Re: Good Terminal for X?

[Thomas Dickey]

On Sat, Aug 07, 2010 at 06:41:11PM -0600, Chad Perrin wrote:
> On Fri, Aug 06, 2010 at 04:12:47PM -0400, Thomas Dickey wrote:
> > On Fri, Aug 06, 2010 at 11:26:10AM +0200, Roland Smith wrote:
> > > 
> > > Try x11/rxvt-unicode. It doesn't require Gnome nor KDE libraries, and it 
> > > does
> > > handle unicode well. It's a lot lighter than xterm. And it has 
> > > transparancy or
> > > backgrounds if you like that.
> > 
> > It's not "a lot lighter" - I made a table recently to investigate.
> > See
> > 
> > http://invisible-island.net/xterm/xterm.faq.html#bug_rxvt
> 
> Thanks for the research.  I had no idea rxvt-unicode had gotten so big.

The base size has certainly increased well beyond the original rxvt.
The total size seems to be from the transparency support.

One thing that surprised me in collecting the data was noting the
terminals which are mostly implemented as libraries.  Their main
programs can be quite small.

-- 
Thomas E. Dickey
http://invisible-island.net
ftp://invisible-island.net


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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Polytropon]

On Sat, 7 Aug 2010 19:33:58 -0500, Antonio Olivares  
wrote:
> Polytropon,
> 
> So if I delete the file /etc/rc.local and make a file ~/.login, make
> it executable (chmod +x ~/.login), and add the line
> 
> 
>[ -f /tmp/.X0-lock ] && startx
> in that file and I will have the same result but without loggin in as
> root?

Correct. The user specified by the autologin directive will
be the user who runs the "startx" command, so no need for
using "su".


Here's an example from a working FreeBSD 5 system:

/etc/ttys:

ttyv0  "/usr/libexec/getty autologin"  cons25l1  on  secure

Intead of "Pc", the profile to be used is named "autologin".

/etc/gettytab:

autologin:\
:al=praxis:tc=Pc:

The name "praxis" is the user's account name for the user
to be logged in automatically. All capabilities defined
in "Pc" will also be incorporated.

/home/praxis/.login:

mesg y
[ ! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ] && startx

This makes sure the same username can be used for an SSH
login (and it WON'T try to start another X then), or it
can be used to log in via text mode console. When X is
shut down, the user will be dropped to the text mode CLI.
If you don't want to do that, add "logout" as the next
line in ~/.login, or enclose the whole "startx" line in
a loop. But this can lead to problems when X is not
working properly.






-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: forwarding ssh

[David Banning]

 Thanks for that Steven. Connecting this way is only a deviation from 
the usually connection  we use.  I have several users you have X-win32 
configured on their laptops on the road.  I was hoping to make this 
change invisible to each existing user and their setup since we will be 
going back to the previous direct X-Win32 ssh connection soon.  I'll 
look at the -R option that you mentioned which I was not aware of.


On 8/7/2010 8:27 PM, Steven Susbauer wrote:

On 08/07/10 16:23, David Banning wrote:

I presently am using Putty and X-Win32 and I am connecting to a remote
machine successfully.

I now need to connect using SSH over the internet -through- one machine,
but have my SSH with a second machine on the same site - something like
so;

ssh-site1 --(internet)--->  site2-(also 192.168.1.1)-->  
loc2-(192.168.1.50)


I need to bridge the connection from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.50
so I've tried in ipnat;



If I hear you right, you're trying to connect to site2 over the 
internet, and also connect to loc2 through the connection on site2.


SSH can create a tunnel itself. You could use something like:
   'ssh -L 2200:loc2:22 u...@site2'

This would connect you to a shell on site2. Then on your machine open 
another terminal and type:
'ssh -p 2200 u...@localhost' which would connect to loc2 port 22 using 
the connection on site2. If you try to close the connection to site2, 
it won't work since you're still connected to loc2.


ssh also supports forwarding a port on the remote server using -R, but 
I'm led to believe you are trying to limit the connections that get 
through the site2 to loc2 and -L requires you (or someone else) to be 
on local system.


In putty this same feature is configured under Connection > SSH > 
Tunnels.



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FreeBSD on the RouterBoard 450G

[Jozsi Vadkan]

Did anyone manage to install, and use/test FreeBSD on the RouterBoard
450G? Or does anyone has a howto for it, how to do it?

Thank you in advance.

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zfs question

[Dick Hoogendijk]

 Years back I ran FreeBSD, so I have some experience. The last couple 
of years I ran Solaris, followed by Opensolaris. I am very satisfied. 
However, considering the troubles after Oracle took over I have rebuild 
my server system under FreeBSD-8.1 (now running as a virtual machine 
under VirtualBox). All works very well and smooth so I'm going to 
transfer this VM to a real seperate harddisk.


I have a couple of questions:

[1] Transfering the VM is best done using dump/restore I guess? (This 
after a smallest creation of fbsd81 on the new harddisk) ?


My server has five disks: 1 PATA (160Gb), 2 SATA2 (500Gb) and 2 SATA2 
(1Tb) The fist is disabled at the moment and the others are ZFS mirrors 
under opensolaris. they are not usable for freebsd because the zfs 
versions don't match. I will have to rebuild. ;-)


However, I'm a bit worried about the status of ZFS on FreeBSD-8.1 I 
don't want my system to boot off ZFS like I have now on OpenSolaris-b134


I think it is wisest to have the 160Gb IDE drive installed for FreeBSD 
system drive w/ UFS2 and after that create two ZFS mirrors from my SATA 
drives.


Is ZFS (v14) ready for production on FreeBSD-8.1 and if yes, will I 
still need special settings? The server system is 64bits and has 3Gb memory.


I hope to get some answers or good reading points.
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Re: zfs question

[Matthew Seaman]

On 08/08/2010 12:43:48, Dick Hoogendijk wrote:
>  Years back I ran FreeBSD, so I have some experience. The last couple of
> years I ran Solaris, followed by Opensolaris. I am very satisfied.
> However, considering the troubles after Oracle took over I have rebuild
> my server system under FreeBSD-8.1 (now running as a virtual machine
> under VirtualBox). All works very well and smooth so I'm going to
> transfer this VM to a real seperate harddisk.
> 
> I have a couple of questions:
> 
> [1] Transfering the VM is best done using dump/restore I guess? (This
> after a smallest creation of fbsd81 on the new harddisk) ?

Yes, that would be a pretty good way of doing your vtophys migration.

> My server has five disks: 1 PATA (160Gb), 2 SATA2 (500Gb) and 2 SATA2
> (1Tb) The fist is disabled at the moment and the others are ZFS mirrors
> under opensolaris. they are not usable for freebsd because the zfs
> versions don't match. I will have to rebuild. ;-)

% zpool list -H -o version zroot
14
% zfs list -H -o version /
3

Those are the latest available under 8-STABLE -- 8.1-RELEASE will be the
same.

> However, I'm a bit worried about the status of ZFS on FreeBSD-8.1 I
> don't want my system to boot off ZFS like I have now on OpenSolaris-b134
> 
> I think it is wisest to have the 160Gb IDE drive installed for FreeBSD
> system drive w/ UFS2 and after that create two ZFS mirrors from my SATA
> drives.

Hmmm... well, booting FreeBSD off ZFS works perfectly well.  Apart from
the lack of support in sysinstall, I can't see any good reasons to avoid
it.  However, it's your system, and booting from UFS also works very
well, so do whatever pleases you.

There's more of a question over whether it's a good idea to put swap
onto zfs -- I think the recommendation is still to prefer using a raw
partition or gmirror for that.

> Is ZFS (v14) ready for production on FreeBSD-8.1 and if yes, will I
> still need special settings? The server system is 64bits and has 3Gb
> memory.

Yes.   It works very well.

On amd64 you'll get a pretty reasonable setup out of the box (so to
speak) which will work fine for most purposes.  Of course, if your
system has particularly demanding IO patterns, then you may have to
tweak some loader.conf or sysctl parameters to get the best results.
But that's hardly unique to ZFS.

> I hope to get some answers or good reading points.

The FreeBSD Wiki entries on ZFS are very useful to read:

http://wiki.freebsd.org/ZFS  (and the links from that page)

especially the recipes for installing various different ZFS based
configurations: eg. http://wiki.freebsd.org/RootOnZFS

Cheers,

Matthew

-- 
Dr Matthew J Seaman MA, D.Phil.   7 Priory Courtyard
  Flat 3
PGP: http://www.infracaninophile.co.uk/pgpkey Ramsgate
JID: matt...@infracaninophile.co.uk   Kent, CT11 9PW



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Re: virtualbox

[Warren Block]

On Sat, 7 Aug 2010, Chip Camden wrote:


When running Xorg under VirtualBox, I had to add the following to
xorg.conf to get the keyboard and mouse to respond:

Section "ServerFlags"
Option  "AutoAddDevices" "off"
EndSection


As with a physical machine, that is only needed to disable hal input 
device detection.  One of my FreeBSD 8 VMs has dbus and hal enabled, 
virtualbox-ose-additions installed, and runs without an xorg.conf.

