disk recovery question

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone,

I accidentally turned my hard disk to swap (I was using a usb for swap,
when entering the command I wrote the wrong disk id). Can I recover the
disk to its previous form?

Thanks

general broad question for help in setting up linux server and suggestions

[Semih Ozlem]

Hello everyone

I am a mathematics PhD student completing my dissertation at Yeditepe
University Istanbul working under Prof Ilhan Ikeda who is at Bosphorus
University Istanbul. I am involved in setting up some seminars, keeping
correspondence with other mathematicians or mathematics students.

I worked for brief periods as a programmer mainly in python on small
projects.

Currently I am working with an electrical technician in Bursa Turkey who is
running an electrical electronical services store.

I am also interested in educational projects.

I am very much into using linux for academic work, I am willing to
introduce other people to linux and possibly set up a local linux users
group where I live.

I am thinking of setting up a server, both for local (at home use), (I have
already set up say samba server or openssh server) to be used only under
one modem. However due to lack of machines dedicated for that purpose the
server is not continuing.

I would like to make a server I set up say at home available at the
workplace as well so that I don't have to run back home while at work. If
possible make the server accessible via a smart phone or some other
computer.

Also in future possibly I would like to set up a web server possibly for
the shop and or for mathematical educational and linux related activities
as well as for myself and friends and maybe local community.

Already gdrive offers opportunities for storing files etc. and wix and some
other sites allow you to build websites and I am sure there are many other
options out there coming from the cloud. But I would like to explore, if
you guys also thinnk it might be a worthwhile endeavor too and worth the
time, to use linux LAMP server or any other option under the linux umbrella
that might be worthwhile. I am thinking of starting small scale since I am
operating on a really tight budget currently. And should I reach better
circumstances whether through finding some potential financial support or
better income myself, I would like to expand on number of things I try.

I am also in interested in humanitarian causes potentially though I would
not call myself very active or an activist I like reading on such issues
and discussing. One potential possibility is to develop projects in
relation to say immigration crisis to do with syria or any other cause...
even to help assist people in say getting help with reaching or finding out
about public services. But at the moment all these are ideas. Nothing
definite yet. I am exploring.

I would like to ask for suggestions like a roadmap that may be worthwhile
to follow.

Thank you in advance for any assistance and ideas and suggestions and
recommendations.

Sincerely

Semih Ozlem

Re: general broad question for help in setting up linux server and suggestions

[Semih Ozlem]

How much does it cost to run a server full time, is it cheaper to run one
yourself or to rent one online? Do you have an estimate? or range? (cost
could be electricity and internet connection used?)

john doe , 15 Eki 2021 Cum, 10:40 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> On 10/15/2021 8:47 AM, Jeremy Ardley wrote:
> >
> > On 15/10/21 2:33 pm, Semih Ozlem wrote:
> >> Hello everyone
> >>
> >> I am a mathematics PhD student completing my dissertation at Yeditepe
> >> University Istanbul working under Prof Ilhan Ikeda who is at Bosphorus
> >> University Istanbul. I am involved in setting up some seminars,
> >> keeping correspondence with other mathematicians or mathematics
> students.
> >>
> >> I worked for brief periods as a programmer mainly in python on small
> >> projects.
> >>
> >> Currently I am working with an electrical technician in Bursa Turkey
> >> who is running an electrical electronical services store.
> >>
> >> I am also interested in educational projects.
> >>
> >> I am very much into using linux for academic work, I am willing to
> >> introduce other people to linux and possibly set up a local linux
> >> users group where I live.
> >>
> >> I am thinking of setting up a server, both for local (at home use), (I
> >> have already set up say samba server or openssh server) to be used
> >> only under one modem. However due to lack of machines dedicated for
> >> that purpose the server is not continuing.
> >>
> >> I would like to make a server I set up say at home available at the
> >> workplace as well so that I don't have to run back home while at work.
> >> If possible make the server accessible via a smart phone or some other
> >> computer.
> >>
> >> Also in future possibly I would like to set up a web server possibly
> >> for the shop and or for mathematical educational and linux related
> >> activities as well as for myself and friends and maybe local community.
> >>
> >> Already gdrive offers opportunities for storing files etc. and wix and
> >> some other sites allow you to build websites and I am sure there are
> >> many other options out there coming from the cloud. But I would like
> >> to explore, if you guys also thinnk it might be a worthwhile endeavor
> >> too and worth the time, to use linux LAMP server or any other option
> >> under the linux umbrella that might be worthwhile. I am thinking of
> >> starting small scale since I am operating on a really tight budget
> >> currently. And should I reach better circumstances whether through
> >> finding some potential financial support or better income myself, I
> >> would like to expand on number of things I try.
> >>
> >> I am also in interested in humanitarian causes potentially though I
> >> would not call myself very active or an activist I like reading on
> >> such issues and discussing. One potential possibility is to develop
> >> projects in relation to say immigration crisis to do with syria or any
> >> other cause... even to help assist people in say getting help with
> >> reaching or finding out about public services. But at the moment all
> >> these are ideas. Nothing definite yet. I am exploring.
> >>
> >> I would like to ask for suggestions like a roadmap that may be
> >> worthwhile to follow.
> >>
> >> Thank you in advance for any assistance and ideas and suggestions and
> >> recommendations.
> >>
> >> Sincerely
> >>
> >> Semih Ozlem
> >
> > If you want to smart small and cheap, you can get quite a decent LAMP
> > server using a nanopi M4V2 which has gigabit+ connectivity and can fit
> > an NVME drive for excellent speed and storage.
> >
> > http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/index.php/NanoPi_M4V2
> >
> > It has better connectivity and storage than the Raspberry Pi 4
> >
> > Because heat is a problem you should get the fancy metal case
> >
> > I run an earlier version of the board under armbian
> >
> >
>
> To get me started and with no mony for this  I repurpose a desktop
> computer that I had/found as a server.
> The server was simply Debian in headless mode (no DE ...).
>
> HTH.
>
> --
> John Doe
>
>

openssh server remote access

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone,

I set up an openssh server and I am trying to access that machine remotely
(not from the local network. but from another ip address). I get an error
(something about port 22). What setting needs to be checked and what needs
to be done on the machine that openssh server is running and on the router
that machine is connected to, so that openssh server can be accessed
remotely?

Thank you

Semih Ozlem

Re: openssh server remote access

[Semih Ozlem]

I think it was something like "ssh: connect to host  port 22:
Connection refused" It will take me a little while to get the same error
message again.

James B , 21 Eki 2021 Per, 23:45 tarihinde
şunu yazdı:

> Hi Semih,
>
> Could you post the exact wording of the error message please?
>
> Best
>
> JB
>
> --
>   James B
>   portoteache...@fastmail.com
>
>
>
> Em Qui, 21 Out ʼ21, às 21:41, Semih Ozlem escreveu:
>
> Hi everyone,
>
> I set up an openssh server and I am trying to access that machine remotely
> (not from the local network. but from another ip address). I get an error
> (something about port 22). What setting needs to be checked and what needs
> to be done on the machine that openssh server is running and on the router
> that machine is connected to, so that openssh server can be accessed
> remotely?
>
> Thank you
>
> Semih Ozlem
>
>
>

Re: openssh server remote access

[Semih Ozlem]

Yes the error message is

ssh: connect to host (ip address of remote host) port 22: Connection refused



Semih Ozlem , 21 Eki 2021 Per, 20:48
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> I think it was something like "ssh: connect to host  port 22:
> Connection refused" It will take me a little while to get the same error
> message again.
>
> James B , 21 Eki 2021 Per, 23:45 tarihinde
> şunu yazdı:
>
>> Hi Semih,
>>
>> Could you post the exact wording of the error message please?
>>
>> Best
>>
>> JB
>>
>> --
>>   James B
>>   portoteache...@fastmail.com
>>
>>
>>
>> Em Qui, 21 Out ʼ21, às 21:41, Semih Ozlem escreveu:
>>
>> Hi everyone,
>>
>> I set up an openssh server and I am trying to access that machine
>> remotely (not from the local network. but from another ip address). I get
>> an error (something about port 22). What setting needs to be checked and
>> what needs to be done on the machine that openssh server is running and on
>> the router that machine is connected to, so that openssh server can be
>> accessed remotely?
>>
>> Thank you
>>
>> Semih Ozlem
>>
>>
>>

Re: openssh server remote access

[Semih Ozlem]

I am unable to access my modem settings page when writing 192.168.1.100 to
check if there is a firewall.

Below is the web page that I get


Unable to connect

Firefox can’t establish a connection to the server at 192.168.1.100.

The site could be temporarily unavailable or too busy. Try again in a
few moments.
If you are unable to load any pages, check your computer’s network
connection.
If your computer or network is protected by a firewall or proxy, make
sure that Firefox is permitted to access the Web.

Any ideas?

Greg Wooledge , 21 Eki 2021 Per, 21:32 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> On Thu, Oct 21, 2021 at 09:07:02PM +0000, Semih Ozlem wrote:
> > Yes the error message is
> >
> > ssh: connect to host (ip address of remote host) port 22: Connection
> refused
>
> This message means one of these things:
>
> 1) The sshd process is not running, or is not listening on the default
> port.
>
> 2) A firewall is preventing your connection.
>
>
> You would normally check the first thing by using "ss" or "netstat" on
> the server, and verifying that the process is indeed LISTEN-ing on the
> expected interface(s) and port.  For example:
>
> unicorn:~$ ss -ant | grep :22
> LISTEN0  128  0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
> [...]
>
> This tells me that something is listning on port 22 on all IPv4 interfaces.
>
> If you don't see a line like this, then you need to investigate the ssh
> service more deeply.  Perhaps start by running "journalctl -u ssh" to
> read its logs.
>
> If you *do* see a line like this, then you need to look at network-level
> stuff, like firewalls, routers, and so on.
>
>

Re: openssh server remote access

[Semih Ozlem]

Are there specific tutorials websites that you can recommend, how about
port forwarding. From where which sites in particular can I learn about
these topics?

Joe , 22 Eki 2021 Cum, 00:08 tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> On Thu, 21 Oct 2021 23:48:38 +0300
> Semih Ozlem  wrote:
>
> > I think it was something like "ssh: connect to host  port 22:
> > Connection refused" It will take me a little while to get the same
> > error message again.
> >
> >
>
> Ideally you need to do more than open the ssh port, particularly if you
> intend to connect from the Internet. ssh is one of the most commonly
> attacked services, for obvious reasons.
>
> You need a tutorial on setting up ssh with keys, and disabling password
> access. There are many such on the Net.
>
>
> --
> Joe
>
>

debian installation issue

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone,

I am using 64bit with 4GiB system memory Intel COre i3-7100U @ 2.40 GHZ
machine. I installed debian on a usb (sandisk cruzer blade 2.0 32 GB). I
created a single partition.

At the moment the system does not boot. From the installation media grub
menu shows up.

Is there a way without reinstalling to make the system boot from the usb?
Should I have used a different partition system?

Thanks

Re: debian installation issue

[Semih Ozlem]

I reinstalled the system, including an efi partition (500MiB) and the
problem was fixed.

How to check where grub is installed? And what is a friendly guide to
learning about grub?

