need help of RE

[cheng]

hi all
a string like

"(word1 & (Word2|woRd3))"

how can i use the re to split it to

['word1', 'word2', 'word3']

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Re: the problem with cgi

[EP]

> Has anyone seen that problem with running a python cgi script in a
> server?
> It takes you to myspace.com/redmartian or something. Anyway, does
> anyone know when this problem will be fixed?


Xah Lee is working on it.

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Re: How do i read just the last line of a text file?

[Chris F.A. Johnson]

On Sun, 29 May 2005 at 05:57 GMT, John Machin wrote:
> Chris F.A. Johnson wrote:
> 
>> file = open(argv[1])  ## Open the file given on the command line
>> all_lines = file.readlines()  ## Read all the lines
> 
> I see your shadowing and raise you one obfuscation:

   ;)

> open = file(argv[1])  ## File the open given on the command line
> all_lines = open.readlines()  ## Read all the lines

   Such verbosity! (I excuse mine on the grounds that it was my first
   attempt at a Python program.)

all_lines = file(argv[1]).readlines()

   And to answer the question in the subject line:

last_line = file(argv[1]).readlines()[-1]

   Both of which assume "from sys import argv".


   Now I have to get serious and forget those bad habits.

-- 
Chris F.A. Johnson 
==
Shell Scripting Recipes: A Problem-Solution Approach, 2005, Apress

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Re: need help of RE

[Elliot Temple]

On May 29, 2005, at 12:39 AM, cheng wrote:

> hi all
> a string like
>
> "(word1 & (Word2|woRd3))"
>
> how can i use the re to split it to
>
> ['word1', 'word2', 'word3']

Could you be more exact about what the string is like?  Does it  
literally contain the characters '&' and '|' ?  If so, just split at  
them.

-- Elliot Temple
http://www.curi.us/


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Re: need help of RE

[cheng]

im sorry, my engilsh is not vell well,

the string not only contain '&' and '|' and it can be anyting

i just want to split out the "whole word" inside the string

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Re: need help of RE

[cheng]

i try

query = query.lower()
print re.split(r'\W+',theString)

the reslut is :
['', 'word1', 'word2', 'word3', '']

how can i fix the statment to get 

['word1', 'word2', 'word3']

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Re: need help of RE

[cheng]

i try

theString= theString.lower()
print re.split(r'\W+',theString)

the reslut is :
['', 'word1', 'word2', 'word3', '']

how can i fix the statment to get 

['word1', 'word2', 'word3']

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Re: need help of RE

[Elliot Temple]

On May 29, 2005, at 12:57 AM, cheng wrote:

> im sorry, my engilsh is not vell well,
>
> the string not only contain '&' and '|' and it can be anyting
>
> i just want to split out the "whole word" inside the string

If the string could be anything, how do you know where the words are?

If it's whitespace that separates words, try out str.split()

-- Elliot Temple
http://www.curi.us/


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Re: need help of RE

[tiissa]

cheng wrote:
> im sorry, my engilsh is not vell well,

That's alright, you could have been french. ;)

> the string not only contain '&' and '|' and it can be anyting
> 
> i just want to split out the "whole word" inside the string

Look at the example for split function of re module in the doc [1].

In short:

 >>> import re
 >>> s="(word1 & (Word2|woRd3))"
 >>> re.split("\W+",s)
['', 'word1', 'Word2', 'woRd3', '']
 >>> [w.lower() for w in re.split("\W+",s) if w != '']
['word1', 'word2', 'word3']
 >>>


[1]http://python.org/doc/lib/node114.html
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Re: need help of RE

[Chris F.A. Johnson]

On Sun, 29 May 2005 at 07:39 GMT, cheng wrote:
> hi all
> a string like
> 
> "(word1 & (Word2|woRd3))"
> 
> how can i use the re to split it to
> 
> ['word1', 'word2', 'word3']

This splits the string on one or more occurrences of any character
that is not alphanumeric: 

import re
str = "(word1 & (Word2|woRd3))"
s = re.sub("[^a-zA-Z0-9]+"," ",str).split()

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==
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Re: need help of RE

[cheng]

thx for help..i got it now :)

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Re: need help of RE

[vincent wehren]

"cheng" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> schrieb im Newsbeitrag 
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
| hi all
| a string like
|
| "(word1 & (Word2|woRd3))"
|
| how can i use the re to split it to
|
| ['word1', 'word2', 'word3']
|

import re
s = "(word1 & (Word2|woRd3)"
parts = re.split('\W+', s)
print [p for p in parts if p]

--

Vincent Wehren 


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Re: need help of RE

[John Machin]

cheng wrote:
> hi all
> a string like
> 
> "(word1 & (Word2|woRd3))"
> 
> how can i use the re to split it to
> 
> ['word1', 'word2', 'word3']
> 

OK, so you know about the re module.

Look in the manual: there's a module-level function called
"split", with an example similar to yours. Did you try that?
Let's do it now:

 >>> import re
 >>> text = "(word1 & (Word2|woRd3))".lower()
# you seem to want downshifting ...
 >>> re.split(r"\W+", text)
['', 'word1', 'word2', 'word3', '']
 >>>

Hmmm ... near, but not exactly what you want. We need to throw away 
those empty strings, which will appear if you have non-word characters 
at the ends of your text.

Two ways of doing that:

 >>> filter(None, re.split(r"\W+", text))
['word1', 'word2', 'word3']

or

 >>> [x for x in re.split(r"\W+", text) if x]
['word1', 'word2', 'word3']

Forget about "filter". Read about "list comprehensions" and "generator 
expressions" -- they are more general and powerful.

Cheers,
John

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Re: Xml writing in Python and verifying using XSD

[Prashanth Ellina]

Diez B. Roggisch wrote:

> Use StringIO to capture the output of your writings, and use a
> xsd-validating parser (not sure which one, but google should help) to
> reread that. Or a temporary file.

Thank you very much. I'll try that.

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Creating dict from keys and values

[Dirkjan Ochtman]

Hi there,

I'm looking for an intuitive way of creating a dict from what the 
dict.keys() and dict.values() will return (two lists).

Currently, I'm using this code:

> d = {}
> for i in range(len(data)):
>   d[header[i]] = data[i]

But this feels kind of inelegant. So: is there a better way?

TIA,

Dirkjan
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ControlDesk Automation in dSpace

[Crispen]

I am having trouble using the ControlDesk automation libraries in
python. In particluiar running the automation in a thread. My code is
as follows, is keeps coming up with this strange error. Any help would
be great.

Crispen

import cdacon
from time import sleep
from cdautomationlib import *

def Auto():
   sleep(0.5)
   # triggering://dSPACE NumericInput Control_1:WriteData
   Instrumentation().ConnectionController.DisableSystemPoll()
   Instrumentation().Layouts.Item("c:\\users\\matlab
files\\triggering.lay").Instruments.Item("dSPACE NumericInput
Control_1").Value = 1.
   Instrumentation().ConnectionController.ProcessAnimationEvent
("triggering://dSPACE NumericInput Control_1","WriteData")
   Instrumentation().ConnectionController.EnableSystemPoll()
   sleep(0.5)
   # triggering://dSPACE NumericInput Control_1:WriteData
   Instrumentation().ConnectionController.DisableSystemPoll()
   Instrumentation().Layouts.Item("c:\\users\\matlab
files\\triggering.lay").Instruments.Item("dSPACE NumericInput
Control_1").Value = 0.0

Instrumentation().ConnectionController.ProcessAnimationEvent("triggering://dSPACE
NumericInput Control_1","WriteData")
 Instrumentation().ConnectionController.EnableSystemPoll()
   sleep(0.5)
   # triggering://dSPACE NumericInput Control:WriteData
   Instrumentation().ConnectionController.DisableSystemPoll()
   Instrumentation().Layouts.Item("c:\\users\\matlab
files\\triggering.lay").Instruments.Item("dSPACE NumericInput
Control").Value = 1.
   Instrumentation().ConnectionController.ProcessAnimationEvent
("triggering://dSPACE NumericInput Control","WriteData")
   Instrumentation().ConnectionController.EnableSystemPoll()
   sleep(0.5)
   # triggering://dSPACE NumericInput Control:WriteData
   Instrumentation().ConnectionController.DisableSystemPoll()
   sleep(0.5)
   Instrumentation().Layouts.Item("c:\\users\\matlab
files\\triggering.lay").Instruments.Item("dSPACE NumericInput
Control").Value = 0.0

Instrumentation().ConnectionController.ProcessAnimationEvent("triggering://dSPACE
NumericInput Control","WriteData")
   Instrumentation().ConnectionController.EnableSystemPoll()
   sleep(0.5)
   Instrumentation().Layouts.Item("c:\\users\\matlab
files\\triggering.lay").Activate()
   sleep(0.5)
   Instrumentation().Layouts.Item("c:\\users\\matlab
files\\triggering.lay").Activate()


thread.start_new_thread(Auto,())

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Re: Creating dict from keys and values

[Just]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
 Dirkjan Ochtman <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Hi there,
> 
> I'm looking for an intuitive way of creating a dict from what the 
> dict.keys() and dict.values() will return (two lists).
> 
> Currently, I'm using this code:
> 
> > d = {}
> > for i in range(len(data)):
> > d[header[i]] = data[i]
> 
> But this feels kind of inelegant. So: is there a better way?

   d = dict(zip(header, data))

Just
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Re: Copy paste in entry widget

[Michael Onfrek]

I need it for Linux, so far only TkInter used.