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Re: zfs question

[krad]

On 8 August 2010 13:27, Matthew Seaman wrote:

> On 08/08/2010 12:43:48, Dick Hoogendijk wrote:
> >  Years back I ran FreeBSD, so I have some experience. The last couple of
> > years I ran Solaris, followed by Opensolaris. I am very satisfied.
> > However, considering the troubles after Oracle took over I have rebuild
> > my server system under FreeBSD-8.1 (now running as a virtual machine
> > under VirtualBox). All works very well and smooth so I'm going to
> > transfer this VM to a real seperate harddisk.
> >
> > I have a couple of questions:
> >
> > [1] Transfering the VM is best done using dump/restore I guess? (This
> > after a smallest creation of fbsd81 on the new harddisk) ?
>
> Yes, that would be a pretty good way of doing your vtophys migration.
>
> > My server has five disks: 1 PATA (160Gb), 2 SATA2 (500Gb) and 2 SATA2
> > (1Tb) The fist is disabled at the moment and the others are ZFS mirrors
> > under opensolaris. they are not usable for freebsd because the zfs
> > versions don't match. I will have to rebuild. ;-)
>
> % zpool list -H -o version zroot
> 14
> % zfs list -H -o version /
> 3
>
> Those are the latest available under 8-STABLE -- 8.1-RELEASE will be the
> same.
>
> > However, I'm a bit worried about the status of ZFS on FreeBSD-8.1 I
> > don't want my system to boot off ZFS like I have now on OpenSolaris-b134
> >
> > I think it is wisest to have the 160Gb IDE drive installed for FreeBSD
> > system drive w/ UFS2 and after that create two ZFS mirrors from my SATA
> > drives.
>
> Hmmm... well, booting FreeBSD off ZFS works perfectly well.  Apart from
> the lack of support in sysinstall, I can't see any good reasons to avoid
> it.  However, it's your system, and booting from UFS also works very
> well, so do whatever pleases you.
>
> There's more of a question over whether it's a good idea to put swap
> onto zfs -- I think the recommendation is still to prefer using a raw
> partition or gmirror for that.
>
> > Is ZFS (v14) ready for production on FreeBSD-8.1 and if yes, will I
> > still need special settings? The server system is 64bits and has 3Gb
> > memory.
>
> Yes.   It works very well.
>
> On amd64 you'll get a pretty reasonable setup out of the box (so to
> speak) which will work fine for most purposes.  Of course, if your
> system has particularly demanding IO patterns, then you may have to
> tweak some loader.conf or sysctl parameters to get the best results.
> But that's hardly unique to ZFS.
>
> > I hope to get some answers or good reading points.
>
> The FreeBSD Wiki entries on ZFS are very useful to read:
>
> http://wiki.freebsd.org/ZFS  (and the links from that page)
>
> especially the recipes for installing various different ZFS based
> configurations: eg. http://wiki.freebsd.org/RootOnZFS
>
>Cheers,
>
>Matthew
>
> --
> Dr Matthew J Seaman MA, D.Phil.   7 Priory Courtyard
>  Flat 3
> PGP: http://www.infracaninophile.co.uk/pgpkey Ramsgate
> JID: matt...@infracaninophile.co.uk   Kent, CT11 9PW
>
>
if you want an easy zfsroot install use the pcbsd installer as it supports
zfs installation and can install plain freebsd
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Re: zfs question

[Elias Chrysocheris]

On Sunday 08 of August 2010 14:43:48 Dick Hoogendijk wrote:
>   Years back I ran FreeBSD, so I have some experience. The last couple
> of years I ran Solaris, followed by Opensolaris. I am very satisfied.
> However, considering the troubles after Oracle took over I have rebuild
> my server system under FreeBSD-8.1 (now running as a virtual machine
> under VirtualBox). All works very well and smooth so I'm going to
> transfer this VM to a real seperate harddisk.
> 
> I have a couple of questions:
> 
> [1] Transfering the VM is best done using dump/restore I guess? (This
> after a smallest creation of fbsd81 on the new harddisk) ?

That's the way I've done it once. It worked for me, so I believe everything 
will go fine to you, too.

> 
> My server has five disks: 1 PATA (160Gb), 2 SATA2 (500Gb) and 2 SATA2
> (1Tb) The fist is disabled at the moment and the others are ZFS mirrors
> under opensolaris. they are not usable for freebsd because the zfs
> versions don't match. I will have to rebuild. ;-)
> 
> However, I'm a bit worried about the status of ZFS on FreeBSD-8.1 I
> don't want my system to boot off ZFS like I have now on OpenSolaris-b134
> 
> I think it is wisest to have the 160Gb IDE drive installed for FreeBSD
> system drive w/ UFS2 and after that create two ZFS mirrors from my SATA
> drives.
> 
> Is ZFS (v14) ready for production on FreeBSD-8.1 and if yes, will I
> still need special settings? The server system is 64bits and has 3Gb
> memory.
> 
> I hope to get some answers or good reading points.

I have a FreeBSD amd64 machine that is ZFS-only since FreeBSD 8.0-RELEASE. ZFS 
Pool was in v13 then. It still works fine, even after the update to FreeBSD 
8.1-RELEASE with ZFS Pool v14. I have no problems, even though I pulled the 
plug off by accident (twice...). The system runs fine and the boot partition is 
also in ZFS.

There is no problem if you want to use UFS for the boot partition. I think is 
a matter of taste.

Whatever is your choice I believe that you'll stay happy using ZFS

Best regards
Elias
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Re: FreeBSD on the RouterBoard 450G

[Outback Dingo]

http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-mips/2010-June/000890.html

appears doable

google FreeBSD on the RouterBoard 450G

On Sun, Aug 8, 2010 at 7:35 AM, Jozsi Vadkan wrote:

> Did anyone manage to install, and use/test FreeBSD on the RouterBoard
> 450G? Or does anyone has a howto for it, how to do it?
>
> Thank you in advance.
>
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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Antonio Olivares]

On 8/8/10, Polytropon  wrote:
> On Sat, 7 Aug 2010 19:33:58 -0500, Antonio Olivares
>  wrote:
>> Polytropon,
>>
>> So if I delete the file /etc/rc.local and make a file ~/.login, make
>> it executable (chmod +x ~/.login), and add the line
>>
>>
>>[ -f /tmp/.X0-lock ] && startx
>> in that file and I will have the same result but without loggin in as
>> root?
>
> Correct. The user specified by the autologin directive will
> be the user who runs the "startx" command, so no need for
> using "su".
>
>
> Here's an example from a working FreeBSD 5 system:
>
> /etc/ttys:
>
>   ttyv0  "/usr/libexec/getty autologin"  cons25l1  on  secure
>
> Intead of "Pc", the profile to be used is named "autologin".
>
> /etc/gettytab:
>
>   autologin:\
>   :al=praxis:tc=Pc:
>
> The name "praxis" is the user's account name for the user
> to be logged in automatically. All capabilities defined
> in "Pc" will also be incorporated.
>
> /home/praxis/.login:
>
>   mesg y
>   [ ! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ] && startx
>
> This makes sure the same username can be used for an SSH
> login (and it WON'T try to start another X then), or it
> can be used to log in via text mode console. When X is
> shut down, the user will be dropped to the text mode CLI.
> If you don't want to do that, add "logout" as the next
> line in ~/.login, or enclose the whole "startx" line in
> a loop. But this can lead to problems when X is not
> working properly.
>
>
> --

Polytropon & et all,

I apologize, but the change to put the code:

[! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ] && startx

my home directory /home/olivares/.login apparently does not work, why
I see pam errors:

Aug 8 08:07:32 myhostname login:  pam_authenticate(): conversation failure
   login:
in_prompt_echo_off(): tcgetattr():  Device not configured

error repeats itself.

I want to use your solution, since the one with rc.local, the mouse
takes a while to respond :(

Thanks for helping me fix this.

Regards,

Antonio
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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Polytropon]

On Sun, 8 Aug 2010 09:12:51 -0500, Antonio Olivares  
wrote:
> I apologize, but the change to put the code:
> 
>   [! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ] && startx

Oh good, added the missing "!"in the condition. Maybe I should
have written the code more clearly in the first place:

if [ ! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ]; then
/usr/local/bin/startx
fi



> my home directory /home/olivares/.login apparently does not work, why
> I see pam errors:
> 
> Aug 8 08:07:32 myhostname login:  pam_authenticate(): conversation failure
>    login:
> in_prompt_echo_off(): tcgetattr():  Device not configured

It's great to use FreeBSD - "man tcgetattr" tells us that this
function is used to retrieve terminal capability data. In my
opinion, this indicates that there's something wrong with the
format or content of /etc/gettytab.

Checking this on my side reveals something strange: I have put
the profile name "autologin" as shown in my working (!) example
right after the "default" entry in /etc/gettytab; the "fixed speed
entries" then follow. Then, later on, near the file's end, there's
another entry with the same name. Strange... but works!

I would only guess a gettytab issue...




