Re: [gentoo-user] Kernel modules: initramfs vs. /lib/modules
2017-02-13 12:34 GMT+01:00, Rich Freeman : > On Mon, Feb 13, 2017 at 5:53 AM, marco restelli > wrote: >> >> Could you suggest any reference about how an initramfs can help making >> it easier to identify the correct root filesystem? Does this >> functionality overlap with what grub can do, or is something >> different? >> > > The dracut references are fairly extensive, but they probably assume > that you already know about something like this. Keep in mind that on > virtually all other distros end-users aren't expected to set up their > own kernels or initramfs so there isn't a lot of general documentation > out there. And even within Gentoo a lot of people seem to avoid an > initramfs, so our own docs may not be as extensive as they could be. Yes, indeed I have always used gentoo without an initramfs and I am now looking into it because I want to make a bootable USB. > The short version is that the kernel is very limited in what it can > take in the root= option on the command line, and grub and other > bootloaders don't do anything to ID the root filesystem other than > passing whatever root= parameter you specify (I'd be interested in any > info to the contrary). I have always generated grub.cfg files with grub-mkconfig. In some cases I see here search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root linux /kernel-XYZ root=/dev/sda4 ro As far as I understand it, the first line searches the partition where the kernel is located identifying it through the UUID. Then the second line loads the kernel passing /dev/sda4 as the system root. On the bootable USB stick, with an initramfs, however I have search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root linux /kernel-XYZ root=UUID= ro so now also the root filesystem is identified by its UUID. Based on your comment that: > Anytime you see something like root=UUID=* that is being handled by an > initramfs. I understand that this parameter is passed by the kernel to the init script inside the initramfs which then uses "busybox findfs" to translate the UUID into a device name. Is this correct? > Basically an initramfs should be viewed as an extended bootloader. > For more exotic setups they're essentially required (such as > network-based root filesystems). The trend has also been to not add > new root-finding capabilities to the kernel as the initramfs is the > preferred way of doing things. If lvm+mdadm were being built today, > I'm not sure they would make the kernel capable of directly mounting > them as root. OK. Thank you again, Marco
Re: [gentoo-user] Kernel modules: initramfs vs. /lib/modules
2017-02-13 12:47 GMT+01:00, Johannes Rosenberger : > On 13.02.2017 12:34, Rich Freeman wrote: >> On Mon, Feb 13, 2017 at 5:53 AM, marco restelli >> wrote: >>> Could you suggest any reference about how an initramfs can help making >>> it easier to identify the correct root filesystem? Does this >>> functionality overlap with what grub can do, or is something >>> different? >>> >> The dracut references are fairly extensive, but they probably assume >> that you already know about something like this. >> >> [...] > > There is some very good documentation about crafting your own initramfs > it the Gentoo wiki: > https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Custom_Initramfs > https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Early_Userspace_Mounting Johannes, these documents are indeed very informative, thank you for pointing them out. Marco
[gentoo-user] After KDE5 install massive depclean list
Having finally got a stable KDE5 system I did an emerge depclean and got 288 candidates! I am not sure which packages I need to keep and which can go. I assume any package like kde-apps/kxxx-4.14* can go unless you actually want it, but I am unclear about packages like kde-apps/plasma-apps-15.12.3 which are slotted as 4 but have upgrades to 16.08.3. Do I still need these? Thanks Robin -- -- Robin Atwood. "Ship me somewheres east of Suez, where the best is like the worst, Where there ain't no Ten Commandments an' a man can raise a thirst" from "Mandalay" by Rudyard Kipling -- -- This message has been scanned for viruses and dangerous content by MailScanner, and is believed to be clean.