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Re: Getting value of radiobutton trouble

[VK]

Philippe C. Martin wrote:
> PS: Since your starting with TKinter, and although I do not know what your
> goal is, I suggest you take a look at wxPython: it is _wonderfull_ ! (no
> offence to TCL/TK)
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Philippe
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> VK wrote:
> 
> 
>>Philippe C. Martin wrote:
>>
>>>Hi,
>>>
>>>I think your second call to Tk() does it: this works although the look is
>>>different:
>>>
>>>
>>>from Tkinter import *
>>>class GetVariant:
>>> def __init__(self):
>>> self.root = Tk()
>>> self.mainframe = Frame(self.root,bg="yellow")
>>> self.mainframe.pack(fill=BOTH,expand=1)
>>>
>>> self.firstframe = Frame(self.mainframe,bg="red")
>>> self.firstframe.pack(side=BOTTOM,expand=1)
>>>
>>> global v
>>> v = StringVar()
>>> self.radiobutton = Radiobutton(self.firstframe,text= "Variant
>>>1", variable=v, value="Variant 1")
>>> self.radiobutton.pack(side=TOP,anchor=W)
>>> self.radiobutton.select()
>>> self.radiobutton = Radiobutton(self.firstframe,text= "Variant
>>>2", variable=v, value="Variant 2")
>>> self.radiobutton.pack(side=TOP,anchor=W)
>>> self.radiobutton = Radiobutton(self.firstframe,text= "Variant
>>>3", variable=v, value="Variant 3")
>>> self.radiobutton.pack(side=TOP,anchor=W)
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> self.secondframe = Frame(self.mainframe,bg="blue")
>>> self.secondframe.pack()
>>> self.var = Button(self.secondframe,text="What
>>>Variant",command=self.call)
>>> self.var.pack(expand=1,side=BOTTOM)
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> def call(self):
>>> self.variant = v.get()
>>> print 'Input => "%s"' % self.variant
>>>
>>>class OneButton:
>>> def __init__(self):
>>> self.root = Tk()
>>> Button(self.root,text="click me",command=self.getvar).pack()
>>> def getvar(self):
>>> a=GetVariant()
>>>
>>>d = OneButton()
>>>d.root.mainloop()
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>VK wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>
Hi!
What I'm missing in following code? Cannot get the values of
radiobuttons. Starting only one class (GetVariant), it works. When I put
two classes together, it doesn't.
Regards, VK

>>>
from Tkinter import *
>>>
class GetVariant:
def __init__(self):
self.root = Tk()
self.mainframe = Frame(self.root,bg="yellow")
self.mainframe.pack(fill=BOTH,expand=1)

self.firstframe = Frame(self.mainframe,bg="red")
self.firstframe.pack(side=BOTTOM,expand=1)

global v
v = StringVar()
self.radiobutton = Radiobutton(self.firstframe,text= "Variant
1", variable=v, value="Variant 1")
self.radiobutton.pack(side=TOP,anchor=W)
self.radiobutton.select()
self.radiobutton = Radiobutton(self.firstframe,text= "Variant
2", variable=v, value="Variant 2")
self.radiobutton.pack(side=TOP,anchor=W)
self.radiobutton = Radiobutton(self.firstframe,text= "Variant
3", variable=v, value="Variant 3")
self.radiobutton.pack(side=TOP,anchor=W)



self.secondframe = Frame(self.mainframe,bg="blue")
self.secondframe.pack()
self.var = Button(self.secondframe,text="What
Variant",command=self.call)
self.var.pack(expand=1,side=BOTTOM)



def call(self):
self.variant = v.get()
print 'Input => "%s"' % self.variant

class OneButton:
def __init__(self):
self.root = Tk()
Button(self.root,text="click me",command=self.getvar).pack()
def getvar(self):
a=GetVariant()

d = OneButton()
d.root.mainloop()
>>>
>>>
>>Sorry, but I don't get it. There is no deference between my code and
>>your answer. I'm beginner...
> 
> 

Thanks for your help! Toplevel made the job.
Reg. VK
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Re: Is there a better way of doing this?

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Sat, 28 May 2005 13:24:19 +, Michael wrote:

> Hi,
> I'm fairly new at Python, and have the following code that works but isn't
> very concise, is there a better way of writing it?? It seems much more
> lengthy than python code i have read. :-)
> (takes a C++ block and extracts the namespaces from it)


Does it work? If Yes, then "if it works, don't fix it".

Is it fast enough? If Yes, then "don't optimise prematurely".

Does it do everything you need it to do? If Yes, then "know when to stop
programming".

Is it written in good Python style? If Yes, then "leave it alone".

The last one is the most difficult, because nobody agrees what good
Python style is. A lot of it depends on who is going to be reading your
code. Personally, I worry about folks who try to turn every piece of code
into a one-liner. If you want to write perl, write perl. Just because you
can write something as a nested list comprehension doesn't mean you should.

Having said that, I'll make some stylistic suggestions:
 
> def ExtractNamespaces(data):
>  print("Extracting Namespaces")

print is a statement, not a function. The brackets are syntactically
correct, but pointless. Remove them.

>  p = re.compile( 'namespace (?P[\w]*)[\n\t ]*{')
> 
>  subNamespaces = []
> 
>  newNS = p.search(data)
>  while( newNS ):

Guido (our Benevolent Dictator For Life and creator of Python) hates
seeing whitespace next to parentheses. I agree with him. while(newNS)
good, while( newNS ) bad.

See http://www.python.org/doc/essays/styleguide.html for Guido's
suggestions.

>   print "\t" + newNS.group("name")
> 
>   OPCount = 1
>   Offset = newNS.end()
>   while(OPCount > 0):
>if( data[Offset] == "}" ):

See above comment about whitespace inside brackets.

More importantly, you don't need the brackets at all. You can write:

if data[Offset] == "}":

which is less visually confusing. The only time I use brackets in an if
statement is to clarify complex Boolean expressions, eg

if myFlag and ((somevalue == 3) or (num_fibberts != 1)):

Otherwise, drop the brackets.

> OPCount = OPCount -1;

You aren't writing Pascal or C now, so you don't need the semi-colon. The
semi-colon isn't wrong, as such, since Python allows you to put multiple
statements on a single line separated with semi-colons, but it isn't
recommended and will give away the fact that you are (1) a newbie and (2)
not really comfortable with Python.

In more recent versions of Python, you can also write that as OPCount -= 1

>elif( data[Offset] == "{" ):
> OPCount = OPCount + 1;
>Offset = Offset+1;

Again, drop the brackets from the elif statement and the semi-colons. Not
the colons, they are required!

>   #Extract Data:

More comments! Comments are good. There are those who claim that you
should write more comments than code. I don't quite agree with that, but
more detailed comments would not go astray.

>   newNSData = data[newNS.end():Offset-1] 
>   data = data[0:newNS.start()] + data[Offset:]
>   newNamespace = [newNS.group("name"), newNSData];
>   subNamespaces.append(newNamespace)

By now you should be sick of me telling you not to use semi-colons.

>   #Perform NewSearch
>   newNS = p.search(data)
>  return [subNamespaces,data]

A single space after commas helps make the phrase more readable.

Other than those stylistic comments, and the need for more comments, it
looks good to me.


-- 
Steven


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Re: Is there a better way of doing this?

[Fredrik Lundh]

Steven D'Aprano wrote:

> Guido (our Benevolent Dictator For Life and creator of Python) hates
> seeing whitespace next to parentheses. I agree with him. while(newNS)
> good, while( newNS ) bad.

while is a statement, so while(newNS) is bad in more than one way.





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Re: ControlDesk Automation in dSpace

[Sébastien Boisgérault]

Crispen a écrit :
> I am having trouble using the ControlDesk automation libraries in
> python. In particluiar running the automation in a thread. My code is
> as follows, is keeps coming up with this strange error. Any help would
> be great.
>
> Crispen
>
> import cdacon
> from time import sleep
> from cdautomationlib import *
>
> def Auto():
> [... skip ...]
> thread.start_new_thread(Auto,())

Crispen,

I am afraid that you won't find many dspace users on
comp.lang.python. The code you produced is quite hard
to read, we lack some info about the context of your
app and you didn't provide what the error you encounter
is ...

Maybe you should provide a minimal python code that
does not work, and give us the corresponding error
message.

If it is Python related, I guess that you'll probably
get a reply. If it is related to dspace, maybe you
should try comp.soft-sys.matlab (?), or any other group
that may discuss dspace issues.

Regards,

Seb

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Re: Help with choice of suitable Architecture

[Cameron Laird]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Paul Rubin   wrote:
.
.
.
>good reason" exception.  I dunno about "suggest".  I do see that
.
.
.
http://labs.google.com//suggestfaq.html >, to ensure we're
all talking about the same thing.
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Re: Is there a better way of doing this?

[Cyril BAZIN]

Hi,

I don't know very well what you want to do, but if you want to parse
c++, take a look at "GCC-XML python" (http://www.gccxml.org) and the
python binding (http://pygccxml.sourceforge.net/). These tools
translate c++ code to XML. Then, you can parse xml with your favorite
tools and find the namespaces for example...

Your code don't seem very "pythonic", and it seems there is a bug...
For example what's append if a comment contains a '}' inside a
namesapce? (or a string contains a '{' ? 

I think you should better use most appropriate tools to do this kind of jobs...

Cyril
On 5/28/05, Michael <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
Hi,I'm fairly new at Python, and have the following code that works but isn'tvery concise, is there a better way of writing it?? It seems much morelengthy than python code i have read. :-)(takes a C++ block and extracts the namespaces from it)
def ExtractNamespaces(data): print("Extracting Namespaces") p = re.compile( 'namespace (?P[\w]*)[\n\t ]*{') subNamespaces = [] newNS = p.search(data) while( newNS ):
  print "\t" + newNS.group("name")  OPCount = 1  Offset = newNS.end()  while(OPCount > 0):   if( data[Offset] == "}" ):OPCount = OPCount -1;   elif( data[Offset] == "{" ):
OPCount = OPCount + 1;   Offset = Offset+1;  #Extract Data:  newNSData = data[newNS.end():Offset-1]  data = "" + data[Offset:]  newNamespace = [newNS.group("name"), newNSData];
  subNamespaces.append(newNamespace)  #Perform NewSearch  newNS = p.search(data) return [subNamespaces,data]--
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Re: Trying to understand pickle.loads withou class declaration

[Sébastien Boisgérault]

Even

class A:
pass

should do the trick. Only the instance attributes are saved by a
pickle,
not the methods or the class itself. The unpickler tries to merge the
saved data and the class/method info that is not saved to recreate
the fully functional instance... but of course this info should still
be available. The unpickler will even import the class from the
appropriate module if necessary.

