The Size/Speed Paradox

2000-04-15 Thread Shlomi Fish


This is slightly off-topic but I thought it may be of interest to the
list.

I wrote a program that automatically solves Freecell games. For those 
who are not familiar with it, Freecell is a card game, in which there
are several stacks which should be moved to the decks with the aid of
freecells, which are cells that can hold one card each.

In any case, the program operates by keeping record of the states for
which it checked whether they are solveable, so if the same state is
reached twice, it will only be checked once. (and thus also, it makes
sure there are no infinite loops). I wrote two versions of the program,
one which uses states where the representitive integers have widthes of
ints and shorts. And the second the integers are chars, and semi-chars.
(I use shifts and bit masks to get the card deck and card number).

I noticed that the program that uses the chars representation runs much
faster than the int/short based program. For 100 given initial boards,
it finished them in 11 minutes and 12 seconds. The wider program took
more than 19 minutes when it was terminated in the middle of board No.
62, which is a complex board that takes 42,940 checked states to
solution.

The question is why the wide-integer based program is slower because
obviously my Pentium 166 MHz processor takes less time for 32-bit or
16-bit integer computations and memory access than for 8-bit
ones. My best guess so far is that the majority of the time is spent
storing and searching for states, and because the char storage occupies
less space, that it is considerably faster.

What do you think?

You can download Freecell Solver and take a look at the source code
from the following URL:

http://t2.technion.ac.il/~shlomif/fcs/

This is not going to be its permanent homepage, but I resorted to
putting it there because vipe.technion.ac.il has a momentary problem of
hosting the users' homepages.


I discovered a few other insights while working on Freecell Solver. For
instance, I realized that one should not use qsort to insert a sort
margin into a sorted array, because it's quite slow. Instead, a
binary-search based merging function should be used.

Another curious thing is that the program runs differently on Windows
NT than it does on i386 Linux and SPARC Solaris. On IRIX 64-bit it runs
differnetly than both of the above. I still don't know what's the cause
of this behaviour but I'm investigating it.


Best regards,

Shlomi Fish



--
Shlomi Fish[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
Home Page: http://t2.technion.ac.il/~shlomif/
Home E-mail:   [EMAIL PROTECTED]

The prefix "God Said" has the extraordinary logical property of 
converting any statement that follows it into a true one.


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Re: The Size/Speed Paradox

2000-04-15 Thread crisk

On Sat, 15 Apr 2000, Shlomi Fish wrote:

> The question is why the wide-integer based program is slower because
> obviously my Pentium 166 MHz processor takes less time for 32-bit or
> 16-bit integer computations and memory access than for 8-bit
> ones. My best guess so far is that the majority of the time is spent
> storing and searching for states, and because the char storage occupies
> less space, that it is considerably faster.

The Pentium's cache is 8 bits wide (IIRC)... does everything make
sense now? ;) 

-- crisk
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|_.-`---^-._
 
The biggest lies: 
 11. I never inhaled.



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Re: Xkb hebrew mappings

2000-04-15 Thread Shaul Karl

Beside the man pages where can I find info on the xkb*? 
In particular, is there any tutorial on these tools?
What about an explanation about the syntax of the config files?