Re: [gentoo-user] After KDE5 install massive depclean list
On 15/02/2017 15:14, Robin Atwood wrote: > Having finally got a stable KDE5 system I did an emerge depclean and got > 288 candidates! I am not sure which packages I need to keep and which > can go. I assume any package like kde-apps/kxxx-4.14* can go unless you > actually want it, but I am unclear about packages like > kde-apps/plasma-apps-15.12.3 which are slotted as 4 but have upgrades to > 16.08.3. Do I still need these? For the most part, no. Almost every kde4 package (libs, apps, plugins, and more) got updated for KDE% and many were pkgmv'ed around to new categories. So 288 sounds like the right ballpark from memory. I found that the kde ebuild maintainers did a really good job with this, and virtually every upgrade went smooth for me. The KDE4 apps I still have (amarok, k3b, etc) have their DEPENDs correct so depclean tends to be correct as is, including the plasma SLOTs. If your world file is in good condition I recommend you let portage clean what it wants to. In the unlikely evnt the devs missed something, you can always emerge a missing package or two back. -- Alan McKinnon alan.mckin...@gmail.com
Re: [gentoo-user] Kernel modules: initramfs vs. /lib/modules
On Wed, Feb 15, 2017 at 5:58 AM, marco restelli wrote: > >> The short version is that the kernel is very limited in what it can >> take in the root= option on the command line, and grub and other >> bootloaders don't do anything to ID the root filesystem other than >> passing whatever root= parameter you specify (I'd be interested in any >> info to the contrary). > > I have always generated grub.cfg files with grub-mkconfig. In some > cases I see here > > search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root > linux /kernel-XYZ root=/dev/sda4 ro > > As far as I understand it, the first line searches the partition where > the kernel is located identifying it through the UUID. Then the second > line loads the kernel passing /dev/sda4 as the system root. > > On the bootable USB stick, with an initramfs, however I have > > search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root > linux /kernel-XYZ root=UUID= ro > > so now also the root filesystem is identified by its UUID. Correct. Just note that "root" in GRUB lingo is the filesystem that contains all the grub binaries, the kernels, and so on. That is typically /boot on a linux system. Unless they happen to be the same filesystem it isn't the same root you pass to the kernel. If it were then you would have the same UUID in the second example. > >> Anytime you see something like root=UUID=* that is being handled by an >> initramfs. > > I understand that this parameter is passed by the kernel to the init > script inside the initramfs which then uses "busybox findfs" to > translate the UUID into a device name. Is this correct? > I suppose that is one way it could be done, but of course it could be implemented in other ways. As far as I can tell Dracut does not use busybox findfs. I didn't do a careful read but a quick look at the source suggests that it is actually using udev and referencing /dev/disk/by-uuid and so on. I suspect the logic is that if udev could find the root device on the host when the initramfs was being built, then it should be able to find it in the initramfs if the same software is used to do it. -- Rich
Re: [gentoo-user] Perhaps add "gentoo-" in beginning of file name for iso files
On Tue, Feb 14, 2017 at 6:08 PM, Johannes Rosenberger wrote: > > On 15.02.2017 00:00, scootergrisen wrote: >> When i download Gentoo Linux the file name might be called something >> like: >> livedvd-amd64-multilib-20160704.iso >> >> This might be fine if you just want that file and want to use it >> straight away. >> >> But lets say like i just did downloaded multiple linux distributions >> because i want to test them out so i have like 10-20 iso files or what >> ever. >> >> Then later one when i see the file name >> livedvd-amd64-multilib-20160704.iso i have no idea what distribution >> that was. >> >> The other distributions i have downloaded all seem to start with the >> name of the distribution in the file name. I Think Gentoo Linux is the >> only one yet that does not. >> > So you can identify it uniquely. ;-) >> So would it not be better to use a file name like this?: >> gentoo-livedvd-amd64-multilib-20160704.iso >> > Could be nice. But not important. > You can always run 'wget -O '. > > You could write a GLEP? But then, you could just file a bug/ask somebody > responsible for the naming. A GLEP seems like overkill for something like this. I would suggest filing a bug for the release engineering team.
[gentoo-user] How to force a rebuild?