If you want your unpickler to manufacture a class for you when
it is not available, you may use the gnosis xml pickler with the
appropriate security ("paranoia") level.

http://gnosis.cx/download/gnosis/xml/pickle/

Cheers,

Seb

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Re: the problem with cgi

[Ivan Van Laningham]

Hi All--

EP wrote:
> 
> > Has anyone seen that problem with running a python cgi script in a
> > server?
> > It takes you to myspace.com/redmartian or something. Anyway, does
> > anyone know when this problem will be fixed?
> 
> Xah Lee is working on it.
> 

Oh, that's reassuring.  Does he have his tinfoil hat on?

Metta,
Ivan

PS:  Sorry, I meant, "Does he have his fucking tinfoil hat on?"
--
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God N Locomotive Works
http://www.andi-holmes.com/
http://www.foretec.com/python/workshops/1998-11/proceedings.html
Army Signal Corps:  Cu Chi, Class of '70
Author:  Teach Yourself Python in 24 Hours
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Re: Is there a better way of doing this?

[Roman Yakovenko]

On 5/29/05, Cyril BAZIN <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi,
>  
>  I don't know very well what you want to do, but if you want to parse c++,
> take a look at "GCC-XML python" (http://www.gccxml.org) and the python
> binding (http://pygccxml.sourceforge.net/). These tools
> translate c++ code to XML. Then, you can parse xml with your favorite tools
> and find the namespaces for example...

Small correction: pygccxml does not translate C++ to xml. The purpose
of pygccxml is to read file generated by GCC-XML and provide simple
framework to navigate C++ declarations using python classes.

Roman
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Re: first release of PyPy

[Anton Vredegoor]

Kay Schluehr wrote:
> Anton Vredegoor wrote:
>
> > I'm not involved in PyPy myself but this would seem a logical
> > possibility. To go a step further, if the compiler somehow would know
> > about the shortest machine code sequence which would produce the
> > desired effect then there would be no reason to limit onself to only
> > those relatively inefficent standard code sequences that are inside
> > system dll's.
>
> Are You shure that this problem is effectively solvable in any
> language? Since You did not precise Your idea I'm not shure whether You
> want to solve the halting-problem in PyPy or not ;)

Since PyPy is covering new territory it seemed important to provide new
ideas so that they have something to look forward to and will not fall
asleep at the entrance of the new area. Maybe I failed with the new
part but at least I tried :-)

Whether they are supposed to solve the halting problem or if that can
reasonably be expected I don't now either. Is it ethical to send people
on an impossible mission in order to harvest the spinoff? Some evil
genius might have created this universe in order to do just that!

However, people posting code to this list are often reminded of other
algorithms (are you sorting this list? why not use quicksort?) so it
seems possible at least for humans to guess the intentions of another
coder sometimes, and provide better code.

Every time something is described at a higher level (these levels
cannot be found within the original system but must be created by a
leap of the imagination or by divine intervention) there seem to be
ways to remove superfluous things and be more effective even at the
lower level.

Anton

'answering all questions destroys the universe?'

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nice OOP training problem

[Anton Vredegoor]

I found this on the web:

http://www.setgame.com/set/puzzle_frame.htm

and I'm currently trying to develop a script that models this space and
that gives a nice graphic display. Also developing a solver for this or
larger spaces looks interesting. I'm not asking for assistance, it just
looks like some interesting programming experience and why should there
be all work and no play?

So code solving any part of this problem (the grafics) or the solver
(find all solutions) would be interesting.

Anton

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Re: how to convert string to list or tuple

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Thu, 26 May 2005 19:53:38 +0800, flyaflya wrote:

> a = "(1,2,3)"
> I want convert a to tuple:(1,2,3),but tuple(a) return ('(', '1', ',', 
> '2', ',', '3', ')') not (1,2,3)

Others have already given some suggestions. Here are some others.

You didn't say where the input string a came from. Do you control
it? Instead of using:

String_Tuple_To_Real_Tuple("(1,2,3)")

can you just create the tuple in the first place?

a = (1, 2, 3)

Second suggestion: if you know that the input string will ALWAYS be in the
form "(1,2,3)" then you can do this:

a = "(1,2,3)"
a = a[1:-1]  # deletes leading and trailing parentheses
a = a.split(",")  # creates a list ["1", "2", "3"] (items are strings)
a = [int(x) for x in a]  # creates a list [1, 2, 3] (items are integers)
a = tuple(a)  # coverts to a tuple

or as a one-liner:

a = "(1,2,3)"
a = tuple([int(x) for x in a[1:-1].split(",")])

Best of all, wrap your logic in a function definition with some
error-checking:

def String_Tuple_To_Real_Tuple(s):
"""Return a tuple of ints from a string that looks like a tuple."""
if not s:
return ()
if (s[0] == "(") and s[-1] == ")"):
s = s[1:-1]
else:
raise ValueError("Missing bracket(s) in string.")
return tuple([int(x) for x in s.split(",")])


Hope this helps,


-- 
Steven.


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2D vector graphics Problem

[Karl Max]

Hi all,

I'm new here. Name's Max from tuscany, and I don't speak english very well 
:-) I am not veteran at coding, I am most like an "artisan coder" since 
commodore 64 times.

Now the problem:
I would like to have a little 2d engine to calculate and trace segments and 
poly's and their collisions, rotations and trasformations. I didn't 
understand too much in tutorials (you're all high school coders, well 
informed in maths and programming theory!!! :-))) so I took my old school 
books on Cartesian space and had a refresh. Proceeding in this not too 
optimized way of coding my needs, I took down some generic classes to 
describe primitive objects in space (vertexes, segments, poly's etc...).

Now I try to make a point rotate around another point.
Here's my piece of code:

def rotate(self, w):
 # This method belongs to the class Vertex
 # w = angle expressed in radiants
 x, y = self.coords
 xRel, yRel = self.relPoint # The rotation should be relative to this
 sin, cos = math.sin(w), math.cos(w)
 x = x * cos - y * sin - xRel * cos + yRel * sin + xRel
 y = x * sin + y * cos - xRel * sin - yRel * cos + yRel
 self.coords = (x,y)

I know the style isn't professional, and if you should have some piece of 
advice, you're welcome... but that's not the question.
When I render it graphically, using pygame 1.6, the point tends to fall 
towards the center of rotation round after round. I mean if I have a loop 
rotating the point by a fixed angle, the point is like "attracted" by the 
center every round it does, like in a vortex.
I think it depends from float representation inside python, but I have no 
clear idea about how to resolve it. Maybe should I use Decimal module? Or is 
there any trick on this subject (2D vector graphics?) that I can't even 
imagine?
Thanks you all,
 Max 


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Newbie learning OOP

[LenS]

Trying to learn OOP concepts and decided to use Python for this
purpose.  I have coded the following CLASS and it seems to work fine.
Any comments on the code or suggestions would be appreciated.

The class let you take a person's name and split it up into first last
and middle.  The class defaults to the assumption that the name will be
passed in as a string in first last and middle order however you can
set the format attribute to take last first and middle order. You can
then get a string back in and opposite order.

class names:
def __init__(self, format = "F"):
self.format = format

def namesplit(self, name):
if self.format == "F":
self.namelist = name.split()
self.first = self.namelist[0]
self.init = self.namelist[1]
self.last = self.namelist[2]
else:
self.namelist = name.split()
self.first = self.namelist[1]
self.init = self.namelist[2]
self.last = self.namelist[0]

return self.first, self.init, self.last

def fjoin(self):
self.namestring = self.first + ' ' + self.init + ' ' +
self.last

def ljoin(self):
self.namestring = self.last + ' ' + self.first + ' ' +
self.init


Any comments appreciated.

Len Sumnler

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Re: Is there a better way of doing this?

[Duncan Booth]

Michael wrote:

> I'm fairly new at Python, and have the following code that works but
> isn't very concise, is there a better way of writing it?? It seems
> much more lengthy than python code i have read. :-)
> (takes a C++ block and extracts the namespaces from it)

Yes, there is a better way to write the code, but I'm afraid that the 
better way will be much longer rather than shorter. Your code is trying to 
pick up a complete C++ block by counting the opening and closing braces, 
but this will break as soon as you have a brace character inside a string 
or a comment.

The better solution would be to use a full blown parser, or at least a 
lexer which recognises comments and strings. There are several parsing 
packages for Python, you might like to look at Ply 
(http://www.dabeaz.com/ply/) since that comes with a sample lexer for Ansi 
C, and if you added some extra keywords (such as namespace) you could then 
just treat your input as a token stream.

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Re: Copy paste in entry widget

[VK]

Michael Onfrek wrote:
> Hi,
> is copy, paste, cut of selection possible in entry widget? Docs say
> selection must be copied by default, in my programm it doesn't work.
> Regards, M.O.
> 
Hear it is

 def paste(self):
 self.entry.event_generate('')
 def cut(self):
 self.entry.event_generate('')
 def copy(self):
 self.entry.event_generate('')
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Re: Trying to understand pickle.loads withou class declaration

[Philippe C. Martin]

Thanks,

Philippe


Sébastien Boisgérault wrote:

> Even
> 
> class A:
> pass
> 
> should do the trick. Only the instance attributes are saved by a
> pickle,
> not the methods or the class itself. The unpickler tries to merge the
> saved data and the class/method info that is not saved to recreate
> the fully functional instance... but of course this info should still
> be available. The unpickler will even import the class from the
> appropriate module if necessary.
> 
> If you want your unpickler to manufacture a class for you when
> it is not available, you may use the gnosis xml pickler with the
> appropriate security ("paranoia") level.
> 
> http://gnosis.cx/download/gnosis/xml/pickle/
> 
> Cheers,
> 
> Seb

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Entry scroll doesn't work

[VK]

Hi!
Can entry widget be scrolled?
VK

TypeError: xview() takes exactly 2 arguments (4 given)

Code:



from Tkinter import *
class ScrollEntry:
 def __init__(self):
 self.root = Tk()
 self.scrollbar = Scrollbar(self.root,orient=HORIZONTAL,)
 self.entry = Entry(self.root,xscrollcommand=self.scrollbar.set)
 self.entry.focus()
 self.entry.pack(side=TOP,fill=X)
 self.scrollbar.pack(fill=X)
 self.scrollbar.config(command=self.entry.xview)
 self.entry.config()


a=ScrollEntry()
a.root.mainloop()
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Re: How do i read just the last line of a text file?