> --jRHKVT23PllUwdXP
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
> 
> First of all, here's an proper (X-compilant?) xkb mappings
> where characters are represented in real X "semi-unicode"
> values, rather than 
> 
> This would make Netscape (and probalby other X apps)
> not accept those as characters at all (try running "xev" to
> see what I mean) unless they have a LOCALE which will has
> a character map to translate those into regular ASCII.
> (an X-to-ISO8859-8 table)
> 
> The mapping was stripped of the:
> 1. include "en"
>A hebrew mapping should not impose an english mapping (Xkb group)
>too. If you want English, just use:
>
>XkbSymbols  "us(pc104)+he ...
> 
> 2. Mode locking keys
>Those should also belong to a separate symbol file, group.
>I have updated the group file to support MSWin-style
>switching (R/L Alt-Shift)
> 
>XkbSymbols  "us(pc104)+he+shift(shift_alt_toggle)"
>   
> -- 
> Best regards,
> Ilya Konstantinov a.k.a Toastie
> [http://toast.demon.co.il]
> 
> eGroups eLerts
> It's Easy. It's Fun. Best of All, it's Free!
> http://click.egroups.com/1/3079/5/_/284445/_/955798222/
> 
> 
> To Post a message, send it to:   [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> 
> To Unsubscribe, send a blank message to: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> 
> --jRHKVT23PllUwdXP
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
> Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=he
> 
> // Layout based on the XConsortium: us (US/ASCII) layout.
> 
> partial default alphanumeric_keys
> xkb_symbols "basic" {
> 
> name[Group1]= "Hebrew";
> key  {  [ q,Q   ],  
>   [   slash, Q]   };
> key  {  [ w,W   ],  
>   [   quoteright,  W  ]   };
> key  {  [ e,E   ],  
>   [   hebrew_qoph,E   ]   };
> key  {  [ r,R   ],  
>   [   hebrew_resh,R   ]   };
> key  {  [ t,T   ],  
>   [   hebrew_aleph,   T   ]   };
> key  {  [ y,Y   ],  
>   [   hebrew_tet, Y   ]   };
> key  {  [ u,U   ],  
>   [   hebrew_waw, U   ]   };
> key  {  [ i,I   ],  
>   [   hebrew_finalnun,I   ]   };
> key  {  [ o,O   ],  
>   [   hebrew_finalmem,O   ]   };
> key  {  [ p,P   ],  
>   [   hebrew_pe,  P   ]   };
> key  {  [ a,A   ],  
>   [   hebrew_shin,A   ]   };
> key  {  [ s,S   ],  
>   [   hebrew_dalet,   S   ]   };
> key  {  [ d,D   ],  
>   [   hebrew_gimel,   D   ]   };
> key  {  [ f,F   ],  
>   [   hebrew_kaph,F   ]   };
> key  {  [ g,G   ],  
>   [   hebrew_ayin,G   ]   };
> key  {  [ h,H   ],  
>   [   hebrew_yod, H   ]   };
> key  {  [ j,J   ],  
>   [   hebrew_chet,J   ]   };
> key  {  [ k,K   ],  
>   [   hebrew_lamed,   K   ]   };
> key  {  [ l,L   ],  
>   [   hebrew_finalkaph,   L   ]   };
> key  {  [ semicolon,colon   ],  
>   [   hebrew_finalpe, colon   ]   };
> key  {  [ quoteright,   quotedbl],  
>   [   comma,  quotedbl]   };
> 
> key  {  [ z,Z   ],  
>   [   hebrew_zain,Z   ]   };
> key  {  [ x,X   ],  
>   [   hebrew_samech,  X   ]   

Re: Hebrew Workshop Summary

2000-04-15 Thread Shaul Karl

> Shalom.
> 
>   ... 
> 
> Therefore it is of the highest priority to package the LD_PRELOAD hack for
> Dov's gtkbiditext widget, which allows using logical Hebrew in most GTK
> applications. The following people volunteered for the taskforce that will
> handle this: Ilya, Shaul, Tzafrir, Yonni, Adi.
> 

Package the LD_PRELOAD hack for LD_PRELOAD hack for Dov's gtkbiditext widget?


Didn't Dov created a lib of his own? Why we need the LD_PRELOAD for in the first 
place? Is there a problem with putting Dov's lib in the usual places?


Let me present a study case: 
The case of the dante-clients (socksify) package.
The problem: For machines behind a firewall there might be a need to wrap the 
networking-related system calls for some programs (like ftp).

Follows is what this package has to say about replacing one lib with another 
(README.usage) and then its solution to the LD_PRELOAD problem (README.socksify + 
$(which socksify)).

[22:02:06 dante-client]$ cat README.usage 
$Id: README.usage,v 1.5 1999/12/22 09:29:17 karls Exp $

The socks package can be used in two ways.

Dynamically

The simplest way to add socks support to an already
(dynamically) complied application is to use the LD_PRELOAD facility
to replace the standard library functions with socksified ones.  The
libdsocksd library is provided for this purpose.  See the
README.socksify file for more information.  This will probably only
work with non-setuid applications since LD_PRELOAD is usually ignored
otherwise.  If setting LD_PRELOAD is not possible, compilation is
another possibility.