Richard Owlett , 11 Haz 2021 Cum, 20:17 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> On 06/11/2021 11:31 AM, Semih Ozlem wrote:
> > Hi everyone,
> >
> > I am using 64bit with 4GiB system memory Intel COre i3-7100U @ 2.40 GHZ
> > machine. I installed debian on a usb (sandisk cruzer blade 2.0 32 GB). I
> > created a single partition.
> >
> > At the moment the system does not boot. From the installation media grub
> > menu shows up.
> >
> > Is there a way without reinstalling to make the system boot from the usb?
> > Should I have used a different partition system?
> >
> > Thanks
> >
>
> Did grub get installed to the flash drive?
>
>
>
>

Re: debian installation issue

[Semih Ozlem]

Dear Greg, and everyone else thanks for the detailed responses.

By UEFI versus Legacy Boot you mean things that are determined in BIOS
settings correct?

Yes I am running in UEFI mode, but the partitioning is MBR and not GPT. Is
this a problem? Which is preferred when? Why would legacy boot be preferred?

Greg Wooledge , 11 Haz 2021 Cum, 22:07 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 09:38:37PM +0300, Semih Ozlem wrote:
> > I reinstalled the system, including an efi partition (500MiB) and the
> > problem was fixed.
>
> This suggests that you booted the installer in UEFI mode, rather than in
> Legacy mode.  If you boot the installer in UEFI mode, you are expected
> to install a system that will boot in UEFI mode, which means it needs an
> EFI partition (and GPT disk label).
>
> If you wanted to create an install that would boot in Legacy mode, you
> need to boot the installer in Legacy mode first.
>
> (Or maybe there's something you can do in Expert mode to work around it;
> I don't know.  At a bare minimum, you'd need to switch which of the
> GRUB packages gets installed -- grub-pc vs. grub-efi.)
>
> > How to check where grub is installed? And what is a friendly guide to
> > learning about grub?
>
> GRUB should be installed on the *disk* (not on a partition) that you
> intend to boot.
>
> There are two different GRUB packages: grub-efi for UEFI booting, and
> grub-pc for Legacy (BIOS) booting.  The mode in which you booted the
> installer determines which of these gets installed at the end of the
> installation.
>
> Legacy (BIOS) booting is the old quasi-standard.  It's been around since
> the 1980s.  In this paradigm, the boot loader code is installed to
> something called the "master boot record" (MBR) which is really just the
> first few hundred bytes of the disk.  Some space is left unpartitioned at
> the start of the disk to make room for this.  Much hand-waving is involved.
>
> UEFI booting is the new standard.  It's been around for several years
> now, so it's fairly widespread, but not quite ubiquitous.  UEFI booting
> requires a GPT disk label (partition table type), and one of the partitions
> on the disk must be an EFI partition.  This is a FAT-type file system which
> contains programs used by the boot loader.
>
> A lot of machine (probably most machines made today) can boot in either of
> these two modes, because not everyone has moved over to the new standard
> yet.  Older machines will only support Legacy booting.  A few newer
> machines
> may only support UEFI booting.
>
> Secure Boot (Microsoft's attempt to stop you from using Linux) relies on
> UEFI booting, and therefore this was one of the driving forces behind it,
> but not the *only* driving force.  If your machine doesn't use Secure Boot,
> don't worry about it.  It won't affect you.
>
> Of course, this is not everything there is to know about UEFI and Legacy
> booting, but it might be enough for most purposes, especially if you just
> want to install and run Debian, and don't particularly care about the
> inner workings.
>
> Next, the care and feeding of GRUB on an installed Debian system:
>
> In the /boot/grub directory there's a file named grub.cfg.  This is the
> menu that GRUB reads from disk when you boot.  It's generated
> automatically every time you do certain things (like installing a new
> kernel package).  If at any time you'd like to regenerate this menu
> (because you changed something yourself), you run this command:
>
> update-grub
>
> You should not edit grub.cfg directly, because your changes will be
> overwritten eventually.
>
> If you'd like to change how the menu operates, there are a few pieces
> you need to know about.
>
> The first is /etc/default/grub which is a file containing lines of shell
> code.  It's only supposed to contain variable definitions, and these
> variables affect the overall menu, or they affect every menu entry.
> You can change these variables (e.g. if you'd like the menu timeout to
> be a bit longer because your monitor takes several seconds to switch
> modes, or if you'd like to remove the "quiet" flag so that you can see
> more details of what's happening).
>
> Individual menu entries are generated by shell code fragments in the
> /etc/grub.d/ directory.  If you'd like to add a menu entry of your own,
> you can create a new file in this directory.  You'll need some expertise
> for this.  If you'd like to customize the generated segments of the GRUB
> menu, you might consider editing one of the existing files in this
> directory, but make sure you have a backup, and a means of booting in
> rescue mode, first.  This is not something you want to break, especially
> if it's a remote system.
>
>

bootcd, xorrisso, debian-cd, making an iso of a current system and backing up

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone,

Can someone familiar with bootcd, xorriso, debian-cd explain how and for
what purpose those commands are used?

Is it possible to make an iso of one's current working system (installed or
from a live version) or a backup with these commands, and what is the
correct usage of the commands?

Thanks

debian does not boot

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone,

Debian 10 system does not boot. It gets stuck at the blue screen with the
logo.

In the start options, when a recovery mode is selected, after entering
password root prompt appears. What steps should be taken after that to
recover system. Also there is no connection to internet and nmcli command
does not get any responses so internet connection can't be established to
run commands like apt --fix-broken install.

Any ideas?

Thank you in advance.

question about installing debian or some linux system on an external hard drive

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone,

Is it possible and sensible to install debian or a linux system to an
external hard drive connected to a system via the usb port, while keeping
the current hard drive on the machine unchanged?

Where does one install grub2 and is grub2 to be installed before or after
the installation of the auxiliary system on the external hard drive?

What are the various options for disk partitioning and if one intends to
use docker as well would this change disk partitioning in particular
logical volume management?

I have already viewed documents on debian website, but I am still unsure
about the definitive steps.

Thank you in advance.

unetbootin

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone,

I am trying to install unetbootin from .bin file and I am getting the
following error message:

-

root@debian:/media/user/hd/isos# ./unetbootin-linux64-702.bin
Warning: Ignoring XDG_SESSION_TYPE=wayland on Gnome. Use
QT_QPA_PLATFORM=wayland to run on Wayland anyway.
No protocol specified
qt.qpa.xcb: could not connect to display :0
qt.qpa.plugin: Could not load the Qt platform plugin "xcb" in "" even
though it was found.
This application failed to start because no Qt platform plugin could be
initialized. Reinstalling the application may fix this problem.

Available platform plugins are: wayland, xcb.

Aborted

-

Any ideas what to do?

Re: Debian switchable MTA mechanism

[Semih Ozlem]

Just out of curiosity what is MTA short for?

Kevin Shell , 16 Şub 2021 Sal, 11:57 tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> Hello Debian Users.
>
> Why Debian does't have a switchable MTA mechanism
> to allow install multiple MTAs at the same time?
>
> Fedora, Centos etc. allow users to install
> multiple MTAs at the same time.
> There's a "alternatives --config mta" command
> to allow to choose between alternative MTA.
>
> --
> kevin
>
>

Question regarding hardware choices

[Semih Ozlem]

Hello everyone,

In comparing performance what are the pros and cons to using

(i) live usb flash disk
(ii) live usb with persistence on a flash disk
(iii) full installation on a flash disk
(iv) full installation on an external hard disk (ssd or other)
(v) full installation on an internal hard disk (ssd or other)

Thanks

Semih

debian installation is no longer working

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone,

I installed debian 10 on a 64 GB usb. It had been working fine. Last I
installed apache server, virtualbox, docker. After all this it worked fine
for a while, though at times slowly. Currently it is not working. It does
not finish booting, and it gets stuck at a certain point. The scrolling
lines indicate DEPEND problem and failing to start network manager and some
other issues, that I have not been able to write down.
When I choose to boot in recovery mode, I am able to get to a shell as
root. However I do not know and am not sure about what steps to take to
rescue the system. Can anyone offer help or indicate a good source to read
through?
I have not written down machine details, (would this be related to the
machine, since it used to work fine).

Linux kernel that the debian 10 system is using is 4.19.0.6 or 4.19.0.8

Thank you

Re: debian installation is no longer working

[Semih Ozlem]

In addition to my earlier message, the usb drive has three partitions FAT
partition including EFI, swap  partition, btrfs partition where home folder
is located.

sudo btrfs rescue super-recover /dev/sdc3
gives the response
All supers are valid, no need to recover

When starting from the usb, the boot process starts with some messages such
as not starting network manager. Indeed if I drop to root shell, apt-get
update won't do what it usually does since internet connection can't be
established. (similarly neither apt --fix-broken install) there was also a
message about a bug in kernel at boot time.

Any ideas on what can be done so that booting of the system can be restored?


Semih Ozlem , 20 Şub 2021 Cmt, 09:26
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> Hi everyone,
>
> I installed debian 10 on a 64 GB usb. It had been working fine. Last I
> installed apache server, virtualbox, docker. After all this it worked fine
> for a while, though at times slowly. Currently it is not working. It does
> not finish booting, and it gets stuck at a certain point. The scrolling
> lines indicate DEPEND problem and failing to start network manager and some
> other issues, that I have not been able to write down.
> When I choose to boot in recovery mode, I am able to get to a shell as
> root. However I do not know and am not sure about what steps to take to
> rescue the system. Can anyone offer help or indicate a good source to read
> through?
> I have not written down machine details, (would this be related to the
> machine, since it used to work fine).
>
> Linux kernel that the debian 10 system is using is 4.19.0.6 or 4.19.0.8
>
> Thank you
>

Re: debian installation is no longer working

[Semih Ozlem]

When Debian is starting the following are the highlighted messages and or
places where booting pauses and at the very end pauses almost indefinitely
(or rather when I lost the patience for waiting for new messages to come up
and shut down the machine).

I am writing everything down I was able to get out of the system below. I
have the following questions
(i) is there any automatic system recovery tools worth trying
(ii) is there a set of commands that could be executed when in rescue mode
to restore the system
(iii) is it worth the time to try to rescue the system (or better of giving
up and reinstalling the system from scratch on the device)
(iv) is there something to be learned from this series of errors so that if
not repeated, this problem can be avoided in the future from occuring
again? (i.e. a correct diagnosis of the reason for the problem)

Can anyone help?

Thanks Semih
--

ERROR MESSAGES:

(A) During boot the following pink/red messages occur:

[DEPEND] Dependency failed for /dev/disk/by-uuid/  and also for swap

(B) after debian switches to rescue mode and root bash line appears,

In the response to  "journalctl -xf" the following problems occur

(i) kernel:Bluetooth:hcio:unexpected event for opcode 0xfc2f
(ii) systemd[1]:Timed out waiting for device /dev/disk/by-uuid/... (for two
disks)
(iii) Failed to get initial list of names:Connection timed out
(iv) dbus.service: Main process exited, status=1/FAILURE
Failed with result 'exit-code'
(v) L1TF CPU bug present and SMT on, data leak possible see CVE-2018-3646
kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/l1tf.html

(C) systemctl -al gives following problems

Loaded failed: bluetooth.service,dbus.service
Not found: tmp.mount,
auditd.service,connman.service,console-screen.service,fcoe.service,firewalld.service,greylist.service,iscsi.service,
iscsid.serive,kbd.service,lvm2-activation.service,postgresq;.service,snapd.failure.service,spamassasin.service,systemd-machined.service,
systemd-update-done.service,systemd-vconsole-setup.service.