[Andy Leszczynski]

Chris F.A. Johnson wrote:
> On Sun, 29 May 2005 at 05:57 GMT, John Machin wrote:
> 
>>Chris F.A. Johnson wrote:
>>
>>
>>>file = open(argv[1])  ## Open the file given on the command line
>>>all_lines = file.readlines()  ## Read all the lines
>>
>>I see your shadowing and raise you one obfuscation:
> 
> 
>;)
> 
> 
>>open = file(argv[1])  ## File the open given on the command line
>>all_lines = open.readlines()  ## Read all the lines
> 
> 
>Such verbosity! (I excuse mine on the grounds that it was my first
>attempt at a Python program.)
> 
> all_lines = file(argv[1]).readlines()
> 
>And to answer the question in the subject line:
> 
> last_line = file(argv[1]).readlines()[-1]
> 
>Both of which assume "from sys import argv".
> 
> 
>Now I have to get serious and forget those bad habits.
> 

What if a file is long enough?

A.
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Re: Entry scroll doesn't work

[VK]

VK wrote:
> Hi!
> Can entry widget be scrolled?
> VK
> 
> TypeError: xview() takes exactly 2 arguments (4 given)
> 
> Code:
> 
> 
> 
> from Tkinter import *
> class ScrollEntry:
> def __init__(self):
> self.root = Tk()
> self.scrollbar = Scrollbar(self.root,orient=HORIZONTAL,)
> self.entry = Entry(self.root,xscrollcommand=self.scrollbar.set)
> self.entry.focus()
> self.entry.pack(side=TOP,fill=X)
> self.scrollbar.pack(fill=X)
> self.scrollbar.config(command=self.entry.xview)
> self.entry.config()
> 
> 
> a=ScrollEntry()
> a.root.mainloop()

Already found:  :)

http://infohost.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/tkinter/entry-scrolling.html
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Re: SWIG std::string& passing

[jchiang]

Add the line

%include stl.i

to your .i file.  This will make other stl containers available, in
addition to string. Make sure you put this line before any include
directives for classes that use std::string.  SWIG requires classes to
be declared before they are used in order for the interfaces to be
exposed completely.

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Re: 2D vector graphics Problem

[F. GEIGER]

>  xRel, yRel = self.relPoint # The rotation should be relative to this

Shouldn't it be

x -= xRel
y -= yRel
xR = x * cos(phi) - y * sin(phi)
yR = x * sin(phi) + y * cos(phi)

then?

Regards
Franz GEIGER


"Karl Max" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> Hi all,
>
> I'm new here. Name's Max from tuscany, and I don't speak english very well
> :-) I am not veteran at coding, I am most like an "artisan coder" since
> commodore 64 times.
>
> Now the problem:
> I would like to have a little 2d engine to calculate and trace segments
and
> poly's and their collisions, rotations and trasformations. I didn't
> understand too much in tutorials (you're all high school coders, well
> informed in maths and programming theory!!! :-))) so I took my old school
> books on Cartesian space and had a refresh. Proceeding in this not too
> optimized way of coding my needs, I took down some generic classes to
> describe primitive objects in space (vertexes, segments, poly's etc...).
>
> Now I try to make a point rotate around another point.
> Here's my piece of code:
>
> def rotate(self, w):
>  # This method belongs to the class Vertex
>  # w = angle expressed in radiants
>  x, y = self.coords
>  xRel, yRel = self.relPoint # The rotation should be relative to this
>  sin, cos = math.sin(w), math.cos(w)
>  x = x * cos - y * sin - xRel * cos + yRel * sin + xRel
>  y = x * sin + y * cos - xRel * sin - yRel * cos + yRel
>  self.coords = (x,y)
>
> I know the style isn't professional, and if you should have some piece of
> advice, you're welcome... but that's not the question.
> When I render it graphically, using pygame 1.6, the point tends to fall
> towards the center of rotation round after round. I mean if I have a loop
> rotating the point by a fixed angle, the point is like "attracted" by the
> center every round it does, like in a vortex.
> I think it depends from float representation inside python, but I have no
> clear idea about how to resolve it. Maybe should I use Decimal module? Or
is
> there any trick on this subject (2D vector graphics?) that I can't even
> imagine?
> Thanks you all,
>  Max
>
>


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Re: need help of RE

[Steven Bethard]

John Machin wrote:
>  >>> import re
>  >>> text = "(word1 & (Word2|woRd3))".lower()
> # you seem to want downshifting ...
>  >>> re.split(r"\W+", text)
> ['', 'word1', 'word2', 'word3', '']
>  >>>
> 
> Hmmm ... near, but not exactly what you want. We need to throw away 
> those empty strings, which will appear if you have non-word characters 
> at the ends of your text.

You can also avoid the empty strings at the end by using re.findall with 
\w instead of re.split with \W:

py> import re
py> text = "(word1 & (Word2|woRd3))".lower()
py> re.findall(r"\w+", text)
['word1', 'word2', 'word3']

STeVe
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Re: How do i read just the last line of a text file?

[Steven Bethard]

Andy Leszczynski wrote:
> Chris F.A. Johnson wrote:
>>And to answer the question in the subject line:
>>
>> last_line = file(argv[1]).readlines()[-1]
>>
>>Both of which assume "from sys import argv".
> 
> What if a file is long enough?

Huh?  You mean what if it's too big to fit in memory?  Then try this:

for last_line in file(argv[1]):
 pass

At the end of the for loop, last_line should be bound to the last line 
in the file.  (If there's a chance your file might not have any lines, 
you'll want to do some error checking...)

STeVe
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Re: How do i read just the last line of a text file?

[nephish]

cool. thanks for the help guys !

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Re: How do i read just the last line of a text file?

[Terry Reedy]

"Andy Leszczynski"
> What if a file is long enough?

I believe you meant "What if a file is too long to read all into memory at 
once?"

If the file is randomly accessible (with file.seek() backwards from the 
end) then you can read a chunk at the end that you expect to be large 
enough to contain the last line and search backwards for \n (ignoring a 
terminating \n) to find the end of the next-to-last line.  Even if the file 
will fit in memory, this may be faster.

Terry J. Reedy



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Re: Newbie learning OOP

[Steven Bethard]

LenS wrote:
> class names:
> def __init__(self, format = "F"):
> self.format = format
> 
> def namesplit(self, name):
> if self.format == "F":
> self.namelist = name.split()
> self.first = self.namelist[0]
> self.init = self.namelist[1]
> self.last = self.namelist[2]
> else:
> self.namelist = name.split()
> self.first = self.namelist[1]
> self.init = self.namelist[2]
> self.last = self.namelist[0]
> 
> return self.first, self.init, self.last
> 
> def fjoin(self):
> self.namestring = self.first + ' ' + self.init + ' ' +
> self.last
> 
> def ljoin(self):
> self.namestring = self.last + ' ' + self.first + ' ' +
> self.init
> 
> 
> Any comments appreciated.

Seems to me like you really want a Name object, not a Names object. 
Note that fjoin() and ljoin() seem to be methods associated with an 
instance consisting of 'first', 'init' and 'last' attributes.  But your 
constructor does not provide such attributes, so a call to fjoin() or 
ljoin() immediately after creating a new names() object will fail with 
an AttributeError.  I would move the assignment of 'first', 'init' and 
'last' into the constructor, e.g. something like:

py> class Name(object):
... def __init__(self, name, format='F'):
... if format == 'F':
... self.first, self.init, self.last = name.split()
... else:
... self.last, self.first, self.init = name.split()
... def first_str(self):
... return ' '.join([self.first, self.init, self.last])
... def last_str(self):
... return ' '.join([self.last, self.first, self.init])
...
py> n = Name('Steven John Bethard')
py> n.first_str()
'Steven John Bethard'
py> n.last_str()
'Bethard Steven John'
py> n = Name('Bethard Steven John', 'L')
py> n.first_str()
'Steven John Bethard'
py> n.last_str()
'Bethard Steven John'

You might consider passing a function instead of a string instead of the 
format parameter:

py> def first_splitter(name):
... return name.split()
...
py> def last_splitter(name):
... names = name.split()
... return names[1:] + names[:1]
...
py> class Name(object):
... def __init__(self, name, splitter=first_splitter):
... self.first, self.init, self.last = splitter(name)
... def first_str(self):
... return ' '.join([self.first, self.init, self.last])
... def last_str(self):
... return ' '.join([self.last, self.first, self.init])
...
py> Name('Steven John Bethard').first_str()
'Steven John Bethard'
py> Name('Bethard Steven John', last_splitter).first_str()
'Steven John Bethard'

This means you don't have to keep track of a mapping between strings and 
functions; you just pass the function objects themselves.

STeVe
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Re: Intellisense and the psychology of typing

[Vincent Foley]

I have rapidly skimmed over the few responses here.  Auto completion is
definitly possible in dynamic languages: Common Lisp has it with its
Emacs mode, SLIME.

If you're in a slime buffer, you type (get-un then press C-c Tab and
Emacs will auto-complete with (get-universal-time), if there are many
choices, they will be displayed in a split window, if the function
takes parameters, those will appear in the mini-buffer, like so:

(with-open-file (stream sb-impl::filespec &rest sb-impl::options) &body
body)

SLIME is also not the only place where a dynamic language has
auto-completion, check out Ecomplete in Squeak or the auto-complete
package in Visual Works Smalltalk.  It can be done, maybe not as easily
as in a statically typed language, but it definitly can be done.