-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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File System Performance on FreeBSD

[Kiswono Prayogo]

Is there any justification for this benchmark?

http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=zfs_ext4_btrfs&num=2 



Regards,
GB
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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Antonio Olivares]

On 8/8/10, Polytropon  wrote:
> On Sun, 8 Aug 2010 09:12:51 -0500, Antonio Olivares
>  wrote:
>> I apologize, but the change to put the code:
>>
>>  [! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ] && startx
>
> Oh good, added the missing "!"in the condition. Maybe I should
> have written the code more clearly in the first place:
>
>   if [ ! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ]; then
>   /usr/local/bin/startx
>   fi
>
>
>
>> my home directory /home/olivares/.login apparently does not work, why
>> I see pam errors:
>>
>> Aug 8 08:07:32 myhostname login:  pam_authenticate(): conversation failure
>>    login:
>> in_prompt_echo_off(): tcgetattr():  Device not configured
>
> It's great to use FreeBSD - "man tcgetattr" tells us that this
> function is used to retrieve terminal capability data. In my
> opinion, this indicates that there's something wrong with the
> format or content of /etc/gettytab.
>
> Checking this on my side reveals something strange: I have put
> the profile name "autologin" as shown in my working (!) example
> right after the "default" entry in /etc/gettytab; the "fixed speed
> entries" then follow. Then, later on, near the file's end, there's
> another entry with the same name. Strange... but works!
>
> I would only guess a gettytab issue...
>
>
>
>
> --


Polytropon,

I have it almost working.  The pam errors are not there anymore, but
the machine stays at the Password:

prompt.  But above it there is a line that says:

554 5.3.0 host "localhost" unknown
Aug 8 09:02:49 grullahighschool sm-mta[1090]: NOQUEUE:  SYSERR(root):
host "localhost" unknown
Starting cron.
..

I had to add a localhost name and I added grullahighschool since I am
going to work there and I am getting this machine prepared for work.
Otherwise, I would see the error message when starting xfce:

Could not load up Internet address for .
This will prevent XFce from operating correctly,
It may  be possible to correct the problem by adding to the file
/etc/hosts on your system


when it had no hostname :(, I can go back to the /etc/rc.local
solution, but would prefer to get this one working, the other has an
advantage that once I log out, I can shutdown immediately, but this
does not matter much.

Thanks for your help and advice.

And for others that might wonder, I did my a bit of searches, here's
some to prove my point

http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-questions/2004-March/042040.html

http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-questions/2004-March/042074.html

Regards,

Antonio
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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Polytropon]

On Sun, 8 Aug 2010 10:11:23 -0500, Antonio Olivares  
wrote:
> Polytropon,
> 
> I have it almost working.  The pam errors are not there anymore, but
> the machine stays at the Password:
> 
> prompt.

That's strange. The user "praxis" in my working example has a
password set, and the user will be asked for it when logging in
interactively (e. g. on text mode console or via SSH); it WON'T
ask for a password in the autologin setting.

Meanwhile, I've changed the profile name "autologin" because
of its double presence. It's now "praxis" (as the user's name)
and still works, so this doesn't seem to be a problem.

By the way, what's the $SHELL of the user you use for autologin?
Maybe that's the reason - ~/.login belongs to the C shell, the
default dialog shell, but if you use bash, for example, a different
file is needed, MAYBE. I'm not a bash expert on this, as I'm
using the C shell as primary dialog shell properly. :-)



>  But above it there is a line that says:
> 
> 554 5.3.0 host "localhost" unknown
> Aug 8 09:02:49 grullahighschool sm-mta[1090]: NOQUEUE:  SYSERR(root):
> host "localhost" unknown
> Starting cron.
> ..
> 
> I had to add a localhost name and I added grullahighschool since I am
> going to work there and I am getting this machine prepared for work.

This again is a message from the system's MTA. Such messages are
often related to missing data in /etc/hosts. Check your settings
there, and "just for fun" check /etc/mail's scripts (e. g. "make
all install").



> Otherwise, I would see the error message when starting xfce:
> 
> Could not load up Internet address for .

For "empty string" - something seems to be missing.



> This will prevent XFce from operating correctly,
> It may  be possible to correct the problem by adding to the file
> /etc/hosts on your system

As I did guess. :-) Make sure the setting, for example, 

hostname="something.local"

is in /etc/rc.conf and has a CORRESPONDING entry in /etc/hosts.



> when it had no hostname :(, I can go back to the /etc/rc.local
> solution, but would prefer to get this one working, the other has an
> advantage that once I log out, I can shutdown immediately, but this
> does not matter much.

You can do this using the user's ~/.logout to contain "shutdown -p now",
but that might be bad if X crashes. :-) Still, Xfce offers a menu
entry to perform a shutdown.




-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: zfs question

[Dick Hoogendijk]

 On 8-8-2010 14:27, Matthew Seaman wrote:

Yes. It works very well.
On amd64 you'll get a pretty reasonable setup out of the box (so to
speak) which will work fine for most purposes.  Of course, if your
system has particularly demanding IO patterns, then you may have to
tweak some loader.conf or sysctl parameters to get the best results.
But that's hardly unique to ZFS.
Yes, you're quite right. ;-) But now you mention it: my virtual 
installation under virtualbox is i386. So, I guess it's better to 
reinstall, because the server is amd64. I also think that will be better 
in future use of ZFS (needs 64bits to be happy.


Am I right in believing I need the amd64 version (w/ ZFS) above the i386 
one?


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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Antonio Olivares]

 Polytropon,

On 8/8/10, Polytropon  wrote:
> On Sun, 8 Aug 2010 10:11:23 -0500, Antonio Olivares
>  wrote:
>> Polytropon,
>>
>> I have it almost working.  The pam errors are not there anymore, but
>> the machine stays at the Password:
>>
>> prompt.
>
> That's strange. The user "praxis" in my working example has a
> password set, and the user will be asked for it when logging in
> interactively (e. g. on text mode console or via SSH); it WON'T
> ask for a password in the autologin setting.
>
> Meanwhile, I've changed the profile name "autologin" because
> of its double presence. It's now "praxis" (as the user's name)
> and still works, so this doesn't seem to be a problem.
>
> By the way, what's the $SHELL of the user you use for autologin?
> Maybe that's the reason - ~/.login belongs to the C shell, the
> default dialog shell, but if you use bash, for example, a different
> file is needed, MAYBE. I'm not a bash expert on this, as I'm
> using the C shell as primary dialog shell properly. :-)
>

This is it I guess.  I chose bash shell and the default schell is the csh.

There is a file called .login in my home directory
/home/olivares/.login which has:

$ $FreeBSD:  src/share/skel/dot.login,v 1.17.2.1.5.1 2010/06/14
02:09:06 kensmith
Exp %
#
# .login - csh login script, read by login shell after '.cshrc' at login.
#
# see also csh(1), environ(7),
#
if (-x /usr/games/fortune ) /usr/games/fortune freebsd-tips
if [! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ]; then
  /usr/local/bin/startx
fi


and it clearly says that is for 'csh login', so I would need something else?


>
>
>>  But above it there is a line that says:
>>
>> 554 5.3.0 host "localhost" unknown
>> Aug 8 09:02:49 grullahighschool sm-mta[1090]: NOQUEUE:  SYSERR(root):
>> host "localhost" unknown
>> Starting cron.
>> ..
>>
>> I had to add a localhost name and I added grullahighschool since I am
>> going to work there and I am getting this machine prepared for work.
>
> This again is a message from the system's MTA. Such messages are
> often related to missing data in /etc/hosts. Check your settings
> there, and "just for fun" check /etc/mail's scripts (e. g. "make
> all install").
>
>
>
>> Otherwise, I would see the error message when starting xfce:
>>
>> Could not load up Internet address for .
>
> For "empty string" - something seems to be missing.
>
>
>
>> This will prevent XFce from operating correctly,
>> It may  be possible to correct the problem by adding to the file
>> /etc/hosts on your system
>
> As I did guess. :-) Make sure the setting, for example,
>
>   hostname="something.local"

I have hostname="grullahighschool" in /etc/rc.conf file

and I have included it in /etc/hosts also

>
> is in /etc/rc.conf and has a CORRESPONDING entry in /etc/hosts.
>
>
>
>> when it had no hostname :(, I can go back to the /etc/rc.local
>> solution, but would prefer to get this one working, the other has an
>> advantage that once I log out, I can shutdown immediately, but this
>> does not matter much.
>
> You can do this using the user's ~/.logout to contain "shutdown -p now",
> but that might be bad if X crashes. :-) Still, Xfce offers a menu
> entry to perform a shutdown.
>
> --


Thanks for your help and advice.

Regards,

Antonio
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Re: zfs question

[Dick Hoogendijk]

 On 8-8-2010 14:27, Matthew Seaman wrote:

Yes. It works very well.
On amd64 you'll get a pretty reasonable setup out of the box (so to
speak) which will work fine for most purposes.
One other thing comes to mind. I want a very robus, fast rockl solid 
*server*

It will be a file- email and webserver mostly.

Instead of using two ZFS mirrors I could also go for gmirror (I'm not 
familiar with it, but it's been around for quite some time so it should 
be very stable). I don't get the data integrity that way, but my files 
would be safe, no?


Also, using gmirror I could use "normal" BSD UFS filesystems and normal 
swap files devided across all disks?

Or am I wrong, thinking this way.

I'm not into fancy stuff; it has to be robust, fast and safe.

