(no subject)

[Misha Pupkin]

Excuse for my English.

Pair ideas for promotion FreeBSD!
1)
Everyone search for a place in the organization desktop on base 
FreeBSD

Probably, it is necessary to use as follows
On one computer to force to work at once some monitors, some keyboards 
and mouses.
To whom it is necessary to those can work in a word-processor to you 
OpenOffice, who on the Internet please Firefox, etc. if needs to get 
access up to MS products (for example Navision) that please rDesktop.

It is possible to save on licenses and on hardware!
2)
The distributed{allocated} calculations to make the standard decision
I.e. all network as one computer! This a chesspiece! MS before will 
not reach never. I.e. if not capacity that suffices buy one more 
machine both put anywhere and you will receive result.

3)
Then so the idea to not compete with MS and to be in its{her} current 
i.e.
To not try to replace MS Server, and to do{make} back Domen. To 
do{make} Net Share.

4)
Then one more problem will be never solved windows by systems. It not 
effective utilization HDD, i.e. a minimum now hdd on 40Gb, Windows c 
the maximum borrows{occupies} with programs 10Gb, i.e. 30 stands idle! 
And if at me the park of 50 machines that is received 30х50 = 1500Gb 
decent space, naturally effective from them will be likely 500Gb but 
too it is not bad! To use it it is possible for additional backups and 
personal needs where it is not required to raised{increased} 
reliability. Though it is possible to organize network RAID.

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Re: Any issue having multiple sound cards running at the same time in 6.1?

[matti k]

On Tue, 29 Aug 2006 18:09:48 -0500 (CDT)
Philip Hallstrom <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Hi all -
> 
> I've got a freebsd server in the garage that has a low end
> soundblaster (I think) card in it that I've been using to play
> music.  Works just fine. We moved and now I'd like to be able to have
> different music play in different rooms (living, family, and
> outside).  I can do all the other wiring for speakers...
> 
> But was wondering if there are any problems having three sound cards
> in the box and have them all work at the same time.  I'm currently
> using flac123 to play music and would probably continue to do so...
> 
> Thoughts?

I've had 3 sound cards running simultaneously, playing differnet mp3's
and OGG's using 3 instances of xmms. From memory I ran it for about an
hour before i pulled the plug.
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Advertising opportunity on http://www.freebsd.org

[Elizabeth Sherry]

Hi,
   
  My name is Liz and I am an Internet Advertising Coordinator for a marketing 
company located in California.  
   
  We are engaged in an advertising campaign for our clients, and found your 
site, http://www.freebsd.org/old/ports/games.html to be a great match for our 
needs.
   
  At the moment, we are not looking for banner advertisements.  Do you have 
flexibility with your advertising programs?  If you do, please don’t hesitate 
to contact me and I’ll explain more about what I’m looking for.  
   
  Also, if you have any advertising information available including rates, I’d 
appreciate it if you could include those in your reply.
   
  Thank you for your time and attention and I hope to hear from you soon. 
   
  Sincerely, 
   
  (Liz)
  Advertising Coordinator
  ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
  Merger Marketing
  Sun Valley, CA
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Re: linux-firefox

[Boris Samorodov]

On Wed, 30 Aug 2006 17:59:17 -0400 Pete C wrote:

> did a 'make install' for linux-firefox I got an error that
> libXfixes.so.3 (as part of linux-glib2, IIRC) could not be found . . .
> after some googling and a few bad leads for some reason I did another
> make install and got no errors . . . but now linux-firefox won't run
> because libXfixes.so.3 is missing . . .

> Any clues appreciated . . .

Did you read /usr/ports/UPDATING (20060616: AFFECTS users of
emulation/linux_base-*)?


WBR
-- 
Boris Samorodov (bsam)
Research Engineer, http://www.ipt.ru Telephone & Internet SP
FreeBSD committer, http://www.FreeBSD.org The Power To Serve
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Re: who do you install freebsd without sysinstall?

[Ruslan Ermilov]

[ added freebsd-questios@ ]

On Thu, Aug 31, 2006 at 02:08:59AM +0200, Thomas Vogt wrote:
> Hello
> 
> In this emails 
>  you 
> wrote that you don't install freebsd with sysinstall. May I ask you how you 
> do this? Maybe in some way like this: 
> ?
> 
> I'm just curious.
> 
Plenty of options, depending on the available environment and
needs.

1) Add a spare disk to an existing FreeBSD box, and populate
   it using installworld/installkernel/distribution targets
   and specifying DESTDIR pointing to a mounted spare disk.

2) Boot from live-system on CD-ROM, prepare and partition the
   disk(s), install distributions manually through install.sh
   scripts.

3) Boot from live-system on CD-ROM, prepare and partition the
   disk(s), CVSup, build/install from sources.

4) Boot in a PXE/TFTP/NFS diskless environment (details are
   in the Handbook), install distributions using a shell
   script as above.  Distributions may come from either
   remote CD-ROM media, or be prepared by "make release"
   and made available over NFS to diskless clients.
   A modification of this approach includes a mass deployment
   option that involves writing (relatively simple) local
   installation scripts that automate the tasks.

Many other options...


Cheers,
-- 
Ruslan Ermilov
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
FreeBSD committer


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Description: PGP signature

Re: Any suggestion regarding /DEV wipe out on freebsd 4.7?

[Nikos Vassiliadis]

On Thursday 31 August 2006 09:29, babak badaei wrote:
> Hello,
>
> A few days ago I was not able to log into my machine using SSH. I got this
> following message "Server refused to allocate pty". I was, somewhat
> fortunately, able to log using SCP. So SCP works. The file system looked
> good for the most part; until I checked out "/DEV". Almost everything was
> GONE! Including MAKEDEV. Not sure what to do.
>
> Possible clue: Before this happened, last time I was actually logged in via
> SSH, I ran a dropdb command on one of my postgres databases and got an
> error message saying I did not have permission to "/DEV/NULL". Not sure
> what to do, I set permissions to allow write on "NULL". I have done
> "dropdb" many times before and had never seen that message.
>
> If anyone has any clue as do how I may restore /DEV; or how this could have
> happened. I would appreciate your input. I am running freeBSD 4.7 with 2GB
> of memory on an Intel Xeon machine. Only thing left in /DEV is a file for
> each harddrive partition.
>
> Thanks!
>

According to a 4.10-something box I have, the only plain
files in /dev/ are MAKEDEV and MAKEDEV.local. So, get a
fresh copy from cvs and then create the devices you need(
man MAKEDEV if you don't know how to do this).

cvs -d [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/home/ncvs checkout \
-r RELENG_4_7_0_RELEASE src/etc/MAKEDEV src/etc/MAKEDEV.local

HTH, nikos
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Re: Mounting Linux Procfs at Boot

[Boris Samorodov]

On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 00:22:03 +0100 RW wrote:
> On Wednesday 30 August 2006 21:55, Gerard Seibert wrote:
> > RW wrote:
> > > What's the canonical way of mounting the Linux procfs at boot-time?
> > >
> > > I've seen several recommendations to add the following to fstab:
> > >
> > > linproc/compat/linux/proc  linprocfs rw  0  0
> > >
> > > But in a standard installation, this mount-point is really under /usr,
> > > which isn't mounted until pass 2. If I change the pass number to 2, it
> > > fails with an "unexpected inconsistencies" error. I presume this is
> > > because mount is trying to fsck it, and failing to find fsck_linprocfs.
> >
> > This is what I have in my /etc/fstab file:
> >
> > linprocfs /compat/linux/proc  linprocfs rw   00
> >
> > Is this what you are referring to?

> I tried it and it didn't work. Irrespective of whether it should begin 
> linproc
> or linprocfs,  /compat is a link to /usr/compat, and /usr isn't mounted at 
> that point. Do you have a different arrangement?

Can't confirm that the problem exists:
$ uname -a
FreeBSD srv.sem.ipt.ru 6.1-STABLE FreeBSD 6.1-STABLE #2: Wed May 17 23:26:59 
MSD 2006 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/SRV  i386

But what do you mean "/usr isn't mounted at that point?". Have you
read man fstab?

> BTW I'm running 6.1 (upgraded from an original 5.3 install)

Usually an output of "uname -a" is much more informative here. 6.1 may
mean release, release + security patches, stable... And a platform
also is of interest here.


WBR
-- 
Boris Samorodov (bsam)
Research Engineer, http://www.ipt.ru Telephone & Internet SP
FreeBSD committer, http://www.FreeBSD.org The Power To Serve
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Re: SMP detection

[Jordi Carrillo]

2006/8/31, Skylar Thompson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:


Michal Mertl wrote:
> No! Kernel threads (e.g. handling interrupts) aren't that much different
> to normal processes.
>
> Logical CPUs on a single HTT capable CPU share most of the CPU logic,
> especially all the external stuff (handling interrupts). Scheduling
> handling of interrupts on the "secondary/logical" core  wouldn't
> probably help performance at all (if that is at all possible).
>

Could you clarify note 20031022 in /usr/src/UPDATING? It states that HTT
CPUs are used for interrupts if they are detected, even if they aren't
used by regular processes. Was this something that just showed up in
pre-6.x releases?

--
-- Skylar Thompson ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
-- http://www.cs.earlham.edu/~skylar/




Another question that's wondering me is why FreeBSD with the SMP kernel

the gnome system monitor (Applications->System Tools->System Monitor) only
shows one CPU when Linux with a SMP kernel shows two CPUs


--
http://jordilin.wordpress.com
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Mirroring: gvinum or gmirror?

[Jonathan McKeown]

I'm setting up a remote server with two identical hard drives, running 
FreeBSD-6.1. I want to set the drives up as a mirror for data redundancy. I 
also want to be able to break the mirror when I need to update the OS or 
installed software, so that if anything goes wrong with the update on one 
drive I can boot back to the other one, or if all is well, re-establish the 
mirror and synchronise to the updated system. I have serial console access 
including BIOS console redirection.

Based on web and Usenet/mailing list searches, gmirror looks more 
straightforward for this simple case, gvinum more flexible but poorly 
documented, and the most recent comments I can find (still all 6+ months ago) 
seem to suggest that gvinum hasn't completely stabilised for production yet.

Is this a fair assessment? Are there any factors I've missed? Which solution 
is likely to suit the situation better?

Jonathan
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Re: 6.1 current instabilty on Sun Ultra 40's

[stan]

On Thu, Aug 31, 2006 at 02:44:28PM +1000, Norberto Meijome wrote:
> On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 00:01:07 -0400
> stan <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> > On that disk is a world, built from last weekends cvsup. I was able
> > to reproduce it's instability to build a generic kernel. It fails with
> > a signal (I believe) 11,
> 
> fair enough :) 
> 
> btw, from past experience, sig_fault 11 usually points to faulty hardware
> (usually RAM...) - haven't found them much on BSD, but i'd get them all the
> time when using lesser hardware on linux (building kernel was a standard way 
> to
> test the hardware back then) but since you've ruled out hardware... i dont
> know what else :)
> 
I agree, that's one of the reasons it took me so long to decide to shut the
production machine down to verify whether it _was_ hardware or not. I was
extermely disapointed when I was able to reproduce the problem on known
good hardware, as the unit i'm trying to put FreeBSD on is still under
waranty.

I don't really know how to go about creating a reproducable enough problem
that is simple enough to submit a bug report, so I supose my only option is
to find another use for this machine. too bad, beacuse I can easily buy
yese machines, which isn't always the case in a corporate environment.