If the application can be compiled dynamically socks support
can be added explicitly by linking with libdsocksd (usually done by adding
'-ldsocksd').  This will automagically give the application socks
support without making any code changes.

Static Compilation

If the source code for an application is available it can be
changed to use socks, even if it is not linked dynamically.
Several systemcalls must be changed to use the socksified versions
instead of the standard ones.  The application is then linked with
the libsocksd library in the distribution (-lsocksd, not -ldsocksd).

These system calls can be found in the socks library:

Rconnect
Rbind 
Rgetsockname
Rgetpeername
Raccept
Rrresvport
Rbindresvport
Rgethostbyname
Rgethostbyname2
Rsendto
Rrecvfrom
Rrecvfrom
Rwrite
Rwritev
Rsend
Rsendmsg
Rread
Rreadv
Rrecv
Rrecvmsg

These calls currently does nothing and are only provided for
compatibility with programs which use them.

Rlisten
Rselect
SOCKSinit

The source can either be modified directly, or by using defines to
change the source during compilation.

Either add this line to the command line:

-Dconnect=Rconnect -Dbind=Rbind -Dgetsockname=Rgetsockname -Dgetpeername=Rgetpeername 
-Daccept=Raccept -Drresvport=Rrresvport -Dbindresvport=Rbindresvport 
-Dgethostbyname=Rgethostbyname -Dgethostbyname2=Rgethostbyname2 -Dsendto=Rsendto 
-Drecvfrom=Rrecvfrom -Drecvfrom=Rrecvfrom -Dwrite=Rwrite -Dwritev=Rwritev -Dsend=Rsend 
-Dsendmsg=Rsendmsg -Dread=Rread -Dreadv=Rreadv -Drecv=Rrecv -Drecvmsg=Rrecvmsg

or add "#include " to all relevant source files.

Libraries

In total there are three libraries distributed with this package:

 libsocksd.so  - standard shared library, contains Rfoo type functions.

 libsocksd.a   - static version of the above.

 libdsocksd.so - shared library which does socksification through the
runtime linker.  Contains wrappers for standard I/O
calls.
[22:02:13 dante-client]$ 

[21:36:44 dante-client]$ cat README.socksify 
$Id: README.socksify,v 1.4 1999/04/26 13:52:33 michaels Exp $

The shell script socksify in the bin directory is meant to aid in
using socks with already compiled dynamic binaries.  This works by
setting the LD_PRELOAD environment variable to libdsocksd.  It will
then wrap all networking-related system calls.

When used the script can socksify a program by simply giving it as a
parameter to socksify:

socksify ftp

A more permanent solution would be to add the LD_PRELOAD environment
value to the shell startup files.  Then all non-set[ug]id applications
that are linked dynamically would be socksified.
[21:37:01 dante-client]$ 

[21:37:45 /tmp]$ cat $(which socksify)
#!/bin/sh -
#
# Copyright (c) 1997, 1998
#  Inferno Nettverk A/S, Norway.  All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
# 1. The above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
#disclaimer must appear in all copies of the software, derivative works
#or modified versions, and any portions thereof, aswell as in all
#supporting documentation.
# 2. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
#must display the following acknowledgement:
#  This product includes software developed by
#  Inferno 

Re: [iglu] Re: Hebrew Workshop Summary

2000-04-15 Thread Roi Hadar

Shalom.

On Sat, Apr 15, 2000 at 10:11:13PM +0300, Shaul Karl wrote:
> > 
> > Therefore it is of the highest priority to package the LD_PRELOAD hack for
> > Dov's gtkbiditext widget, which allows using logical Hebrew in most GTK
> > applications. The following people volunteered for the taskforce that will
> > handle this: Ilya, Shaul, Tzafrir, Yonni, Adi.
> > 
> 
> Package the LD_PRELOAD hack for LD_PRELOAD hack for Dov's gtkbiditext widget?
> 
> 
> Didn't Dov created a lib of his own? Why we need the LD_PRELOAD for in the
> first place? Is there a problem with putting Dov's lib in the usual
> places?
> 

Dov's gtkbiditext is a replacement to GTK's gtktext widget. You use the
LD_PRELOAD hack so that applications which normally use the regular gtktext
would use instead gtkbiditext and thus support bidirectionality.