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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Polytropon]

On Sun, 8 Aug 2010 10:33:30 -0500, Antonio Olivares  
wrote:
> This is it I guess.  I chose bash shell and the default schell is the csh.
> 
> There is a file called .login in my home directory
> /home/olivares/.login which has:
> 
> $ $FreeBSD:  src/share/skel/dot.login,v 1.17.2.1.5.1 2010/06/14
> 02:09:06 kensmith
> Exp %
> #
> # .login - csh login script, read by login shell after '.cshrc' at login.
> #
> # see also csh(1), environ(7),
> #
> if (-x /usr/games/fortune ) /usr/games/fortune freebsd-tips
> if [! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ]; then
>   /usr/local/bin/startx
> fi
> 
> 
> and it clearly says that is for 'csh login', so I would need something else?

Yes. According to "man bash", section "INVOCATION", mentiones
other file names: Bash reads and executes ~/.bash_profile,
~/.bash_login, and ~/.profile (in that order), so you can
add the line "[ ! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ] && startx" (short form
is completely okay and valid) at the end of ~/.bash_login -
or also .profile, but it makes more sense in putting it into
something related to "login" rather than a "profile", but
that's debatable semantics. :-)

The line "[ ! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ] && startx" is correct C shell,
sh (Bourne) and bash syntax.



> I have hostname="grullahighschool" in /etc/rc.conf file

Did you add a domain name (.local or .lan are okay)? Something
like

127.0.0.1   localhost
127.0.0.1   grullahighschool.local grullahighschool
127.0.0.1   grullahighschool.local.

should work if hostname="grullahighschool.local" is given. Don't
forget to assign an IP for localhost, too (can be the same). See
"man host" for details.




-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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RE: Anti virus, anti spam step guide.

[Marwan Sultan]

Its www.openwebmail.org  NOT opewebmail - typo :)
If you need any help setting things up for your non-profit organization, let me 
know.

> 
> 
> Hi..
>  
> For WebMail that has everything you want:
> www.opebwebmail.org
>  
> For pop3 :
> qpopper
>  
> For Spam:
> SpamAssassin
>  
> Default sendmail is good.
>  
>  
> all the above is available from ports, I would recommend a manual install for 
> openwebmail instead of ports
> so you can follow and know how things work.
>  
> You can install spamassassin from ports, and follow the instructions.
>  
> -Marwan Sultan
> 
>  
> > Date: Wed, 4 Aug 2010 09:19:19 -0500
> > To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
> > From: jbiq...@icsmx.com
> > Subject: Anti virus, anti spam step guide.
> > 
> > Hello all.
> > 
> > I am looking documentation for implementing, the easiest way anti 
> > virus and anti spam configuration for non tech users and out of the 
> > box after installing FreeBSD (actually using 7.3 Release).
> > I have been working with it for some years but I am not an expert at 
> > all. I need to help some non-profit organizations that received some 
> > 2 year old computers as donation and they will use it for email 
> > services. They have not tech people, so the idea is that I can help 
> > them to implement that solution the easiest way so maybe one of the 
> > teacher there can try to replicate the solution.
> > 
> > UNtil now I always have used Sendmail as it is installed, no filters 
> > besided the spamcop ones but that was enough for my personal use.
> > I know some of you will tell that change to postfix or another MTA 
> > and that instead using POP3 that I have to use another tool (courier, 
> > fetchail, imap (any) etc etc). I ca do it for sur and I do not want 
> > to star a war , again, under what MTA is the best. I just would like 
> > to have the best and easiest solution for them. Once installed they 
> > only will be creating new accounts, changing paswords, deleting 
> > accounts. Nothing else. Ah, another thing if possible is to implement 
> > a webmail but that will be an extra gem if possible.
> > 
> > Any resources? Any suggestions based in experience? (I have one 
> > machine of them that I will use for testing the solution).
> > 
> > Thanks in advance
> > 
> > Jorge Biquez
> > 
> > ___
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> 
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RE: SoundBlaster Problem with 8.1R (NO ONE ?)

[Marwan Sultan]

No one ?

> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Hello list,
> 
>  A strange sound problem with FreeBSD 8.1R
> 
>  sound card is : Creative Sound Blaster,  Audigy
> 
>   When pciconf output is follow
>   no...@pci0:5:4:0:   class=0x040100 card=0x100a1102 chip=0x00071102 
> rev=0x00 hdr=0x00
>   vendor = 'Creative Technology LTD.'
>   device = 'Device ID same for both, but Subsystem ID = 0x1012 - Extreme 
> Audio, 0x100A - Audigy SE 7.1   (C6SB0410515017656A)'
>   class  = multimedia
>   subclass   = audio
> 
>   Means recognizing the sound?
>   cat /dev/sndstat
>   FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm: 32bit 2009061500/i386)
>   Installed devices:
>   #
>  
>   rc.conf 
>   # Enable sound-support
>   snddetect_enable="YES"
>   mixer_enable="YES"
>  
> /boot/loader.conf
> snd_emu10kx_load="YES"
> sound_load="YES"
> snd_uaudio_load="YES"
> 
> I tried to load all drivers. but same issue.
> its PCBSD system 8.1
> 
>  Please note sound was working with FreeBSD and PCBSD 7 with no problems.
>  uname -a
> FreeBSD pcbsd-2738 8.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE #1:
> 
>  Any ideas?
> 
>  Thanks
> -Marwan
> 
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Re: zfs question

[Adam Vande More]

On Sun, Aug 8, 2010 at 10:37 AM, Dick Hoogendijk  wrote:

>  On 8-8-2010 14:27, Matthew Seaman wrote:
>
>> Yes. It works very well.
>> On amd64 you'll get a pretty reasonable setup out of the box (so to
>> speak) which will work fine for most purposes.
>>
> One other thing comes to mind. I want a very robus, fast rockl solid
> *server*
> It will be a file- email and webserver mostly.
>
> Instead of using two ZFS mirrors I could also go for gmirror (I'm not
> familiar with it, but it's been around for quite some time so it should be
> very stable). I don't get the data integrity that way, but my files would be
> safe, no?
>
> Also, using gmirror I could use "normal" BSD UFS filesystems and normal
> swap files devided across all disks?
> Or am I wrong, thinking this way.
>
> I'm not into fancy stuff; it has to be robust, fast and safe.


You do not *need* amd64, however it would the best choice.  I wouldn't even
mess around with gmirror.  It's great and I love it, but it has some serious
drawback's compared to zfs mirroring.  One is there is no integrity
checking, and two is a full resyc is required on an unclean disconnect.

http://wiki.freebsd.org/RootOnZFS/GPTZFSBoot/Mirror

-- 
Adam Vande More
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Re: virtualbox

[Chip Camden]

Quoth Adam Vande More on Sunday, 08 August 2010:
> On Sat, Aug 7, 2010 at 11:07 PM, Chip Camden 
> wrote:
> 
> > Just to follow up, as part of my Bugathon participation I created a VM with
> > 8.1-RELEASE as a guest for testing.  The i386 version is running like a
> > champ.  I
> > couldn't get the amd64 iso to boot under VirtualBox, though.  It just
> > appeared to hang after loading most of the system -- sorry, I don't have
> > a log.
> >
> 
> I have a number of freebsd amd64 guests working fine, are you sure ostype is
> set correctly?  You can get symptoms like yours if you're trying to boot
> amd64 when the vbox cpu is set to 32.
> 
> -- 
> Adam Vande More


Doh!  That was it -- thanks.  I now have both 32-bit and a 64-bit guest
FreeBSD systems.

-- 
Sterling (Chip) Camden| sterl...@camdensoftware.com | 2048D/3A978E4F
http://camdensoftware.com | http://chipstips.com| http://chipsquips.com


pgpa5tmwQ0JMZ.pgp
Description: PGP signature

Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Antonio Olivares]

Polytropon,

> Yes. According to "man bash", section "INVOCATION", mentiones
> other file names: Bash reads and executes ~/.bash_profile,
> ~/.bash_login, and ~/.profile (in that order), so you can
> add the line "[ ! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ] && startx" (short form
> is completely okay and valid) at the end of ~/.bash_login -
> or also .profile, but it makes more sense in putting it into
> something related to "login" rather than a "profile", but
> that's debatable semantics. :-)
>
> The line "[ ! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ] && startx" is correct C shell,
> sh (Bourne) and bash syntax.

It does not work.  When I try to login I see:

-bash:  [ !:  command not found

I switch it to if statement suggested before for .login, but it
returns same error.
>
>   127.0.0.1   localhost
>   127.0.0.1   grullahighschool.local grullahighschool
>   127.0.0.1   grullahighschool.local.
>
> should work if hostname="grullahighschool.local" is given. Don't
> forget to assign an IP for localhost, too (can be the same). See
> "man host" for details.
>
will change the /etc/hosts file to

   ::1 grullalhighschool.rgccisd.org grullahighschool
   127.0.0.1   grullahighschool.rgccisd.org grullahighschool
   127.0.0.1   localhost

and see if I don't see the error.
>
> --

Thank you very much for your help and advice.

Regards,

Antonio
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Re: Gnus issue in FreeBSD (was: Re: IPv6 rtadv on FreeBSD 8.1?)