-- 
Unix is very simple, but it takes a genius to understand the simplicity.
(Dennis Ritchie)
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Re: Mounting Linux Procfs at Boot

[Gerard Seibert]

Boris Samorodov wrote:

> > I tried it and it didn't work. Irrespective of whether it should begin 
> > linproc
> > or linprocfs,  /compat is a link to /usr/compat, and /usr isn't mounted at 
> > that point. Do you have a different arrangement?

Would it be possible to submit the output of 'dmesg' here?

BTW, are you also attempting to load 'proc'?

// fstab //

[...]
proc  /proc procfsrw   00

// * //


-- 
Gerard Seibert
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Think about it: The *average* American has one tit and one testicle.
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Re: Playing Audio CDs

[Viswas Nair]

I use fluxbox :( no kde

On 8/31/06, Andriy Babiy <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


--- Viswas Nair <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I am new to BSD and have mplayer installed
> (Gmplayer) and I do not see the
> option to play an Audio CD, only CDs, files and
> DVDs. How do I get Audio
> CD's to play? Can they be mounted, if so how? Is
> there any
> specific audio alone CD player (GUI based) that you
> suggest?

KsCD in KDE environment. You don't need to mount an AudioCD. Make sure
you connected your CD/DVD device audio output to the sound card.

> Also, whats the most commonly used or popular CD +
> DVD burning software used
> in BSD?

Try k3b. I like it.

> Thanks in advance.

Andriy



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firefox starts up always in the first virtual screen in XFCE

[Markus Hoenicka]

Hi all,

I don't know whether this qualifies as a bug. In any case it is only a mild
annoyance, but if anyone knows how to fix it, please let me know.

I upgraded to FreeBSD 6.1 from 5.4 with all ports updated to the latest about
one week ago. My desktop is XFCE, which is configured with 6 virtual screens.
If you start an X program, its window will pop up in the screen that was active
at that time. This works for all programs except for firefox. The Firefox window
will always pop up in the first virtual screen. I can then move it wherever I
desire, so that's just an inconvenience, but its a clear regression to the
behaviour before I upgraded to 6.1.

Any clues?

regards,
Markus

-- 
Markus Hoenicka
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
(Spam-protected email: replace the quadrupeds with "mhoenicka")
http://www.mhoenicka.de

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Re: SMP detection

[Michal Mertl]

Skylar Thompson wrote:
> Michal Mertl wrote:
> > No! Kernel threads (e.g. handling interrupts) aren't that much different
> > to normal processes.
> >
> > Logical CPUs on a single HTT capable CPU share most of the CPU logic,
> > especially all the external stuff (handling interrupts). Scheduling
> > handling of interrupts on the "secondary/logical" core  wouldn't
> > probably help performance at all (if that is at all possible).
> >   
> 
> Could you clarify note 20031022 in /usr/src/UPDATING? It states that HTT
> CPUs are used for interrupts if they are detected, even if they aren't
> used by regular processes. Was this something that just showed up in
> pre-6.x releases?
> 

I think it means that if an interrupt would for some reason be signalled
to the unused logical core it wouldn't be lost or something.

Michal

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Re: not adding daemons to rc.conf

[Karol Kwiatkowski]

On 31/08/2006 05:25, Daniel Bye wrote:
> On Wed, Aug 30, 2006 at 08:47:06PM -0500, Jonathan Horne wrote:
>> ive noticed that apache can be started manually using the apachectl tool, 
>> even> if it is not enabled in /etc/rc.conf.  do many other daemons have this 
>> ability?  i have a dev server that i would like to not have many things 
>> enabled in the rc.conf, but i would like an easy way to just start specific 
>> daemons when i need.
> 
> There is the "force" modifier which may be of help/interest.  It works
> like this:
> 
>  # /usr/local/etc/rc.d/script forcestart
> 
> This will, well, force the script to run, even if it's not explicitly
> enabled in /etc/rc.conf.

It does more, it will force the script to run even if a daemon is
running. What OP is looking for is 'one' prefix:

# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/script onestart
# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/script onestop

After rc.subr(8) manpage:

--
run_rc_command argument
[...]
force  Skip the checks for rcvar being set to ``YES'', and
   sets rc_force=YES.  This ignores argument_precmd
   returning non-zero, and ignores any of the required_*
   tests failing, and always returns a zero exit status.

oneSkip the checks for rcvar being set to ``YES'', but
   performs all the other prerequisite tests.
--

HTH,

Karol

-- 
Karol Kwiatkowski  
OpenPGP: http://www.orchid.homeunix.org/carlos/gpg/0x06E09309.asc



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6.1 kernel messages

[up]

Having just migrated a server from 4.10-STABLE to 6.1-STABLE, I'm curious
about some kernel messages in dmesg that I hadn't seen before:

asr0: [GIANT-LOCKED]  (adaptec RAID adapter)
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]  (USB driver)
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]  (keyboard driver)

I'm running SMP with 2 CPUs...a quick google shows that some people think
it may be cause for concern but others do not.  Is it?

Then there's this:

acpi0:  on motherboard
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi: bad write to port 0x070 (8), val 0x43
acpi: bad read from port 0x071 (8)

That driver isn't in my kernel which is derived from GENERIC; I found info
on it in PAE:

# Compile acpi in statically since the module isn't built properly.  Most
# machines which support large amounts of memory require acpi.
device  acpi

I only have 1GB of RAM in this server, so can I simply ignore this?

James Smallacombe PlantageNet, Inc. CEO and Janitor
[EMAIL PROTECTED]   
http://3.am
=

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Re: Monitor display problem

[Derek Ragona]

Sorry about my bad typing, I meant eratta.  I would look at
http://www.s3graphics.com/

And look for documentation on issues running X

-Derek


On Thu, 31 Aug 2006, Roger Merritt wrote:


At 08:38 AM 8/30/2006 -0500, Derek Ragona wrote:
I would check the errat on the S3 you are using.  It sounds like there may 
be some kernel/system changes you may need to make since your lockups are 
from going back to text mode from graphics mode.  It is likely some 
conflict this is causing is hardware related.


Yeah, I agree it's hardware related, but I think there's a software solution. 
What's the 'errat' and where/how do I check it?



--
Roger



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Re: firefox starts up always in the first virtual screen in XFCE

[Norberto Meijome]

On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 14:30:05 +0200
Markus Hoenicka <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I upgraded to FreeBSD 6.1 from 5.4 with all ports updated to the latest about
> one week ago. My desktop is XFCE, which is configured with 6 virtual screens.
> If you start an X program, its window will pop up in the screen that was
> active at that time. This works for all programs except for firefox. The
> Firefox window will always pop up in the first virtual screen. I can then
> move it wherever I desire, so that's just an inconvenience, but its a clear
> regression to the behaviour before I upgraded to 6.1.

sounds like a session manager saved "firefox on this desktop"... not sure which
one would do it when you start it up (usually they restore programs on
startup...)

again, i could be completely wrong :D

_
{Beto|Norberto|Numard} Meijome

"In order to avoid being called a flirt, she always yielded easily."
  Charles, Count Talleyrand

I speak for myself, not my employer. Contents may be hot. Slippery when wet.
Reading disclaimers makes you go blind. Writing them is worse. You have been
Warned.
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Re: SMP detection

[backyard]

--- Skylar Thompson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Jordi Carrillo wrote:
> > 2006/8/30, backyard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> --- Jordi Carrillo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >>
> >> > I've read that SMP should be disabled for
> >> > performance issues (I did not know
> >> > that before installing freebsd). I have a P4
> 3GHz
> >> > with hyperthreading
> >> > technology. I have the SMP-GENERIC kernel and
> it
> >> > only launches one cpu. So,
> >> > I've decided to disable SMP from BIOS. Is that
> ok?,
> >> > knowing that I have a
> >> > Smp enabled kernel? or should I install one
> without
> >> > smp? If so, is there a
> >> > way to install one already precompiled?
> >> > Thanks in advance
> >> >
> >> > --
> >> > http://jordilin.wordpress.com
> >> > ___
> >> > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list
> >> >
> >>
>
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions
> >> > To unsubscribe, send any mail to
> >> > "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
> >> >
> >>
> >> if the system runs with one cpu now and you don't
> >> enable smp with HT with the sysctl variable then
> you
> >> should be ok. If your not doing SMP then
> recompiling
> >> the kernel for single processor mode will make
> things
> >> run a little quicker because the SMP code won't
> come
> >> into play.
> >>
> >> with HT disabling in FreeBSD is more for the
> security
> >> issues about a potential exploit whereby one
> process
> >> in one pipe can access the priveledged
> information of
> >> a process in another pipe because the two cores
> share
> >> one processor cache and thus one cache table. To
> my
> >> knowledge this hasn't been exploited yet.
> >>
> >> If you just install the generic kernel you it
> should
> >> be only the uniprocessor one. I would just do a:
> >>
> >> cd /usr/src && make buildworld && make
> >> KERNCONF=GENERIC buildkernel && make
> KERNCONF=GENERIC
> >> installkernel
> >>
> >> as opposed to a binary version assuming you
> haven't
> >> updated yet you won't have to install world but I
> >> believe it must have the build in the source tree
> to
> >> build a kernel. On your P4 though the difference
> >> between SMP and uniproc may not be worth the
> trouble
> >> because I don't think much of a gain would be
> made. on
> >> a P1 a much different story...
> >>
> >> if you aren't concerned with bad users or hackers
> >> hitting the box I would just enable HT with the
> sysctl
> >> variable. This will not make things run slower at
> all,
> >> just (in theory) less secure, which is why the
> >> veriable was created in the first place as I
> recall.
> >> If you are concerned I would wait until you
> update
> >> your system and then just build a GENERIC/CUSTOM
> >> kernel without the SMP option set.
> >>
> >>
> >> -brian
> >>
> >
> >
> > I will disable smp from bios. If I have a smp
> kernel, I suppose there
> > will
> > be no problem after all. Would that be ok?
> > The problem with having SMP enabled is that the
> smp kernel only
> > detects one
> > cpu and the system monitor only features one cpu
> as well as gkrellm (in
> > Linux it shows two cpus). When compiling the
> system monitor shows the
> > cpu at
> > a maximum of 50%, so what's going on with the
> other 50%?
> > writing machdep.hlt_logical_cpus to 2 in
> loader.conf does not solve
> > anything.
> I believe FreeBSD uses the other logical CPU to
> handle hardware
> interrupts, which can still help performance. You
> can check dmesg to see
> how it's actually handling it.
> 
> -- 
> -- Skylar Thompson ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
> -- http://www.cs.earlham.edu/~skylar/
> 
> 
> 

While that is one method of hamdling SMP I'm fairly
certain FreeBSD does not use this model. The problem
with one CPU handling interrupts and one handling
processes is if your doing a 9000x9000 element matrix
inversion to calculate say the wave function for
uranium (yeah not right, but this be some nasty math
so bear with me); then even if the math library is
thread aware, one CPU will be frying eggs, and the
other one will be twiddling it's thumbs waiting on
interrupts to process. Most likely an
ACPI_THERMALZONE...

>From memory on my readings of Implementation of
FreeBSD 5.4 ( I think thats the title, but the Black
Book written by the BSD gurus...) It was decided the
SMP scheduler would handle processes and interrupts
simultainiously as scheduled and modified with
affinities to avoid switching which CPU cache has the
running process. This might be why HT is slower
because it only has one CPU cache so trying to keep
things on one core doesn't improve performance at all
because either core can access the cache. Since HT was
not the brightest thing Intel could have done (kind of
like 20-bit addressing...) and since AMD has Dual
cores they need to compete with I don't think tweaking
scheduler code to remove affinities on HT would be in
the works. I don't even know if that would help
either, just thinking out loud.