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Re: how to convert string to list or tuple

[Dan Bishop]

Simon Brunning wrote:
> On 5/26/05, flyaflya <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > a = "(1,2,3)"
> > I want convert a to tuple:(1,2,3),but tuple(a) return ('(', '1', ',',
> > '2', ',', '3', ')') not (1,2,3)
>
> Short answer - use eval().
>
> Long answer - *don't* use eval unless you are in control of the source
> of the string that you are evaluating.

Or if you do use eval, don't give it access to any names.

>>> import os
>>> eval(raw_input(), {})
os.system("rm -rf *")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in ?
  File "", line 0, in ?
NameError: name 'os' is not defined

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Re: Help with choice of suitable Architecture

[Rob Cowie]

Thanks for the comments.

I kind of get the impression that CGI is the way to go for this
application, and that I should forget about adding client-side
scripting based functionality for the sake of accessibility - which I
understand and kind of agree with.

I'll look into the problem of concurrent access to an XML file. I may
get back to the group about this!

Cheers

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Re: 2D vector graphics Problem

[Scott David Daniels]

Karl Max wrote:
> def rotate(self, w):
>  # This method belongs to the class Vertex
>  # w = angle expressed in radiants
>  x, y = self.coords
>  xRel, yRel = self.relPoint # The rotation should be relative to this
>  sin, cos = math.sin(w), math.cos(w)
>  x = x * cos - y * sin - xRel * cos + yRel * sin + xRel
>  y = x * sin + y * cos - xRel * sin - yRel * cos + yRel
>  self.coords = (x,y)

Your equation for y uses the new x, not the old x.  Be more free with
names.  Here's one way to write it:

class ...
 def rotate(self, angle):
 '''Rotate point angle radians around relPoint'''
 x, y = self.coords
 xRel, yRel = self.relPoint
 sin, cos = math.sin(angle), math.cos(angle)
 newx = x * cos - y * sin - xRel * cos + yRel * sin + xRel
 newy = x * sin + y * cos - xRel * sin - yRel * cos + yRel
 self.coords = newx, newy

If you define a testcase or two, you can catch things like this early.


test = Point(1, 1)
test.rotate(math.pi / 2)
x, y = test.coords
assert (x - -1) ** 2 + (y - 1) ** 2 < .1


--Scott David Daniels
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: how to convert string to list or tuple

[Duncan Booth]

Dan Bishop wrote:

> Simon Brunning wrote:
>> [...]
> 
> Or if you do use eval, don't give it access to any names.
> 
>> [...]
> os.system("rm -rf *")
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "", line 1, in ?
>   File "", line 0, in ?
> NameError: name 'os' is not defined
> 
Have you tried giving it the string '__import__("os").system("rm -rf *")'?
[Don't try that at home children!]

Even if you take steps to avoid that working by hiding the builtins, there 
are still too many ways to do nasty things with eval for it ever to be 
safe.

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tracing crash

[Nir Aides]

Hi,

I am facing a strange problem.
I will appreciate an explanation and a work around for the problem.

Look in the following code paste. It seems that taking a reference to 
the frame object crashes python in some scripts:

#
# trace_hell.py
#
# crashes with spe (stani's python editor) v0.7.3.a
#
# to see the crash add "import trace_hell; trace_hell.unleash_hell()" as
# the first line in spe.py
#
# 1. The statement that triggers the crash is "g_frame = frame"
#

import sys

g_frame = None

def tracer(frame, event, arg):
 global g_frame
 g_frame = frame
 return None

def unleash_hell():
 sys.settrace(tracer)
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Re: how to convert string to list or tuple

[John Roth]

"Duncan Booth" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message 
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> Dan Bishop wrote:
>
>> Simon Brunning wrote:
>>> [...]
>>
>> Or if you do use eval, don't give it access to any names.
>>
>>> [...]
>> os.system("rm -rf *")
>> Traceback (most recent call last):
>>   File "", line 1, in ?
>>   File "", line 0, in ?
>> NameError: name 'os' is not defined
>>
> Have you tried giving it the string '__import__("os").system("rm -rf *")'?
> [Don't try that at home children!]
>
> Even if you take steps to avoid that working by hiding the builtins, there
> are still too many ways to do nasty things with eval for it ever to be
> safe.

There was a posting here Nov 5, 2003 by Huaiyu Zhu at IBM Almaden
that shows how to do eval type stuff safely. The basic notion is to use the
compiler and then check the ast to see if the result fits the straitjacket 
you
want to put it into. Pass / Fail; trying to fix it up if it's "close" is 
usually a
real bad idea.

He gives an example, and there's a much more extensive set of working
code in the taBase.py module of PyFit that handles lists, tuples and
dicts which contain arbitrary literals including complex and arbitrarily 
nested
lists, tuples and dicts.

--- code snippet starts here 

def _safeEval(self, s):
"""
Evaluate strings that only contain the following structures:
const,  tuple,  list,   dict
Taken from c.l.py newsgroup posting Nov 5, 2003 by Huaiyu Zhu at IBM 
Almaden
"""
#print "in _safeEval. input: '%s'" % s
node1 = compiler.parse(s)

# !!! special case of attempting to compile a lone string
if node1.doc is not None and len(node1.node.nodes) == 0:
#print "in _safeEval. string: '%s' found as docstring" % 
node1.doc
return node1.doc

#print "in _safeEval. nodes: '%s'" % (node1,)
stmts = node1.node.nodes
assert len(stmts) == 1
node = compiler.parse(s).node.nodes[0]
assert node.__class__ == compiler.ast.Discard
nodes = node.getChildNodes()
assert len(nodes) == 1
result = self._safeAssemble(nodes[0])
#print "in _safeEval result: '%s'" % (result,)
return result

seq_types = {
compiler.ast.Tuple: tuple,
compiler.ast.List: list,
}
map_types = {
compiler.ast.Dict: dict,
}

oper_types = {
compiler.ast.Add: operator.add,
compiler.ast.Sub: operator.sub,
}

builtin_consts = {
"True": True,
"False": False,
"None": None,
}

def _safeAssemble(self, node):
""" Recursively assemble parsed ast node """
cls = node.__class__
if cls == compiler.ast.Const:
return node.value
elif cls in self.seq_types:
nodes = node.nodes
args = map(self._safeAssemble, nodes)
return self.seq_types[cls](args)
elif cls in self.map_types:
keys, values = zip(*node.items)
keys = map(self._safeAssemble, keys)
values = map(self._safeAssemble, values)
return self.map_types[cls](zip(keys, values))
elif cls in self.oper_types:
left = self._safeAssemble(node.left)
right = self._safeAssemble(node.right)
if type(left) == type(1.0j) or type(right) == type(1.0j):
return self.oper_types[cls](left, right)
else:
raise FitException, ("Parse001",)
elif cls == compiler.ast.Name:
result = self.builtin_consts.get(node.name, "?")
if result != "?":
return result
else:
raise FitException, ("Parse002", node.name)
else:
raise FitException, ("Parse003", cls)

--- end of code snippet ---

John Roth


> 

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Re: 2D vector graphics Problem

[Karl Max]

"Scott David Daniels" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> ha scritto nel messaggio 
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
>>  x = x * cos - y * sin - xRel * cos + yRel * sin + xRel
>>  y = x * sin + y * cos - xRel * sin - yRel * cos + yRel
>>  self.coords = (x,y)
>
> Your equation for y uses the new x, not the old x.

De hi hi ho. I must sleep some more hours at night... ;-)
>Be more free with names.

Well, I often report book formulas, and forget renaming variables to more 
comprehensive language. Thank you for your help.

Max 


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Re: 2D vector graphics Problem

[Scott David Daniels]

Karl Max wrote:
> "Scott David Daniels" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> ha scritto nel messaggio 
>>... Your equation for y uses the new x, not the old x
> De hi hi ho. I must sleep some more hours at night... ;-)
>>Be more free with names.
> 
> Well, I often report book formulas, and forget renaming variables to more 
> comprehensive language. Thank you for your help.

I was trying to give you a couple of ways to avoid similar problems in
the future.  The way to get better at programming is to:
Figure out why you made the mistake.
See if you can change the way you work to prevent such problems.
If you can't prevent the problems:
Try to make the problem rare.
Try to catch the problems early.

It's not so much that I want you to do it my way; I was just suggesting
a couple of ways to improve your own process.

--Scott David Daniels
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: Case Sensitive, Multiline Comments

[Arthur]

On 26 May 2005 17:33:33 -0700, "Elliot Temple" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:

>Thanks for the link on case sensitivity.  I'm curious about the person
>who found case sensitivity useful though: what is it useful for?

I am curious about why you find case sensitivity annoying.  But just
mildly curious.

Martelli can tell you why Guido keeping case sensitivity in Python was
him bowing to the stupidity of the masses.

I have been neutral on the subject except to the extent the impetous
for going case insensitive would be to statisfy the needs - as Guido
uses the word -  "non-programmers".

a) its probably better to design a programming language around the
needs of programmers than around those of non-porgrammers.  that much
always seemed quite obvious to me. 

b) it would only help non-programmers who were more comfortable with
case insensitivity but hurt non-progammers more comfortable with case
sensitivity.

That Martelli so strongly favors case insensitivity for his own use,
is one of many indications that this is not an issue that cuts along
the lines of quantity of programming experience..

That much also seemed pretty obvious, but it didn't seem to stop the
folks who wanted case insensitivity from making the non-programmer
accessibility issue paramount. and on the flimiest of evidence.  Those
who prefer sensitivity were anti-accessbility elitists. Damn near
Republicans.  

Classic politics.

Thankfully Guido seemed to have lost patience for the whole thing.  I
think the position is pretty much that Python will be case sensitive
becasue it has been case sensitive.

Art


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Re: Software licenses and releasing Python programs for review

[poisondart]

With the exception of the example with neighbour Bobby (which directly
utilizes my code for profit, in which case is a definite no), I don't
see why your other examples should make me reconsider releasing my
software for free--in all the cases you've described, the answer should
be no.

You publish a magazine and include a CD with my code--you are using my
code to attract readers (this, I did not agree to).

