieve the whole page before
> > the program goes to the next statement.
>
> Use urllib.urlopen(), but call .read() with a smallish argument, e.g.:
>
>  >>> foo = urllib.urlopen('http://google.com')
>  >>> foo.read(512)
> ' ...
>
> foo.read(512) will return as soon as 512 bytes have been received. You
> can keep caling it until it returns an empty string, indicating that
> there's no more data to be read.

Thanks for your answer :)

I'm not sure that read() works as you say.
Here is a test I've done :

import urllib2
import re
import time

CHUNKSIZE = 1024

print 'f.read(CHUNK)'
print time.clock()

for i in range(30) :
f = urllib2.urlopen('http://google.com')
while True:   # read the page using a loop
chunk = f.read(CHUNKSIZE)
if not chunk: break
m = re.search('', chunk )
if m != None :
break

print time.clock()

print

print 'f.read()'
print time.clock()
for i in range(30) :
f = urllib2.urlopen('http://google.com')
m = re.search('', f.read() )
if m != None :
break

print time.clock()


It prints that :
f.read(CHUNK)
0.1
0.31

f.read()
0.31
0.32


It seems to take more time when I use read(size) than just read.
I think in both case urllib.openurl retrieve the whole page.

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Functions, parameters

[Boris Ozegovic]

Hi, I'am still learning Python and while reading Django tutorial couldn't
understand this part:

class Poll(models.Model):
question = models.CharField(maxlength=200)
pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')


# Django provides a rich database lookup API that's entirely driven by
# keyword arguments.
>>> Poll.objects.filter(question__startswith='What')

This 'question__startswith' is the problem.  What is the common idiom for
this type od arguments, so I can Google it?  I understand what this filter
is suppose to do, but don't know how it is done (this separation of Poll
atribute and startwith function).

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Re: Strings in Python

[attn . steven . kuo]

On Feb 8, 8:28 am, "Johny" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Playing a little more with strings, I found out that string.find
> function provides the position of
> the first occurance of the substring in the string.
> Is there a way how to find out all substring's position ?
> To explain more,
> let's suppose
>
> mystring='12341'
> import string
>
> >>> string.find(mystring ,'1')
>
> 0
>
> But I need to find the  possition the other '1' in mystring too.
> Is it possible?
> Or must I use regex?


In this case, you can use:

mystring = '12341'
indices = [ _ for _ in range(len(mystring)) if mystring[_] == '1' ]
print indices

--
Hope this helps,
Steven

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Re: Functions, parameters

[Bruno Desthuilliers]

Boris Ozegovic a écrit :
> Hi, I'am still learning Python and while reading Django tutorial couldn't
> understand this part:
> 
> class Poll(models.Model):
>   question = models.CharField(maxlength=200)
>   pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')
> 
> 
> # Django provides a rich database lookup API that's entirely driven by
> # keyword arguments.
> 
Poll.objects.filter(question__startswith='What')
> 
> 
> This 'question__startswith' is the problem.  What is the common idiom for
> this type od arguments, so I can Google it? 

It's a named argument - in Python we usually name them keyword args.
http://docs.python.org/tut/node6.html#SECTION00672

> I understand what this filter
> is suppose to do, but don't know how it is done (this separation of Poll
> atribute and startwith function).
> 

Why don't you just read the source code ? Django is free software, you 
know !-)

What about something like:

def filter(self, **kw):
   for argname, value in kw.items():
 fieldname, op = argname.split('__', 1)
 assert fieldname in self.fields
 # build the query here
 # etc...
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Re: Functions, parameters

[Matimus]

>>> Poll.objects.filter(question__startswith='What')

That is an example of a keyword argument. You can read about it in the
Python Tutorial:
http://docs.python.org/tut/node6.html#SECTION00672

-Matt


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Re: Functions, parameters

[Paul Rubin]

Boris Ozegovic <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> >>> Poll.objects.filter(question__startswith='What')
> 
> This 'question__startswith' is the problem.  What is the common idiom for
> this type od arguments, so I can Google it?  

You can refer to function args in Python by name, e.g. define a function

   def print_power(x, y):
  print x ** y

and you can pass the parameters in by position, like in most languages:

   print_power(5, 2)# prints "25"

You can also pass them by name, saying explicitly which arg is which
(called "keyword arguments"):

   print_power(x=5, y=2)   # also prints "25"
   print_power(y=5, x=2)  # prints "32"

You can make functions that take arbitrary named parameters.  The ** below
means that arg gets bound to a dictionary containing all the keyword args:

   def func(**keyword_args):
  print 'args are:'
  for k in keyword_args:
 print k, '=>', keyword_args[k]

   func(a=2, b=5, c='whee')

prints:

a => 2
b => 5
c => whee
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[Windows] Sending CTRL-C event to console application

[Daniel Clark]

I have a Windows command line based application that only shuts down
cleanly if it sees "CTRL-C" on the console. I need to automate the
running of this application, but still allow the user sitting at the
machine to cancel the process cleanly if he/she needs to. In Unix this
would be a tiny shell script that used "kill -15", but under Windows
there does not seem to be an easy way to do this, at least that I can
find.