[Carl Johnson]

ash...@freebsd.org (Ashish SHUKLA) writes:

> Carl Johnson writes:
>
> [...]
>
>
>> Now if I could just figure out why gnus doesn't work right under emacs
>> I could finish migrating from Linux to FreeBSD.
>
> I use same .gnus in both GNU/Linux and FreeBSD and keep the mailboxen on the
> $HOME of both boxen sync-ed with each other, and works great for me.

I posted that in another thread and replied later when I discovered
the problem.  It appears that I had somehow put gnus-agent in offline
mode, so it worked once I realized that and put it back online.

How do you sync the mailboxes together?  That sounds like something
that could be useful for my configuration.  Actually I am trying to
move my old mail from Linux to FreeBSD, but syncing might be an easier
way to handle moving it.

-- 
Carl Johnsonca...@peak.org

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Re: zfs question

[krad]

On 8 August 2010 16:51, Adam Vande More  wrote:

> On Sun, Aug 8, 2010 at 10:37 AM, Dick Hoogendijk  wrote:
>
> >  On 8-8-2010 14:27, Matthew Seaman wrote:
> >
> >> Yes. It works very well.
> >> On amd64 you'll get a pretty reasonable setup out of the box (so to
> >> speak) which will work fine for most purposes.
> >>
> > One other thing comes to mind. I want a very robus, fast rockl solid
> > *server*
> > It will be a file- email and webserver mostly.
> >
> > Instead of using two ZFS mirrors I could also go for gmirror (I'm not
> > familiar with it, but it's been around for quite some time so it should
> be
> > very stable). I don't get the data integrity that way, but my files would
> be
> > safe, no?
> >
> > Also, using gmirror I could use "normal" BSD UFS filesystems and normal
> > swap files devided across all disks?
> > Or am I wrong, thinking this way.
> >
> > I'm not into fancy stuff; it has to be robust, fast and safe.
>
>
> You do not *need* amd64, however it would the best choice.  I wouldn't even
> mess around with gmirror.  It's great and I love it, but it has some
> serious
> drawback's compared to zfs mirroring.  One is there is no integrity
> checking, and two is a full resyc is required on an unclean disconnect.
>
> http://wiki.freebsd.org/RootOnZFS/GPTZFSBoot/Mirror
>
> --
> Adam Vande More
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>

you could add a gjournal layer in there as well for better data integratity.
I think you can do softupdates + journal as well now although I have never
used it
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Re: File System Performance on FreeBSD

[Bill Moran]

On 8/8/10 10:03:59 AM, Kiswono Prayogo wrote:

Is there any justification for this benchmark?

http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=zfs_ext4_btrfs&num=2



Kind of hard to do much with that "benchmark"  First off:
* Does the author even know what he's doing?  All that article does is
  display the charts, then tell you what the chart says.  The author
  shows no understanding of what's going on.
* He's running the tests on a laptop.
* He had a single disk/partition, which was the same disk/partition that
  he was running the OS off.  The difference in speed might have been
  the result of different software being installed on the different OS
  that was competing for disk usage.
* All of his tests involve tiny amounts of data and/or extremely quick
  run times (less than 30s).  On a system with 4G of ram, the different
  caching policies on the different FS can have a huge difference on the
  results.  While it's interesting to study those caching differences,
  it's not anywhere indicative of overall FS performance.  Let him run
  one of those tests for 5 mins and see if the results are still the
  same.

But, most importantly, his benchmarks are useless for any productive
use.

He doesn't describe the tests he's doing with enough detail for anyone
else to attempt to reproduce them and attempt to address the problem.
What does he mean by "gzip test"?  Can I see the command line parameters
involved?  How many runs of each test did he do?  What other programs
were accessing the disk at the time?  What other programs were
_running_?  There's nothing wrong with PC-BSD, but it installs a lot
of stuff at install time -- there may be programs running that are
hurting the results that aren't running on Ubuntu.  Since that was a
laptop, what is the powersave policy for the disks in each case?  Did
he do a single run of each test?  That produces the most unreliable
results ever.

Overall, it's just sloppy reporting if you ask me.  For all I know,
he actually did a really good job of making sure that everything was
set up to be fair, but the article doesn't say that.  It's pretty
typical of most reporting, not enough depth or care to be useful.

I'm sure there are Linux people who will be shouting about this all
over the place.  But to the casual observer, all this tells you is
that Linux's filesystems _may_ be faster for short, bursty work.

To someone technical who might be looking to investigate the results
with an eye toward fixing them, it's useless.

--
Bill Moran
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Re: File System Performance on FreeBSD

[Bruce Cran]

On Sun, 08 Aug 2010 13:13:46 -0400
Bill Moran  wrote:

> To someone technical who might be looking to investigate the results
> with an eye toward fixing them, it's useless.

Anyone can download the Phoronix Test Suite though, so it should be
fairly easy to check if the results are valid at least.

-- 
Bruce Cran
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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Polytropon]

On Sun, 8 Aug 2010 11:14:12 -0500, Antonio Olivares  
wrote:
> It does not work.  When I try to login I see:
> 
> -bash:  [ !:  command not found
> 
> I switch it to if statement suggested before for .login, but it
> returns same error.

Very strange; I've checked that in bash's dialog mode, and it
seems to work properly. If it really doesn't work, you can use
the test program instead of [.

if test ! -f /tmp/.X0-lock; then
/usr/local/bin/startx
fi

I've checked this in bash's dialog mode, it works.


-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: File System Performance on FreeBSD

[Adam Vande More]

On Sun, Aug 8, 2010 at 12:13 PM, Bill Moran wrote:

> On 8/8/10 10:03:59 AM, Kiswono Prayogo wrote:
>
>> Is there any justification for this benchmark?
>>
>> http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=zfs_ext4_btrfs&num=2
>> 
>>
>
> I'm sure there are Linux people who will be shouting about this all
> over the place.  But to the casual observer, all this tells you is
> that Linux's filesystems _may_ be faster for short, bursty work.
>
>
Here's a more detailed explanation.

http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-hackers/2010-June/032031.html



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Re: File System Performance on FreeBSD

[Antonio Vieiro]

Hi,

I heard that Linux filesystems were not reliable because of some bad way 
of doing caching or something like that.


For a study on Linux FS reliability see [1] by Toshiba guys. It seems 
Linux was upset on this about one year ago [2]. Quoting:


"Torvalds, for one, didn't seem too excited about the delayed 
synchronization. He writes on the mailing list, "Doesn't at least ext4 
default to the insane model of 'data is less important than metadata, 
and it doesn't get journalled'? And ext3 with 'data=writeback' does the 
same, no? Both of which are -- as far as I can tell -- total brain damage."


I don't mind if a filesystem is very fast: I want it to be reliable 
first. I wonder if that Phoronix test suite checks for reliability first 
or not.


Cheers,
Antonio

[1] elinux.org/images/2/26/Evaluation_of_Data_Reliability-ELC2010.pdf
[2] 
http://www.linux-magazine.com/Online/News/Linus-Torvalds-Upset-over-Ext3-and-Ext4



On 08/08/2010 19:22, Bruce Cran wrote:

On Sun, 08 Aug 2010 13:13:46 -0400
Bill Moran  wrote:


To someone technical who might be looking to investigate the results
with an eye toward fixing them, it's useless.


Anyone can download the Phoronix Test Suite though, so it should be
fairly easy to check if the results are valid at least.



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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Antonio Olivares]

On 8/8/10, Polytropon  wrote:
> On Sun, 8 Aug 2010 11:14:12 -0500, Antonio Olivares
>  wrote:
>> It does not work.  When I try to login I see:
>>
>> -bash:  [ !:  command not found
>>
>> I switch it to if statement suggested before for .login, but it
>> returns same error.
>
> Very strange; I've checked that in bash's dialog mode, and it
> seems to work properly. If it really doesn't work, you can use
> the test program instead of [.
>
>   if test ! -f /tmp/.X0-lock; then
>   /usr/local/bin/startx
>   fi
>
> I've checked this in bash's dialog mode, it works.
>
>
> --
> Polytropon
> Magdeburg, Germany
> Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
> Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
>

Have changed it, now when I start machine I am logged in as root

grullahighschool#

I wonder what I did

/etc/gettytab

ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty autologin"   cons25  on  secure

/etc/ttys

autologin:\
   :al=olivares:ht:np:sp#115200:

Might it be that there were two lines
in /etc/gettytab

ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc"   cons25  on  secure

and

ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty autologin"   cons25  on  secure

and I removed the top one with "Pc" and left the one below?

Thank you for your help/advice, I am almost there.

Regards,

Antonio
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Connection Bandwidth Metering?

[Chris Telting]

I have my own Virtual Private Server (VPS) and was wondering what is the 
most straightforward to meter my own connection?


I would like to email notices to myself of excessive bandwidth usage as 
well as take steps that limit a DOS attack or Slashdot effect on the 
webserver.  I would also like the metering to be persistent as possible 
across reboots.  Not really looking for full logging or to do graphs 
yet, just want the current metered bandwidth.