Hi, I did not find this by Google. Maybe I asked the wrong terms. The package "virtualbox-modules" contains some kernel modules. When I built the package they landed in the directory # equery f app-emulation/virtualbox-modules ... /lib/modules/4.4.39-gentoo/misc/vboxdrv.ko /lib/modules/4.4.39-gentoo/misc/vboxnetadp.ko ... After a kernel update the VirtualBox won't find them any more and do not expect that at all. I could delete the package and build-install it again, but then the old kernels modules would disappear. I just want to install the new ones. I could do a sequence of "ebuild" commands. Is there a front end "emerge" command, too? Something like the -U flag? Thanks in advance. Bertram -- Bertram Scharpf Stuttgart, Deutschland/Germany http://www.bertram-scharpf.de
Re: [gentoo-user] advice on a new laptop
On Saturday, 4 February 2017 12:20:06 CET Stefano Crocco wrote: > On Thursday, 2 February 2017 09:28:05 CET Stefano Crocco wrote: > > Hello to everyone, > > I need to buy a new laptop and I'd like some advice. Currently, I'm > > thinking of buying an ASUS UX310UA-GL547T. Has anyone tried running > > Gentoo on it? If so, how did it go? A Google search only lead me to a > > page hinting it should work with linux, but didn't give any detail. > > > > Alternatively, which other model would you suggest with similar > > specifications? The ASUS UX310UA-GL547T has the following characteristics: > > > > Screen: 13.3" - 1920x1080 Pixel - Full HD, LED, No Glare > > CPU: Intel® CoreTM i3-7100U (2.4 GHZ) > > RAM: 4 GB DDR4 > > Max RAM: 16 GB > > Video Card: Intel® HD Graphics 620 > > Video OUT: HDMI > > Hard Disk: 500 GB SATA 5400 rpm > > Wireless: WiFi 802.11n (a/c) > > Intel® Wireless Display (WiDi) > > Bluetooth: Bluetooth 4.1 > > USB slots: 2x USB 2.0 - 1x USB 3.0 - 1x USB 3.1 > > Card Reader: SD/MMC > > Size and weight: 32.3x22.3x1.84~1.90 cm / 1.45 Kg > > > > The price should be less than 800€/$. > > > > Thanks in advance > > > > Stefano > > Thanks to everyone who answered. I've ordered the laptop and it should > arrive next week. I'll let you know how it goes. > > Stefano All right. The laptop has arrived last Thursday (with memory expanded to 8GB) and, after a bit of work during the week-end I succeeded in installing a fully working ~amd64 Gentoo on it, with everything I need working perfectly (as far as I can tell). Unless some something unexpected come out in the future, I'm quite happy with this laptop. In case anybody is interested, here are some details on what works and what doesn't or I haven't tested. I'll also include a copy of my .config if someone finds it useful (it may contain unneeded stuff, but it works). What works: * video card: works flawlessly with Plasma 5 and the default effects enabled. I had some trouble in finding out which firmware and use flags enabled. In the end, I enabled the i965 and intel VIDEO_CARDS and everything seems to work (I didn't try anything graphics intensive, however) * wireless: this is the first wireless card which worked without problems from the installation medium: I created a wpa_supplicant.conf file with the network settings, run /etc/init.d/wpa_supplicant restart and the connection was there. After that, I only needed to find out the correct driver and firmware and insert them in the kernel * touchpad: this gave me some problems because I couldn't find out the correct options to insert in the kernel. However, after a lot of attempts, checking everything related to 12C which seemed even remotely connected with a touchpad, it started working. Most likely, currently my kernel contains some unneeded options, but I don't have the time to find out which they are * sound card: this too required a bit of work because I didn't know which codec I should use. At last, trying everyone, I found out the correct one was SND_HDA_CODEC_HDMI * suspend and hibernate: both work correctly (regarding hibernate, I have set up a swap partition of 16GB: I don't know whether it's too much, but as I have space to spare, I don't care) What doesn't work so well: * bluetooth: the adapter is recognized. However, following the instructions in the Gentoo wiki [1] I couldn't connect with my smartphone: everything went well up to the "connect" command, then I got a "can't connect" error. I tried doing the same from Bluedevil (the KDE bluetooth manager), with the same result: however, I could send files between laptop and smartphone. I don't know whether this behavior is expected with such a device, since I almost never use bluetooth. What I haven't tested: * card reader * wireless display. One of the issues which worried me more was setting up correctly an UEFI system. I don't have much experience with such systems so, among the various options I found