(D) Booting pauses indefinitely (as long as I had the patience to wait for)
at the line
IPv6:ADDCONF(NETDV_UP): docker0, br- : link is not ready
This line appears after some messages regarding vbox (virtualbox)


Semih Ozlem , 20 Şub 2021 Cmt, 15:23
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> In addition to my earlier message, the usb drive has three partitions FAT
> partition including EFI, swap  partition, btrfs partition where home folder
> is located.
>
> sudo btrfs rescue super-recover /dev/sdc3
> gives the response
> All supers are valid, no need to recover
>
> When starting from the usb, the boot process starts with some messages
> such as not starting network manager. Indeed if I drop to root shell,
> apt-get update won't do what it usually does since internet connection
> can't be established. (similarly neither apt --fix-broken install) there
> was also a message about a bug in kernel at boot time.
>
> Any ideas on what can be done so that booting of the system can be
> restored?
>
>
> Semih Ozlem , 20 Şub 2021 Cmt, 09:26
> tarihinde şunu yazdı:
>
>> Hi everyone,
>>
>> I installed debian 10 on a 64 GB usb. It had been working fine. Last I
>> installed apache server, virtualbox, docker. After all this it worked fine
>> for a while, though at times slowly. Currently it is not working. It does
>> not finish booting, and it gets stuck at a certain point. The scrolling
>> lines indicate DEPEND problem and failing to start network manager and some
>> other issues, that I have not been able to write down.
>> When I choose to boot in recovery mode, I am able to get to a shell as
>> root. However I do not know and am not sure about what steps to take to
>> rescue the system. Can anyone offer help or indicate a good source to read
>> through?
>> I have not written down machine details, (would this be related to the
>> machine, since it used to work fine).
>>
>> Linux kernel that the debian 10 system is using is 4.19.0.6 or 4.19.0.8
>>
>> Thank you
>>
>

Re: rtlwifi/rtl8723befw_36.bin , rtlwifi/rtl8723befw.bin

[Semih Ozlem]

Anyone correct me if I am wrong, to install (or run ) a file with .bin
extension you need to make that file executable. You can do that if you
have a graphical user interface (GUI) desktop environment, by going to the
location of that file with your file manager which is the program Nautilus,
right-clicking with mouse to the icon for the file, selecting Properties
from the menu, clicking on execution permissions box. You can do that also
from command line (by starting the program terminal) changing to the
directory that the file is at by command "cd "+pathoffile . Then executing
command "chmod a+x" filename or "chmod +x"filename (firstone makes any user
of the machine be able to execute the file). Then running the command
"./"filename or "sh ./"filename should run the program to install. Maybe
after making the file executable you can run it simply by double-clicking...

郭 灵贤 , 20 Şub 2021 Cmt, 19:24 tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> I use USB flash disk to install debian , the monitor display Some of your
> hardware needs non-free firmware files to operate . The firmware can be
> loaded from removable media , such as a USB stick or floppy . The missing
> firmware files are : rtlwifi/rtl8723befw_36.bin , rtlwifi/rtl8723befw.bin .
> If you have such media available now , insert it , and continue . What
> should I do ? I’d like to know the detailed steps .
>
>
>
> 发送自 Windows 10 版邮件 应用
>
>
>

question regarding live usb versus installed usb

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone,

A live usb works on almost any machine that it is plugged into
But if you install debian on a usb drive that usb drive works only in the
machine that it was installed in (or maybe a machine that is exactly the
same as the one it was installed in)

Is this correct?

If a live usb has missing firmware then it would have to be installed
everytime the live usb is plugged in

Is this also correct?

Re: Firefox and Citrix on Debian Testing

[Semih Ozlem]

Just out of curiosity, does one have to be in an organization that has a
contract with citrix to be able to use citrix products or is it available
for individual use?

For your question Aaron, the following link
https://docs.citrix.com/en-us/citrix-workspace-app-for-linux/system-requirements.html
has some requirements listed. Maybe it would help.

Aaron Elmquist , 20 Şub 2021 Cmt, 17:45 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> I am on debian testing.  I installed the latest citrix workspace client
> from here:
>
>
> https://www.citrix.com/downloads/workspace-app/linux/workspace-app-for-linux-latest.html
> - amd64 bit version.
>
> This seemed to work fine except firefox no longer downloaded content
> (chrome did) and syslogd was throwing errors.
>
> Removing the icaclient from the system seems to have resolved the issue.
>
> some of the error messages from the /var/log/syslog
> Feb 18 13:29:42 debian citrix-chrome[7962]: Failed to connect with logd.
> Feb 18 13:29:42 debian citrix-AppProtectionService[697]: Failed to connect
> with logd.
> Feb 18 13:29:42 debian citrix-kded5[2284]: Failed to connect with logd.
> Feb 18 13:29:42 debian citrix-kactivitymanagerd[2465]: Failed to connect
> with logd.
>
> Basically they are all saying that citrix cannot connect to logd.
>
> Also I did not install anything beyond just the client - did not configure
> citrix for any remote desktop.
>
> Wondering if this is just broken on testing, or are there other packages I
> need to install or workarounds available.
>
> Thanks,
> Aaron
>

is it possible to add a secondary disk to an existing debian systems and install programs to the secondary disk

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone,

First of all thanks to everyone who responded in detail to my previous
questions in email. Thanks for taking the time to read and reply to my
questions.

I would like to ask a different question. Suppose that I install debian on
a usb or a hard drive that does not have a lot of space. Suppose I get a
second hard disk that has more space. Can I add the second disk to the
debian system in a way so that additional programs that can not be
installed in the system without the second disk due to "no disk space left"
error can now be installed in the system. If the answer is yes, how should
one proceed to add the second hard disk to the system so that this can be
done?

Thanks

Semih Ozlem

Re: is it possible to add a secondary disk to an existing debian systems and install programs to the secondary disk

[Semih Ozlem]

It is a starting point but the problem is really not with whether there is
enough space to download installation files, for they can be downloaded
remotely to some other disk. The problem is when installing from the
downloaded files, the system itself may give an error saying no disk space
left. The problem is when installing the file I presume some files are
written in linux directory usually I presume or guess in /bin/ or /sbin so
that the installed programs become usable. When an external disk is added,
it is writable and readable but its space does not become incorporated or
available to /bin /sbin or whatever directories in linux filesystem get
used... Is it possible to make some changes to filesystem hierarchy so that
the additional disk becomes available to the system?

It is possible with some programs... One could extract files to any
directory one wishes, and run the program from the extracted directory. I
am not sure if it is possible with any program. (are .deb files basically
compressed files?)

I guess one problem one could run into is when the program needs to read
from and write to the rest of the system it needs to know where it is
located and how to access other elements of the system...

But apt-get install or dpkg -i will install files to /bin or /sbin ... Do
they have an option to install elsewhere and be able to resolve other
problems such as knowing its path and being able to communicate with other
paths appropriately?

Brian , 22 Şub 2021 Pzt, 23:22 tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> On Mon 22 Feb 2021 at 23:04:00 +0300, Semih Ozlem wrote:
>
> > Hi everyone,
> >
> > First of all thanks to everyone who responded in detail to my previous
> > questions in email. Thanks for taking the time to read and reply to my
> > questions.
> >
> > I would like to ask a different question. Suppose that I install debian
> on
> > a usb or a hard drive that does not have a lot of space. Suppose I get a
> > second hard disk that has more space. Can I add the second disk to the
> > debian system in a way so that additional programs that can not be
> > installed in the system without the second disk due to "no disk space
> left"
> > error can now be installed in the system. If the answer is yes, how
> should
> > one proceed to add the second hard disk to the system so that this can be
> > done?
>
> A really intetesting question. Maybe
>
>
> https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/release-notes/ch-upgrading.en.html#sufficient-space
>
> helps you on your way.
>
> --
> Brian.
>
>

Re: is it possible to add a secondary disk to an existing debian systems and install programs to the secondary disk

[Semih Ozlem]

I am currently pre-planning. If it could be done, then I am going to go
about searching and purchasing necessary devices in order to do the task.
That's why I am asking in the first place. I have a usb device that I can
attach for testing now.

Currently I am just running from a live usb. Here is the output of df -h

Filesystem  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev1.9G 0  1.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs   384M  6.4M  378M   2% /run
/dev/sdb1   2.9G  2.9G 0 100% /run/live/medium
/dev/loop0  2.6G  2.6G 0 100% /run/live/rootfs/filesystem.squashfs
tmpfs   1.9G  1.8G   86M  96% /run/live/overlay
overlay 1.9G  1.8G   86M  96% /
tmpfs   1.9G  102M  1.8G   6% /dev/shm
tmpfs   5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs   1.9G 0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs   1.9G  436K  1.9G   1% /tmp
tmpfs   384M  5.8M  378M   2% /run/user/1000


Greg Wooledge , 23 Şub 2021 Sal, 00:14 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> Semih Ozlem (semihozlemlinuxu...@gmail.com) wrote:
> > It is a starting point but the problem is really not with whether there
> is
> > enough space to download installation files, for they can be downloaded
> > remotely to some other disk. The problem is when installing from the
> > downloaded files, the system itself may give an error saying no disk
> space
> > left. The problem is when installing the file I presume some files are
> > written in linux directory usually I presume or guess in /bin/ or /sbin
> so
> > that the installed programs become usable. When an external disk is
> added,
> > it is writable and readable but its space does not become incorporated or
> > available to /bin /sbin or whatever directories in linux filesystem get
> > used... Is it possible to make some changes to filesystem hierarchy so
> that
> > the additional disk becomes available to the system?
>
> You decide where to mount the new partition(s) or logical volume(s).
>
> Start from the beginning, please.  Show us the output of "df -h" or
> something.  Also tell us how the computer is being used (personal
> desktop/laptop, server of some kind, etc.).  Tell us where the big
> files are, or the big collections of files.
>
> Tell us how big each disk is.
>
> From there, people may be able to give you concrete advice, like "make
> a 10 GB partition and mount it as /var", or "mount the entire second
> disk as /home".
>
>

Re: is it possible to add a secondary disk to an existing debian systems and install programs to the secondary disk

[Semih Ozlem]

processor i3-7100 ram 4 gb other details will have to restart the machine
to tell.
storage device there is an internal hard disk (500gb) that has windows
installed on it, which I can not install another operating system to for
now for reasons that I would have to back up files before and I don't have
time right now to do that, and I am not sure about what would be the safest
way of copying files (or should I clone the disk instead)
I will send lshw output shortly for interfaces and everything else.

Software goal is (i) be able to test different systems, and planning to use
virtualization for this purpose (ii) possibly create virtual machines with
programs installed (iii) a sort of a potential goal is to build a web site
and host it , but mainly just rather for learning how to do it, since
probably I can not afford for now actually investing in necessary equipment
and probably it is easier to do that by paying some service rather than
doing it all on one's own (iv) be able to run some programming projects in
python

I sort of like exploring and testing out new things, and most of it is not
planned. But basically I would like to have the system be able to hold (i)
security tools/antivirus (ii) server (apache and samba), probably LAMP or
nginx (iii) math packages / programs (R,gnuplot, lapack, and possibly
others) (iv) programming packages (gcc,python,java,rhino) at the very least
(v) virtualization (virtualbox) (vi) calibre (document viewing and creating
instruments) (v) latex (vi) programs to record and view videos or audios,
if possible running on the same machine. Of these, I may forego idea of
running a server if this slows things too much.