Below is a test program, based on CreateProcess.py from "Python
Programming on Win32". The
win32api.GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(win32con.CTRL_C_EVENT, pid) lines
don't seem to do anything. What they should do is nothing in the case
of notepad, and exit out of the dir builtin process in the case of the
cmd.exe process.

Any ideas on how to make this work?

# CreateProcessDc.py
#
# Demo of creating two processes using the CreateProcess API,
# then waiting for the processes to terminate.

import win32process
import win32event
import win32con
import win32api
import time

# Create a process specified by commandLine, and
# The process' window should be at position rect
# Returns the handle to the new process.
def CreateMyProcess(commandLine, rect):
# Create a STARTUPINFO object
si = win32process.STARTUPINFO()
# Set the position in the startup info.
si.dwX, si.dwY, si.dwXSize, si.dwYSize = rect
# And indicate which of the items are valid.
si.dwFlags = win32process.STARTF_USEPOSITION | \
 win32process.STARTF_USESIZE
# Set Creation Flags
CreationFlags = win32process.CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE | \
win32process.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP | \
win32process.NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS
# Rest of startup info is default, so we leave it alone.
# Create the process.
info = win32process.CreateProcess(
  None, # AppName
  commandLine, # Command line
  None, # Process Security
  None, # ThreadSecurity
  0, # Inherit Handles?
  CreationFlags,
  None, # New environment
  None, # Current directory
  win32process.STARTUPINFO()) # startup info.
  ##si) # startup info.
# Return the handle to the process.
# Recall info is a tuple of (hProcess, hThread, processId,
threadId)
return (info[0], info[2])

def RunEm():
pids = []
handles = []
# First get the screen size to calculate layout.
screenX = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(win32con.SM_CXSCREEN)
screenY = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(win32con.SM_CYSCREEN)
# First instance will be on the left hand side of the screen.
rect = 0, 0, screenX/2, screenY
handle, pid = CreateMyProcess("notepad", rect)
handles.append(handle)
pids.append(pid)
# Second instance of Notepad will be on the right hand side.
rect = screenX/2+1, 0, screenX/2, screenY
cmd2 = "cmd /k dir /s/p c:\\"
handle, pid = CreateMyProcess(cmd2, rect)
handles.append(handle)
pids.append(pid)

# Now we have the processes, wait for them both
# to terminate.
# Rather than waiting the whole time, we loop 10 times,
# waiting for one second each time, printing a message
# each time around the loop
countdown = range(1,10)
countdown.reverse()
for i in countdown:
print "Waiting %d seconds for apps to close" % i
rc = win32event.WaitForMultipleObjects(
  handles, # Objects to wait for.
  1, # Wait for them all
  1000) # timeout in milli-seconds.
if rc == win32event.WAIT_OBJECT_0:
# Our processes closed!
print "Our processes closed in time."
break
# else just continue around the loop.
else:
# We didn't break out of the for loop!
print "Giving up waiting - sending CTRL-C to processes"
for pid in pids:
try:
print "Sending CTRL-C to process with pid: " +
str(pid)
 
win32api.GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(win32con.CTRL_C_EVENT, pid)
 
win32api.GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(win32con.CTRL_C_EVENT, pid)
 
win32api.GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(win32con.CTRL_C_EVENT, pid)
 
win32api.GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(win32con.CTRL_C_EVENT, pid)
 
win32api.GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(win32con.CTRL_C_EVENT, pid)
except win32api.error:
pass
print "Waiting 10 seconds, then going to terminate processes"
time.sleep(10)
print "Giving up waiting - killing processes"
for handle in handles:
try:
win32process.TerminateProcess(handle, 0)
except win32process.error:
# This one may have already stopped.
pass

if __name__=='__main__':
RunEm()

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Re: Functions, parameters

[Boris Ozegovic]

Bruno Desthuilliers wrote:

> Why don't you just read the source code ? Django is free software, you 
> know !-)

Yes, I know.  :)  

> What about something like:
 
> def filter(self, **kw):
>for argname, value in kw.items():
>  fieldname, op = argname.split('__', 1)

Yes, this is what confused me in the first place: how to separate
arguments.  If you call split, and split returns list of String, then you
have fieldname = 'question' and startwith = 'what', and not references at
question and startwith, or am I missing something big.  

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Re: begin to parse a web page not entirely downloaded

[Leif K-Brooks]

k0mp wrote:
> It seems to take more time when I use read(size) than just read.
> I think in both case urllib.openurl retrieve the whole page.