online, I chose Refind as it seemed the easiest one. I proceeded this way: * from the UEFI screen, I disabled Secure Boot and UEFI boot (I wasn't sure the Gentoo installation stick would boot from UEFI) * I booted from the Gentoo installation stick and setup everything according to the installation handbook, except for the Grub2 part. According to the Refind instructions [2], I enabled the EFI stub in the kernel * I copied the kernel to the usual /boot partition (with ext2 filesystem; ext3, ext4 or other filesystems supported by Refind would have worked as well) * from Windows, I installed Refind [3], following to the letter the instructions given in [4]. Here, the author warns about issues with Windows 10, but, luckily, I didn't have any * I installed the kernel in the boot partition as usual * I created a custom stanza in refind.conf, as described in [5] (I could have done without it if I had given the kernel a standard name, instead of linux-4.9.9). The custom stanza is simply: menuentry Gen
Re: [gentoo-user] Perhaps add "gentoo-" in beginning of file name for iso files
On 15.02.2017 18:48, Mike Gilbert wrote: > On Tue, Feb 14, 2017 at 6:08 PM, Johannes Rosenberger wrote: >> On 15.02.2017 00:00, scootergrisen wrote: >>> When i download Gentoo Linux the file name might be called something >>> like: >>> livedvd-amd64-multilib-20160704.iso >>> >>> This might be fine if you just want that file and want to use it >>> straight away. >>> >>> But lets say like i just did downloaded multiple linux distributions >>> because i want to test them out so i have like 10-20 iso files or what >>> ever. >>> >>> Then later one when i see the file name >>> livedvd-amd64-multilib-20160704.iso i have no idea what distribution >>> that was. >>> >>> The other distributions i have downloaded all seem to start with the >>> name of the distribution in the file name. I Think Gentoo Linux is the >>> only one yet that does not. >>> >> So you can identify it uniquely. ;-) >>> So would it not be better to use a file name like this?: >>> gentoo-livedvd-amd64-multilib-20160704.iso >>> >> Could be nice. But not important. >> You can always run 'wget -O '. >> >> You could write a GLEP? But then, you could just file a bug/ask somebody >> responsible for the naming. > A GLEP seems like overkill for something like this. I would suggest > filing a bug for the release engineering team. > That's the broad hint my rethoric should give. But maybe I ought to be somewhat more clear in what I mean, on mailing lists.
Re: [gentoo-user] How to force a rebuild?
On Wed, Feb 15, 2017 at 8:10 PM, Bertram Scharpf wrote: > Hi, > > I did not find this by Google. Maybe I asked the wrong > terms. > > The package "virtualbox-modules" contains some kernel > modules. When I built the package they landed in the > directory > > # equery f app-emulation/virtualbox-modules > ... > /lib/modules/4.4.39-gentoo/misc/vboxdrv.ko > /lib/modules/4.4.39-gentoo/misc/vboxnetadp.ko > ... > > After a kernel update the VirtualBox won't find them any > more and do not expect that at all. > > I could delete the package and build-install it again, but > then the old kernels modules would disappear. I just want > to install the new ones. > > I could do a sequence of "ebuild" commands. Is there a > front end "emerge" command, too? Something like the -U flag? > > Thanks in advance. > > Bertram > > > -- > Bertram Scharpf > Stuttgart, Deutschland/Germany > http://www.bertram-scharpf.de > You could try this: ebuild `equery -q w app-emulation/virtualbox-modules` src_install pkg_postinst Should this fail, you could always just reinstall app-emulation/virtualbox-modules: emerge app-emulation/virtualbox-modules
Re: [gentoo-user] How to force a rebuild?
Bertram Scharpf wrote: > Hi, > > I did not find this by Google. Maybe I asked the wrong > terms. > > The package "virtualbox-modules" contains some kernel > modules. When I built the package they landed in the > directory > > # equery f app-emulation/virtualbox-modules > > ... > /lib/modules/4.4.39-gentoo/misc/vboxdrv.ko > /lib/modules/4.4.39-gentoo/misc/vboxnetadp.ko > ... > > After a kernel update the VirtualBox won't find them any > more and do not expect that at all. > > I could delete the package and build-install it again, but > then the old kernels modules would disappear. I just want > to install the new ones. > > I could do a sequence of "ebuild" commands. Is there a > front end "emerge" command, too? Something like the -U flag? > > Thanks in advance. > > Bertram > > I'm not sure this is what you are talking about but I think this may help. emerge -va @module-rebuild That will rebuild modules which I think is what you are looking for. If not, please ignore. Dale :-) :-)
Re: [gentoo-user] How to force a rebuild?