But Interrupts are handled by both CPUs 

Re: not adding daemons to rc.conf

[Daniel Bye]

On Thu, Aug 31, 2006 at 02:43:20PM +0200, Karol Kwiatkowski wrote:
> It does more, it will force the script to run even if a daemon is
> running. What OP is looking for is 'one' prefix:

Ah!  Even better.  Thanks for the tip.

Dan

-- 
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Re: Mounting Linux Procfs at Boot

[RW]

On Thursday 31 August 2006 10:09, Boris Samorodov wrote:
> On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 00:22:03 +0100 RW wrote:

> Can't confirm that the problem exists:
> $ uname -a
> FreeBSD srv.sem.ipt.ru 6.1-STABLE FreeBSD 6.1-STABLE #2: Wed May 17
> 23:26:59 MSD 2006 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/SRV  i386
>
> But what do you mean "/usr isn't mounted at that point?". Have you
> read man fstab?

Probably I mistinterpreted man fstab, but it's complaining that /compat/linux 
doesn't exist even though it does:

ls -ld /compat /usr/compat /usr/compat/linux
lrwxr-xr-x   1 root  wheel   10 Jun  7  2005 /compat -> usr/compat
drwxr-xr-x   3 root  wheel  512 Jun  8  2005 /usr/compat
drwxr-xr-x  22 root  wheel  512 Aug 22 03:51 /usr/compat/linux


> > BTW I'm running 6.1 (upgraded from an original 5.3 install)
>
> Usually an output of "uname -a" is much more informative here. 6.1 may
> mean release, release + security patches, stable... And a platform
> also is of interest here.

6.1-RELEASE-p4 i386 
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Re: SMP detection

[backyard]

--- Michal Mertl <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Skylar Thompson wrote:
> > Jordi Carrillo wrote:
> > > 2006/8/30, backyard
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> --- Jordi Carrillo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > >>
> > >> > I've read that SMP should be disabled for
> > >> > performance issues (I did not know
> > >> > that before installing freebsd). I have a P4
> 3GHz
> > >> > with hyperthreading
> > >> > technology. I have the SMP-GENERIC kernel and
> it
> > >> > only launches one cpu. So,
> > >> > I've decided to disable SMP from BIOS. Is
> that ok?,
> > >> > knowing that I have a
> > >> > Smp enabled kernel? or should I install one
> without
> > >> > smp? If so, is there a
> > >> > way to install one already precompiled?
> > >> > Thanks in advance
> > >> >
> > >> > --
> > >> > http://jordilin.wordpress.com
> > >> >
> ___
> > >> > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list
> > >> >
> > >>
>
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions
> > >> > To unsubscribe, send any mail to
> > >> > "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
> > >> >
> > >>
> > >> if the system runs with one cpu now and you
> don't
> > >> enable smp with HT with the sysctl variable
> then you
> > >> should be ok. If your not doing SMP then
> recompiling
> > >> the kernel for single processor mode will make
> things
> > >> run a little quicker because the SMP code won't
> come
> > >> into play.
> > >>
> > >> with HT disabling in FreeBSD is more for the
> security
> > >> issues about a potential exploit whereby one
> process
> > >> in one pipe can access the priveledged
> information of
> > >> a process in another pipe because the two cores
> share
> > >> one processor cache and thus one cache table.
> To my
> > >> knowledge this hasn't been exploited yet.
> > >>
> > >> If you just install the generic kernel you it
> should
> > >> be only the uniprocessor one. I would just do
> a:
> > >>
> > >> cd /usr/src && make buildworld && make
> > >> KERNCONF=GENERIC buildkernel && make
> KERNCONF=GENERIC
> > >> installkernel
> > >>
> > >> as opposed to a binary version assuming you
> haven't
> > >> updated yet you won't have to install world but
> I
> > >> believe it must have the build in the source
> tree to
> > >> build a kernel. On your P4 though the
> difference
> > >> between SMP and uniproc may not be worth the
> trouble
> > >> because I don't think much of a gain would be
> made. on
> > >> a P1 a much different story...
> > >>
> > >> if you aren't concerned with bad users or
> hackers
> > >> hitting the box I would just enable HT with the
> sysctl
> > >> variable. This will not make things run slower
> at all,
> > >> just (in theory) less secure, which is why the
> > >> veriable was created in the first place as I
> recall.
> > >> If you are concerned I would wait until you
> update
> > >> your system and then just build a
> GENERIC/CUSTOM
> > >> kernel without the SMP option set.
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> -brian
> > >>
> > >
> > >
> > > I will disable smp from bios. If I have a smp
> kernel, I suppose there
> > > will
> > > be no problem after all. Would that be ok?
> > > The problem with having SMP enabled is that the
> smp kernel only
> > > detects one
> > > cpu and the system monitor only features one cpu
> as well as gkrellm (in
> > > Linux it shows two cpus). When compiling the
> system monitor shows the
> > > cpu at
> > > a maximum of 50%, so what's going on with the
> other 50%?
> > > writing machdep.hlt_logical_cpus to 2 in
> loader.conf does not solve
> > > anything.
> 
> > I believe FreeBSD uses the other logical CPU to
> handle hardware
> > interrupts, which can still help perormance. You
> can check dmesg to see
> > how it's actually handling it.
> 
> No! Kernel threads (e.g. handling interrupts) aren't
> that much different
> to normal processes.
> 
> Logical CPUs on a single HTT capable CPU share most
> of the CPU logic,
> especially all the external stuff (handling
> interrupts). Scheduling
> handling of interrupts on the "secondary/logical"
> core  wouldn't
> probably help performance at all (if that is at all
> possible).
> 
> When FreeBSD sees logical CPUs it means HTT is
> either enabled in BIOS or
> that disabling HTT in BIOS does not hide the CPUs to
> FreeBSD (bug in
> BIOS/FreeBSD).
> 
> Until you enable scheduler to schedule tasks to HTT
> cores (with
> machdep.hyperthreading_allowed=1 in loader.conf)
> (disabled by default
> due to mentioned security/performance reasons)
> machine won't utilize the
> logical HTT CPUs. Therefore total CPU utilization
> won't be more than
> 50%, because there are the (unused) logical CPUs
> which don't get
> scheduled tasks.
> 

are you sure about this???
I would have figured the scheduler wouldn't see the
other core at all without this option set and so it
wouldn't be used in calculating load at all. 50% on a
compile is fairly normal from my experience. I don't
have too much experience with HT as I always opt for
true SMP so I can't speak w

Re: Mounting Linux Procfs at Boot

[Jerry McAllister]

> 
> On Thursday 31 August 2006 10:09, Boris Samorodov wrote:
> > On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 00:22:03 +0100 RW wrote:
> 
> > Can't confirm that the problem exists:
> > $ uname -a
> > FreeBSD srv.sem.ipt.ru 6.1-STABLE FreeBSD 6.1-STABLE #2: Wed May 17
> > 23:26:59 MSD 2006 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/SRV  i386
> >
> > But what do you mean "/usr isn't mounted at that point?". Have you
> > read man fstab?
> 
> Probably I mistinterpreted man fstab, but it's complaining that /compat/linux 
> doesn't exist even though it does:
> 
> ls -ld /compat /usr/compat /usr/compat/linux
> lrwxr-xr-x   1 root  wheel   10 Jun  7  2005 /compat -> usr/compat
> drwxr-xr-x   3 root  wheel  512 Jun  8  2005 /usr/compat
> drwxr-xr-x  22 root  wheel  512 Aug 22 03:51 /usr/compat/linux

I haven't followed this thread, so I may be way off here, but...

In the above, /compat is a link to usr/compat.  (note the -> symbol)
I suspect that you cannot mount on a link, and that mount
doesn't follow links.

You probably would have to mount on /usr/compat directly
or make /compat a real directory and not a link or something.

jerry

> 
> 
> > > BTW I'm running 6.1 (upgraded from an original 5.3 install)
> >
> > Usually an output of "uname -a" is much more informative here. 6.1 may
> > mean release, release + security patches, stable... And a platform
> > also is of interest here.
> 
> 6.1-RELEASE-p4 i386 
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> 

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Re: who do you install freebsd without sysinstall?

[backyard]

--- Ruslan Ermilov <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> [ added freebsd-questios@ ]
> 
> On Thu, Aug 31, 2006 at 02:08:59AM +0200, Thomas
> Vogt wrote:
> > Hello
> > 
> > In this emails 
> >
>

> you 
> > wrote that you don't install freebsd with
> sysinstall. May I ask you how you 
> > do this? Maybe in some way like this: 
> >
>
?
> > 
> > I'm just curious.
> > 
> Plenty of options, depending on the available
> environment and
> needs.
> 
> 1) Add a spare disk to an existing FreeBSD box, and
> populate
>it using installworld/installkernel/distribution
> targets
>and specifying DESTDIR pointing to a mounted
> spare disk.
> 
> 2) Boot from live-system on CD-ROM, prepare and
> partition the
>disk(s), install distributions manually through
> install.sh
>scripts.
> 
> 3) Boot from live-system on CD-ROM, prepare and
> partition the
>disk(s), CVSup, build/install from sources.
> 
> 4) Boot in a PXE/TFTP/NFS diskless environment
> (details are
>in the Handbook), install distributions using a
> shell
>script as above.  Distributions may come from
> either
>remote CD-ROM media, or be prepared by "make
> release"
>and made available over NFS to diskless clients.
>A modification of this approach includes a mass
> deployment
>option that involves writing (relatively simple)
> local
>installation scripts that automate the tasks.
> 
> Many other options...
> 
> 
> Cheers,
> -- 
> Ruslan Ermilov
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> FreeBSD committer
> 

Out of curiosity...

So If I made a custom boot cd I could boot a dead box,
setup the drives and slices, CVSUP the system I want
to build, tweak the build environment for the proper
temporary build locations and build a system from
source and install that system to the now live box,
boot it and be done? I've always wondered about this
because I always remake the system I've just installed
because I'm usually dealing with deprecated hardware
and all the architecture tweaks I could use help... If
that run on is confusing basically to setup FreeBSD
like a gentoo install from scratch with a system CD.

also along these lines how do I make the system allow
me to seed the entropy engine? Usually after an
install it asks to fill in a screen full of junk, but
with a custom install it doesn't do this for me, at
least not the last time I tried. Just curious,
especially if I attempt the above procedure.

-brian

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Re: who do you install freebsd without sysinstall?

[Thomas]

Am Donnerstag, den 31.08.2006, 07:53 -0700 schrieb backyard:
> 
> --- Ruslan Ermilov <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
--snipp---

> Out of curiosity...
> also along these lines how do I make the system allow
> me to seed the entropy engine? Usually after an
> install it asks to fill in a screen full of junk, but
> with a custom install it doesn't do this for me, at
> least not the last time I tried. Just curious,
> especially if I attempt the above procedure.

I use the following in my PXE installation:
echo kern.random.sys.seeded = 1 >> /etc/sysctl.conf 

in my post_install.sh config.

Cheers
Thomas

PS: Ignore the subject it was late. s,who,how

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Re: who do you install freebsd without sysinstall?

[Ruslan Ermilov]

On Thu, Aug 31, 2006 at 07:53:28AM -0700, backyard wrote:
> Out of curiosity...
> 
> So If I made a custom boot cd I could boot a dead box,
> setup the drives and slices, CVSUP the system I want
> to build, tweak the build environment for the proper
> temporary build locations and build a system from
> source and install that system to the now live box,
> boot it and be done?
> 
Basically yes.  When booting from CD though, I'll have
to mdconfig(8) and re-mount at least /tmp, maybe /var
as well.

