How to give FileField's upload_to parameter a dynamic function?
I wrote 3 models:
...
def generate_mugshot(instance, filename):
filename, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
return "mugshot/%s/%s%s" % (instance.id, uuid4(), ext)
def generate_team_photo(instance, filename):
filename, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
return "team/%s/%s%s" % (instance.id, uuid4(), ext)
def generate_gift_photo(instance, filename):
filename, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
return "gift/%s/%s%s" % (instance.id, uuid4(), ext)
class User(AbstractUser):
...
mugshot = models.ImageField('头像', upload_to= generate_mugshot,
validators=[check_image_extension], null=True, blank=True)
class Team(models.Model):
...
photo = models.ImageField('队标', upload_to= generate_team_photo,
validators=[check_image_extension], blank=True, null=True)
class Gift(models.Model):
...
photo = models.ImageField('图片', upload_to= generate_gift_photo,
validators=[check_image_extension], null=True, blank=True)
If I want to add a new model, I have to write a new duplicate function
"generate_something(instance, filename)", it is not pythonic. So I modify
it to following code:
def generate_attachment_by_id(prefix):
def _return_function(instance, filename):
filename, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
return "%s/%s/%s%s" % (prefix, instance.id, uuid4(), ext)
return _return_function
...
class User(AbstractUser):
mugshot = models.ImageField('头像', upload_to=generate_attachment_by_id(
'mugshot'), validators=[check_image_extension], null=True, blank=True)
class Team(models.Model):
photo = models.ImageField('队标', upload_to=generate_attachment_by_id(
'team'), validators=[check_image_extension], blank=True, null=True)
class Gift(models.Model):
photo = models.ImageField('图片', upload_to=generate_attachment_by_id(
'gift'), validators=[check_image_extension], null=True, blank=True)
Then I execute makemigrations, an error raised:
ValueError: Could not find function _return_function in app.account.models.
Please note that due to Python 2 limitations, you cannot serialize unbound
method functions (e.g. a method declared and used in the same class body).
Please move the function into the main module body to use migrations.
For more information, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/migrations/#serializing-values
So, how to solve the problem?
Thank you for helping me...
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set_cookie raise exception when the value contains Unicode charset
Hello everyone,
Following is my code:
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
self.object = self.get_object()
form = forms.CommentForm(request.POST or None)
if form.is_valid():
response = self.form_valid(form)
return self._set_cookies(response, form)
...
@transaction.atomic
def form_valid(self, form):
self.object = form.save(commit=False)
self.object.ip = get_remote_addr(self.request)
self.object.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(self.get_success_url())
def _set_cookies(self, response, form):
year = 365 * 24 * 60 * 60
response.set_cookie('nickname', form.cleaned_data['nickname'], max_age=year)
response.set_cookie('url', form.cleaned_data['url'], max_age=year)
response.set_cookie('email', form.cleaned_data['email'], max_age=year)
return response
But if the form.cleaned_data['nickname'] contains Chinese, an exception is
raised:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File
"/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.2_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/wsgiref/handlers.py",
line 138, in run
self.finish_response()
File
"/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.2_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/wsgiref/handlers.py",
line 180, in finish_response
self.write(data)
File
"/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.2_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/wsgiref/handlers.py",
line 274, in write
self.send_headers()
File
"/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.2_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/wsgiref/handlers.py",
line 333, in send_headers
self._write(bytes(self.headers))
File
"/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.2_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/wsgiref/headers.py",
line 142, in __bytes__
return str(self).encode('iso-8859-1')
UnicodeEncodeError: 'latin-1' codec can't encode characters in position
227-228: ordinal not in range(256)
So how to save the unicode data into cookie? I have to urlencode it manually?
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Re: set_cookie raise exception when the value contains Unicode charset
But I never change the DEFAULT_CHARSET , this is my diffsettings:
$ ./manage.py diffsettings
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [{'NAME':
'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator'},
{'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator'},
{'NAME':
'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator'},
{'NAME':
'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator'}]
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'ucenter.User'
BASE_DIR = '/Users/shiyu/pro/python/talkbook' ###
DATABASES = {'default': {'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 'PORT':
'', 'NAME': '/Users/shiyu/pro/python/talkbook/db.sqlite3', 'TEST':
{'COLLATION': None, 'NAME': None, 'CHARSET': None, 'MIRROR': None},
'PASSWORD': '', 'AUTOCOMMIT': True, 'TIME_ZONE': None, 'CONN_MAX_AGE': 0,
'USER': '', 'ATOMIC_REQUESTS': False, 'OPTIONS': {}, 'HOST': ''}}
DEBUG = True
DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = None
EMAIL_HOST = None
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = None
EMAIL_HOST_USER = None
EMAIL_PORT = None
EMAIL_USE_SSL = None
EMAIL_USE_TLS = None
INSTALLED_APPS = ['django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'django_select2',
'django_markup', 'bootstrap3', 'pure_pagination', 'django_gravatar',
'mptt', 'captcha', 'app.ucenter', 'app.front', 'app.manager']
IP_HEADER = None ###
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
LOGGING = {'version': 1, 'formatters': {'standard': {'format':
'[%(asctime)s] - [%(levelname)s] - [%(name)s:%(lineno)d] - %(message)s',
'datefmt': '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'}}, 'handlers': {'console': {'class':
'logging.StreamHandler', 'level': 'DEBUG'}, 'file': {'filename':
'/Users/shiyu/pro/python/talkbook/error.log', 'class':
'logging.FileHandler', 'level': 'WARNING'}}, 'disable_existing_loggers':
False, 'loggers': {'': {'handlers': ['console'], 'level': 'WARNING'},
'talkbook': {'propagate': True, 'handlers': ['console'], 'level': 'DEBUG'},
'django': {'handlers': ['file'], 'level': 'WARNING'}}}
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'manager:index'
LOGIN_URL = 'manager:login'
MARKUP_SETTINGS = {'markdown': {'safe_mode': 'escape', 'extension_configs':
{'toc': {'anchorlink': True}}, 'extensions': ('extra', 'nl2br',
'codehilite', 'toc', 'linkify')}} ###
MEDIA_ROOT = '/Users/shiyu/pro/python/talkbook/media'
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MIDDLEWARE = ['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']
OPTION_INI_PATH = '/Users/shiyu/pro/python/talkbook/conf/option.ini' ###
PAGINATION_SETTINGS = {'SHOW_FIRST_PAGE_WHEN_INVALID': True,
'PAGE_RANGE_DISPLAYED': 5, 'MARGIN_PAGES_DISPLAYED': 2} ###
ROOT_URLCONF = 'conf.urls' ###
SECRET_KEY = '.'
SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = ('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'https')
SETTINGS_MODULE = 'conf.settings' ###
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
TEMPLATES = [{'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': ['/Users/shiyu/pro/python/talkbook/templates'], 'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {'context_processors':
['django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
'talkbook.context.global_site_context']}}]
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'talkbook.wsgi.application'
在 2017年1月30日星期一 UTC+8上午9:48:47，Melvyn Sopacua写道：
>
> On Sunday 29 January 2017 13:03:34 Xx Johnsua wrote:
>
>
>
>
>
> > File
>
> > "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.2_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versio
>
> > ns/3.5/lib/python3.5/wsgiref/headers.py", line 142, in __bytes__
>
> > return str(self).encode('iso-8859-1')
>
>
>
> https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#default-charset
>
>
>
> I believe your default charset is set to 'iso-8859-1'.
>
> --
>
> Melvyn Sopacua
>
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