If possible also programming tools for machine-learning.

David , 23 Şub 2021 Sal, 01:10 tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> On Tue, 23 Feb 2021 at 08:38, Semih Ozlem 
> wrote:
>
> > I have a usb device that I can attach for testing now.
>
> Sorry if I overlooked that you provided this information already
> elsewhere, but I think it would help us to help you if you would
> properly describe for us the hardware that you are currently using.
>
> 1) What processor and motherboard hardware are you currently using?
>Make and model?
> 2) How much RAM is available?
> 3) What storage devices (eg hard disk drives) are connected to this?
>Make and model?   Using what busses/interfaces (eg SATA, USB)?
> 4) What is the software goal? What is the intended use?
>What services or applications do you wish to run on this hardware?
>
>

clamav installation question

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone

When I try to install clamav I am getting errots
When I try to follow installation instructions from debian's site
instruction

(i) clamav-data package is not available in the repository
(ii) freshclam gives the error
"!checkdbdir: Can't ope directory /var/lib/clamav/"
(iii) I can't be sure if it is running or not. systemctl status
clamav-daemon.service states it to be inactive.

when I try to follow the instructions on clamav's site

check-devel package is a requirement but is unavailable in debian
repository.

Re: How to self-load non-freeware firmware on existing netinst ISO installer

[Semih Ozlem]

You can get a usb hub to be able to have multiple usbs connected from one
port. Not sure if that would solve all the problems, but it may help.

Robbi Nespu , 24 Şub 2021 Çar, 18:09 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> I have another laptop which dual boot with Fedora and Windows10, it is not
> my primary laptop since 9 months ago and I haven't used it since then. I
> plan to fully install Debian testing on this machine because this laptop
> has dual graphic cards (optimus) and theoretically, with Debian 11 (or
> newer), special configuration shouldn't be needed and offloading should be
> available as soon as you've installed the proprietary drivers[1]. This
> machine has a faulty LAN port and only 1 of 3 USB ports are usable. So I
> can only use 1 USB per time and only WIFI for the network connection.
>
> Since Debian provides an unofficial netinst image for i386/amd64/powerpc
> with the non-free firmware, I go and download the ISO[2] and make a
> bootable USB installer.
>
> But when I during the installation process (on "detect network hardware"
> phase),   debian-installer dialog  asked me to load 2 firmware which is
> iwIwifi-2030-6.ucode and  iwIwifi-2030-5.ucode  .. I feel perplexed about
> this. So I checked the USB, it already have the firmware but with deb
> package format:
>
> /firmware/firmware-iwlwifi_20201218-3_all.deb
> /pool/non-free/f/firmware-nonfree/firmware-iwlwifi_20201218-3_all.deb
>
> Seems this firmware load on the next stage which is after network setup
> and after do the partitioning stuff. I wonder why, since this is netinst I
> need network working from the during installation process, not after that.
>
> Question :
> a) Is it possible to do self modification on the installation script so
> the wifi chip will be available and working during the installation process
> so I can pull the packages that I want during installation from Debian
> mirror. If yes, how and if no, please suggest me some solutions that don't
> need me to fix LAN port, buy cable and router (since I use wifi hotspot
> from my phone)
>
> The precompile firmware are available here[3] and here[4]
>
> TLDR; I want  firmware-iwlwifi  already loaded and working during Debian
> installation phase, not after install.
>
> [1] https://wiki.debian.org/NVIDIA%20Optimus#PRIMEOffload
> [2]
> http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/images-including-firmware/weekly-builds/amd64/iso-cd/firmware-testing-amd64-netinst.iso
> [3]
> https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/_media/en/users/drivers/iwlwifi-2030-ucode-18.168.6.1.tgz
> [4] https://github.com/OpenELEC/iwlwifi-firmware/tree/master/firmware
>

Re: is it possible to add a secondary disk to an existing debian systems and install programs to the secondary disk

[Semih Ozlem]

lvs is in which package?
closest I can find are:
 from apt search
(i) netgen-lvs/stable 1.5.118-1 amd64
  Netlist comparison - Layout vs Schematic (LVS)
from google or yandex search
(ii) https://github.com/alibaba/LVS

martin f krafft , 23 Şub 2021 Sal, 13:30 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> Semih,
>
> Maybe I can provide a quick and easy solution, depending on what happens
> when you type
>
> $ sudo lvs
>
> into a terminal. Could you let us know what that spits out?
>
> Thanks,
> --
> .''`. martin f. krafft madduck@d.o @martinkrafft
> :' : proud Debian developer
>
> .'http://people.debian.org/~madduck- Debian - when you have better things
> to do than fixing systems
>
>
> the security, stability and reliability of a computer system
>
> is reciprocally proportional to
>
> the amount of vacuity between the ears of the admin.
>

Re: clamav installation question

[Semih Ozlem]

I am able to install clamav and clamav-daemon. It appears in dpkg -l
results. The problem is it is not functioning properly. So I am wondering
if anyone else had similar issues or not.

Patrick Bartek , 26 Şub 2021 Cum, 00:34 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> On Thu, 25 Feb 2021 23:17:52 +0300
> Semih Ozlem  wrote:
>
> > Hi everyone
> >
> > When I try to install clamav I am getting errots
> > When I try to follow installation instructions from debian's site
> > instruction
> >
> > (i) clamav-data package is not available in the repository
> > (ii) freshclam gives the error
> > "!checkdbdir: Can't ope directory /var/lib/clamav/"
> > (iii) I can't be sure if it is running or not. systemctl status
> > clamav-daemon.service states it to be inactive.
> >
> > when I try to follow the instructions on clamav's site
> >
> > check-devel package is a requirement but is unavailable in debian
> > repository.
>
> Check your apt sources.list is set up.  Also, you have to be root to
> install packages.
>
> B
>
>

Re: clamav installation question

[Semih Ozlem]

user@debian:~$ sudo systemctl status clamav-daemon.service
● clamav-daemon.service - Clam AntiVirus userspace daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/clamav-daemon.service; enabled;
vendor preset: enabled)
  Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/clamav-daemon.service.d
   └─extend.conf
   Active: inactive (dead)
Condition: start condition failed at Fri 2021-02-26 10:15:57 +03; 1min 30s
ago
   └─ ConditionPathExistsGlob=/var/lib/clamav/daily.{c[vl]d,inc}
was not met
 Docs: man:clamd(8)
   man:clamd.conf(5)
   https://www.clamav.net/documents/

Feb 26 10:15:57 debian systemd[1]: Condition check resulted in Clam
AntiVirus userspace daemon being skipped.

Charles Curley , 26 Şub 2021 Cum, 09:54
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> On Fri, 26 Feb 2021 08:58:06 +0300
> Semih Ozlem  wrote:
>
> > I am able to install clamav and clamav-daemon. It appears in dpkg -l
> > results. The problem is it is not functioning properly. So I am
> > wondering if anyone else had similar issues or not.
>
> Can you be a bit more explicit? What did you get, and what were you
> expecting?
>
> --
> Does anybody read signatures any more?
>
> https://charlescurley.com
> https://charlescurley.com/blog/
>
>

Re: clamav installation question

[Semih Ozlem]

Sorry, stopping and restarting the service seems to have solved the problem.

Semih Ozlem , 26 Şub 2021 Cum, 10:18
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> user@debian:~$ sudo systemctl status clamav-daemon.service
> ● clamav-daemon.service - Clam AntiVirus userspace daemon
>Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/clamav-daemon.service; enabled;
> vendor preset: enabled)
>   Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/clamav-daemon.service.d
>└─extend.conf
>Active: inactive (dead)
> Condition: start condition failed at Fri 2021-02-26 10:15:57 +03; 1min 30s
> ago
>└─ ConditionPathExistsGlob=/var/lib/clamav/daily.{c[vl]d,inc}
> was not met
>  Docs: man:clamd(8)
>man:clamd.conf(5)
>https://www.clamav.net/documents/
>
> Feb 26 10:15:57 debian systemd[1]: Condition check resulted in Clam
> AntiVirus userspace daemon being skipped.
>
> Charles Curley , 26 Şub 2021 Cum, 09:54
> tarihinde şunu yazdı:
>
>> On Fri, 26 Feb 2021 08:58:06 +0300
>> Semih Ozlem  wrote:
>>
>> > I am able to install clamav and clamav-daemon. It appears in dpkg -l
>> > results. The problem is it is not functioning properly. So I am
>> > wondering if anyone else had similar issues or not.
>>
>> Can you be a bit more explicit? What did you get, and what were you
>> expecting?
>>
>> --
>> Does anybody read signatures any more?
>>
>> https://charlescurley.com
>> https://charlescurley.com/blog/
>>
>>

Re: is it possible to add a secondary disk to an existing debian systems and install programs to the secondary disk

[Semih Ozlem]

Is lvs linux virtual server?

I am not able to find a command or a file with the name lvs...

Charles Curley , 26 Şub 2021 Cum, 09:53
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> On Fri, 26 Feb 2021 08:54:16 +0300
> Semih Ozlem  wrote:
>
> > lvs is in which package?
> > closest I can find are:
> >  from apt search
> > (i) netgen-lvs/stable 1.5.118-1 amd64
> >   Netlist comparison - Layout vs Schematic (LVS)
> > from google or yandex search
> > (ii) https://github.com/alibaba/LVS
>
> charles@hawk:~$ apt-file search /lvs | grep lvs$
> bash-completion: /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/lvs
> lvm2: /sbin/lvs
> charles@hawk:~$
>
> P.s. please don't top post. That is, put your reply after what you are
> replying to. It's much easier to read. Thanks
>
> --
> Does anybody read signatures any more?
>
> https://charlescurley.com
> https://charlescurley.com/blog/
>
>

Re: is it possible to add a secondary disk to an existing debian systems and install programs to the secondary disk

[Semih Ozlem]

Sorry I can not read emails very often. No I am not new to linux I have
been using it for the past 6 or 7 years starting mostly with ubuntu. I had
CENTOS and Ubuntu and debian installed on some machines before.  Most of
them stopped functioning. Some of them in less than six months.

I am new to the debian users group, because I found out that a user group
existed much later. During this time I had a lot of issues with computers.
The new computer that I got, originally the store claimed that the
insurance on my machine would be invalidated if I installed another
operation system on the machine.

The reason for hesitating to install debian right now is simply that the
machines may become unusable again, and the invested time and machinepower
to installing a machine may end up being wasted. The other reason was the
claim that insurance may become invalid which later turned out not to be
so, but only after asking the company that sells the computer several
times. The third reason is I simply do not at the moment have the time to
backup the existing hard drive before installing a new operating system on
it, and also that should it become unusable or stop functioning (I had
debian installed on a usb 64 gb of size that stopped booting)..

Yes I did figure out that it was lvm2 package that was needed, and lvs is
actually one of the internal commands for lvm2 as well so it could be run
from the console lvm2 prodives. I am looking into the option of using lvm.