> also along these lines how do I make the system allow
> me to seed the entropy engine? Usually after an
> install it asks to fill in a screen full of junk, but
> with a custom install it doesn't do this for me, at
> least not the last time I tried. Just curious,
> especially if I attempt the above procedure.
> 
Well, it does this only if the below conditions are
met:

1) You have enabled sshd(8) in sysinstall(8), so it's
   enabled in /etc/rc.conf.

2) This is the first boot, /etc/rc.d/sshd needs to
   generate new SSH keys but random(4) hasn't been
   seeded yet.   (random(4) is seeded by the /random
   and /var/db/random/* files.)

So, if you did a custom install and then rebooted for
the first time, but did not yet enable sshd(8), the
cron(8) will save some entropy, so the time you need
it to generate SSH keys there will already be some
entropy available.

But if you absolutely need to reseed manually, boot
into single-user mode, and type

rm /entropy /var/db/entropy/*

Then proceed with normal booting.  If sshd(8) is
enabled, it will ask you to enter some entropy.


Cheers,
-- 
Ruslan Ermilov
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
FreeBSD committer


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Description: PGP signature

Re: shared cache -- Re: SMP detection

[backyard]

--- "Chad Leigh -- Shire.Net LLC" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:

> 
> On Aug 30, 2006, at 12:12 PM, backyard wrote:
> 
> > with HT disabling in FreeBSD is more for the
> security
> > issues about a potential exploit whereby one
> process
> > in one pipe can access the priveledged information
> of
> > a process in another pipe because the two cores
> share
> > one processor cache and thus one cache table. To
> my
> > knowledge this hasn't been exploited yet.
> 
> 
> How is this any different than say an Intel Core Duo
> or Core 2 Duo?   
> I believe they have a shared cache as well for each
> (real) processor  
> core.
> 
> Chad
> 
> ---
> Chad Leigh -- Shire.Net LLC
> Your Web App and Email hosting provider
> chad at shire.net
> 
> 

I would say there is no difference if what you say is
true. A Multi-Core chip is only true SMP if the two
cores share no resources internally and thus are
capable of running process separate from each other
entirely. independantly and with their own internal
caches. The process shouldn't have to wait on a lock
to access it's cache, which I would have to assume
occurs on these HT machines; which is probably why
they have degraded performance. The cache should only
be shared if a process explicity copies its content to
the other cores cache. If should not be possible for
both Cores to see the same internal cache. To my
knowledge the AMDx2 follow this model with independant
cores only sharing a common die. This ensures the
context and priveledge of one running process cannot
be compromised by a non-priveldeged process waiting on
say a login attempt to root, and then grabbing the
password from the common cache before the privelidged
process can clean up.

I don't think this flaw has been exploited yet, but
the boys at OpenBSD found it (from memory, pretty sure
it was one of them) and it has spread through the BSD
community as it has potentially dire consequences.

Personally I'm done with Intel so I don't think I'll
ever have this issue. Afterall they're still the
reason my computer boots up with 640k of RAM... I also
think AMD has come from being a clone to being on top
of the market, but this is my personal opinion. The
fact Core Duos are only 32-bit means Intel is still
only concerned with shortend gains on the Windows
market, not long term migration to 64-bit PCs like
everyone else... And banking on Microsoft has never
been a solid idea; its too bad banks use Windows;
there's a security nightmare, but a topic in and of
itself...

-brian

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Re: Mounting Linux Procfs at Boot

[Boris Samorodov]

On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 15:44:39 +0100 RW wrote:
> On Thursday 31 August 2006 10:09, Boris Samorodov wrote:
> > On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 00:22:03 +0100 RW wrote:

> > Can't confirm that the problem exists:
> > $ uname -a
> > FreeBSD srv.sem.ipt.ru 6.1-STABLE FreeBSD 6.1-STABLE #2: Wed May 17
> > 23:26:59 MSD 2006 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/SRV  i386
> >
> > But what do you mean "/usr isn't mounted at that point?". Have you
> > read man fstab?

> Probably I mistinterpreted man fstab,

If you show us what did you misinterpret, we may be able to help you.

> but it's complaining that /compat/linux 

Who? Can you provide us with some more info? Any logs? You mentioned
that "it's complaining..." for the first time. And show us your
/etc/fstab, please.

> doesn't exist even though it does:

> ls -ld /compat /usr/compat /usr/compat/linux
> lrwxr-xr-x   1 root  wheel   10 Jun  7  2005 /compat -> usr/compat
> drwxr-xr-x   3 root  wheel  512 Jun  8  2005 /usr/compat
> drwxr-xr-x  22 root  wheel  512 Aug 22 03:51 /usr/compat/linux

> > > BTW I'm running 6.1 (upgraded from an original 5.3 install)
> >
> > Usually an output of "uname -a" is much more informative here. 6.1 may
> > mean release, release + security patches, stable... And a platform
> > also is of interest here.

> 6.1-RELEASE-p4 i386 

OK.


WBR
-- 
Boris Samorodov (bsam)
Research Engineer, http://www.ipt.ru Telephone & Internet SP
FreeBSD committer, http://www.FreeBSD.org The Power To Serve
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Re: who do you install freebsd without sysinstall?

[backyard]

--- Ruslan Ermilov <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> On Thu, Aug 31, 2006 at 07:53:28AM -0700, backyard
> wrote:
> > Out of curiosity...
> > 
> > So If I made a custom boot cd I could boot a dead
> box,
> > setup the drives and slices, CVSUP the system I
> want
> > to build, tweak the build environment for the
> proper
> > temporary build locations and build a system from
> > source and install that system to the now live
> box,
> > boot it and be done?
> > 
> Basically yes.  When booting from CD though, I'll
> have
> to mdconfig(8) and re-mount at least /tmp, maybe
> /var
> as well.
> 
> > also along these lines how do I make the system
> allow
> > me to seed the entropy engine? Usually after an
> > install it asks to fill in a screen full of junk,
> but
> > with a custom install it doesn't do this for me,
> at
> > least not the last time I tried. Just curious,
> > especially if I attempt the above procedure.
> > 
> Well, it does this only if the below conditions are
> met:
> 
> 1) You have enabled sshd(8) in sysinstall(8), so
> it's
>enabled in /etc/rc.conf.
> 
> 2) This is the first boot, /etc/rc.d/sshd needs to
>generate new SSH keys but random(4) hasn't been
>seeded yet.   (random(4) is seeded by the /random
>and /var/db/random/* files.)
> 
> So, if you did a custom install and then rebooted
> for
> the first time, but did not yet enable sshd(8), the
> cron(8) will save some entropy, so the time you need
> it to generate SSH keys there will already be some
> entropy available.
> 
> But if you absolutely need to reseed manually, boot
> into single-user mode, and type
> 
>   rm /entropy /var/db/entropy/*
> 
> Then proceed with normal booting.  If sshd(8) is
> enabled, it will ask you to enter some entropy.
> 
> 
> Cheers,
> -- 
> Ruslan Ermilov
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> FreeBSD committer
> 

ok, I figured it was something simple enough like
that...

how does cron save entropy??? I've noticed "saving
entropy files" at shutdown but have always wondered
what it is using. or does it just read from
/dev/random?

-brian
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Re: shared cache -- Re: SMP detection

[Josh Carroll]

Core 2 Duos have the EM64T extensions. Core Duos (Yonah) are a mobile
chip only, not a full line of processors like the Core 2 architecture
(Merom, Conroe, Woodcrest).

I suspect the Core 2 chips do not suffer from the same security
implications as HT-enabled processors. I'm not certain, but I think
each processor has access to half the cache so the only reason it's
shared is that it's on the same die and both cores are using parts of
it.

Josh


The fact Core Duos are only 32-bit means Intel is still
only concerned with shortend gains on the Windows
market, not long term migration to 64-bit PCs like
everyone else... And banking on Microsoft has never
been a solid idea; its too bad banks use Windows;
there's a security nightmare, but a topic in and of
itself...

-brian

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Re: who do you install freebsd without sysinstall?

[Ruslan Ermilov]

On Thu, Aug 31, 2006 at 08:24:45AM -0700, backyard wrote:
> how does cron save entropy??? I've noticed "saving
> entropy files" at shutdown but have always wondered
> what it is using. or does it just read from
> /dev/random?
> 
# Save some entropy so that /dev/random can re-seed on boot.
*/11*   *   *   *   operator /usr/libexec/save-entropy

The latter saves some amount of /dev/random for further
seeding.  /entropy is saved by /etc/rc.d/random, when
it stops.

random_stop()
{
# Write some entropy so when the machine reboots /dev/random
# can be reseeded
#

I think two mechanisms exist because a solution involving
cron(8) works better, but cron(8) is not guaranteed to be
up and running (untypical but anyway), so additionally an
entropy is also saved once on shutdown.


Cheers,
-- 
Ruslan Ermilov
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
FreeBSD committer


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Re: free-bsd's mount_smbfs having issues with EMC Celerra

[Jim Stapleton]

"The right stuff":

sudo mount_smbfs -I  -W  -d 550 -f 550 //@/ 

That's about it.

On 8/30/06, Antony Mawer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

On 31/08/2006 2:18 AM, Jim Stapleton wrote:
> nevermind, my own dumb mistake with the connection string, first I
> didn't have the right stuff for logging into a domain, second time
> around when that was fixed, I had a "/" where there should have been
> an "@".

What was "the right stuff" for logging into a domain? Can you give an
example command line?

We've seen some machines where we had to add the -W parameter with the
domain name (as the workgroup name, go figure) in order to get
mount_smbfs to work... yet smbclient will happily figure this out itself.

Cheers
Antony


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can someone point me to some good and descriptive VPN documentation for my use?

[Jim Stapleton]

I'm trying to VPN in to work from home, and the IT group there only
supports windows. There are Cisco pre-configured clients for Linux,
MacOS X, and Windows available, but not BSD.

I tried running the Linux binary, but it wanted to move to a
nonexistant driectory, and didn't tell me which directory it couldn't
find, so I couldn't make the proper symlink.

I looked through the VPN via IPSEC portion of the handbook, but was
left wanting. Anyone know of a better howto?

My questions from the VPN/IPSEC section:
(1) My machine isn't the router - can it still work?
(2) I don't want to send a lot of garbage to the VPN connection,
should I connect the loopback (127.0.0.1), my local ip (192.168.1.84),
or create a new loopback or virtual network connection (how?)



Thanks,
-Jim Stapleton
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Re: can someone point me to some good and descriptive VPN documentation for my use?

[Alex Zbyslaw]

Jim Stapleton wrote:


I'm trying to VPN in to work from home, and the IT group there only
supports windows. There are Cisco pre-configured clients for Linux,
MacOS X, and Windows available, but not BSD.

I tried running the Linux binary, but it wanted to move to a
nonexistant driectory, and didn't tell me which directory it couldn't
find, so I couldn't make the proper symlink.


You could try a strings on the binary to try to find the directory - 
assuming that's the only problem, of course :-)


--Alex


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Re: Thin terminals for FreeBSD

[Luyt]

On Monday 07 August 2006 21:19, Nagy László wrote:

> I need to setup an environment where some users (10 to 20 employees)
> will use terminals to run programs. They need to run a few popular
> programs: thunderbird, firefox, adobe acrobat, openoffice and gaim. 