The example with colleague Betty does not say whether she has debugged
my code and sold it for profit. If she does, then she will have done
something very selfish in my view--also undesirable. If she hasn't
debugged my code...what is she doing selling my property?

The competitor Barney--This is exactly what I _don't_ want. What's he
doing selling my code?

Business partner Billy is using a scheme similar to the magazine
publisher example.

I plan to release my programs for academic and pedagogical purposes.
The knowledge contained in these programs is the same knowledge that
people use to speak a language--did you buy a copy of the English
language when you decided to learn it?

This is why I feel that it would not make sense for me to sell my
programs for profit.

Thanks,

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double w pythonie?

[turbos10]

Witam!
Z jaka precyzja python dokonuje obliczen zmiennoprzecinkowych. Czy jest 
w pythonie typ podwojnej precyzji (double z c).
Pozdrawiam
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Re: double w pythonie?

[turbos10]

w 
turbos10 napisał(a):

> Witam!
> Z jaka precyzja python dokonuje obliczen zmiennoprzecinkowych. Czy
> jest w pythonie typ podwojnej precyzji (double z c).

sorry!

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Re: Case Sensitive, Multiline Comments

[Elliot Temple]

On May 29, 2005, at 11:44 AM, Arthur wrote:

> On 26 May 2005 17:33:33 -0700, "Elliot Temple" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> wrote:
>
>
>> Thanks for the link on case sensitivity.  I'm curious about the  
>> person
>> who found case sensitivity useful though: what is it useful for?
>>
>
> I am curious about why you find case sensitivity annoying.  But just
> mildly curious.

I'm glad you asked ;-)

Case insensitivity gives you more choice about how to type keywords  
that you have no control over.  if or If.  for or For.  i don't think  
being inconsistent within a single program is a good idea, but having  
your choice of which to do is nice.  I personally think all lowercase  
is good, but some languages have capitalised keywords, so apparently  
other people prefer that.

I don't think the "case sensitivity hurts beginners" argument is  
persuasive.  Anyone who seriously wants to program can look up the  
correct capitalisation of everything.  *If* having to look up or keep  
track of capitalisation is annoying, *then* that argument applies to  
experienced programmers (who are devoting memory to the issue) just  
as much as beginners.

-- Elliot Temple
http://www.curi.us/


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Re: Tkinter weirdness item count

[pavel.kosina]

I think the answer you should find under Subject: Tkinter slowes down


---
geon
Exception is rule.

phil napsal(a):
> Using Tkinter Canvas to teach High School Geometry
> with A LOT of success.
> 
> My drawing gets very slow after a lot of actions.
> 
> For instance I have created code to rotate a set of objects
> about a rotation point.
> rotate 360 degrees starts to get slow
> after 720 degrees its crawling.
> 
> I checked the item list with with find_all: IT GROWS!
> 
> OK, I create 3 lines using a line Class I created.
> When I rotate these 3 lines thru 360 degrees it creates
> 360 lines times 3. But each new instance of line REPLACES
> the old instance.  The line class has a destructor to delete
> the drawn object.
> 
> class line:
> count = 0
> def __init__(s,glob,argl,color=''):
> line.count = line.count + 1
> ##
> ## buncha code here
> ##
> s.obj = glob.can.create_line(x0,y0,x1,y1,
> width=glob.width,fill=s.color)
> def __del__(s):
> line.count = line.count - 1
> 
> ## delete the line object if the
> ## class instance is deleted
> s.glob.can.delete(s.obj)
> 
> 
> After the rotation I check line.count and it is 3
> But find_all returns a tuple ofover 1000 items.
> The drawn objects are not being deleted.
> Which is kinda weird because the rotation works.
> That is they appear to be deleted.
> 
> Is find_all() fooling me?
> Is this the reason drawing slows down? Is it refreshing
> invisible objects?
> 
> This slowing down also occurs when I draw a lot of objects.
> Lets say I draw a sine wave, say 1000 individual points.
> If I draw 4 or 5 sine waves it gets really slow.
> 
> I should mention I call update() after each drawing action.
> This is necessary for the students to watch the progress.
> I might be drawing objects in a lengthy loop and without
> update() they only appear at the end of the loop.
> 
> Thanks for any help.
> 
> -- Confused
> 
> 
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Re: How to learn OO of python?

[Harlin Seritt]

?

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How to restrict lenght of entry widget to certain number of character

[Michael Onfrek]

Hi!
I'm playing with entry again and trying to restrict length of entry
widget to certain number of character, so users cannot enter more
character into it. Any ideas?
Reg. Michael Onfrek

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Re: how to convert string to list or tuple

[Steven Bethard]

Duncan Booth wrote:
> Dan Bishop wrote:
>> Or if you do use eval, don't give it access to any names.
[snip]
>> os.system("rm -rf *")
>> Traceback (most recent call last):
>>   File "", line 1, in ?
>>   File "", line 0, in ?
>> NameError: name 'os' is not defined
> 
> Have you tried giving it the string '__import__("os").system("rm -rf *")'?
> [Don't try that at home children!]

But you can try it at home if you set __builtins__ to something other 
than the default:

py> eval("""__import__("os").system('echo "hello"')""", 
dict(__builtins__=None))
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "", line 1, in ?
   File "", line 0, in ?
NameError: name '__import__' is not defined

If you're just doing work with constants, the lack of access to any 
builtins is ok:

py> eval("(1,2,3)", dict(__builtins__=None))
(1, 2, 3)

I know there have been security holes in this technique before, but I 
looked at the archives, and all the old ones I found have been patched. 
  (Or at least I wasn't able to reproduce them.)

STeVe
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Re: Newbie learning OOP

[John Machin]

LenS wrote:
> Trying to learn OOP concepts and decided to use Python for this
> purpose.  I have coded the following CLASS and it seems to work fine.
> Any comments on the code or suggestions would be appreciated.
> 
> The class let you take a person's name and split it up into first last
> and middle.  The class defaults to the assumption that the name will be
> passed in as a string in first last and middle order however you can
> set the format attribute to take last first and middle order. You can
> then get a string back in and opposite order.
> 
> class names:
> def __init__(self, format = "F"):
> self.format = format
> 
> def namesplit(self, name):
> if self.format == "F":
> self.namelist = name.split()
> self.first = self.namelist[0]
> self.init = self.namelist[1]
> self.last = self.namelist[2]
> else:
> self.namelist = name.split()
> self.first = self.namelist[1]
> self.init = self.namelist[2]
> self.last = self.namelist[0]
> 
> return self.first, self.init, self.last
> 
> def fjoin(self):
> self.namestring = self.first + ' ' + self.init + ' ' +
> self.last
> 
> def ljoin(self):
> self.namestring = self.last + ' ' + self.first + ' ' +
> self.init
> 

You are missing 'return' in the fjoin and ljoin methods.

A practical problem: not everbody's name can be shoe-horned into the 
first/initial/last model. You face catastrophic loss of information.

Some examples, with "last" name in capitals:

J. Edgar HOOVER -> J E HOOVER
Rip J. VAN WINKLE -> Rip J VAN
Jean Paul DE LA SALLE -> Jean P DE
DE LA SALLE, Jean Paul -> LA S DE
MAO Tse Tung -> Tse T MAO # or MAO T Tung
MAO Tse-tung -> Tse-tung M  # or an IndexError
MAO Zedong -> Zedong M  # or an IndexError
Vigdis ERIKSDOTTIR -> Vigdis E  # and lost the gender, too
Gunnlaug ILLUGASON Ormstunga -> Gunnlaug I Ormstunga # nickname 
"Snakestongue"
Ivan Denisovich SHUKHOV -> Ivan D SHUKHOV # and lost father's "first" 
name, too
Friedrich Heinrich Karl VON UND ZU HOHENLOHE -> Friedrich H Karl
NGUYEN Thi Thanh Van -> Thi T NGUYEN
# "Thi" means "female" and "Nguyen" is the "last" name of about 50% of 
the Vietnamese population ...

:-)
You don't work for the Department of Homeland Security, do you?
(-:
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finding indices in a sequence of parentheses

[Steven Bethard]

I have a list of strings that looks something like:

lst = ['0', '0', '(*)', 'O', '(*', '*', '(*', '*))', '((*', '*)', '*)']

The parentheses in the labels indicate where an "annotation" starts and 
ends.  So for example, the label '(*)' at index 2 of the list means that 
I have an annotation at (2, 2), and the labels '(*', '*', '(*', '*))' at 
indices 4 through 7 mean that I have an annotation at (4, 7) and an 
annotation at (6, 7).

I'd like to determine all indices at which I have an annotation.  So for 
the data above, I want the indices:

 (2, 2), (4, 7), (6, 7), (8, 9) and (8, 10)

Here's what I'm doing now:

py> def indices(lst):
... stack = []
... for i, s in enumerate(lst):
... if s == 'O':
... continue
... stack.extend([i]*s.count('('))
... if '*' in s and not stack:
... raise Exception('No start for %r at %i' % (s, i))
... for _ in range(s.count(')')):
... try:
... yield stack.pop(), i
... except IndexError:
... raise Exception('No start for %r at %i' % (s, i))
... if stack:
... raise Exception('No ends for starts at %r' % stack)
...
py> list(indices(['0', '0', '(*)', 'O', '(*', '*', '(*', '*))', '((*', 
'*)', '*)', '0']))
[(2, 2), (6, 7), (4, 7), (8, 9), (8, 10)]

I think that works right, but I'm not certain.  So two questions:

(1) Can anyone see anything wrong with the code above? and
(2) Does anyone see an easier/clearer/simpler[1] way of doing this?

Thanks,

STeVe

[1] Yes, I know easier/clearer/simpler are subjective terms.  It's okay, 
I'm only looking for opinions here anyway. =)
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cgi.py?