Greg Wooledge , 26 Şub 2021 Cum, 20:42 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> Charles Curley (charlescur...@charlescurley.com) wrote:
> > I also made the mistake of figuring that getting lvs installed would
> > help solve the problem. I later realized that getting lvs installed
> > would be irrelevant: the fact that it is not installed tells us what
> > we needed to know: M. Ozlem isn't running LVM, so the solution to the
> > problem is not simply to expand the current volume group (VG) onto the
> > new hard drive. There is no current VG to expand.
> >
> > So where do we go from here?
>
> Yes, all of that is true and useful.
>
> The real problem, though, is that the OP apparently *does not have* a
> Debian installation at all.  They're just sticking a Live USB thingy
> into a computer and running Debian from that.  Debian is not installed
> on their computer, and they've stated that they have no intention of
> installing it on their computer -- at least not on the current hard
> drive which is dedicated to Microsoft Windows.
>
> Once we learned that, I pretty much stopped paying attention to anything
> else they said.
>
> I'm guessing that their goal is to keep booting from their Live USB
> thingy, but to use a second hard drive (which does not exist yet) as
> some sort of auxiliary storage that will magically hold whatever they
> want to install.
>
> I might suggest that a *better* goal would be to install Debian on the
> new hard drive (once it exists), and stop booting the Live system.
>
>

Re: is it possible to add a secondary disk to an existing debian systems and install programs to the secondary disk

[Semih Ozlem]

Also even though I have been using linux for a while, that still does not
mean that I would know everything about linux or that there would be no
details that I miss...

Semih Ozlem , 27 Şub 2021 Cmt, 11:30
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> Sorry I can not read emails very often. No I am not new to linux I have
> been using it for the past 6 or 7 years starting mostly with ubuntu. I had
> CENTOS and Ubuntu and debian installed on some machines before.  Most of
> them stopped functioning. Some of them in less than six months.
>
> I am new to the debian users group, because I found out that a user group
> existed much later. During this time I had a lot of issues with computers.
> The new computer that I got, originally the store claimed that the
> insurance on my machine would be invalidated if I installed another
> operation system on the machine.
>
> The reason for hesitating to install debian right now is simply that the
> machines may become unusable again, and the invested time and machinepower
> to installing a machine may end up being wasted. The other reason was the
> claim that insurance may become invalid which later turned out not to be
> so, but only after asking the company that sells the computer several
> times. The third reason is I simply do not at the moment have the time to
> backup the existing hard drive before installing a new operating system on
> it, and also that should it become unusable or stop functioning (I had
> debian installed on a usb 64 gb of size that stopped booting)..
>
> Yes I did figure out that it was lvm2 package that was needed, and lvs is
> actually one of the internal commands for lvm2 as well so it could be run
> from the console lvm2 prodives. I am looking into the option of using lvm.
>
>
>
> Greg Wooledge , 26 Şub 2021 Cum, 20:42 tarihinde şunu
> yazdı:
>
>> Charles Curley (charlescur...@charlescurley.com) wrote:
>> > I also made the mistake of figuring that getting lvs installed would
>> > help solve the problem. I later realized that getting lvs installed
>> > would be irrelevant: the fact that it is not installed tells us what
>> > we needed to know: M. Ozlem isn't running LVM, so the solution to the
>> > problem is not simply to expand the current volume group (VG) onto the
>> > new hard drive. There is no current VG to expand.
>> >
>> > So where do we go from here?
>>
>> Yes, all of that is true and useful.
>>
>> The real problem, though, is that the OP apparently *does not have* a
>> Debian installation at all.  They're just sticking a Live USB thingy
>> into a computer and running Debian from that.  Debian is not installed
>> on their computer, and they've stated that they have no intention of
>> installing it on their computer -- at least not on the current hard
>> drive which is dedicated to Microsoft Windows.
>>
>> Once we learned that, I pretty much stopped paying attention to anything
>> else they said.
>>
>> I'm guessing that their goal is to keep booting from their Live USB
>> thingy, but to use a second hard drive (which does not exist yet) as
>> some sort of auxiliary storage that will magically hold whatever they
>> want to install.
>>
>> I might suggest that a *better* goal would be to install Debian on the
>> new hard drive (once it exists), and stop booting the Live system.
>>
>>

Re: is it possible to add a secondary disk to an existing debian systems and install programs to the secondary disk

[Semih Ozlem]

Should I then be suspicious of a possible attack on the system in case the
system fails, if both debian and ubuntu are fairly stable? The usb flash
drives themselves are still functional in the sense that I can view the
files in them after plugging them in. I backed up the data on them. But
when I try to boot from 64 gb usb flash disks (one with ubuntu 18 04 the
other debian 10 point something installed on them) the boot process does
not complete and the login screen does not appear. The two recovery modes
(I guess those are the snapshots no?) do not finish booting either.

Joe , 27 Şub 2021 Cmt, 12:02 tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> On Sat, 27 Feb 2021 11:30:08 +0300
> Semih Ozlem  wrote:
>
> > Sorry I can not read emails very often. No I am not new to linux I
> > have been using it for the past 6 or 7 years starting mostly with
> > ubuntu. I had CENTOS and Ubuntu and debian installed on some machines
> > before.  Most of them stopped functioning. Some of them in less than
> > six months.
>
> OK, that simply should not happen. I don't know if either Centos or
> Ubuntu can do in-place version upgrades, but if not, they should
> certainly run from release to unsupported status. My current server
> installation is a new one, but previously it ran through several
> Debian stable version upgrades and many years, and a couple of changes
> of hardware. There is such a thing as software rot, and it certainly
> affects applications, but the OS of Debian stable should run pretty much
> forever.
> >
> > I am new to the debian users group, because I found out that a user
> > group existed much later. During this time I had a lot of issues with
> > computers. The new computer that I got, originally the store claimed
> > that the insurance on my machine would be invalidated if I installed
> > another operation system on the machine.
> >
> > The reason for hesitating to install debian right now is simply that
> > the machines may become unusable again, and the invested time and
> > machinepower to installing a machine may end up being wasted. The
> > other reason was the claim that insurance may become invalid which
> > later turned out not to be so, but only after asking the company that
> > sells the computer several times.
>
> No software carries any kind of warranty, not even the famous Windows,
> but the warranty should certainly cover the hardware if it isn't
> physically abused. Software warranty service is pretty much limited to
> reinstalling Windows with loss of all data and applications, which any
> user can do themselves.
>
> > The third reason is I simply do not
> > at the moment have the time to backup the existing hard drive before
> > installing a new operating system on it, and also that should it
> > become unusable or stop functioning (I had debian installed on a usb
> > 64 gb of size that stopped booting)..
>
> Ah, USB sticks *do* stop working or lose bits without warning. Well, so
> do spinning hard drives, but not usually in less than about five years,
> often much longer.
> >
> > Yes I did figure out that it was lvm2 package that was needed, and
> > lvs is actually one of the internal commands for lvm2 as well so it
> > could be run from the console lvm2 prodives. I am looking into the
> > option of using lvm.
>
> That's fairly painless to use, as Debian will set it up during the OS
> installation. To be honest, I've had it installed for many years, and
> only occasionally used it. Drives are now large enough that I don't
> outgrow them in the lifetime of the hardware. In addition to adding
> and removing drives, LVM does allow online backups, if you've left
> enough unused space. Read about snapshots.
>
> --
> Joe
>
>

Re: is it possible to add a secondary disk to an existing debian systems and install programs to the secondary disk

[Semih Ozlem]

One potential extra information that could be relevant is that I did use
the flash drives in a university network, and using shared wifi in a hostel
and before in a public library.

Semih Ozlem , 27 Şub 2021 Cmt, 15:19
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> Should I then be suspicious of a possible attack on the system in case the
> system fails, if both debian and ubuntu are fairly stable? The usb flash
> drives themselves are still functional in the sense that I can view the
> files in them after plugging them in. I backed up the data on them. But
> when I try to boot from 64 gb usb flash disks (one with ubuntu 18 04 the
> other debian 10 point something installed on them) the boot process does
> not complete and the login screen does not appear. The two recovery modes
> (I guess those are the snapshots no?) do not finish booting either.
>
> Joe , 27 Şub 2021 Cmt, 12:02 tarihinde şunu yazdı:
>
>> On Sat, 27 Feb 2021 11:30:08 +0300
>> Semih Ozlem  wrote:
>>
>> > Sorry I can not read emails very often. No I am not new to linux I
>> > have been using it for the past 6 or 7 years starting mostly with
>> > ubuntu. I had CENTOS and Ubuntu and debian installed on some machines
>> > before.  Most of them stopped functioning. Some of them in less than
>> > six months.
>>
>> OK, that simply should not happen. I don't know if either Centos or
>> Ubuntu can do in-place version upgrades, but if not, they should
>> certainly run from release to unsupported status. My current server
>> installation is a new one, but previously it ran through several
>> Debian stable version upgrades and many years, and a couple of changes
>> of hardware. There is such a thing as software rot, and it certainly
>> affects applications, but the OS of Debian stable should run pretty much
>> forever.
>> >
>> > I am new to the debian users group, because I found out that a user
>> > group existed much later. During this time I had a lot of issues with
>> > computers. The new computer that I got, originally the store claimed
>> > that the insurance on my machine would be invalidated if I installed
>> > another operation system on the machine.
>> >
>> > The reason for hesitating to install debian right now is simply that
>> > the machines may become unusable again, and the invested time and
>> > machinepower to installing a machine may end up being wasted. The
>> > other reason was the claim that insurance may become invalid which
>> > later turned out not to be so, but only after asking the company that
>> > sells the computer several times.
>>
>> No software carries any kind of warranty, not even the famous Windows,
>> but the warranty should certainly cover the hardware if it isn't
>> physically abused. Software warranty service is pretty much limited to
>> reinstalling Windows with loss of all data and applications, which any
>> user can do themselves.
>>
>> > The third reason is I simply do not
>> > at the moment have the time to backup the existing hard drive before
>> > installing a new operating system on it, and also that should it
>> > become unusable or stop functioning (I had debian installed on a usb
>> > 64 gb of size that stopped booting)..
>>
>> Ah, USB sticks *do* stop working or lose bits without warning. Well, so
>> do spinning hard drives, but not usually in less than about five years,
>> often much longer.
>> >
>> > Yes I did figure out that it was lvm2 package that was needed, and
>> > lvs is actually one of the internal commands for lvm2 as well so it
>> > could be run from the console lvm2 prodives. I am looking into the
>> > option of using lvm.
>>
>> That's fairly painless to use, as Debian will set it up during the OS
>> installation. To be honest, I've had it installed for many years, and
>> only occasionally used it. Drives are now large enough that I don't
>> outgrow them in the lifetime of the hardware. In addition to adding
>> and removing drives, LVM does allow online backups, if you've left
>> enough unused space. Read about snapshots.
>>
>> --
>> Joe
>>
>>

Re: ajuda

[Semih Ozlem]

I am not completely sure of what your problem is from translation, but if
it is only a password problem you can reset the password through probably
following directions at
http://www.debianadmin.com/how-to-reset-debian-root-password.html or
https://www.tecmint.com/reset-forgotten-root-password-in-debian/
The first page suggests editing grub file and then logging in root and
resetting the password.
If changing the password is not the real problem then
https://www.debian.org/support for more general information...

It could sometimes be that pressing caps lock by mistake the password you
entered results in wrong password entry. The fact that synaptic works with
the password probably means some problem like that could be the issue.
I am also facing a similar issue, when I boot the machine grub menu
sometimes appears and I have to execute the commands "set
prefix=(diskname,diskpartition)/boot/grub" "set
root=(diskname,diskpartition)" "insmod normal" "normal" almost every time I
boot. But not sure if that would work in your case since it may not be the
same problem.