Jamie Zawinski has done such a thing in his DNA Lounge club; albeit using 
Linux.  He describes this project in detail:

  http://www.dnalounge.com/backstage/src/kiosk/


-- 

"The ability of the OSS process to collect and harness 
the collective IQ of thousands of individuals across 
the Internet is simply amazing." - Vinod Vallopillil
http://www.catb.org/~esr/halloween/halloween4.html
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Re: not adding daemons to rc.conf

[Tofik Suleymanov]

Jonathan Horne wrote:
ive noticed that apache can be started manually using the apachectl tool, even 
if it is not enabled in /etc/rc.conf.  do many other daemons have this 
ability?  i have a dev server that i would like to not have many things 
enabled in the rc.conf, but i would like an easy way to just start specific 
daemons when i need.


thanks,
jonathan
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You can always use:
/usr/local/etc/rc.d/scriptname forcestart
or
/etc/rc.d/scriptname forcestart

But this just overrides "enable" keyword in rc scripts and of course 
will not start your service in the next boot.


Sincerely,
Tofig Suleymanov
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Re: Mirroring: gvinum or gmirror?

[Elliot Finley]

I use gmirror for this very purpose.  It works well.

- Original Message - 
From: "Jonathan McKeown" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: 
Sent: Thursday, August 31, 2006 5:25 AM
Subject: Mirroring: gvinum or gmirror?


> I'm setting up a remote server with two identical hard drives, running
> FreeBSD-6.1. I want to set the drives up as a mirror for data redundancy.
I
> also want to be able to break the mirror when I need to update the OS or
> installed software, so that if anything goes wrong with the update on one
> drive I can boot back to the other one, or if all is well, re-establish
the
> mirror and synchronise to the updated system. I have serial console access
> including BIOS console redirection.
>
> Based on web and Usenet/mailing list searches, gmirror looks more
> straightforward for this simple case, gvinum more flexible but poorly
> documented, and the most recent comments I can find (still all 6+ months
ago)
> seem to suggest that gvinum hasn't completely stabilised for production
yet.
>
> Is this a fair assessment? Are there any factors I've missed? Which
solution
> is likely to suit the situation better?
>
> Jonathan
> ___
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Re: Mirroring: gvinum or gmirror?

[David Robillard]

I'm setting up a remote server with two identical hard drives, running
FreeBSD-6.1. I want to set the drives up as a mirror for data redundancy. I
also want to be able to break the mirror when I need to update the OS or
installed software, so that if anything goes wrong with the update on one
drive I can boot back to the other one, or if all is well, re-establish the
mirror and synchronise to the updated system. I have serial console access
including BIOS console redirection.

Based on web and Usenet/mailing list searches, gmirror looks more
straightforward for this simple case, gvinum more flexible but poorly
documented, and the most recent comments I can find (still all 6+ months ago)
seem to suggest that gvinum hasn't completely stabilised for production yet.

Is this a fair assessment? Are there any factors I've missed? Which solution
is likely to suit the situation better?

Jonathan


Hello Jonathan,

I run gmirror on all machines which don't have a hardware RAID
controller. I've had drive failures in the past and gmirror handled it
very well. It's now a lot better under 6.1 then 5.x (mostly concerning
the kernel dump area and the swapoff option in rc.conf(5)).

Take a look at Ralf S. Engelschall's documentation on the subject:
http://people.freebsd.org/~rse/mirror/

Bonus Tip of the day! If you ever have two disk drives which are not
identical, such as these:

ad0: 4112MB  at ata0-master UDMA33
ad3: 4028MB  at ata1-slave UDMA33

Then make sure you install FreeBSD on the bigger one (i.e. here that
would be ad0) then setup gmirror. If you do the oposite, you will have
a "Consumers too small" error when you try to bring the mirror
together.

Finally, keep in mind that gmirror is only good for RAID 1. If you
need more powerfull volume management tools such as Veritas Volume
Manager or Sun DiskSuite, then you need gvinum.

Regards,

David
--
David Robillard
UNIX systems administrator & Oracle DBA
CISSP, RHCE & Sun Certified Security Administrator
Montreal: +1 514 966 0122
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Re: The future of NetBSD

[David Kelly]

On Thu, Aug 31, 2006 at 08:57:32AM -0700, Andy Ruhl wrote:
> On 8/31/06, Gilles Gravier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >Ahem... so no Apache... but why games, X11, compiler?
> 
> So don't install the games set, the X set, or the comp set if you
> don't want that stuff.
> 
> I think the point I'm trying to make is, apache is certainly not
> something *most* people will use.

When Andy first said "no Apache" I mistakenly heard him to say "in the
kernel". Have heard others wanting to move http servers into the kernel
for (hopefully) better performance. IMHO this is the Microsoft Mistake,
to throw everything in including the kitchen sink.

OTOH a function such as sendfile() when integrated into the kernel can
know more about optimizing buffers, and is a good compromise.

-- 
David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad.
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Re: Mirroring: gvinum or gmirror?

[Elliot Finley]

- Original Message - 
From: "David Robillard" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: "Jonathan McKeown" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Cc: "FreeBSD Questions Mailing List" 
Sent: Thursday, August 31, 2006 11:17 AM
Subject: Re: Mirroring: gvinum or gmirror?


> Bonus Tip of the day! If you ever have two disk drives which are not
> identical, such as these:
> 
> ad0: 4112MB  at ata0-master UDMA33
> ad3: 4028MB  at ata1-slave UDMA33
> 
> Then make sure you install FreeBSD on the bigger one (i.e. here that
> would be ad0) then setup gmirror. If you do the oposite, you will have
> a "Consumers too small" error when you try to bring the mirror
> together.

I could be wrong, but that seems backwards.

Elliot

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Re: Mirroring: gvinum or gmirror?

[Elliot Finley]

- Original Message - 
From: "David Robillard" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: "Jonathan McKeown" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Cc: "FreeBSD Questions Mailing List" 
Sent: Thursday, August 31, 2006 11:17 AM
Subject: Re: Mirroring: gvinum or gmirror?


> Bonus Tip of the day! If you ever have two disk drives which are not
> identical, such as these:
> 
> ad0: 4112MB  at ata0-master UDMA33
> ad3: 4028MB  at ata1-slave UDMA33
> 
> Then make sure you install FreeBSD on the bigger one (i.e. here that
> would be ad0) then setup gmirror. If you do the oposite, you will have
> a "Consumers too small" error when you try to bring the mirror
> together.

I could be wrong, but that seems backwards.

Elliot

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Re: Mirroring: gvinum or gmirror?

[David Robillard]

On 8/31/06, Elliot Finley <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

ad0: 4112MB  at ata0-master UDMA33
ad3: 4028MB  at ata1-slave UDMA33


> Then make sure you install FreeBSD on the bigger one (i.e. here that
> would be ad0) then setup gmirror. If you do the oposite, you will have
> a "Consumers too small" error when you try to bring the mirror
> together.

I could be wrong, but that seems backwards.


I know, that's also what I thought before I had the problem. (hence
the Tip of Day!)

It's quite easy to understand when you think about it. Let's say we
have the same disk drives as above in which ad0 is bigger then ad3.

So you install the OS on the smaller ad3 disk first. Then you setup
gmirror on the bigger disk ad0. You then dump(8) the OS from ad3 onto
the broken mirror gm0 which is made up of ad0. Next you reboot on gm0
(hence on ad0). You clear ad3 which is not used anymore and try to
`sudo gmirror insert gm0 /dev/ad3` = WRONG!

Why? Because what you're actually doing is trying to synchronise a
bigger submirror disk (ad0) onto a smaller submirror disk (ad3). Hence
gmirror(8) complains that the container is too small.

What you want to do is the oposite. Which is to first install FreeBSD
on the bigger drive, then setup a broken submirror gm0 onto the
smaller disk. Dump(8) FreeBSD onto this new gm0 mirror. Reboot on that
gm0 mirror. Then finally synchronise the small submirror onto the
bigger disk onto which you had FreeBSD installed first.

But be my guest, try it out and you'll see :)

Here's what you get once the whole thing is finished:

[EMAIL PROTECTED] ~ {336}$ gmirror list
Geom name: gm0
State: COMPLETE
Components: 2
Balance: round-robin
Slice: 4096
Flags: NONE
GenID: 0
SyncID: 1
ID: 2054366258
Providers:
1. Name: mirror/gm0
  Mediasize: 4223729152 (3.9G)
  Sectorsize: 512
  Mode: r5w5e6
Consumers:
1. Name: ad0
  Mediasize: 4311982080 (4.0G)
  Sectorsize: 512
  Mode: r1w1e1
  State: ACTIVE
  Priority: 0
  Flags: NONE
  GenID: 0
  SyncID: 1
  ID: 4020171026
2. Name: ad3
  Mediasize: 4223729664 (3.9G)
  Sectorsize: 512
  Mode: r1w1e1
  State: ACTIVE
  Priority: 0
  Flags: NONE
  GenID: 0
  SyncID: 1
  ID: 411377980

Cheers,

David
--
David Robillard
UNIX systems administrator & Oracle DBA
CISSP, RHCE & Sun Certified Security Administrator
Montreal: +1 514 966 0122
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Netgear FA511 + Linksys BEFSR41 v.2 = 6.1-STABLE woes

[Paul Mather]

Someone recently gave me a Linksys BEFSR41 v.2 10/100 four-port
switch/NAT router.  I had previously been using an eight-port 10baseT
hub.  To take advantage of the higher bandwidth now available on my LAN,
I bought some NICs from eBay to upgrade the 10baseT ones to 100baseT.
Unfortunately, I'm having problems with the Netgear FA511 Cardbus NIC I
bought for the Dell Inspiron 8600 laptop I'm using.  Sometimes, transfer
speeds plummet (e.g., when doing an FTP across the LAN), and often it
will have problems configuring via DHCP during boot (with "dc0: watchdog
timeout" kernel messages appearing every so often during the process).
To get it to configure via DHCP when it acts up like this, I have to
eject and plug back in the card.  Sometimes I have to do this several
times before the NIC finally is configured via DHCP. :-(

The trouble is, I don't know if the problem lies with the Netgear FA511
card or with the Linksys BEFSR41, or is a problem with the FreeBSD
driver.  I am running 6.1-STABLE, rebuilt very recently.

When I plug in the Netgear FA511 I get the following console output:

cardbus0: Resource not specified in CIS: id=14, size=400
dc0:  port 0xd000-0xd0ff mem 0xf6001000-0xf60013ff 
irq 11 at device 0.0 on cardbus0
miibus0:  on dc0
ukphy0:  on miibus0
ukphy0:  10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, auto

pcconf -vl says the following about the card:

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:0:0:   class=0x02 card=0x511a1385 chip=0x19851317 
rev=0x11 hdr=0x00
vendor   = 'ADMtek Inc'
device   = 'AN985 FastNIC CardBus 10/100 Fast Ethernet Adapter'
class= network
subclass = ethernet

The strange thing is that the MAC address of the card is not probed
successfully.  I have an AN985-based Linksys LN100TX PCI NIC that
reports much the same information (minus the "cardbus0: ..." line, and
"dc0:  ..." instead of Netgear), but it also
reports "dc0: Ethernet address: 00:0c:41:21:..." after the ukphy0
information.  I get no such line with the Netgear NIC.  The "cardbus0:
Resource not specified in CIS: id=14, size=400" does look worrying.

The MAC address assigned to the card by the OS is 00:00:00:00:00:00, and
this is also the MAC address reported in Windows.  Surely this can't be
right?  The OUIs I could find assigned to Netgear are 00-09-5B,
00-0F-B5, 00-14-6C, and 00-18-4D; 00-00-00 is supposed to be Xerox.  The
card appears to work in Windows, but sometimes has speed problems, as in
FreeBSD.  Does the weird MAC address, along with the "cardbus0: Resource
not specified in CIS: id=14, size=400" indicate that perhaps the EEPROM
is faulty/incomplete, or could it be the FreeBSD dc driver can't
correctly probe the information?  The Netgear FA511 is on the hardware
compatibility list for 6.1 as being fully supported; I checked before I
bought it.