Google's home page is very small, so it's not really a great test of 
that. Here's a test downloading the first 512 bytes of an Ubuntu ISO 
(beware of wrap):

$ python -m timeit -n1 -r1 "import urllib" 
"urllib.urlopen('http://ubuntu.cs.utah.edu/releases/6.06/ubuntu-6.06.1-desktop-i386.iso').read(512)"
1 loops, best of 1: 596 msec per loop
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Re: Functions, parameters

[Paul Rubin]

Boris Ozegovic <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> > def filter(self, **kw):
> >for argname, value in kw.items():
> >  fieldname, op = argname.split('__', 1)
> 
> Yes, this is what confused me in the first place: how to separate
> arguments.  If you call split, and split returns list of String, then you
> have fieldname = 'question' and startwith = 'what', and not references at
> question and startwith, or am I missing something big.  

Oh, I understand your question now.  The call was:

   Poll.objects.filter(question__startswith='What')

'filter' receives the argument 'kw', which is a dictionary whose value will be
  
{ 'question__startswith' : 'What' }

That means the "for argname, value" loop iterates just once, with
argname = 'question__startswith' 
and 
value = 'What'

Since split is applied to argname, it retrieves 'question' and 'startswith'.
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Re: begin to parse a web page not entirely downloaded

[Björn Steinbrink]

On Thu, 08 Feb 2007 10:20:56 -0800, k0mp wrote:

> On Feb 8, 6:54 pm, Leif K-Brooks <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> k0mp wrote:
>> > Is there a way to retrieve a web page and before it is entirely
>> > downloaded, begin to test if a specific string is present and if yes
>> > stop the download ?
>> > I believe that urllib.openurl(url) will retrieve the whole page before
>> > the program goes to the next statement.
>>
>> Use urllib.urlopen(), but call .read() with a smallish argument, e.g.:
>>
>>  >>> foo = urllib.urlopen('http://google.com')
>>  >>> foo.read(512)
>> ' ...
>>
>> foo.read(512) will return as soon as 512 bytes have been received. You
>> can keep caling it until it returns an empty string, indicating that
>> there's no more data to be read.
> 
> Thanks for your answer :)
> 
> I'm not sure that read() works as you say.
> Here is a test I've done :
> 
> import urllib2
> import re
> import time
> 
> CHUNKSIZE = 1024
> 
> print 'f.read(CHUNK)'
> print time.clock()
> 
> for i in range(30) :
> f = urllib2.urlopen('http://google.com')
> while True:   # read the page using a loop
> chunk = f.read(CHUNKSIZE)
> if not chunk: break
> m = re.search('', chunk )
> if m != None :
> break
> 
> print time.clock()
> 
> print
> 
> print 'f.read()'
> print time.clock()
> for i in range(30) :
> f = urllib2.urlopen('http://google.com')
> m = re.search('', f.read() )
> if m != None :
> break

A fair comparison would use "pass" here. Or a while loop as in the
other case. The way it is, it compares 30 times read(CHUNKSIZE)
against one time read().

Björn
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Re: Does the world need another v0.1 python compiler?

[sturlamolden]

On Feb 8, 7:02 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> At the moment I think this approach can't improve much the speed of
> Python programs compared to what Psyco is already able to do.

Pyrex generates code that competes with hand-written C. It is as close
to statically typed Python as it gets.

http://www.scipy.org/PerformancePython

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Re: Partial 1.0 - Partial classes for Python

[Thomas Heller]

Ziga Seilnacht schrieb:
> Thomas Heller wrote:
>>
>> Do you have a pointer to that post?
>>
> 
> I think that he was refering to this post:
> http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2006-December/416241.html
> 
> If you are interested in various implementations there is also this:
> http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2006-August/396835.html
> 
> and a module from PyPy:
> http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2006-July/067501.html
> 
> which was moved to a new location:
> https://codespeak.net/viewvc/pypy/dist/pypy/tool/pairtype.py?view=markup
> 

Thanks for these links.  It seems they all (including Martin's partial) 
implementation
all use more or less the same trick (or hack ;-).

I agree with most of the posters is this thread that it is confusing to spread
the definition of a class over several places or files.

But, there are cases where the trick come in handy - when classes are created
not by class statements.

In ctypes, for example, a pointer type to a ctypes type is created by calling
the POINTER function which creates a new class.  When you have done this, the
usual way to add additional methods to the new class is by assigning them like 
this:

from ctypes import *

pointer_to_c_int = POINTER(c_int)

@classmethod
def from_param(cls, value):
... do something ...

pointer_to_c_int.from_param = from_param

IMO, using the tricky class in the recipes mentioned above, you can write 
instead:

class pointer_to_c_int(partial, POINTER(c_int)):
@classmethod
def from_param(cls, value):
... do something ...

Thomas
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default mutable arguments

[Gigs_]

I read that this is not the same:
if arg is None: arg = []
arg = arg or []


def functionF(argString="abc", argList = None):
 if argList is None: argList = []  # < this
 ...
def functionF(argString="abc", argList=None):
 argList = argList or []   # and this
 ...

Why?


thanks !!!
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