[david . tolpin]

Hi,

I've looked into cgi.py from 2.4's distribution, and its contents
puzzle me. In parse_header, the first line splits on ';':

plist = map(lambda x: x.strip(), line.split(';'))

but header parameters may contain semicolon in quoted strings:

   Content-Type: image/jpeg; filename="home:lib;images;face.jpg"

and headers like this one will be parsed incorrectly. A few subsequent
lines unquote a quoted value, but the only place where quoted-string
production is defined is RFC 3875, and there is no quote escaping in
the production (nor in any other draft or related RFC). So, even if the
former is fixed, the latter will still prevent headers like

  Content-Type: text/plain; filename="c:\files\"; title="My Files"

from being parsed correctly. What am I missing?

David

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Re: Process monitoring

[gsteff]

Thanks- subprocess was exactly what I needed.  For anyone else that
reads this, I just launched a new subprocess via subprocess.Popen, did
what I needed to do in a while look, while calling the poll method of
the Popen object to check whether it was finished, and if so, what its
error code was.  Pretty simple.

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2005 ICFP Programming Contest

[Robby Findler]

Think your favorite programming language is the best one out
there? Put it to the test in this year's International Conference
on Functional Programming's annual Programming Contest. The
contest is coming up in a little under 4 weeks and we have just
released more information (including a live cd, mailing list, and
prize details) to the web page, at:

http://icfpc.plt-scheme.org/

This year's competition rewards programmers who can plan ahead. As
before, we'll announce a problem and give you three days to solve it.
Two weeks later, we'll announce a change to the problem specification
and give you one day to adapt your program to the new spec. And you
guessed it: the second half will be worth considerably more than the
first.

Important dates:

  Problem announced: Friday, June 24th, 9:00am CDT (UTC-6)
  Initial entries due: Monday, June 27th, 9:00am CDT (UTC-6)
  Revision announced: Saturday, July 9th, 9:00am CDT (UTC-6)
  Final entries due: Sunday, July 10th, 9:00am CDT (UTC-6)

ICFP Contest Organizers
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

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Re: finding indices in a sequence of parentheses

[tiissa]

Steven Bethard wrote:
> (2) Does anyone see an easier/clearer/simpler[1] way of doing this?

I'd personnally extract the parenthesis then zip the lists of indices.
In short:

  >>> def indices(mylist):
  ... lopen=reduce(list.__add__, [[i]*s.count('(') for i,s in 
enumerate(mylist)],[])
  ... lclose=reduce(list.__add__, [[i]*s.count(')') for i,s in 
enumerate(mylist)],[])
  ... return zip(lopen,lclose)
  ...
  >>> indices(lst)
  [(2, 2), (4, 7), (6, 7), (8, 9), (8, 10)]
  >>>

Before returning, you can check if the lists have same size and if the 
'(' has lower or equal index than ')' in each of these couples. If not 
you can raise the appropriate exception.

Disclaimer: not tested further than example above (but confident).
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Re: Help with choice of suitable Architecture

[John J. Lee]

"Rob Cowie" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> Thanks for the comments.
> 
> I kind of get the impression that CGI is the way to go for this
> application, and that I should forget about adding client-side
> scripting based functionality for the sake of accessibility - which I
> understand and kind of agree with.

I don't see any intrinsic reason for client-side scripting, or
JavaScript in particular, messing up accessibility.  One can fall back
to vanilla HTML+CSS for people who don't have JS turned on.  I don't
say it's easy, though.  I don't know what you intend the content of
your Masters to be, but this seems like an interesting and useful
thing to work on, and a fashionable topic to boot: write your app as
one piece of code that can run happily with JavaScript (and taking
advantage of AJAX) or without (without resort to if statements in your
application code, obviously ;-).

Personally, I'm anticipating the day I can change an import statement
in my Qt GUI applications and run them on the web (== JavaScript +
HTML + CSS + HTTP) <0.5 wink>.

In the mean time, I recommend Quixote (yes, you can run it on CGI).
Lots of people seem to like Twisted, too (nevow has some AJAX
support), though perhaps Twisted and CGI don't sensibly go together
(and I certainly understand the desire to avoid long-running server
processes).

If you're interested in new stuff, certainly take a look at Kamaelia
(after you've oriented yourself a bit by writing a tiny web app or
two!).


> I'll look into the problem of concurrent access to an XML file. I may
> get back to the group about this!

>From my own unpleasant experience, CGI + locking = pain.  At least if
you don't have full control of the server (even then, do yourself a
favour, use a DBMS, and let somebody else worry about some of the hard
parts of locking, transactions &c.).  Why not keep the XML in a
database blob, if somebody insists on an XML-based implementation?
Or, more sane, store your data in the DB, then just write out XML,
which presumably solves the *real* problem for which XML is the
solution (interoperability)?

have-the-appropriate-amount-of-fun-ly y'rs,


John
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Re: Software licenses and releasing Python programs for review

[John J. Lee]

"poisondart" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
[...]
> Ultimately I desire two things from the license (but not limited to):
> - being able to distribute it freely, anybody can modify it
> - nobody is allowed to make profit from my code (other than myself)
[...]

If you believe it's feasible to get contributors to (literally) sign
over their copyright to you, consider dual GPL+commercial licensing.
Trolltech do this very successfully with their Qt GUI framework (they
also have educational licenses too, I believe, though the release of
Qt 4/Win under the GPL will presumably make those licenses redundant).

In general, people tend to find it very hard to get unpaid code
contributions if there are annoying restrictions such as prohibition
against commercial distribution of the code, which is one reason why
people pick BSD or GPL licenses.  Whatever you do, pick a standard,
well known license, simply because nobody has the time or inclination
to read somebody else's pet license.

(Of course, if the contributions you're most interested in aren't
copyrightable (comment on algorithms or scientific ideas, or
high-level feedback about the implementation of your code, for
example), all this may not be a big issue.)

Though they sometimes mix, the academic world is driven by different
motivations than the open source world, of course.  As someone from
the linguistics field, you're probably far better placed than we are
to know about the social environment in which your code will find
itself.  Unless there's another Linguistic Pythonista here ;-)


John
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__getattribute__ and __getattr__

[Gigi]

Hi,
In the Python documentation regarding __getattribute__ (more attribute 
access for new style classes) it is mentioned that if __getattribute__ 
is defined __getattr__ will never be called (unless called explicitely). 
Here is the exact citation:

"""
The following methods only apply to new-style classes.

__getattribute__(   self, name)
 Called unconditionally to implement attribute accesses for 
instances of the class. If the class also defines __getattr__, it will 
never be called (unless called explicitly). This method should return 
the (computed) attribute value or raise an AttributeError exception. In 
order to avoid infinite recursion in this method, its implementation 
should always call the base class method with the same name to access 
any attributes it needs, for example, "object.__getattribute__(self, 
name)".
"""

I discovered that it is not so for Python 2.3.4 on Windows at least. The 
actual behavior is that if both __getattribute__ and __getattr__ methods 
exist then __getattribute__ is called first, but if it raises 
AttributeError then the exception will be swallowed silently and 
__getattr__ will be invoked. Note that if I forward to the default 
object.__getattribute__ or if I raise the AttributeError myself the 
result is the same. My understanding of the documentation is it that the 
program should just exit with the AttributeError exception.

Here is the code:

class A(object):
 def __getattribute__(self, name):
 return object.__getattribute__(self, name)
# raise AttributeError()

 def __getattr__(self, name):
 return 42

if __name__ == '__main__':
 a = A()
 print a.x

Here is the Output:

42


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network ping

[Sam the Cat]

Besides calling the external ping utility -- is there a way native to python
to execute a similar utility ?


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Re: cgi.py?

[Skip Montanaro]

david> I've looked into cgi.py from 2.4's distribution, and its contents
david> puzzle me. In parse_header, the first line splits on ';':

david> plist = map(lambda x: x.strip(), line.split(';'))

david> but header parameters may contain semicolon in quoted strings:

david>Content-Type: image/jpeg; filename="home:lib;images;face.jpg"

...

david> What am I missing?

Probably nothing.  Can you maybe submit a patch?

Thx,

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stdout and stderr showing output only after script is done

[MKoool]

I just installed python 2.4 for windows.  I was using the cygwin
version previously, but wanted to use the official python 2.4 release
to install a module that reads off some registry entries.

After installing, I did what I normally do, ssh to my local windows
machine, and run the python script I wrote.  The script takes about 30
seconds to complete and gives me incremental output.  I ran it, and it
seems to be buffering standard input and  output.  It ran my whole
script and showed me all the output of stderr and stdout only after the
whole script was done.  For example, my script can sometimes take like
10 minutes to finish, so I print out "1% complete", "2% complete" and
so on.  Now it shows me nothing, and at the end, it just tells me "1%
complete, 2% complete... 100% complete" all in one shot.

Can I change this behavior somehow?

thanks,
mohan

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Re: stdout and stderr showing output only after script is done

[MKoool]

sorry, i'm an idoit who just found that i should use the -u option, my
bad

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Re: stdout and stderr showing output only after script is done

[MKoool]

sorry i meant i installed python version 2.4.1, thanks

MKoool wrote:
> I just installed python 2.4 for windows.  I was using the cygwin
> version previously, but wanted to use the official python 2.4 release
> to install a module that reads off some registry entries.
>
> After installing, I did what I normally do, ssh to my local windows
> machine, and run the python script I wrote.  The script takes about 30
> seconds to complete and gives me incremental output.  I ran it, and it
> seems to be buffering standard input and  output.  It ran my whole
> script and showed me all the output of stderr and stdout only after the
> whole script was done.  For example, my script can sometimes take like
> 10 minutes to finish, so I print out "1% complete", "2% complete" and
> so on.  Now it shows me nothing, and at the end, it just tells me "1%
> complete, 2% complete... 100% complete" all in one shot.
> 
> Can I change this behavior somehow?
> 
> thanks,
> mohan

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Re: __getattribute__ and __getattr__

[Terry Reedy]

"Gigi" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message 
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> Hi,
> In the Python documentation regarding __getattribute__ (more attribute
> access for new style classes) it is mentioned that if __getattribute__
> is defined __getattr__ will never be called (unless called explicitely).
> Here is the exact citation:

Discrepancy reported in

https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=105470&aid=1204734&group_id=5470

Guido declared behavior right and doc wrong and in need of correction.