-- 
Lehitraot, Roi.

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Re: The Size/Speed Paradox

2000-04-15 Thread Daniel Feiglin

Well, I was curious enough to click on your source code site and here is wahat I
got:

Forbidden

You don't have permission to access /~shlomif/fcs/ on this server.

Ho hum.

Dan Feiglin

Shlomi Fish wrote:

> This is slightly off-topic but I thought it may be of interest to the
> list.
>
> I wrote a program that automatically solves Freecell games. For those
> who are not familiar with it, Freecell is a card game, in which there
> are several stacks which should be moved to the decks with the aid of
> freecells, which are cells that can hold one card each.
>
> In any case, the program operates by keeping record of the states for
> which it checked whether they are solveable, so if the same state is
> reached twice, it will only be checked once. (and thus also, it makes
> sure there are no infinite loops). I wrote two versions of the program,
> one which uses states where the representitive integers have widthes of
> ints and shorts. And the second the integers are chars, and semi-chars.
> (I use shifts and bit masks to get the card deck and card number).
>
> I noticed that the program that uses the chars representation runs much
> faster than the int/short based program. For 100 given initial boards,
> it finished them in 11 minutes and 12 seconds. The wider program took
> more than 19 minutes when it was terminated in the middle of board No.
> 62, which is a complex board that takes 42,940 checked states to
> solution.
>
> The question is why the wide-integer based program is slower because
> obviously my Pentium 166 MHz processor takes less time for 32-bit or
> 16-bit integer computations and memory access than for 8-bit
> ones. My best guess so far is that the majority of the time is spent
> storing and searching for states, and because the char storage occupies
> less space, that it is considerably faster.
>
> What do you think?
>
> You can download Freecell Solver and take a look at the source code
> from the following URL:
>
> http://t2.technion.ac.il/~shlomif/fcs/
>
> This is not going to be its permanent homepage, but I resorted to
> putting it there because vipe.technion.ac.il has a momentary problem of
> hosting the users' homepages.
>
> I discovered a few other insights while working on Freecell Solver. For
> instance, I realized that one should not use qsort to insert a sort
> margin into a sorted array, because it's quite slow. Instead, a
> binary-search based merging function should be used.
>
> Another curious thing is that the program runs differently on Windows
> NT than it does on i386 Linux and SPARC Solaris. On IRIX 64-bit it runs
> differnetly than both of the above. I still don't know what's the cause
> of this behaviour but I'm investigating it.
>
> Best regards,
>
> Shlomi Fish
>
> --
> Shlomi Fish[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> Home Page: http://t2.technion.ac.il/~shlomif/
> Home E-mail:   [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
> The prefix "God Said" has the extraordinary logical property of
> converting any statement that follows it into a true one.
>
> =
> To unsubscribe, send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with
> the word "unsubscribe" in the message body, e.g., run the command
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email;internet:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
title:CC & BW
note:cc: to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
x-mozilla-cpt:;-7424
fn:Daniel Feiglin
end:vcard



Re: Should I ask Sivan Toledo for a classr oomon Thursday, May 4th?

2000-04-15 Thread chen

On Fri, Apr 14, 2000 at 07:09:08PM +0200, Moshe Zadka wrote:
> 
> 
> 
> > And btw, I think its too easy to fake at the poll. Check the IP or
> > something...
> 
> Please don't give half-baked suggestion for pseudo-security.
> 
> > Or make that each one of the voters will have to enter his email, and
> > check it with the list of subscribed people.
> 
> Ditto
> 
> Any secure system is too big a burden on people. If someone really feels
> he should vote 10 times so I'll talk about something else...well, it seems
> unlikely. Anyhow, how about some good ol' RMS-like trust in people?

Actually - right now I log IP's.
I checked my logs and yes, many sequential voted from the same IP.
We can do few things:
1) place an IP limit - only one vote from same IP per hour. This way it'll hurt
less people going through same proxy/firewall and it should make vote faking
less fun.
2) we can also assume that if someone voted 15 times for meeting at friday he
must really care about this issue and therefore we should count his opinion 15
times
3) we can just be grown-ups and stop faking votes. 