Thanks

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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Antonio Olivares]

On 8/8/10, Antonio Olivares  wrote:
> On 8/8/10, Polytropon  wrote:
>> On Sun, 8 Aug 2010 11:14:12 -0500, Antonio Olivares
>>  wrote:
>>> It does not work.  When I try to login I see:
>>>
>>> -bash:  [ !:  command not found
>>>
>>> I switch it to if statement suggested before for .login, but it
>>> returns same error.
>>
>> Very strange; I've checked that in bash's dialog mode, and it
>> seems to work properly. If it really doesn't work, you can use
>> the test program instead of [.
>>
>>  if test ! -f /tmp/.X0-lock; then
>>  /usr/local/bin/startx
>>  fi
>>
>> I've checked this in bash's dialog mode, it works.
>>
>>
>> --
>> Polytropon
>> Magdeburg, Germany
>> Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
>> Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
>>
>
> Have changed it, now when I start machine I am logged in as root
>
> grullahighschool#
>
> I wonder what I did
>
> /etc/gettytab
>
> ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty autologin"   cons25  on  secure
>
> /etc/ttys
>
> autologin:\
>:al=olivares:ht:np:sp#115200:
>
> Might it be that there were two lines
> in /etc/gettytab
>
> ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc"   cons25  on  secure
>
> and
>
> ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty autologin"   cons25  on  secure
>
> and I removed the top one with "Pc" and left the one below?
>
> Thank you for your help/advice, I am almost there.
>
> Regards,
>
> Antonio
>

Update:

I modified the top line to contain :
 ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc"   cons25  on  secure
and
at the very end added one with
 ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty autologin"   cons25  on  secure

and sadlyI get

Aug 8 12:07:58 grullahighschool init:  getty repeating too quickly on
port /dev/ttyv0, sleeping 30 secs

Then I get login prompt :(  again.  What could be going wrong ?

Regards,

Antonio
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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Polytropon]

On Sun, 8 Aug 2010 13:02:48 -0500, Antonio Olivares  
wrote:
> Have changed it, now when I start machine I am logged in as root
> 
> grullahighschool#
> 
> I wonder what I did

So that's REALLY strange...



> /etc/gettytab
> 
> ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty autologin"   cons25  on  secure

Change "autologin" to something else; near the file's end there is
already such a name - just to avoid interferences.

Make sure you have /etc/gettytab in the following format (tested,
and working):

# File header
# ...

default:\
:cb:ce:ck:lc:fd#1000:im=\r\n%s/%m (%h) (%t)\r\n\r\n:sp#1200:\
:if=/etc/issue:

autologin:\
:al=olivares:tc=Pc:

#
# Fixed speed entries
#  file continues here .

In this case, "olivares" is both the name of the user to log in
automatically AND the name of the autologin-purpose profile. The
user has to exist, of course.




> Might it be that there were two lines
> in /etc/gettytab
> 
> ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc"   cons25  on  secure
> 
> and
> 
> ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty autologin"   cons25  on  secure
> 
> and I removed the top one with "Pc" and left the one below?

Seems to be interfering...

In /etc/ttys, use this format:

ttyv0   "/usr/libexec/getty olivares"   cons25  on   secure

Make sure the line regarding X is off:

ttyv8   "/usr/X11R6/bin/xdm -nodaemon"  xterm   off  secure





-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Polytropon]

On Sun, 8 Aug 2010 13:10:01 -0500, Antonio Olivares  
wrote:
> Update:
> 
> I modified the top line to contain :
>  ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc"   cons25  on  secure
> and
> at the very end added one with
>  ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty autologin"   cons25  on  secure
> 
> and sadlyI get
> 
> Aug 8 12:07:58 grullahighschool init:  getty repeating too quickly on
> port /dev/ttyv0, sleeping 30 secs
> 
> Then I get login prompt :(  again.  What could be going wrong ?

You have TWO definitions for ttyv0 now, you only need ONE.

ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty autologin"   cons25  on  secure

is the line you want. Just comment out the other one. And make
sure the xdm line is set to "off".


-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: Connection Bandwidth Metering?

[Matthew Seaman]

On 08/08/2010 19:04:18, Chris Telting wrote:
> I have my own Virtual Private Server (VPS) and was wondering what is the
> most straightforward to meter my own connection?

It depends on exactly what type of VPS you have.  If it's a Xen domU
host, or running under VMWare or VirtualBox, then it should be fairly
simple to access the byte counters kept by the network interfaces --
SNMP is the obvious way to do it -- or you can use firewall rules to
match various different types of traffic and keep counters that way.

Then you'll need to run a cron job that grabs this data and saves it
away at regular intervals -- every 5 minutes is fairly typical.

You can then calculate the average bandwidth usage for a 5 minute
sampling period by working out the difference between two adjacent
samples (ie. no of bytes sent/received during that 5 minutes) and then
multiply by 8 / (5 * 60) to get the result in bits/s

You'll have to work out how to deal with missing samples, with the
counters rolling over and with counters being set to zero at reboot,
puls storing a reasonable number of samples for doing your calculations
in an efficient way; all of which suggests that simply using one of the
available graphing programs would probably save you a deal of effort.

If your VPS is more like a FreeBSD jail, then you may need the
cooperation of whoever controls the host system to produce appropriate
stats.

> I would like to email notices to myself of excessive bandwidth usage as
> well as take steps that limit a DOS attack or Slashdot effect on the
> webserver.  I would also like the metering to be persistent as possible
> across reboots.  Not really looking for full logging or to do graphs
> yet, just want the current metered bandwidth.

What counts as 'excessive'? Bandwidth usage tends by it's nature to be
pretty bursty.  A common billing method is to calculate the 95%
percentile rate over a month -- ie. order the per-5minute bandwidth
samples from largest to smallest, discard the top 5% and then charge you
for the next highest value.  Use 1Mb/s for 4.999% of the time, and
20kb/s the rest, and you'll only be charged for 20kb/s.  Use 1Mb/s for
5.001% of the time, and you'll be charged for 1Mb/s for the whole month.

Very tricky to put together an alerting system that behaves
intelligently under such conditions, and that doesn't send you hundreds
of false alarms

However, you can use QoS bandwidth shaping to prevent your ever using up
too much bandwidth.  See dummynet(4) {use with ipfw} or altq(4) {use
with pf}.  These work to some extent by delaying traffic so that
instantaneous bandwidth usage stays within some preset bounds.  You can
also arrange to reserve bandwidth for other services than your
webserver, which helps with the Slashdot effect.

Cheers,

Matthew

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Re: Gnus issue in FreeBSD

[Ashish SHUKLA]

Carl Johnson writes:

[...]

> How do you sync the mailboxes together?  That sounds like something
> that could be useful for my configuration.  Actually I am trying to
> move my old mail from Linux to FreeBSD, but syncing might be an easier
> way to handle moving it.

I use following sh script to synchronize my mailbox stuff which includes
Maildirs, Gnus configuration, procmail configuration, mairix db, etc.

#v+
#!/bin/sh

cwd=$(pwd)

cd
for i in .newsrc .newsrc.eld .newsrc~ .newsrc.eld~ .newsrc-dribble~ .gnus 
.gnus.elc .procmailrc mail/ .maildir/ .mutt/ Mail/ News/ .mairix/; do
if [ -d ${i} ]; then cd ${i} ; fi
rsync -rvzdlt --delete /disks/bsd-home/${USER}/${i} .
if [ -d $HOME/${i} ]; then cd ; fi
done
cd ${cwd}
#v-

HTH
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freebsd.org!ashish | http://people.freebsd.org/~ashish/

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Re: Emacs gnus in 8.1 not reading email

[Ashish SHUKLA]

Carl Johnson writes:
> Anonymous  writes:

>> Carl Johnson  writes:
>> 
>>> I am experimenting with 8.1 in VirtualBox, but I discovered that I
>>> can't get gnus to work.  I just brought over my configuration from a
>>> working 7.3 system, but on 8.1 it won't read the mail from the
>>> system.  Gnus will start up, but it just reports that there is no
>>> mail.  It did work one time with a couple of test messages, but I have
>>> never gotten it to repeat since then.
>>> 
>>> I tried sending a couple of messages and they show up in my system
>>> mailbox.  I also tried reading my system mail with the command line
>>> mail program and emacs rmail to verify that the system is handling
>>> mail properly.  I also tried using a blank .gnus file and there was no
>>> change.  I verified with my 7.3 system that gnus will at least read
>>> mail with a blank .gnus file.
>> 
>> Try without ~/.newsrc.eld. BTW, what backend do you use for reading mail?
>> nnmaildir?

> I just tried it, but there was no difference.  I use nnml for the
> backend, but that is the same for my other test and normal systems.
> Thanks for the suggestion anyways.

So, Gnus is not able to read from mail spool, i.e. /var/mail/$USER, right ?
Can you post your .gnus ?

HTH
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Re: misc/149335: shell script runs on Linux but not on freebsd

[Oliver Fromme]

Paul  wrote:
 > Thanks Oliver 
 > I can just get the i386 vmware version and should install and run.
 > Last question is there a x86_64 bit Linux module?

No, unfortunately x86_64 linux binaries are not supported.

 > Is one I'm development?

I'm afraid I don't know.  I suggest you try asking in the
freebsd-emulat...@freebsd.org mailing list.