On the other hand, the reason I wonder whether the problem lies with the
Linksys BEFSR41 router is that I also had problems with the 3Com 3C589C
EtherLink III 10baseT Cardbus NIC I formerly used with the laptop.  The
3Com NIC worked fine with FreeBSD (using the ep driver).  However, it
would often cause problems with the LAN when attached to the Linksys
BEFSR41 when multiple 100baseT devices were active.  I have two desktop
systems using Intel PRO/100 PCI NICs (with the fxp driver) that would
suffer speed degradation problems during bulk transfers across the LAN
when the laptop was connected to it.

Does the Linksys BEFSR41 v.2 get muddled with autonegotiation?  (It is
running 1.46.02, Aug 03 2004 firmware.)  For example, I appear to have
better results in Windows with the Netgear FA511 if I force the media to
100baseT full-duplex, but if I try to do this in FreeBSD then the LED on
the Linksys indicating full duplex/collision does not illuminate (but
the link and 100baseT ones do).  Furthermore, the NIC never gets
configured via DHCP; just endless occasional "dc0: watchdog timeout"
messages.

So, do I have a faulty Netgear FA511 Cardbus NIC?  Is my Linksys BEFSR41
v.2 flaky?  Is this just one of those deadly combinations (I don't have
problems when just the two fxp devices are connected to the LAN)?  Will
a different Linksys firmware fix the problem (if so, which version)?
I'd love to know (and quickly, as I have to return the Netgear FA511 if
it is faulty).

Cheers,

Paul.
-- 
e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]

"Without music to decorate it, time is just a bunch of boring production
 deadlines or dates by which bills must be paid."
--- Frank Vincent Zappa
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Re: firefox starts up always in the first virtual screen in XFCE

[Markus Hoenicka]

Hi,

your comment rang a bell. The Firefox window was apparently maximized
when I upgraded the box. Firefox remembers the previous window size,
and it seems like the (updated) XFCE window manager now thinks that
the (updated) Firefox window is too big, and displays it on virtual
screen 1 as a fallback strategy. I resized the window a little, closed
Firefox, and opened it again - now it will open on the very screen
which happens to be active.

Problem solved. Poster embarrassed. Thanks a lot.

regards,
Markus

Norberto Meijome writes:
 > sounds like a session manager saved "firefox on this desktop"... not sure 
 > which
 > one would do it when you start it up (usually they restore programs on
 > startup...)
 > 

-- 
Markus Hoenicka
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
(Spam-protected email: replace the quadrupeds with "mhoenicka")
http://www.mhoenicka.de

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Re: 6.1 kernel messages

[Toomas Aas]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:


Having just migrated a server from 4.10-STABLE to 6.1-STABLE, I'm curious
about some kernel messages in dmesg that I hadn't seen before:

asr0: [GIANT-LOCKED]  (adaptec RAID adapter)
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]  (USB driver)
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]  (keyboard driver)

I'm running SMP with 2 CPUs...a quick google shows that some people think
it may be cause for concern but others do not.  Is it?


I don't think it's a problem - at least not a major problem that you 
need to lose sleep over, unless you're a kernel hacker. It just means 
that those particular drivers have not yet been updated to support 
fine-grained kernel locking and so the Giant lock is acquired on the 
entire kernel when these drivers run - meaning that other processes 
can't be serviced by the kernel at the same time. In FreeBSD 4.x this 
kind of message didn't exist because having only one process accessing 
the kernel at any one time was the *only* possibility back then.



Then there's this:

acpi0:  on motherboard
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi: bad write to port 0x070 (8), val 0x43
acpi: bad read from port 0x071 (8)


AFAIK this is FreeBSD telling you that your machine's BIOS is trying to 
access memory areas where it has no business going. I started seeing 
those messages on my 6.1-STABLE home box sometime in June this year and 
have been ignoring them. So far, nothing bad seems to have happened.


Sorry for somewhat vague answers, but seeing as nobody has offered 
anything more scientific...



--
Toomas Aas
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Re: Mirroring: gvinum or gmirror?

[Elliot Finley]

- Original Message - 
From: "David Robillard" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: "Elliot Finley" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Cc: "Jonathan McKeown" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>; "FreeBSD Questions Mailing
List" 
Sent: Thursday, August 31, 2006 12:08 PM
Subject: Re: Mirroring: gvinum or gmirror?


> On 8/31/06, Elliot Finley <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >> ad0: 4112MB  at ata0-master UDMA33
> >> ad3: 4028MB  at ata1-slave UDMA33
> >>
> > > Then make sure you install FreeBSD on the bigger one (i.e. here that
> > > would be ad0) then setup gmirror. If you do the oposite, you will have
> > > a "Consumers too small" error when you try to bring the mirror
> > > together.
> >
> > I could be wrong, but that seems backwards.
>
> I know, that's also what I thought before I had the problem. (hence
> the Tip of Day!)
>
> It's quite easy to understand when you think about it. Let's say we
> have the same disk drives as above in which ad0 is bigger then ad3.
>
> So you install the OS on the smaller ad3 disk first. Then you setup
> gmirror on the bigger disk ad0. You then dump(8) the OS from ad3 onto
> the broken mirror gm0 which is made up of ad0. Next you reboot on gm0
> (hence on ad0). You clear ad3 which is not used anymore and try to
> `sudo gmirror insert gm0 /dev/ad3` = WRONG!

Well yes, if you do it this way, you are correct.  Why not just install the
OS on the smaller drive, skip the dump step and just use the installed drive
as the first drive in your mirror.  That's how I've been doing it and it
works great.

I've got a write-up of the steps required to do this if you or anyone else
needs them.  I also routinely disconnect one of the drives in my mirror
before a major upgrade to the OS or ports so that if I mess it up, I can
boot back to the previous state.  I have a write-up of the steps needed to
do this remotely over ssh (again, if you or anyone else needs them).

Elliot

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Re: The future of NetBSD

[David Kelly]

On Thu, Aug 31, 2006 at 07:47:48PM +0100, Jeff Rollin wrote:
> 
> As I said, Yahoo are the one big company I remember being cited as using a
> BSD. My point was not that "Yahoo does not give back to the FreeBSD
> project," but that the BSD licence *allows* them not to give back in a way
> that the GPL does not allow (say) Google not to give back to the Linux
> project(s).

If I understand what Yahoo! is doing with FreeBSD, GPL totally permits.
GPL only requires publishing the changes if one publishes the binaries.
Yahoo!'s uses are internal so for example, Yahoo! would not have to
"give back" any changes to gcc so long as they do not release their gcc
to anyone else.

The big advantage for Yahoo! to contribute changes back into FreeBSD is
that Yahoo! doesn't have to maintain a totally separate branch, and
doesn't have to deal with reconciling the enhancements from others.

As a mere user I am very thankful for Yahoo! and Apple's contributions
toward the advancement of FreeBSD.

-- 
David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED]

Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad.
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Re: SMP detection

[Michal Mertl]

backyard píše v čt 31. 08. 2006 v 07:45 -0700:
> --- Michal Mertl <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> > Skylar Thompson wrote:
> > > Jordi Carrillo wrote:
> > > > 2006/8/30, backyard
> > <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >> --- Jordi Carrillo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > > >>
> > > >> > I've read that SMP should be disabled for
> > > >> > performance issues (I did not know
> > > >> > that before installing freebsd). I have a P4
> > 3GHz
> > > >> > with hyperthreading
> > > >> > technology. I have the SMP-GENERIC kernel and
> > it
> > > >> > only launches one cpu. So,
> > > >> > I've decided to disable SMP from BIOS. Is
> > that ok?,
> > > >> > knowing that I have a
> > > >> > Smp enabled kernel? or should I install one
> > without
> > > >> > smp? If so, is there a
> > > >> > way to install one already precompiled?
> > > >> > Thanks in advance
> > > >> >
> > > >> > --
> > > >> > http://jordilin.wordpress.com
> > > >> >
> > ___
> > > >> > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list
> > > >> >
> > > >>
> >
> http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions
> > > >> > To unsubscribe, send any mail to
> > > >> > "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
> > > >> >
> > > >>
> > > >> if the system runs with one cpu now and you
> > don't
> > > >> enable smp with HT with the sysctl variable
> > then you
> > > >> should be ok. If your not doing SMP then
> > recompiling
> > > >> the kernel for single processor mode will make
> > things
> > > >> run a little quicker because the SMP code won't
> > come
> > > >> into play.
> > > >>
> > > >> with HT disabling in FreeBSD is more for the
> > security
> > > >> issues about a potential exploit whereby one
> > process
> > > >> in one pipe can access the priveledged
> > information of
> > > >> a process in another pipe because the two cores
> > share
> > > >> one processor cache and thus one cache table.
> > To my
> > > >> knowledge this hasn't been exploited yet.
> > > >>
> > > >> If you just install the generic kernel you it
> > should
> > > >> be only the uniprocessor one. I would just do
> > a:
> > > >>
> > > >> cd /usr/src && make buildworld && make
> > > >> KERNCONF=GENERIC buildkernel && make
> > KERNCONF=GENERIC
> > > >> installkernel
> > > >>
> > > >> as opposed to a binary version assuming you
> > haven't
> > > >> updated yet you won't have to install world but
> > I
> > > >> believe it must have the build in the source
> > tree to
> > > >> build a kernel. On your P4 though the
> > difference
> > > >> between SMP and uniproc may not be worth the
> > trouble
> > > >> because I don't think much of a gain would be
> > made. on
> > > >> a P1 a much different story...
> > > >>
> > > >> if you aren't concerned with bad users or
> > hackers
> > > >> hitting the box I would just enable HT with the
> > sysctl
> > > >> variable. This will not make things run slower
> > at all,
> > > >> just (in theory) less secure, which is why the
> > > >> veriable was created in the first place as I
> > recall.
> > > >> If you are concerned I would wait until you
> > update
> > > >> your system and then just build a
> > GENERIC/CUSTOM
> > > >> kernel without the SMP option set.
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >> -brian
> > > >>
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > I will disable smp from bios. If I have a smp
> > kernel, I suppose there
> > > > will
> > > > be no problem after all. Would that be ok?
> > > > The problem with having SMP enabled is that the
> > smp kernel only
> > > > detects one
> > > > cpu and the system monitor only features one cpu
> > as well as gkrellm (in
> > > > Linux it shows two cpus). When compiling the
> > system monitor shows the
> > > > cpu at
> > > > a maximum of 50%, so what's going on with the
> > other 50%?
> > > > writing machdep.hlt_logical_cpus to 2 in
> > loader.conf does not solve
> > > > anything.
> > 
> > > I believe FreeBSD uses the other logical CPU to
> > handle hardware
> > > interrupts, which can still help perormance. You
> > can check dmesg to see
> > > how it's actually handling it.
> > 
> > No! Kernel threads (e.g. handling interrupts) aren't
> > that much different
> > to normal processes.
> > 
> > Logical CPUs on a single HTT capable CPU share most
> > of the CPU logic,
> > especially all the external stuff (handling
> > interrupts). Scheduling
> > handling of interrupts on the "secondary/logical"
> > core  wouldn't
> > probably help performance at all (if that is at all
> > possible).
> > 
> > When FreeBSD sees logical CPUs it means HTT is
> > either enabled in BIOS or
> > that disabling HTT in BIOS does not hide the CPUs to
> > FreeBSD (bug in
> > BIOS/FreeBSD).
> > 
> > Until you enable scheduler to schedule tasks to HTT
> > cores (with
> > machdep.hyperthreading_allowed=1 in loader.conf)
> > (disabled by default
> > due to mentioned security/performance reasons)
> > machine won't utilize the
> > logical HTT CPUs. Therefore total CPU utilization
> > won't be more than
> > 50%, because there are the (unused) log

Re: Mounting Linux Procfs at Boot

[RW]

On Thursday 31 August 2006 16:26, Boris Samorodov wrote:
> On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 15:44:39 +0100 RW wrote:
> > On Thursday 31 August 2006 10:09, Boris Samorodov wrote:
> > > On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 00:22:03 +0100 RW wrote:

> > but it's complaining that /compat/linux
>
> Who? Can you provide us with some more info? Any logs?