For synaptic manager, needs to be run in administrator mode, for example
sudo synaptic
from command line
and it is only necessary to use synaptic if you would like a graphical user
interface.
sudo apt-get install packagename
installs programs. And you need enough disk space to install a package. If
you don't then installation won't complete.
apt-cache show packagename
will display details about the package you intend to install

I am also having issues with running Synaptic due to Wayland, and if you
are using debian 10 with wayland, synaptic may not be working
automatically, but it should be possible to resolve that problem (though I
am not sure how) And you probably don't have that problem.

---
Oi Luis,
Não estou completamente certo de qual é o seu problema de tradução, mas se
for apenas um problema de senha você pode redefinir a senha provavelmente
seguindo as instruções em
http://www.debianadmin.com/how-to-reset-debian-root -password.html ou
https://www.tecmint.com/reset-forgotten-root-password-in-debian/

A primeira página sugere a edição do arquivo grub e então o login como root
e redefinir a senha. Se mudar a senha não for o problema real,
https://www.debian.org/support
para mais informações gerais ...

Às vezes, pode ser que pressionar caps lock por engano a senha inserida
resulta na entrada de senha incorreta. O fato de o synaptic funcionar com a
senha provavelmente significa que algum problema como esse pode ser o
problema.

Também estou enfrentando um problema semelhante, quando inicializo a
máquina, o menu grub às vezes aparece e tenho que executar os comandos "set
prefix = (diskname, diskpartition) / boot / grub" "set root = (diskname,
diskpartition)" "insmod normal "" normal "quase toda vez que eu inicializo.
Mas não tenho certeza se isso funcionaria no seu caso, pois pode não ser o
mesmo problema.
Para o gerenciador sináptico, precisa ser executado no modo de
administrador, por exemplo sudo synaptic da linha de comando e é necessário
usar o sináptico apenas se desejar um gráfico user interface. "sudo apt-get
install packagename" instala programas. E você precisa de espaço em disco
suficiente para instalar um pacote. Se você não fizer isso, a instalação
não será concluída. "apt-cache show packagename" xibirá detalhes sobre o
pacote que você pretende instalar
Também estou tendo problemas com a execução do Synaptic devido ao Wayland,
e se você estiver usando o debian 10 com o wayland, o Synaptic pode não
estar funcionando automaticamente, mas deve ser possível resolver esse
problema (embora eu não saiba como)



Luis Inocêncio , 27 Şub 2021 Cmt, 20:21 tarihinde
şunu yazdı:

> Boa Tarde
> Desculpem, sou novo no Debian e tudo é novidade e não sei onde conseguirei
> encontrar ajuda para o problema que tenho?? (ou o Debian tem?)
> Tenho o Debian instalado no meu computador, e apesar de ainda só conseguir
> entrar no ambiente do Debian depois de aceder via "comando" nomodeset no
> Grub... :(
> Tentando atualizar o Debian por forma a ir colocando-o
> operacional/funcional logo na minha primeira tentativa a aceder ao root
> (via terminal) esse acesso me é negado (não é aceite a password que
> escolhi???)
> Entretanto com a mesma password consigo aceder ao gestor de Pacotes
> Synaptic - que no entanto não me ajudou (nada) porque através dele tambem
> não foi aceite/instalado nenhum programa do meu interesse.
> Podem me ajudar (ou indicar alguem ou um link) para que consiga fazer o
> Debian ser minimamente util para mim (ter net, mail, office, musica, pdf)
> Fico a aguardar um feedback vosso
> Obrigada
>
> --
> Luis Inocêncio
>

mariadb installation question

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone

I am getting the following error after installing mariadb. Any ideas why
this would be the case
It asks for a root password. I previously installed and uninstalled mysql
and mariadb twice because of errors.

user@debian:/media/user/Windows/usercreatedfolders/debianrepos/mysql$ sudo
mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
  SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
Warning: World-writable config file
'/media/user/Windows/usercreatedfolders/debianrepos/mysql/.my.cnf.1437' is
ignored
ERROR 1156 (08S01): Got packets out of order
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
Aborting!

Cleaning up...

Re: ajuda

[Semih Ozlem]

To clarify the situation

(i) You have installed Debian but not the graphics card yet and you are
having issues with installations because it does not accept the password
that you set up during the installation. You successfully changed either
the root or the user or both passwords? And after the change the sudo
command still did not accept the new password? I have no idea that would be
the case. Maybe some of the more experienced members have an idea.
For installation of NVIDIA https://wiki.debian.org/NvidiaGraphicsDrivers is
a page you can look up ç
(ii) No it is not normal. After you change the password the new one should
work. Normally passwords are changed by the command "sudo passwd username"
from command line which asks for new password and if a password for root
user was set up it would ask for root user's password. If these methods for
changing the password do not work (which I assumed to be the case in my
earlier email) then basically you would have to reset the password in a
configuration file somewhere that I forget and would have to look up. But
maybe someone on the list knows the answer already and upon seeing the
message would reply so do reply to everyone on the list.
(iii) I believe root is the administrative user which can make changes to
the system. But problems do occur I think in whatever system one works
under, but it is my impression that generally people in this list are
helpful in resolving the issues. I hope your experience remains good.
When installing did you create a regular user with a username and password
Does this password with the created username work
Did you ever set up your root password

Luis Inocêncio , 28 Şub 2021 Paz, 01:15 tarihinde
şunu yazdı:

> Boa Noite.
> Antes de mais agradecer a vossa atenção. Deixo abaixo mais detalhadamente
> os problemas que tenho, agora que parece que já consegui instalar (isso
> após tentar se sucesso com outras Distros) pela primeira vez o Debian:
> 1- Tendo uma placa grafica Nvidia (julgo que é por isso) nunca consigo
> entrar diretamente pelo Grub, sem antes trocar na lina relativa ao linux no
> Grub ‘quiet’ por ‘nomodeset’. A primeira duvida é essa, como configurar
> definitivamente isso para não ter que estar sempre a alterar no Grub? Ou
> será que quando conseguir as drives (especificas) do Nvidia isso fica
> resolvido?
> 2- Ao tentar entrar como rooter (no terminal) utilizando sudo -s, apesar
> de inserir corretamente a senha é me sempre informado que a senha não é
> correta e nunca tenho acesso como rooter. Já alterei a senha e o problema
> persiste :( ... Isso apesar de conseguir aceder gestor de pacotes synaptic
>  utilizando no caso exatamente a mesma senha que não é aceite no terminal.
> Isso é normal? Como resolver isso?
> 3- Enfim, preciso conseguir entrar como rooter senão não conseguirei fazer
> nada como o Debian e será até já 100% frustrante minha experiencia com o
> Linux :(
> Agradeço antecipadamente a vossa atenção e ajuda
>
> Good evening. First of all thank you for your attention. I leave below in
> more detail the problems I have, now that it seems that I already managed
> to install (this after trying to be successful with other Distros) for the
> first time Debian: 1- Having an Nvidia graphics card (I think that's why) I
> can never get directly through Grub, without first switching to the linux
> related to Grub 'quiet' by 'nomodeset'. The first question is this, how to
> definitively configure this to not have to be constantly changing in Grub?
> Or will it be that when you get the (specific) Nvidia drives this is
> resolved? 2- When trying to enter as a rooter (in the terminal) using sudo
> -s, despite correctly entering the password, I am always informed that the
> password is not correct and I never have access as a rooter. I have already
> changed the password and the problem persists :( ... That despite being
> able to access synaptic package manager using in this case exactly the same
> password that is not accepted in the terminal. Is this normal? How to solve
> this? 3- Anyway, I need to be able to log in as a rooter otherwise I will
> not be able to do anything like Debian and it will be even 100% frustrating
> my experience with Linux :( Thank you in advance for your attention and help
>
> Em sáb., 27 de fev. de 2021 às 18:33, Semih Ozlem <
> semihozlemlinuxu...@gmail.com> escreveu:
>
>> I am not completely sure of what your problem is from translation, but if
>> it is only a password problem you can reset the password through probably
>> following directions at
>> http://www.debianadmin.com/how-to-reset-debian-root-password.html or
>> https://www.tecmint.com/reset-forgotten-root-password-in-debian/
>> The first page suggests editing grub file and then logging in root and
>> resetting th

Re: ajuda

[Semih Ozlem]

Dear Luis

If you want to try an alternative installation there are isos at
https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/
I am not sure if the isos here will work in your case, and they are claimed
to be unofficial but it may be worth a try.
You would form a usb, if you choose the live version for amd64 type cpus at
https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/10.8.0-live+nonfree/amd64/iso-hybrid/
or for i386 at
https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/10.8.0-live+nonfree/i386/iso-hybrid/
and form a live usb you could check if your machine works with this iso,
and if it does you can install from there. But this means reinstalling, and
it should be possible to install extra packages afterwards an install as
well. There were some previous emails that appeared in this list describing
how to do that.

Are you able to reset your sudo password or has anything changed so that
you are able to install programs

Sincerely



Querido luis
Se você quiser tentar uma configuração alternativa, há iso iso em
https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/.
Não tenho certeza se o iso aqui vai funcionar no seu caso. e afirma-se que
não é oficial, mas vale a pena tentar. Se você escolher a versão live para
amd64 digite cpus em https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/,
você criará um usb.
https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/10.8
para cd-including-firmware / 10.8.0-live + nonfree / amd64 / iso-hybrid /
ou i386. Você pode criar um usb 0-live + nonfree / i386 / iso-hybrid /
live, verifique se sua máquina funciona com esta iso e instale-a de lá se
funcionar. No entanto, isso significa reinstalação e deve ser possível
instalar pacotes extras após a instalação. Alguns e-mails anteriores
apareceram nesta lista descrevendo como fazer isso.
Você consegue redefinir sua senha de sudo ou algo mudou para poder instalar
programas?
Sinceramente

Alberto Sentieri <2...@tripolho.com>, 28 Şub 2021 Paz, 08:53 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> Luis,
>
> 1) Sobre placa NVidia. Eu também tenho uma placa NVidia. Infelizmente esta
> placa tem especificações não públicas, e os drivers open-source nunca
> funcionaram corretamente para mim. A solução que acabei adotando foi
> instalar os drivers da própria Nvidia. Mesmo assim, algumas vezes tenho
> problemas.
>
> 2) Quanto ao comando sudo, o seu usuário tem que ser um membro do grupo
> para poder utilizá-lo. O comando "sudo bash" e o comando "su -" são
> distintos. Para o comando sudo você tem que entrar com a senha do usuário
> corrente. Já para o comando "su -" você tem que entrar com a senha do root.
> Se voce quiser utilizar o comando sudo, você tem que tornar o seu uusário
> um membro do grupo sudoers.
>
> Você poderá descobrir se o seu usuário é membro do grupo sudo através do
> comando:
>
> cat /etc/group|grep sudo
>
> Se a resposta for algo do tipo
>
> sudo:x:27:
>
> Então seu usuário não faz parte do grupo. No entanto, para colocar o seu
> usuário no grupo você tem que ser membro do grupo ou estar logado como root.
>
> Obviamente este comandos tem que ser emitidos de um terminal (terminal
> application).
>
>
> Boa sorte,
>
> Alberto
> On 2/27/21 5:50 PM, Semih Ozlem wrote:
>
> To clarify the situation
>
> (i) You have installed Debian but not the graphics card yet and you are
> having issues with installations because it does not accept the password
> that you set up during the installation. You successfully changed either
> the root or the user or both passwords? And after the change the sudo
> command still did not accept the new password? I have no idea that would be
> the case. Maybe some of the more experienced members have an idea.
> For installation of NVIDIA https://wiki.debian.org/NvidiaGraphicsDrivers
> is a page you can look up ç
> (ii) No it is not normal. After you change the password the new one should
> work. Normally passwords are changed by the command "sudo passwd username"
> from command line which asks for new password and if a password for root
> user was set up it would ask for root user's password. If these methods for
> changing the password do not work (which I assumed to be the case in my
> earlier email) then basically you would have to reset the password in a
> configuration file somewhere that I forget and would have to look up. But
> maybe someone on the list knows the answer already and upon seeing the
> message would reply so do reply to everyone on the list.
> (iii) I believe root is the administrative user which can make changes to
> the system. But problems do occur I think in whatever system one works
> under, but it is my impression that generally people in

Verifying authenticity of Debian CDs

[Semih Ozlem]

On the web page
https://www.debian.org/CD/verify
I am trying to follow the next paragraph.
"To ensure that the checksums files themselves are correct, use GnuPG to
verify them against the accompanying signature files (e.g. SHA512SUMS.sign).
The keys used for these signatures are all in the Debian GPG keyring
<https://keyring.debian.org> and the best way to check them is to use that
keyring to validate via the web of trust."

when I run the command
gpg --verify SHAxSUM.sign SHAxSUM
I get a message saying that

Can't check signature: No public key

How should I proceed to get the necessary public key.
I tried following the link on this page to https://keyring.debian.org/
but I was not able to follow what to do. I tried simple copy and paste of
commands on this page, or their small variants, but was not able to get any
results.