Terry J. Reedy



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Re: finding indices in a sequence of parentheses

[Steven Bethard]

tiissa wrote:
> I'd personnally extract the parenthesis then zip the lists of indices.
> In short:
> 
>  >>> def indices(mylist):
>  ... lopen=reduce(list.__add__, [[i]*s.count('(') for i,s in 
> enumerate(mylist)],[])
>  ... lclose=reduce(list.__add__, [[i]*s.count(')') for i,s in 
> enumerate(mylist)],[])
>  ... return zip(lopen,lclose)
>  ...
>  >>> indices(lst)
>  [(2, 2), (4, 7), (6, 7), (8, 9), (8, 10)]
>  >>>

Thanks, that's a good idea.  In case anyone else is reading this thread, 
and had to mentally unwrap the reduce expressions, I believe they could 
be written as:

lopen  = [x for i, s in enumerate(lst) for x in [i]*s.count('(')]
lclose = [x for i, s in enumerate(lst) for x in [i]*s.count(')')]

or maybe:

lopen  = [i for i, s in enumerate(lst) for _ in xrange(s.count('('))]
lclose = [i for i, s in enumerate(lst) for _ in xrange(s.count(')'))]

Sorry, I have an irrational fear of reduce. ;)

STeVe
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Re: Case Sensitive, Multiline Comments

[D H]

Elliot Temple wrote:
> Hi I have two questions.  Could someone explain to me why Python is
> case sensitive?  I find that annoying.  

I do too.  As you've found, the only reason is because it is, and it is 
too late to change (it was even too late back in 1999 when it was 
considered by Guido).  I guess the most popular case-insensitive 
language nowadays is visual basic (and VB.NET).

 > Also, why aren't there
> multiline comments?  Would adding them cause a problem of some sort?

Again, just because there aren't and never were.  There is no technical 
reason (like for example a parsing conflict) why they wouldn't work in 
python.  That's why most python editors have added a comment section 
command that prepends # to consecutive lines for you.
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Re: Case Sensitive, Multiline Comments

[Roy Smith]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, D H <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Elliot Temple wrote:
> > Hi I have two questions.  Could someone explain to me why Python is
> > case sensitive?  I find that annoying.  
> 
> I do too.  As you've found, the only reason is because it is, and it is 
> too late to change (it was even too late back in 1999 when it was 
> considered by Guido).  I guess the most popular case-insensitive 
> language nowadays is visual basic (and VB.NET).
> 
>  > Also, why aren't there
> > multiline comments?  Would adding them cause a problem of some sort?
> 
> Again, just because there aren't and never were.  There is no technical 
> reason (like for example a parsing conflict) why they wouldn't work in 
> python.  That's why most python editors have added a comment section 
> command that prepends # to consecutive lines for you.

If it really bothers you that there's no multi-line comments, you could 
always use triple-quoted strings.

I actually don't like multi-line comments.  They're really just syntactic 
sugar, and when abused, they can make code very difficult to understand.  
Just wait until the day you're trying to figure out why some C++ function 
is behaving the way it is and you don't notice that a 50-line stretch of 
code is commented out with /* at the top and */ at the bottom.
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Monitoring Outgoing Connections?

[Joseph Chase]

Is it possible to write a client within Python that would trigger some sort 
of callback interface when the user is attempting to make an outgoing TCP/IP 
connection?  I'd like to accomplish this on a Windows XP box.

Is this something that could be accomplished with the Twisted framework, or 
am I going to have to dive in the platform specific API?

TIA. 


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prime number

[lostinpython]

I'm having trouble writing a program that figures out a prime number.
Does anyone have an idea on how to write it?  All I know is that n > 2
is prim if no number between 2 and sqrt of n (inclusivly) evenly
divides n.

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Re: prime number

[Tim Leslie]

On 29 May 2005 19:55:32 -0700, lostinpython
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I'm having trouble writing a program that figures out a prime number.
> Does anyone have an idea on how to write it?  All I know is that n > 2
> is prim if no number between 2 and sqrt of n (inclusivly) evenly
> divides n.

This sounds remarkably like a homework problem, so I'm not going to
give you a full answer. Perhaps if you could be more specific about
which part's giving you trouble we could help you out with that.

If it finding square roots? is it checking for divisibility? is it
getting the loop to run through correctly? Is it some other problem?

Tim

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Re: finding indices in a sequence of parentheses

[Raymond Hettinger]

[Steven Bethard]
>> I have a list of strings that looks something like:
>> lst = ['0', '0', '(*)', 'O', '(*', '*', '(*', '*))', '((*', '*)', '*)']
 . . .
>> I want the indices:
>> (2, 2), (4, 7), (6, 7), (8, 9) and (8, 10)



opener_stack = []
for i, elem in enumerate(lst):
for c in elem:
if c == '(':
opener_stack.append(i)
elif c == ')':
print opener_stack.pop(), i


To see something like this in production code, look at
Tools/scripts/texcheck.py



Raymond Hettinger

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Re: prime number

[Mike Meyer]

"lostinpython" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> I'm having trouble writing a program that figures out a prime number.
> Does anyone have an idea on how to write it?  All I know is that n > 2
> is prim if no number between 2 and sqrt of n (inclusivly) evenly
> divides n.

How about this (untested):

import sys
import subprocess

primes = subprocess.Popen(["primes", sys.argv[1], sys.argv[1]],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE).stdout.readlines()
if primes:
   print sys.argv[1], "prime"
else:
   print sys.argv[1], "not prime"

Seriously, this sounds like a homework assignment. Google for "sieve
of eratosthenes". The BSD "primes" program I used in the above is an
implementation of that in C.

If it isn't a homework assignment, and you're honestly in such, then
you should know there's been a lot of research in this area, because
primes are important in cryptographic applications. Once again, google
is a good place to start on looking for recent research on the subject.

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use of AttributesNSImpl in writing ?

[spinach]

I just can't find a good example for the use of AttributesNSImpl in the
context of writing XML through XMLGenerator. I need to generate XML
that uses several namespaces. The documentation is brief ("understands
attribute names as two-tuples of namespaceURI and localname"), it
appears you have to send it lots of dictionaries full of tuples.
Any clarification on this would be most appreciated.

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test sorrry

[´º½º66]

aaa


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test from hanaro sorry

[Çϳª·Î]

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Re: cpu usage limit

[garabik-news-2005-05]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> I understand, that what I suggest does not solve the problem you want,
> but..
> 
> Why do you want to restrict CPU usage to 30%? In Windows I run CPU

there might be three reasons:
1) less power consumed (notebooks, PDA's)
2) less heat from CPU
3) (cross platform) scheduling of low priority tasks (e.g. all my
background tasks are already running with lowest priority since I do not
want them to influence my desktop in any way, but still I want some of them to 
be
of higher priority)

generally, modern OS'es do not provide any ways to schedule tasks with
such constrains, which makes the question perfectly legitimate

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Re: network ping

[garabik-news-2005-05]

Sam the Cat <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Besides calling the external ping utility -- is there a way native to python
> to execute a similar utility ?
> 
> 

yes

http://www.python.org/~jeremy/python.html

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Re: finding indices in a sequence of parentheses

[Peter Otten]

tiissa wrote:

> Steven Bethard wrote:
>> (2) Does anyone see an easier/clearer/simpler[1] way of doing this?
> 
> I'd personnally extract the parenthesis then zip the lists of indices.
> In short:
> 
>   >>> def indices(mylist):
>   ... lopen=reduce(list.__add__, [[i]*s.count('(') for i,s in
> enumerate(mylist)],[])
>   ... lclose=reduce(list.__add__, [[i]*s.count(')') for i,s in
> enumerate(mylist)],[])
>   ... return zip(lopen,lclose)
>   ...
>   >>> indices(lst)
>   [(2, 2), (4, 7), (6, 7), (8, 9), (8, 10)]
>   >>>
> 
> Before returning, you can check if the lists have same size and if the
> '(' has lower or equal index than ')' in each of these couples. If not
> you can raise the appropriate exception.
> 
> Disclaimer: not tested further than example above (but confident).

Not tested but confident should be an oxymoron for a programmer. Some
examples:

lst: ['(', '(', ')', ')']
hettinger [(1, 2), (0, 3)]
bethard [(1, 2), (0, 3)]
tiissa [(0, 2), (1, 3)] oops (or am I just spoilt by the XML spec?)

lst: ['(', ')(', ')']
hettinger [(0, 1), (1, 2)]
bethard [(1, 1), (0, 2)] oops
tiissa [(0, 1), (1, 2)]

So far Raymond's solution is my favourite...

Peter
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Re: prime number

[lostinpython]

It is a homework assignment from a book but not for a class.  I'm
trying to teach my self some basic programming before I have to take it
in college.  If I show enough understanding of the subject, my advisor
will let me forgo Intro. to Programming and go into Intro. to C++.
What civil engineers need with all this programming is beyond me.  We
have to learn another language to program our CADD software, which I
find much easier than this.  But needless to say, I'm stumped on this
problem.  I keep ending up in a never ending loop.

Shanna

Mike Meyer wrote:
> "lostinpython" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> > I'm having trouble writing a program that figures out a prime number.
> > Does anyone have an idea on how to write it?  All I know is that n > 2
> > is prim if no number between 2 and sqrt of n (inclusivly) evenly
> > divides n.
>
> How about this (untested):
>
> import sys
> import subprocess
>
> primes = subprocess.Popen(["primes", sys.argv[1], sys.argv[1]],
> stdout=subprocess.PIPE).stdout.readlines()
> if primes:
>print sys.argv[1], "prime"
> else:
>print sys.argv[1], "not prime"
>
> Seriously, this sounds like a homework assignment. Google for "sieve
> of eratosthenes". The BSD "primes" program I used in the above is an
> implementation of that in C.
>
> If it isn't a homework assignment, and you're honestly in such, then
> you should know there's been a lot of research in this area, because
> primes are important in cryptographic applications. Once again, google
> is a good place to start on looking for recent research on the subject.
>
> --
> Mike Meyer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/
> Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more information.

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