Thanks,
Chen.

--
Chen ShapiraWeb Developer and Linux Activist
The first 90% of the code accounts for the first 90% of the development time.
The remaining 10% of the code accounts for the other 90% of the development
time. 

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Re: Should I ask Sivan Toledo for a classroomon Thursday, May 4th?

2000-04-15 Thread chen

On Fri, Apr 14, 2000 at 11:32:27PM +0300, David Tabachnikov (NetHunter) wrote:
> 
> 
> Trust in people? there are 25 for thursday, and 29 for friday last time
> I checked. Last time I checked, there was less then 60 members in IGLU,
> and I bet not everybody voted already.
> 

Linux-il is 500 people.
www.linux.org.il gets more than 100 visitors a day.
all of them are allowed to vote.
What is the problem?

The large count of votes (out of which only 7 are repetitive IPs) show the
improtance of the issue, and how voting through our website is better than
going to egroups.

--
Chen ShapiraWeb Developer and Linux Activist
The first 90% of the code accounts for the first 90% of the development time.
The remaining 10% of the code accounts for the other 90% of the development
time. 

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Re: console ftp client

2000-04-15 Thread Yaron Zabary

On Fri, 14 Apr 2000, Ben-Nes Michael wrote:

> Hi
> 
> What is the best ftp client for console ?
> (need time wait before trying to reconnect & retry connect if connection
> cut in the middle)

  There is an automounter map which lets you access anon-ftp as part of
your file system (just like /net or /hosts for NFS). 

> 
> --
> --
> Canaan Surfing Ltd.
> Internet Service Providers
> Ben-Nes Michael - Manager
> Tel: 972-6-6925757
> Fax: 972-6-6925858
> http://www.canaan.co.il
> --
> 
> 
> 
> =
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> 
> 


-- Yaron.


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RAS

2000-04-15 Thread Pavel Bibergal

hi all
I want to estabilish TCP/IP connection between 2 machines.. the client
has unknow OS (it can be or linux with ppp dialer or muztdie with dial
up)
and the server is mine machine with mandrake 7 (installed for normail
use, not as server)
now i want client to phone (modem) call my modem. and estabilish TCP/IP
connection just between our boxes.. (wanna give him some files)
how do i do it?
thanx
Pavel


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Re: Should I ask Sivan Toledo for a classr oomon Thursday, May 4th?

2000-04-15 Thread Ury Segal

It is not fair; we have many employees who want to
come, and we all use one IP !


> 1) place an IP limit - only one vote from same IP per hour. This way it'll
hurt
> less people going through same proxy/firewall and it should make vote
faking
> less fun.
> 2) we can also assume that if someone voted 15 times for meeting at friday
he
> must really care about this issue and therefore we should count his
opinion 15
> times
> 3) we can just be grown-ups and stop faking votes.
>
> Thanks,
> Chen.
>
> --
> Chen Shapira Web Developer and Linux Activist
> The first 90% of the code accounts for the first 90% of the development
time.
> The remaining 10% of the code accounts for the other 90% of the
development
> time.
>
> =
> To unsubscribe, send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with
> the word "unsubscribe" in the message body, e.g., run the command
> echo unsubscribe | mail [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>


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Re: Should I ask Sivan Toledo for a classroomon Thursday, May 4th?

2000-04-15 Thread Moshe Zadka

On Sun, 16 Apr 2000, Ury Segal wrote:

> It is not fair; we have many employees who want to
> come, and we all use one IP !

Exactly why I said we should all act (and believe all are acting as)
adults. BTW, I have not yet received any feedback on topics, except some
informal requests from Stav. Does nobody have preferences?

How detailed should I be? Should it be more about the philosophy, or
should it make you into Gtk+/GNOME developers?




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lecture topics (was: Re: Should I ask Sivan Toledo for a classr oomon Thursday, May 4th?)