I don't know how to get the logs written to disk,  the startup process aborts 
before /var is mounted.

I see the output from "fsck -p -F" , it then says:

   mount: /usr/compat: no such file or directory
   mounting /etc/fstab filesytems failed, startup aborted

I'm then given the prompt to pick a shell.

Avoiding the symlink by using /usr/compat/linux/proc still causes a failure. 
However, if I use a mountpoint on the root partition it mounts correctly. 

> And show us your /etc/fstab, please.

fstab is below, 

-
$ cat /etc/fstab.f
# DeviceMountpoint  FStype  Options DumpPass#
/dev/ad4s1b.bde noneswapsw  0   0
/dev/ad6s1b.bde noneswapsw  0   0

proc/proc   procfs  rw  0   0

linprocfs /compat/linux/proc  linprocfs  rw0   0

/dev/ad4s1a /   ufs rw  1   1
/dev/ad4s1g /home   ufs rw  2   2
/dev/ad4s1e /tmpufs rw  2   2
/dev/ad4s1f /usrufs rw  2   2
/dev/ad4s1d /varufs rw  2   2
/dev/acd0   /dvdrw  cd9660  ro,noauto   0   0
/dev/acd1   /dvdcd9660  ro,noauto   0   0

/dev/ad6s1d /data  ufs rw  2   2

/dev/ad0s2a /oldufs rw  2   2
/dev/ad0s2g /old/home   ufs rw  2   2
/dev/ad0s2d /old/varufs rw  2   2
/dev/ad0s2f /old/usrufs rw  2   2


/dev/ad0s1  /dos/c  msdos   rw  0   0
/dev/da0s1  /mnt/cammsdos   rw,noauto   0   0
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Re: SMP detection

[Jordi Carrillo]

2006/8/31, backyard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:


--- Michal Mertl <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Skylar Thompson wrote:
> > Jordi Carrillo wrote:
> > > 2006/8/30, backyard
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> --- Jordi Carrillo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > >>
> > >> > I've read that SMP should be disabled for
> > >> > performance issues (I did not know
> > >> > that before installing freebsd). I have a P4
> 3GHz
> > >> > with hyperthreading
> > >> > technology. I have the SMP-GENERIC kernel and
> it
> > >> > only launches one cpu. So,
> > >> > I've decided to disable SMP from BIOS. Is
> that ok?,
> > >> > knowing that I have a
> > >> > Smp enabled kernel? or should I install one
> without
> > >> > smp? If so, is there a
> > >> > way to install one already precompiled?
> > >> > Thanks in advance
> > >> >
> > >> > --
> > >> > http://jordilin.wordpress.com
> > >> >
> ___
> > >> > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list
> > >> >
> > >>
>
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions
> > >> > To unsubscribe, send any mail to
> > >> > "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
> > >> >
> > >>
> > >> if the system runs with one cpu now and you
> don't
> > >> enable smp with HT with the sysctl variable
> then you
> > >> should be ok. If your not doing SMP then
> recompiling
> > >> the kernel for single processor mode will make
> things
> > >> run a little quicker because the SMP code won't
> come
> > >> into play.
> > >>
> > >> with HT disabling in FreeBSD is more for the
> security
> > >> issues about a potential exploit whereby one
> process
> > >> in one pipe can access the priveledged
> information of
> > >> a process in another pipe because the two cores
> share
> > >> one processor cache and thus one cache table.
> To my
> > >> knowledge this hasn't been exploited yet.
> > >>
> > >> If you just install the generic kernel you it
> should
> > >> be only the uniprocessor one. I would just do
> a:
> > >>
> > >> cd /usr/src && make buildworld && make
> > >> KERNCONF=GENERIC buildkernel && make
> KERNCONF=GENERIC
> > >> installkernel
> > >>
> > >> as opposed to a binary version assuming you
> haven't
> > >> updated yet you won't have to install world but
> I
> > >> believe it must have the build in the source
> tree to
> > >> build a kernel. On your P4 though the
> difference
> > >> between SMP and uniproc may not be worth the
> trouble
> > >> because I don't think much of a gain would be
> made. on
> > >> a P1 a much different story...
> > >>
> > >> if you aren't concerned with bad users or
> hackers
> > >> hitting the box I would just enable HT with the
> sysctl
> > >> variable. This will not make things run slower
> at all,
> > >> just (in theory) less secure, which is why the
> > >> veriable was created in the first place as I
> recall.
> > >> If you are concerned I would wait until you
> update
> > >> your system and then just build a
> GENERIC/CUSTOM
> > >> kernel without the SMP option set.
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> -brian
> > >>
> > >
> > >
> > > I will disable smp from bios. If I have a smp
> kernel, I suppose there
> > > will
> > > be no problem after all. Would that be ok?
> > > The problem with having SMP enabled is that the
> smp kernel only
> > > detects one
> > > cpu and the system monitor only features one cpu
> as well as gkrellm (in
> > > Linux it shows two cpus). When compiling the
> system monitor shows the
> > > cpu at
> > > a maximum of 50%, so what's going on with the
> other 50%?
> > > writing machdep.hlt_logical_cpus to 2 in
> loader.conf does not solve
> > > anything.
>
> > I believe FreeBSD uses the other logical CPU to
> handle hardware
> > interrupts, which can still help perormance. You
> can check dmesg to see
> > how it's actually handling it.
>
> No! Kernel threads (e.g. handling interrupts) aren't
> that much different
> to normal processes.
>
> Logical CPUs on a single HTT capable CPU share most
> of the CPU logic,
> especially all the external stuff (handling
> interrupts). Scheduling
> handling of interrupts on the "secondary/logical"
> core  wouldn't
> probably help performance at all (if that is at all
> possible).
>
> When FreeBSD sees logical CPUs it means HTT is
> either enabled in BIOS or
> that disabling HTT in BIOS does not hide the CPUs to
> FreeBSD (bug in
> BIOS/FreeBSD).
>
> Until you enable scheduler to schedule tasks to HTT
> cores (with
> machdep.hyperthreading_allowed=1 in loader.conf)
> (disabled by default
> due to mentioned security/performance reasons)
> machine won't utilize the
> logical HTT CPUs. Therefore total CPU utilization
> won't be more than
> 50%, because there are the (unused) logical CPUs
> which don't get
> scheduled tasks.
>

are you sure about this???
I would have figured the scheduler wouldn't see the
other core at all without this option set and so it
wouldn't be used in calculating load at all. 50% on a
compile is fairly normal from my experience. I don't
have too much experience with HT as I alwa

Re: Mounting Linux Procfs at Boot

[Boris Samorodov]

On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 21:31:33 +0100 RW wrote:
> On Thursday 31 August 2006 16:26, Boris Samorodov wrote:
> > On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 15:44:39 +0100 RW wrote:
> > > On Thursday 31 August 2006 10:09, Boris Samorodov wrote:
> > > > On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 00:22:03 +0100 RW wrote:

> > > but it's complaining that /compat/linux
> >
> > Who? Can you provide us with some more info? Any logs?

> I don't know how to get the logs written to disk,  the startup process aborts 
> before /var is mounted.

> I see the output from "fsck -p -F" , it then says:

>mount: /usr/compat: no such file or directory
>mounting /etc/fstab filesytems failed, startup aborted

> I'm then given the prompt to pick a shell.

Oh, you should say it at the very first letter!

> Avoiding the symlink by using /usr/compat/linux/proc still causes a failure. 
> However, if I use a mountpoint on the root partition it mounts correctly. 

> > And show us your /etc/fstab, please.

> fstab is below, 

> -
> $ cat /etc/fstab.f
> # DeviceMountpoint  FStype  Options DumpPass#
> /dev/ad4s1b.bde noneswapsw  0   0
> /dev/ad6s1b.bde noneswapsw  0   0

> proc/proc   procfs  rw  0   0

> linprocfs /compat/linux/proc  linprocfs  rw0   0

Move this line down and place it after mounting of /usr.

> /dev/ad4s1a /   ufs rw  1   1
> /dev/ad4s1g /home   ufs rw  2   2
> /dev/ad4s1e /tmpufs rw  2   2
> /dev/ad4s1f /usrufs rw  2   2
> /dev/ad4s1d /varufs rw  2   2
> /dev/acd0   /dvdrw  cd9660  ro,noauto   0   0
> /dev/acd1   /dvdcd9660  ro,noauto   0   0

> /dev/ad6s1d /data  ufs rw  2   2

> /dev/ad0s2a /oldufs rw  2   2
> /dev/ad0s2g /old/home   ufs rw  2   2
> /dev/ad0s2d /old/varufs rw  2   2
> /dev/ad0s2f /old/usrufs rw  2   2


> /dev/ad0s1  /dos/c  msdos   rw  0   0
> /dev/da0s1  /mnt/cammsdos   rw,noauto   0   0


WBR
-- 
Boris Samorodov (bsam)
Research Engineer, http://www.ipt.ru Telephone & Internet SP
FreeBSD committer, http://www.FreeBSD.org The Power To Serve
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Re: Mirroring: gvinum or gmirror?

[John Hoover]

I've got a write-up of the steps required to do this if you or anyone else
needs them.  I also routinely disconnect one of the drives in my mirror
before a major upgrade to the OS or ports so that if I mess it up, I can
boot back to the previous state.  I have a write-up of the steps needed to
do this remotely over ssh (again, if you or anyone else needs them).

Elliot



I for one would like to see your writeup. As I'm starting to
experiment with gmirror I think it would be helpful.

John.

--
-
John F Hoover
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: Playing Audio CDs

[Wei Hu]

mount your CD, change to the mount point, then, for example, issue the
command: gmaplyer *.mp3
On 8/31/06, Viswas Nair <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> --- Viswas Nair <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > I am new to BSD and have mplayer installed
> > (Gmplayer) and I do not see the
> > option to play an Audio CD, only CDs, files and
> > DVDs. How do I get Audio
> > CD's to play? Can they be mounted, if so how? Is
> > there any
> > specific audio alone CD player (GUI based) that you
> > suggest?

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Re: Mounting Linux Procfs at Boot

[RW]

On Thursday 31 August 2006 22:12, Boris Samorodov wrote:

> Move this line down and place it after mounting of /usr.

Thanks.

That was actually one of the first things I tried, I guess I must have 
screwed-up something else at the time.
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Anyone Using the New Free Mulberry Mail Client?

[RW]

There used to be a port of Cyrusoft's Mulberry mail client that installed the 
Linux rpm version; then Cyrusoft went bankrupt and the port dissappeared.