Best regards
   Oliver

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Re: File System Performance on FreeBSD

[Mihai Donțu]

On Sunday 08 August 2010 20:55:40 Antonio Vieiro wrote:
> I don't mind if a filesystem is very fast: I want it to be reliable
> first. I wonder if that Phoronix test suite checks for reliability first
> or not.

https://ext4.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Ext4_Howto#Barriers_on_by_default

Since it has been declared stable, the performance of ext4 has dropped due to 
various reliability fixes, culminating with the making of write barriers a 
default.

More info here: http://lwn.net/Articles/283161/

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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Antonio Olivares]

On 8/8/10, Polytropon  wrote:
> On Sun, 8 Aug 2010 13:10:01 -0500, Antonio Olivares
>  wrote:
>> Update:
>>
>> I modified the top line to contain :
>>  ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc"   cons25  on  secure
>> and
>> at the very end added one with
>>  ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty autologin"   cons25  on  secure
>>
>> and sadlyI get
>>
>> Aug 8 12:07:58 grullahighschool init:  getty repeating too quickly on
>> port /dev/ttyv0, sleeping 30 secs
>>
>> Then I get login prompt :(  again.  What could be going wrong ?
>
> You have TWO definitions for ttyv0 now, you only need ONE.
>
>   ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty autologin"   cons25  on  secure
>
> is the line you want. Just comment out the other one. And make
> sure the xdm line is set to "off".
>
>
> --

Polytropon,

Thank you for your patience and your help.  I deleted the last line
instead of commenting it out and changed autologin to test, and voila,
it worked.   The suggestions for the hostname also worked beautifully
:)


The following changes made it work:
/*

In
/etc/gettytab

ttyv0 "/usr/libexec/getty test"   cons25  on  secure
and removed the other line that had the same execpt for test/autologin(had Pc)

In
/etc/ttys

test:\
  :al=olivares:ht:np:sp#115200:

changed that word autologin to test and it made the difference.

I cannot thank you enough for helping me with this issue.  You made
the difference between a *frustrated FreeBSD* to a *Happy and enjoying
FreeBSD" user :)

Now, I have more than one machine running FreeBSD successfully and
with different desktops.  Polytropon, thanks a million for your help.

Regards,

Antonio
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helping

[Kamil Nowacki]

installed FreeBSD on VirtualPC but I have a problem with configuring
Internet dhpc normally gets the ip address and the address of the router but
when I introduce portsnap fetch HQ to download files I do not want to
download by failed and when I go back to the configuration of the Internet
in sysinstall is a ip address 255.255.255.0 and disappears and it is still
several times reinstalled FreeBSD


Zainstalowałem freeBSD na VirtualPC ale mam problem z skonfigurowaniem
internetu dhpc normalnie pobiera adres ip i adres routera ale gdy wprowadzam
Komendę portsnap fetch do pobrania plików nie chce mi pobierać pisze failed
i gdy wchodzę znów do konfiguracji internetu w sysinstall to adres ip i
255.255.255.0 znika i to ciągle przeinstalowałem freeBSD kilka razy
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Re: mercurial port broken?

[Sahil Tandon]

On Sat, 2010-08-07 at 13:51:29 -0700, Chip Camden wrote:

> Looks the same to me.  A message went out on freebsd-ports@ that the port
> is broken and will be fixed in a couple of days:

There is a preliminary patch with which you can experiment until the
port is fixed in the tree:

 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/cvs-ports/2010-August/200063.html

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Re: helping

[Michael Powell]

Kamil Nowacki wrote:

> installed FreeBSD on VirtualPC but I have a problem with configuring
> Internet dhpc normally gets the ip address and the address of the router
> but when I introduce portsnap fetch HQ to download files I do not want to
> download by failed and when I go back to the configuration of the Internet
> in sysinstall is a ip address 255.255.255.0 and disappears and it is still
> several times reinstalled FreeBSD
> 
[snip]

I do not know anything about VirtualPC, but I have used VirtualBox for some 
time and if the two are similar enough what works with VBox may also apply, 
with minor variations.

The nominal default install of VirtualBox provides a virtual NAT and DHCP 
services to the guest OS. The virtual network card that it is simulating 
needs to be known, so the correct network card driver can be selected. In 
VirtualBox the default is AMD PCNet FAST III, but one may also select a 
variant of Intel PRo/1000 as well. This is the NIC that the guest OS will be 
using. Since the driver (em) is included already in the default FreeBSD 
kernel a good choice would be the Intel PRO/1000 MT which is simulating an 
82540.

In any event, you will need to discover the virtual network card being 
presented to the guest OS. The command dmesg may help. An example based on 
the above Intel adapter would look like this:

In your /etc/rc.conf file place the following:

ifconfig_em0="DHCP"

That is all you need to do. Replace the "em" part with the driver that 
corresponds to the driver required for whichever network interface VirtualPC 
is presenting to the guest OS. For example, a very common Realtek 10/100 
might look like: ifconfig_rl0="DHCP" - rl is the name of the driver needed 
for the Realtek 8139-based family of adapters.

When you boot the guest, it should initialize the adapter via DHCP. What I 
do not know is if VirtualPC is providing these NAT and DHCP services to the 
guest OS in a manner similar to VirtualBox. If it does this info will work.

-Mike



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Re: misc/149335: shell script runs on Linux but not on freebsd

[Paul Lambert]

Oliver,

I was well on my way of installing VMware-Player for i386 linux on FreeBSD
until I encountered these error messages.

Aug  8 20:44:09 BRSINC-VM02 kernel: linux: pid 12889 (dd): ioctl fd=0,
cmd=0x6d02 ('m',2) is not implemented
Aug  8 20:44:09 BRSINC-VM02 kernel: linux: pid 12896 (dd): ioctl fd=0,
cmd=0x6d02 ('m',2) is not implemented

The install script extracted the installer and began installing the rpms.  I
have attached the verbose output file.

At this point should this be considered a linux emulator bug and reported as
such?

Paul


On Sun, Aug 8, 2010 at 3:50 PM, Oliver Fromme wrote:

> Paul  wrote:
>  > Thanks Oliver
>  > I can just get the i386 vmware version and should install and run.
>  > Last question is there a x86_64 bit Linux module?
>
> No, unfortunately x86_64 linux binaries are not supported.
>
>  > Is one I'm development?
>
> I'm afraid I don't know.  I suggest you try asking in the
> freebsd-emulat...@freebsd.org mailing list.
>
> Best regards
>   Oliver
>
> --
> Oliver Fromme, secnetix GmbH & Co. KG, Marktplatz 29, 85567 Grafing b. M.
> Handelsregister: Registergericht Muenchen, HRA 74606,  Geschäftsfuehrung:
> secnetix Verwaltungsgesellsch. mbH, Handelsregister: Registergericht Mün-
> chen, HRB 125758,  Geschäftsführer: Maik Bachmann, Olaf Erb, Ralf Gebhart
>
> FreeBSD-Dienstleistungen, -Produkte und mehr:  http://www.secnetix.de/bsd
>
> "anyone new to programming should be kept as far from C++ as
> possible;  actually showing the stuff should be considered a
> criminal offence" -- Jacek Generowicz
>

BRSINC-VM02# /compat/linux/bin/bash -vx VMware-Player-3.1.0-261024.i386.bundle
#!/usr/bin/env bash
#
# VMware Installer Launcher
#
# This is the executable stub to check if the VMware Installer Service
# is installed and if so, launch it.  If it is not installed, the
# attached payload is extracted, the VMIS is installed, and the VMIS
# is launched to install the bundle as normal.

# Architecture this bundle was built for (x86 or x64)
ARCH=x86
+ ARCH=x86

if [ -z "$BASH" ]; then
   # $- expands to the current options so things like -x get passed through
   if [ ! -z "$-" ]; then
  opts="-$-"
   fi

   # dash flips out of $opts is quoted, so don't.
   exec /usr/bin/env bash $opts "$0" "$@"
   echo "Unable to restart with bash shell"
   exit 1
fi
+ '[' -z /compat/linux/bin/bash ']'

set -e
+ set -e

ETCDIR=/etc/vmware-installer
+ ETCDIR=/etc/vmware-installer
OLDETCDIR="/etc/vmware"
+ OLDETCDIR=/etc/vmware

### Offsets ###
# These are offsets that are later used relative to EOF.
FOOTER_SIZE=52
+ FOOTER_SIZE=52

# This won't work with non-GNU stat.
FILE_SIZE=`stat --format "%s" "$0"`
stat --format "%s" "$0"
++ stat --format %s VMware-Player-3.1.0-261024.i386.bundle
+ FILE_SIZE=106519865
offset=$(($FILE_SIZE - 4))
+ offset=106519861

MAGIC_OFFSET=$offset
+ MAGIC_OFFSET=106519861
offset=$(($offset - 4))
+ offset=106519857

CHECKSUM_OFFSET=$offset
+ CHECKSUM_OFFSET=106519857
offset=$(($offset - 4))
+ offset=106519853

VERSION_OFFSET=$offset
+ VERSION_OFFSET=106519853
offset=$(($offset - 4))
+ offset=106519849

PREPAYLOAD_OFFSET=$offset
+ PREPAYLOAD_OFFSET=106519849
offset=$(($offset - 4))
+ offset=106519845