Can someone help please

Thank you in advance.

Semih Ozlem

issues with storage media

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi I ran into the following problems a few times.
As operating system I use debian 10 (.2 gnome) and ubuntu 18, 19, (recently
20).

Question 1 An external hard disk that I use (which is I think possibly
failing) was formatted in NTFS. While I was working on a machine at the
university where I used to work, all files disappeared, and reappeared and
the format of the disk was changed to FAT or something like that. I have no
idea why and how this happened. Does anyone have any clues

Question 2 I use usbs to store the files I work with. Quite a few times
when working with linux systems, the usbs refused to mount, giving wrong fs
type blaah blaah error. This was a usb that I used and stored files to
working under linux, and I do not remember the exact format on the disk. I
tried various programs to recover the files, and in some cases I was able
to recover some in other cases I was not able to. Sometimes I was able to
format the usb to be able to use it again, a few times I was unable to.
What methods are available to recover data, and what to do when something
like this happens.


Thank you in advance

question concerning wifi and connection

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi

For some reason wifi is too slow or connection gets interrupted or
downloads get stuck. When switching to wireful connection problem seems
resolved.

Also on a few cases when connecting through public wireless with a
password, after switching off the wireless connection the connection
refused to come back. On another occasion, the gui wireless menu did not
work. command nmcli wireless radio on did not work either. Any ideas why
that might happen

Re: aptitude: a way to reinstall a package and all its dependents?

[Semih Ozlem]

Also dpkg has the following options to check files,  dpkg -V packagename
for verifying, dpkg -C packagename for auditing

   -V, --verify [package-name...]
  Verifies the integrity of package-name or all packages if
omitted, by comparing information from the files installed by a package
with the files metadata information
  stored  in the dpkg database (since dpkg 1.17.2).  The origin
of the files metadata information in the database is the binary packages
themselves. That metadata gets
  collected at package unpack time during the installation
process.

  Currently the only functional check performed is an md5sum
verification of the file contents against the stored value in  the  files
 database.   It  will  only  get
  checked if the database contains the file md5sum. To check
for any missing metadata in the database, the --audit command can be used.

  The  output  format  is  selectable with the --verify-format
option, which by default uses the rpm format, but that might change in the
future, and as such, programs
  parsing this command output should be explicit about the
format they expect.

   -C, --audit [package-name...]
  Performs database sanity and consistency checks for
package-name or all packages if omitted (per package checks since  dpkg
 1.17.10).   For  example,  searches  for
  packages that have been installed only partially on your
system or that have missing, wrong or obsolete control data or files. dpkg
will suggest what to do with them
  to get them fixed.

Sven Joachim , 31 Tem 2020 Cum, 19:43 tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> On 2020-07-31 15:10 +0200, local10 wrote:
>
> > Am looking for a way to reinstall a package and all "subpackages" the
> > package depends on. Normally I use aptitude to install packages.
>
> Something like this should do the trick:
>
> # aptitude reinstall mypackage '~i~Rmypackage'
>
> See the "Search term reference" in the aptitude user manual[1].
> I haven't found a way to that recursively.
>
> Cheers,
>Sven
>
>
> 1. https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/aptitude/ch02s04s05.en.html
>
>

openssh-server

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi,

I am trying to connect to a debian machine with openssh-server installed.
When I try to connect, I get the message "connection timed out". I am not
sure if this group is the right place to address this issue, but is there a
configuration file that needs to be adjusted to fix the issue. What is the
right place to address this question to

Thank you

Semih

Re: openssh-server

[Semih Ozlem]

Regarding previous question on ssh server
Both machines are in the same home network, connected to the internet
through modem.
One machine is running on windows the other on debian. (I tried running the
windows machine from debian as well and that did not work either.)
When I run localhost on the debian machine, the openssh-server is running,
and can connect to it from the same machine.
When I run openssh-server on the windows machine, I am able to connect to
it from debian.
When I run openssh-server from debian, I am not able to connect to it from
the other machine regardless of it working as a windows or debian machine.


Greg Wooledge , 17 Ağu 2020 Pzt, 20:53 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> On Mon, Aug 17, 2020 at 08:49:11PM +0300, Semih Ozlem wrote:
> > I am trying to connect to a debian machine with openssh-server installed.
> > When I try to connect, I get the message "connection timed out". I am not
> > sure if this group is the right place to address this issue, but is
> there a
> > configuration file that needs to be adjusted to fix the issue. What is
> the
> > right place to address this question to
>
> Test locally first: does "ssh localhost" work on the Debian system?  If
> so, then you know the service is running and working.
>
> Test next from another host on the same LAN as the Debian system.  If
> that works, then you know there's no firewall preventing access to the
> Debian system from the LAN.
>
> Then test from outside the LAN.
>
> You've given no details.  How are the client and the server connected?
> What command are you running on the client?  Specifically, what hostname
> or IP address are you using on the client?  If it's a hostname, is DNS
> resolving it correctly?  Are you able to ping the Debian system from the
> client?
>
>

Re: openssh-server

[Semih Ozlem]

also pinging works

Semih Ozlem , 17 Ağu 2020 Pzt, 20:59
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> Regarding previous question on ssh server
> Both machines are in the same home network, connected to the internet
> through modem.
> One machine is running on windows the other on debian. (I tried running
> the windows machine from debian as well and that did not work either.)
> When I run localhost on the debian machine, the openssh-server is running,
> and can connect to it from the same machine.
> When I run openssh-server on the windows machine, I am able to connect to
> it from debian.
> When I run openssh-server from debian, I am not able to connect to it from
> the other machine regardless of it working as a windows or debian machine.
>
>
> Greg Wooledge , 17 Ağu 2020 Pzt, 20:53 tarihinde
> şunu yazdı:
>
>> On Mon, Aug 17, 2020 at 08:49:11PM +0300, Semih Ozlem wrote:
>> > I am trying to connect to a debian machine with openssh-server
>> installed.
>> > When I try to connect, I get the message "connection timed out". I am
>> not
>> > sure if this group is the right place to address this issue, but is
>> there a
>> > configuration file that needs to be adjusted to fix the issue. What is
>> the
>> > right place to address this question to
>>
>> Test locally first: does "ssh localhost" work on the Debian system?  If
>> so, then you know the service is running and working.
>>
>> Test next from another host on the same LAN as the Debian system.  If
>> that works, then you know there's no firewall preventing access to the
>> Debian system from the LAN.
>>
>> Then test from outside the LAN.
>>
>> You've given no details.  How are the client and the server connected?
>> What command are you running on the client?  Specifically, what hostname
>> or IP address are you using on the client?  If it's a hostname, is DNS
>> resolving it correctly?  Are you able to ping the Debian system from the
>> client?
>>
>>

Re: openssh-server

[Semih Ozlem]

Sorry for the trailing list of emails, I just realized the firewall was
preventing the connection. After disabling ssh connection works. However I
would like to ask how I can configure firewall so that I can have ssh
working, instead of simply disabling it.

Semih Ozlem , 17 Ağu 2020 Pzt, 21:00
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> also pinging works
>
> Semih Ozlem , 17 Ağu 2020 Pzt, 20:59
> tarihinde şunu yazdı:
>
>> Regarding previous question on ssh server
>> Both machines are in the same home network, connected to the internet
>> through modem.
>> One machine is running on windows the other on debian. (I tried running
>> the windows machine from debian as well and that did not work either.)
>> When I run localhost on the debian machine, the openssh-server is
>> running, and can connect to it from the same machine.
>> When I run openssh-server on the windows machine, I am able to connect to
>> it from debian.
>> When I run openssh-server from debian, I am not able to connect to it
>> from the other machine regardless of it working as a windows or debian
>> machine.
>>
>>
>> Greg Wooledge , 17 Ağu 2020 Pzt, 20:53 tarihinde
>> şunu yazdı:
>>
>>> On Mon, Aug 17, 2020 at 08:49:11PM +0300, Semih Ozlem wrote:
>>> > I am trying to connect to a debian machine with openssh-server
>>> installed.
>>> > When I try to connect, I get the message "connection timed out". I am
>>> not
>>> > sure if this group is the right place to address this issue, but is
>>> there a
>>> > configuration file that needs to be adjusted to fix the issue. What is
>>> the
>>> > right place to address this question to
>>>
>>> Test locally first: does "ssh localhost" work on the Debian system?  If
>>> so, then you know the service is running and working.
>>>
>>> Test next from another host on the same LAN as the Debian system.  If
>>> that works, then you know there's no firewall preventing access to the
>>> Debian system from the LAN.
>>>
>>> Then test from outside the LAN.
>>>
>>> You've given no details.  How are the client and the server connected?
>>> What command are you running on the client?  Specifically, what hostname
>>> or IP address are you using on the client?  If it's a hostname, is DNS
>>> resolving it correctly?  Are you able to ping the Debian system from the
>>> client?
>>>
>>>

Re: openssh-server

[Semih Ozlem]

And thanks to Greg for the quick response.