On 15.02.2017 19:10, Bertram Scharpf wrote: > Hi, > > I did not find this by Google. Maybe I asked the wrong > terms. > > The package "virtualbox-modules" contains some kernel > modules. When I built the package they landed in the > directory > > # equery f app-emulation/virtualbox-modules > > ... > /lib/modules/4.4.39-gentoo/misc/vboxdrv.ko > /lib/modules/4.4.39-gentoo/misc/vboxnetadp.ko > ... > > After a kernel update the VirtualBox won't find them any > more and do not expect that at all. > > I could delete the package and build-install it again, but > then the old kernels modules would disappear. I just want > to install the new ones. > > I could do a sequence of "ebuild" commands. Is there a > front end "emerge" command, too? Something like the -U flag? > > Thanks in advance. > > Bertram > > emerge @module-rebuild (find out via 'emerge --list-sets')
Re: [gentoo-user] [SOLVED] How to force a rebuild?
On Wednesday, 15. Feb 2017, 19:27:26 +0100, Johannes Rosenberger wrote: > On 15.02.2017 19:10, Bertram Scharpf wrote: > > I did not find this by Google. Maybe I asked the wrong > > terms. > > > > The package "virtualbox-modules" contains some kernel > > modules. When I built the package they landed in the > > directory > > > > # equery f app-emulation/virtualbox-modules > > > > ... > > /lib/modules/4.4.39-gentoo/misc/vboxdrv.ko > > /lib/modules/4.4.39-gentoo/misc/vboxnetadp.ko > > ... > > > > After a kernel update the VirtualBox won't find them any > > more and do not expect that at all. > > > > I could delete the package and build-install it again, but > > then the old kernels modules would disappear. I just want > > to install the new ones. > > > > I could do a sequence of "ebuild" commands. Is there a > > front end "emerge" command, too? Something like the -U flag? > > emerge @module-rebuild > > (find out via 'emerge --list-sets') Exactly what I searched for. Works. Thanks! Bertram -- Bertram Scharpf Stuttgart, Deutschland/Germany http://www.bertram-scharpf.de
[gentoo-user] Streaming Live TV News channels
I was thinking of cutting the TV cord but I think Internet TV is not yet ready. Even my Shaw FreeRange TV will not play any Live TV News Channels on my Android TV box due to some kind of licensing issues. They will stream it to cell phone but not to a box connected to internet. I hardly watch any TV moves (some Netflix and some TV News). Did anybody had a good experience with internet Live TV network? -- Thelma
Re: [gentoo-user] After KDE5 install massive depclean list
On Wednesday 15 February 2017, Alan McKinnon wrote: > On 15/02/2017 15:14, Robin Atwood wrote: > > Having finally got a stable KDE5 system I did an emerge depclean and got > > 288 candidates! I am not sure which packages I need to keep and which > > can go. I assume any package like kde-apps/kxxx-4.14* can go unless you > > actually want it, but I am unclear about packages like > > kde-apps/plasma-apps-15.12.3 which are slotted as 4 but have upgrades to > > 16.08.3. Do I still need these? > > For the most part, no. > > Almost every kde4 package (libs, apps, plugins, and more) got updated > for KDE% and many were pkgmv'ed around to new categories. So 288 sounds > like the right ballpark from memory. > > I found that the kde ebuild maintainers did a really good job with this, > and virtually every upgrade went smooth for me. The KDE4 apps I still > have (amarok, k3b, etc) have their DEPENDs correct so depclean tends to > be correct as is, including the plasma SLOTs. > > If your world file is in good condition I recommend you let portage > clean what it wants to. In the unlikely evnt the devs missed something, > you can always emerge a missing package or two back. Thanks, Alan. I have added a few packages to world and will let emerge go ahead! Cheers Robin -- -- Robin Atwood. "Ship me somewheres east of Suez, where the best is like the worst, Where there ain't no Ten Commandments an' a man can raise a thirst" from "Mandalay" by Rudyard Kipling -- -- This message has been scanned for viruses and dangerous content by MailScanner, and is believed to be clean.