2000-04-15 Thread guy keren

On Sun, 16 Apr 2000, Moshe Zadka wrote:

> BTW, I have not yet received any feedback on topics, except some
> informal requests from Stav. Does nobody have preferences?
> 
> How detailed should I be? Should it be more about the philosophy, or
> should it make you into Gtk+/GNOME developers?

you may safely assume that in 2 hours, no one will turn into a Gtk+ or
gnome developer. 

now, a general problem is people having different background. some have
never programmed under any windowing environment. some have done that
under various environments.  thus, you should first choose which of the
two groups you are addressing this lecture to. maybe you should start a
poll about that aspect? :)   (Marsy - pass on the valets...)

another question is whether you intend for this to be a multi-lectures
series, or a one lecture only  (Marsy - pass on the valets...).

my own suggestion would be to start up with a single lecture, more or less
in the format you've wrote about in one of your previous postings, and
with a set of links to related documentation in the final slide. then,
place the slides on linux.org.il's web site. in the future, if there will
be demand, you may want to create a lecture series about this topic. noet
that if a lecture series "takes over" several month of club meetings, this
is perhaps a problem. in that case , the meetings could be done on a
bi-weekly basis, interleaving the gtk+/gnome lectures with other lectures.

guy

"For world domination - press 1,
 or dial 0, and please hold, for the creator." -- nob o. dy


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Re: lecture topics (was: Re: Should I ask Sivan Toledo for a classr oomon Thursday, May 4th?)

2000-04-15 Thread Moshe Zadka

On Sun, 16 Apr 2000, guy keren wrote:

> you may safely assume that in 2 hours, no one will turn into a Gtk+ or
> gnome developer. 

Hmm.I've turned into a Gtk+/GNOME developer in 2 hours...
(But I have programmed Tk before)

> now, a general problem is people having different background. some have
> never programmed under any windowing environment. some have done that
> under various environments.  thus, you should first choose which of the
> two groups you are addressing this lecture to. 

I doubt there's such a difference in the  stuff I have to teach (of
course, turning those ideas into code will be helped by experience). I do
wish to assume expereince programming in C, because it will help
immensely. (Of course, I do most of my Gtk programming in Python, but
most of the documentation is about the C binding, and new widgets can 
only be added in C)

> another question is whether you intend for this to be a multi-lectures
> series, or a one lecture only

Currently, this is supossed to be a single lecture, to show the general
architecture. The assumption is that if someone wants something more
in-depth, he might as well read the docs...

> my own suggestion would be to start up with a single lecture, more or less
> in the format you've wrote about in one of your previous postings, and
> with a set of links to related documentation in the final slide. then,
> place the slides on linux.org.il's web site.

The GNOME team did it much better: http://developer.gnome.org/docs/

I'm hoping to be able to give future lectures on other topics.
--
Moshe Zadka <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>. 
http://www.oreilly.com/news/prescod_0300.html
http://www.linux.org.il -- we put the penguin in .com


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RE: The Size/Speed Paradox

2000-04-15 Thread Kalaev, Maxim

> 
> I noticed that the program that uses the chars representation 
> runs much
> faster than the int/short based program. For 100 given initial boards,
> it finished them in 11 minutes and 12 seconds. The wider program took
> more than 19 minutes when it was terminated in the middle of board No.
> 62, which is a complex board that takes 42,940 checked states to
> solution.

I haven't looked at your source,
 but the program should need very much
 memory, less memory used->less swapping,
 less memory used->higher hit-rate...

Regards
Maxim


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Re: The Size/Speed Paradox

2000-04-15 Thread Shlomi Fish

On Sat, 15 Apr 2000, Daniel Feiglin wrote:

> Well, I was curious enough to click on your source code site and here is wahat I
> got:
> 
> Forbidden
> 
> You don't have permission to access /~shlomif/fcs/ on this server.
> 
> Ho hum.
> 
> Dan Feiglin
> 

Well, sorry about that, but apparently t2 does not allow to view
directories which do not contain index.html files.

I fixed it, but in any case vipe is now serving users' home pages so
you can go to my homepage (http://t2.technion.ac.il/~shlomif/) and follow
the Freecell Solver link.

Regards,

Shlomi Fish



--
Shlomi Fish[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
Home Page: http://t2.technion.ac.il/~shlomif/
Home E-mail:   [EMAIL PROTECTED]

The prefix "God Said" has the extraordinary logical property of 
converting any statement that follows it into a true one.


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