Mulberry is now available for free as a standalone Linux binary:

 http://www.mulberrymail.com

Has anyone got this working?  If you just run the binary it opens and can be 
be configured to read an imap  mailbox, but a lot of the error and warning 
pop-up boxes are missing text and buttons. There are probably other problems, 
but without the error messages it's hard to say.
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Re: SMP detection

[backyard]

--- Jordi Carrillo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> 2006/8/31, backyard <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> >
> > --- Michal Mertl <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >
> > > Skylar Thompson wrote:
> > > > Jordi Carrillo wrote:
> > > > > 2006/8/30, backyard
> > > <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> > > > >>
> > > > >>
> > > > >>
> > > > >> --- Jordi Carrillo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> wrote:
> > > > >>
> > > > >> > I've read that SMP should be disabled for
> > > > >> > performance issues (I did not know
> > > > >> > that before installing freebsd). I have a
> P4
> > > 3GHz
> > > > >> > with hyperthreading
> > > > >> > technology. I have the SMP-GENERIC kernel
> and
> > > it
> > > > >> > only launches one cpu. So,
> > > > >> > I've decided to disable SMP from BIOS. Is
> > > that ok?,
> > > > >> > knowing that I have a
> > > > >> > Smp enabled kernel? or should I install
> one
> > > without
> > > > >> > smp? If so, is there a
> > > > >> > way to install one already precompiled?
> > > > >> > Thanks in advance
> > > > >> >
> > > > >> > --
> > > > >> > http://jordilin.wordpress.com
> > > > >> >
> > > ___
> > > > >> > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing
> list
> > > > >> >
> > > > >>
> > >
> >
>
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions
> > > > >> > To unsubscribe, send any mail to
> > > > >> >
> "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
> > > > >> >
> > > > >>
> > > > >> if the system runs with one cpu now and you
> > > don't
> > > > >> enable smp with HT with the sysctl variable
> > > then you
> > > > >> should be ok. If your not doing SMP then
> > > recompiling
> > > > >> the kernel for single processor mode will
> make
> > > things
> > > > >> run a little quicker because the SMP code
> won't
> > > come
> > > > >> into play.
> > > > >>
> > > > >> with HT disabling in FreeBSD is more for
> the
> > > security
> > > > >> issues about a potential exploit whereby
> one
> > > process
> > > > >> in one pipe can access the priveledged
> > > information of
> > > > >> a process in another pipe because the two
> cores
> > > share
> > > > >> one processor cache and thus one cache
> table.
> > > To my
> > > > >> knowledge this hasn't been exploited yet.
> > > > >>
> > > > >> If you just install the generic kernel you
> it
> > > should
> > > > >> be only the uniprocessor one. I would just
> do
> > > a:
> > > > >>
> > > > >> cd /usr/src && make buildworld && make
> > > > >> KERNCONF=GENERIC buildkernel && make
> > > KERNCONF=GENERIC
> > > > >> installkernel
> > > > >>
> > > > >> as opposed to a binary version assuming you
> > > haven't
> > > > >> updated yet you won't have to install world
> but
> > > I
> > > > >> believe it must have the build in the
> source
> > > tree to
> > > > >> build a kernel. On your P4 though the
> > > difference
> > > > >> between SMP and uniproc may not be worth
> the
> > > trouble
> > > > >> because I don't think much of a gain would
> be
> > > made. on
> > > > >> a P1 a much different story...
> > > > >>
> > > > >> if you aren't concerned with bad users or
> > > hackers
> > > > >> hitting the box I would just enable HT with
> the
> > > sysctl
> > > > >> variable. This will not make things run
> slower
> > > at all,
> > > > >> just (in theory) less secure, which is why
> the
> > > > >> veriable was created in the first place as
> I
> > > recall.
> > > > >> If you are concerned I would wait until you
> > > update
> > > > >> your system and then just build a
> > > GENERIC/CUSTOM
> > > > >> kernel without the SMP option set.
> > > > >>
> > > > >>
> > > > >> -brian
> > > > >>
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > I will disable smp from bios. If I have a
> smp
> > > kernel, I suppose there
> > > > > will
> > > > > be no problem after all. Would that be ok?
> > > > > The problem with having SMP enabled is that
> the
> > > smp kernel only
> > > > > detects one
> > > > > cpu and the system monitor only features one
> cpu
> > > as well as gkrellm (in
> > > > > Linux it shows two cpus). When compiling the
> > > system monitor shows the
> > > > > cpu at
> > > > > a maximum of 50%, so what's going on with
> the
> > > other 50%?
> > > > > writing machdep.hlt_logical_cpus to 2 in
> > > loader.conf does not solve
> > > > > anything.
> > >
> > > > I believe FreeBSD uses the other logical CPU
> to
> > > handle hardware
> > > > interrupts, which can still help perormance.
> You
> > > can check dmesg to see
> > > > how it's actually handling it.
> > >
> > > No! Kernel threads (e.g. handling interrupts)
> aren't
> > > that much different
> > > to normal processes.
> > >
> > > Logical CPUs on a single HTT capable CPU share
> most
> > > of the CPU logic,
> > > especially all the external stuff (handling
> > > interrupts). Scheduling
> > > handling of interrupts on the
> "secondary/logical"
> > > core  wouldn't
> > > probably help performance at all (if that is at
> all
> > > possible).
> > >
> > > When FreeBSD sees logical CPUs it means HTT is
> > > either enabled in BIOS or
> > > that disabling HTT in BIOS does not hide

Re: can someone point me to some good and descriptive VPN documentation for my use?

[Jonathan Horne]

On Thursday 31 August 2006 11:28, Alex Zbyslaw wrote:
> Jim Stapleton wrote:
> > I'm trying to VPN in to work from home, and the IT group there only
> > supports windows. There are Cisco pre-configured clients for Linux,
> > MacOS X, and Windows available, but not BSD.
> >
> > I tried running the Linux binary, but it wanted to move to a
> > nonexistant driectory, and didn't tell me which directory it couldn't
> > find, so I couldn't make the proper symlink.
>
> You could try a strings on the binary to try to find the directory -
> assuming that's the only problem, of course :-)
>
> --Alex
>
>

the most important question is, what type of vpn concentrator do you have?  if 
it happens to be a cisco vpn3000, the try this:

/usr/ports/security/vpnc

other wise, google "[your vpn model] freebsd" and see what turns up.

cheers,
jonathan
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Re: Anyone Using the New Free Mulberry Mail Client?

[pauls]

--On September 1, 2006 12:18:20 AM +0100 RW 
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:



There used to be a port of Cyrusoft's Mulberry mail client that
installed the  Linux rpm version; then Cyrusoft went bankrupt and the
port dissappeared.

Mulberry is now available for free as a standalone Linux binary:

 http://www.mulberrymail.com

Has anyone got this working?  If you just run the binary it opens and
can be  be configured to read an imap  mailbox, but a lot of the error
and warning  pop-up boxes are missing text and buttons. There are
probably other problems,  but without the error messages it's hard to
say.


That's what the port was doing when I tried it.

I installed the new 4.0.5 release, and it works fine.  Nothing is missing 
(that I noticed.)


I'm running 6.0 RELEASE with linux_base-fc-4_8.

And I *love* Mulberry.

Paul Schmehl ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Adjunct Information Security Officer
The University of Texas at Dallas
http://www.utdallas.edu/ir/security/

newbie. how to compile gcc-4.1.1

[g]

hi everyone,

i'm trying to compile and install gcc-4.1.1 from the port section.

errors:

Syntax error:  redirection unexpected
*** Error code 2

Stop in /usr/home/g/Applications/gcc-4 ... /build-i386-unknown- 
freebsd6.1/fixincludes.

*** Error code 1

i tried making the object code in another location, by mkdir'ing a  
directory, cd'ing to that directory then running configure, make,  
after some processing i get the error messages


how do i fix this?

thanks,

g.




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VIA C3 - cant boot CD

[abc]

i have an ML6000 (no floppy) and have downloaded
the 4.11 mini-iso image, and burned it to a CD-RW.

CPU: VIA C3 Nehemiah (666.55-MHz 686-class CPU)

after rebooting, the CD is found, and a boot
attempt is made.  within 5 seconds, the kernel
locks up after about 3 seconds of the
kernel data+234238 text+23432 stuff and the
/-\|/-\ twirling prompt, leaving a "/" as the
first character on the next line.

the ISO is the exact size it should be, and
i could "gzip -t mfsroot.gz" in the /boot
directory without error - so i guess it's
a good image.  i am running 4.10 currently,
and have no boot problems off the hard drive.

any ideas as to what could cause this lock-up
at boot time?  i thought the ISO's are made with
the mkisofs --no-emul-boot, yet the CD is recognized
as a 2.88 floppy, and boots 0:fd(0,a)/boot/loader.
i never booted off CD's before, and don't know
what i should expect exactly.

thanks.
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Re: newbie. how to compile gcc-4.1.1

[Kris Kennaway]

On Thu, Aug 31, 2006 at 08:21:04PM -0400, g wrote:
> hi everyone,
> 
> i'm trying to compile and install gcc-4.1.1 from the port section.
> 
> errors:
> 
> Syntax error:  redirection unexpected
> *** Error code 2
> 
> Stop in /usr/home/g/Applications/gcc-4 ... /build-i386-unknown- 
> freebsd6.1/fixincludes.
> *** Error code 1
> 
> i tried making the object code in another location, by mkdir'ing a  
> directory, cd'ing to that directory then running configure, make,  
> after some processing i get the error messages
> 
> how do i fix this?

First, you didn't show us enough of the error.  Second, you apparently
edited the error so it's hard to tell what is really going on.

Can you please post more context?  Also tell us what version of
FreeBSD you're running.

Kris


pgpPknz7AOqbo.pgp
Description: PGP signature

Help re nvnet driver

[jekillen]

Hello:
I have a machine with two SLI slots and two regular pci slots.
The motherboard is Gigabyte with nVidia network interface
built in. I have one regular pci slot taken with a video card
and one with a D-Link nic. I need another nic and as it stands
either the video card goes or I get  a functional nvnet driver.
The system has refused to deal with the nvnet interface and
the compilation of the driver for it was initially unsuccessful.
I posted a note to this list about it at the time and was told
after some delay that the nvnet driver was 'broken'. My plan
is to use one of the extended pci slots for a SCSI adapter
which leaves the other extended slot unused(and unusable
if I understand correctly). The machine has no built in video.
Can anyone tell me if there is a functioning nvnet driver avail-
able presently and if it will run on v6.0.

My present use of the machine is as a development machine
and I need to configure Apache for mock virtual sites with
both an internal network connection and a mock external
connection. Eventually, I will have the machine actually connected
to a public address so for that I need the extra net work interface
card also.

I think I can get by with six internal addresses alias to the same card
and split them up as far as Apache is concerned but having the use of
the built in network interface will be a great help.

Other wise every thing is satisfactory with FreeBSD on this machine.
I'm building a third machine along the same lines (but it has more
standard pci slots and only one extended slot which will also be for
a SCSI adapter card). I'm shoe horning my budget for the project so
that isn't a viable alternative for me at this time.

Thanks in advance.
Jeff K.

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Freebsd -Squid - danguardian- Winbind- XMalloc Error

[Erick Dantas Rotole]

I have  a box with freebsd 6.1, squid-2.5.13_1 (Ntlm authentication),
dansguardian-2.9.6.1_1 and samba-3.0.22,1 2gb RAM 2 cpu. When The box has
800MB memory active, 1.2GB memory inact and 0 free memory. I get the error
"FATAL: xmalloc: Unable to allocate 65535 bytes" and the squid process
restart. I really need help, I have already search google and the list but
haven't found the solution. Thanks

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