PREPAYLOAD_SIZE_OFFSET=$offset
+ PREPAYLOAD_SIZE_OFFSET=106519845
offset=$(($offset - 4))
+ offset=106519841

LAUNCHER_SIZE_OFFSET=$offset
+ LAUNCHER_SIZE_OFFSET=106519841
offset=$(($offset - 4))
+ offset=106519837

PAYLOAD_OFFSET=$offset
+ PAYLOAD_OFFSET=106519837
offset=$(($offset - 4))
+ offset=106519833

PAYLOAD_SIZE_OFFSET=$offset
+ PAYLOAD_SIZE_OFFSET=106519833
offset=$(($offset - 4))
+ offset=106519829

# Rest of the offsets ommitted

### End offsets ###

# Short name (ie, vmware-workstation).  This isn't technically correct
# since there could be multiple product components in a bundle.
PRODUCT_NAME=vmware-player
+ PRODUCT_NAME=vmware-player

# Called when the script exits
#
# Arguments:
#None
#
# Side effects:
#- VMIS_TEMP and PREPAYLOAD is removed unless VMIS_KEEP_TEMP is set
on_exit() {
   if [ -e "$VMIS_TEMP" -a -z "$VMIS_KEEP_TEMP" ]; then
  rm -rf "$VMIS_TEMP"
   fi

   if [ -e "$PREPAYLOAD" -a -z "$VMIS_KEEP_TEMP" ]; then
  rm -rf "$PREPAYLOAD"
   fi
}

trap on_exit EXIT
+ trap on_exit EXIT
trap "" USR1
+ trap '' USR1

# Retrives and sets the various lengths that are extracted from the
# footer of the file.
#
# Arguments:
#$1 => bundle to get the lengths from
#
# Side effects:
#- MAGIC_NUMBER, LAUNCHER_SIZE, and PAYLOAD_SIZE are set.
#
# Returns:
#0 if successful, else 1
set_lengths() {
   local file="$1"
   if [ ! -s "$file" ]; then
  echo "$file does not exist"
  exit 1
   fi

   # XXX: put extraction in its own function
   MAGIC_NUMBER=`od -An -t u4 -N 4 -j $MAGIC_OFFSET "$file" | tr -d ' '`

   if [ "$MAGIC_NUMBER" != "907380241" ]; then
  echo "magic number does not match"
  exit 1
   fi

   LAUNCHER_SIZE=`od -An -t u4 -N 4 -j $LAUNCHER_SIZE_OFFSET "$file" | tr -d ' 
'`
   PAYLOAD_SIZE=`od -An -t u4 -N 4 -j $PAYLO

Re: Typical Network Performance

[Jason C. Wells]

Seems like someone else got their question answered, but I was able to 
make use of the tips that were provided.  win-win.  Thanks for the pointers.


By process of elimination (swap cables, swap ports, try different host 
pairs) I was able to discover that a single server on my home LAN was 
getting about 1.6% performance compared to other servers getting 94% 
performance using the 'dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=1 | nc servername 
2000' technique. netstat -I on the errant server reports no errors.


What would be the next step to figuring out why this host's network 
performance is slow?


Regards,
Jason C. Wells
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Re: Gnus issue in FreeBSD

[Carl Johnson]

ash...@freebsd.org (Ashish SHUKLA) writes:

> Carl Johnson writes:
>
...
>
> I use following sh script to synchronize my mailbox stuff which includes
> Maildirs, Gnus configuration, procmail configuration, mairix db, etc.
>
...

Thanks, I'll have to think about that.
-- 
Carl Johnsonca...@peak.org

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Re: Emacs gnus in 8.1 not reading email

[Carl Johnson]

ash...@freebsd.org (Ashish SHUKLA) writes:

> Carl Johnson writes:
>> Anonymous  writes:
...
>
>>> Try without ~/.newsrc.eld. BTW, what backend do you use for reading mail?
>>> nnmaildir?
>
>> I just tried it, but there was no difference.  I use nnml for the
>> backend, but that is the same for my other test and normal systems.
>> Thanks for the suggestion anyways.
>
> So, Gnus is not able to read from mail spool, i.e. /var/mail/$USER, right ?
> Can you post your .gnus ?

The problem was that I somehow got into the agent unplugged mode, but
everything started working when I figured that out.  I previously
posted a little more information as a response to my original post, so
that should be in the archives.

Thanks for your reply.
-- 
Carl Johnsonca...@peak.org

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Backing up video DVDs?

[Depo Catcher]

I have 100+ physical DVDs that I would copy to disk (for fast easy 
access and backup purposes).  Is there any software in ports that will 
make a good copy of the dvd?

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Re: ANNOUNCE: Custom 64bit FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE with XFCE packages released

[Ian Smith]

In freebsd-questions Digest, Vol 322, Issue 16, Message: 14
On Sun, 8 Aug 2010 17:44:36 +0200 Polytropon  wrote:
 > On Sun, 8 Aug 2010 10:33:30 -0500, Antonio Olivares 
 >  wrote:
 > > This is it I guess.  I chose bash shell and the default schell is the csh.
 > > 
 > > There is a file called .login in my home directory
 > > /home/olivares/.login which has:
 > > 
 > > $ $FreeBSD:  src/share/skel/dot.login,v 1.17.2.1.5.1 2010/06/14
 > > 02:09:06 kensmith
 > > Exp %
 > > #
 > > # .login - csh login script, read by login shell after '.cshrc' at login.
 > > #
 > > # see also csh(1), environ(7),
 > > #
 > > if (-x /usr/games/fortune ) /usr/games/fortune freebsd-tips
 > > if [! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ]; then
 > >   /usr/local/bin/startx
 > > fi

Hi,

I don't know if Antonio is still using that syntax in later versions but 
the '[' (test) command requires a space between '[' and arguments, ie in 
either csh, sh or bash (though I only tend to use csh interactively) the 
syntax '[!' doesn't work .. perhaps that's what produces the message:

 > > -bash:  [ !:  command not found

mentioned in later messages?  Some tests:

smithi on sola% sh -c '[ ! -f /etc/hosts ] && echo "hosts not found" || echo 
"hosts found"'
hosts found
smithi on sola% sh -c '[! -f /etc/hosts ] && echo "hosts not found" || echo 
"hosts found"'
[!: not found
hosts found
smithi on sola% bash -c '[ ! -f /etc/hosts ] && echo "hosts not found" || echo 
"hosts found"'
hosts found
smithi on sola% bash -c '[! -f /etc/hosts ] && echo "hosts not found" || echo 
"hosts found"'
bash: [!: command not found
hosts found

Of course 'hosts found' is a misleading response for the '[!' tests; it 
just means that the test command failed.  With a non-existing file:

smithi on sola% sh -c '[ ! -f /etc/boo ] && echo "boo not found" || echo "boo 
found"'
boo not found
smithi on sola% sh -c '[! -f /etc/boo ] && echo "boo not found" || echo "boo 
found"'
[!: not found
boo found
smithi on sola% bash -c '[ ! -f /etc/boo ] && echo "boo not found" || echo "boo 
found"'
boo not found
smithi on sola% bash -c '[! -f /etc/boo ] && echo "boo not found" || echo "boo 
found"'
bash: [!: command not found
boo found

Again 'boo found' just means the '[' (test) command failed; '[!' is bad.

 > > and it clearly says that is for 'csh login', so I would need something 
 > > else?
 > 
 > Yes. According to "man bash", section "INVOCATION", mentiones
 > other file names: Bash reads and executes ~/.bash_profile,
 > ~/.bash_login, and ~/.profile (in that order), so you can
 > add the line "[ ! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ] && startx" (short form
 > is completely okay and valid) at the end of ~/.bash_login -
 > or also .profile, but it makes more sense in putting it into
 > something related to "login" rather than a "profile", but
 > that's debatable semantics. :-)

I'm not really sure about that; even at the very end of ~/.bash_profile 
running startx (a script that doesn't exit till you quit X) might be a 
bit dodgy, ie does bash expect sourcing ~/.bash_profile to return 
immediately?  I guess Antonio might have to see which of those work.

The debian system I look after doesn't have any .bash_login files; apart 
from the system-wide files in /etc (best untouched) most of the business 
is done in ~/.bashrc, invoked for interactive shells by ~/.bash_profile,
but I'm unsure whether the login shell (that doesn't use ~/.bashrc) then 
invokes an interactive shell (that does) or what .. man bash is awful :)

 > The line "[ ! -f /tmp/.X0-lock ] && startx" is correct C shell,
 > sh (Bourne) and bash syntax.

It is - but only with that space after '[' - and of course before ']'

HTH, Ian
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Re: Typical Network Performance

[perryh]

"Jason C. Wells"  wrote:
> By process of elimination (swap cables, swap ports, try different
> host pairs) I was able to discover that a single server on my home
> LAN was getting about 1.6% performance compared to other servers
> getting 94%
...
> What would be the next step to figuring out why this host's network
> performance is slow?

My next step would be to check whether this host and its hub/switch
port agree on speed and duplex -- occasionally some combination
of netcard phy and switch type gets the negotiation wrong.  Duplex
mismatch, in particular, can have huge performance impact.
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