Semih Ozlem , 17 Ağu 2020 Pzt, 21:03
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> Sorry for the trailing list of emails, I just realized the firewall was
> preventing the connection. After disabling ssh connection works. However I
> would like to ask how I can configure firewall so that I can have ssh
> working, instead of simply disabling it.
>
> Semih Ozlem , 17 Ağu 2020 Pzt, 21:00
> tarihinde şunu yazdı:
>
>> also pinging works
>>
>> Semih Ozlem , 17 Ağu 2020 Pzt, 20:59
>> tarihinde şunu yazdı:
>>
>>> Regarding previous question on ssh server
>>> Both machines are in the same home network, connected to the internet
>>> through modem.
>>> One machine is running on windows the other on debian. (I tried running
>>> the windows machine from debian as well and that did not work either.)
>>> When I run localhost on the debian machine, the openssh-server is
>>> running, and can connect to it from the same machine.
>>> When I run openssh-server on the windows machine, I am able to connect
>>> to it from debian.
>>> When I run openssh-server from debian, I am not able to connect to it
>>> from the other machine regardless of it working as a windows or debian
>>> machine.
>>>
>>>
>>> Greg Wooledge , 17 Ağu 2020 Pzt, 20:53 tarihinde
>>> şunu yazdı:
>>>
>>>> On Mon, Aug 17, 2020 at 08:49:11PM +0300, Semih Ozlem wrote:
>>>> > I am trying to connect to a debian machine with openssh-server
>>>> installed.
>>>> > When I try to connect, I get the message "connection timed out". I am
>>>> not
>>>> > sure if this group is the right place to address this issue, but is
>>>> there a
>>>> > configuration file that needs to be adjusted to fix the issue. What
>>>> is the
>>>> > right place to address this question to
>>>>
>>>> Test locally first: does "ssh localhost" work on the Debian system?  If
>>>> so, then you know the service is running and working.
>>>>
>>>> Test next from another host on the same LAN as the Debian system.  If
>>>> that works, then you know there's no firewall preventing access to the
>>>> Debian system from the LAN.
>>>>
>>>> Then test from outside the LAN.
>>>>
>>>> You've given no details.  How are the client and the server connected?
>>>> What command are you running on the client?  Specifically, what hostname
>>>> or IP address are you using on the client?  If it's a hostname, is DNS
>>>> resolving it correctly?  Are you able to ping the Debian system from the
>>>> client?
>>>>
>>>>

Re: openssh-server

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi Greg,
Sorry for lack of details in my response, it was just a tiring day because
almost the whole day passed and finally the issue is at least temporarily
resolved, and one gets somewhat forgetful. the firewall was enabled on the
debian machine, and I am trying to connect to the debian machine from
windows machine. After disabling firewall in debian machine ssh connection
from the windows machine to debian machine (where the ssh server is
located) works. However, I presume that disabling firewall makes the
machine vulnerable, so this is not entirely a good solution. I am just
reading firewall rules to set up firewall so that ssh connection would be
allowed. Apologies if this is too simple a question.


Greg Wooledge , 17 Ağu 2020 Pzt, 21:17 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> On Mon, Aug 17, 2020 at 08:12:32PM +0200, john doe wrote:
> > On 8/17/2020 8:04 PM, Semih Ozlem wrote:
> > > And thanks to Greg for the quick response.
> > >
> > > Semih Ozlem , 17 Ağu 2020 Pzt, 21:03
> > > tarihinde şunu yazdı:
> > >
> > > > Sorry for the trailing list of emails, I just realized the firewall
> was
> > > > preventing the connection. After disabling ssh connection works.
> However I
> > > > would like to ask how I can configure firewall so that I can have ssh
> > > > working, instead of simply disabling it.
> > > >
> >
> > Per default SSH uses port '22' with the protocol 'tcp'.
> >
> > So you need to open that inbound port!
>
> I'm guessing the issue was the *outbound* connection on the client, and
> that the firewall in question is on the Windows client.
>
> It's amazing how many emails this person sends and how incredibly lacking
> in detail each one is.
>
>

question on different hardware

[Semih Ozlem]

Can debian be installed or run from a machine with an intel atom processor
specificall z7320

question regarding no space left on device message

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi,

When I try installing some programs while running debian live from a usb, I
get a message saying that there is no space left on device.
I presume this means that the space allocated on the usb for debian is not
enough to install the program in question.
I am wondering if there is a way to attach another device so that this
problem can be overcome. I am wondering how to do tell debian system that
the externally attached memory device can be used to install programs.

Thank you

Re: question regarding no space left on device message

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi Brian,

It helps partially, but I think (I have not yet tried it in a particular
case) the problem is not in var/cache/apt/archives ... Even if the
necessary packages are stored someplace else, if the system you are running
is low on space, then the system won't be able to complete the
installation, and give a no space left on device error.

Brian , 21 Ağu 2020 Cum, 13:33 tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> On Fri 21 Aug 2020 at 12:35:02 +0300, Semih Ozlem wrote:
>
> > Hi,
> >
> > When I try installing some programs while running debian live from a
> usb, I
> > get a message saying that there is no space left on device.
> > I presume this means that the space allocated on the usb for debian is
> not
> > enough to install the program in question.
> > I am wondering if there is a way to attach another device so that this
> > problem can be overcome. I am wondering how to do tell debian system that
> > the externally attached memory device can be used to install programs.
>
> I wonder whether Section 4.4.3 of the Release Notes helps?
>
> --
> Brian.
>
>

Re: question regarding no space left on device message

[Semih Ozlem]

I used "dd if=isofilename of=devicename" and when using this command I use
a blank usb or one with a partition, and device name gets filled with the
partition that will be overwritten if anything was previously on it.

Thomas Schmitt , 21 Ağu 2020 Cum, 14:14 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> Hi,
>
> Semih Ozlem wrote:
> > Hi Thomas,
>
> (You need to reply to the list, not to my mail address directly.)
>
>
> > the computer has 4gb RAM
>
> This should suffice for a RAM based session.
> But if you add large software packages, then 4 GB for everything will at
> some point not be enough.
>
>
> >
> https://cdimage.debian.org/mirror/cdimage/archive/10.3.0-live/amd64/iso-hybrid/
>
> ... and which of the .iso images exactly ?
>
>
> > I burned the iso from a previous live usb
>
> "Burn" is not really a technical term in repect to USB sticks.
>
> So you did something to put the ISO onto the stick. What exactly ?
>
>
> > I did not change anything on the usb stick other than installing it (only
> > set up partitions before burning the iso so that a separate portion would
> > remain to save files)
>
> Well, some of the potential methods to put the ISO onto stick will as
> first overwrite any previous partitioning. If you partitioning survived
> unchenged, then your "burning" method probably unpacks to ISO in some way.
>
> But you should really give more tangible info which could help to
> reproduce your problems. Don't assume that we know what you do.
>
>
> Have a nice day :)
>
> Thomas
>
>

Re: question regarding no space left on device message

[Semih Ozlem]

Also if one creates a partition on some device, say /dev/sda becomes
/dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sda3 after partitioning (which can be done with
gnome disk utility, or gparted, or from the command line, and I forget the
exact commands now probably "parted mkpart") then "dd if=isofilename.iso
of=/dev/sda1" is an instance of placing iso file onto a device that I use.
Someone one the list recommended additional options " dd if=isofilename
of=devicename obs=4M status=progress oflag=sync" so that the writing
process occurs at the right speed (obs option) and it displays progress
status, and I am not sure about the last option oflag=sync. but even
without these options the writing works. And if anyone has additional
comments to this, please enlighten us.

Semih Ozlem , 21 Ağu 2020 Cum, 14:23
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> I used "dd if=isofilename of=devicename" and when using this command I use
> a blank usb or one with a partition, and device name gets filled with the
> partition that will be overwritten if anything was previously on it.
>
> Thomas Schmitt , 21 Ağu 2020 Cum, 14:14 tarihinde şunu
> yazdı:
>
>> Hi,
>>
>> Semih Ozlem wrote:
>> > Hi Thomas,
>>
>> (You need to reply to the list, not to my mail address directly.)
>>
>>
>> > the computer has 4gb RAM
>>
>> This should suffice for a RAM based session.
>> But if you add large software packages, then 4 GB for everything will at
>> some point not be enough.
>>
>>
>> >
>> https://cdimage.debian.org/mirror/cdimage/archive/10.3.0-live/amd64/iso-hybrid/
>>
>> ... and which of the .iso images exactly ?
>>
>>
>> > I burned the iso from a previous live usb
>>
>> "Burn" is not really a technical term in repect to USB sticks.
>>
>> So you did something to put the ISO onto the stick. What exactly ?
>>
>>
>> > I did not change anything on the usb stick other than installing it
>> (only
>> > set up partitions before burning the iso so that a separate portion
>> would
>> > remain to save files)
>>
>> Well, some of the potential methods to put the ISO onto stick will as
>> first overwrite any previous partitioning. If you partitioning survived
>> unchenged, then your "burning" method probably unpacks to ISO in some way.
>>
>> But you should really give more tangible info which could help to
>> reproduce your problems. Don't assume that we know what you do.
>>
>>
>> Have a nice day :)
>>
>> Thomas
>>
>>

Re: question regarding no space left on device message

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi Thomas,

Thank you for your email and recommendation. It seems that knoppix uses
less ram. However I do not know how to install new programs in knoppix
(still there is apt-get install as a command, but debian packages no longer
seem to work, and I do not know which packages work with knoppix system,
and I believe this is a forum on debian so I am not sure where to ask the
knoppix questions.) I also can not adjust screen brightness, and I had to
boot with secure boot disabled.
Thomas Schmitt , 21 Ağu 2020 Cum, 14:56 tarihinde şunu
yazdı:

> Hi,
>
> Semih Ozlem wrote:
> > I used "dd if=isofilename of=devicename"
>
> So the partition table afterwards is the one which came with the ISO.
> MBR based, but accompanied by an invalid GPT.
>
> Further, this implies that your Live system is only running on RAM
> and not using a writable system disk.
>
> --
>
> You could add a data partition on the USB stick to store all extra
> data there. But for that you would probably have to set up the partition
> usage every time you start the system. (Mount partition, move data from
> RAM disk to USB stick, install symbolic link from RAM disk to partition
> ...)
>
> I would not strive for such a contraption, unless for the sake of art.
>
>
> If i'd want to stay with a Live system, i'd use more RAM.
> Else i would consider a normal installation, as mentioned by David
> Christensen.
>
> A compromise might be Knoppix, which is prepared to expand its data
> partition up to the end of the UBS stick when it gets bootet from that
> stick for the first time. (Put the ISO onto the stick like you did
> with Debian Live.)
>
> http://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/linux/knoppix-dvd/KNOPPIX_V8.6.1-2019-10-14-EN.iso
>
> http://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/linux/knoppix-dvd/KNOPPIX_V8.6.1-2019-10-14-EN.iso.sha256.asc
> Knoppix might be prepared to put all additionally installed .deb packages
> onto the data partition. You'll have to try.
>
> --
>
> > Also if one creates a partition on some device, say /dev/sda becomes
> > /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sda3 after partitioning (which can be done with
> > gnome disk utility, or gparted, or from the command line, and I forget
> the
> > exact commands now probably "parted mkpart") then "dd if=isofilename.iso
> > of=/dev/sda1" is an instance of placing iso file onto a device that I
> use.
>
> That would be wrong, unless the stick is equipped with an own boot loader
> which can chainload the ISO's boot loader from the partition. Something
> like is described in
>
> https://www.pendrivelinux.com/boot-multiple-iso-from-usb-via-grub2-using-linux/#more-5352
> You don't get that from partition editors.
>
>
> > I am not sure about the last option oflag=sync
>
> It causes the i/o system to take the data only as fast from dd as fast
> as it can be written to the stick. No large buffering in RAM shall happen.
> It's a good companion for status=progress in order to see steady and
> realistic progress messages.
>
>
> Have a nice day :)
>
> Thomas
>
>

hard disk and sub flash disk issues

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi Everyone

Fist of all many thanks for sharing your knowledge and experience.

Here are the issues I am facing

(i) I accidentally turned one of the partitions on the hard disk of the
machine I currently have to linux swap. That partition contained files that
I may need to review or use later. Is there a way to recove those files and
if so how

(ii) I installed debian and ubuntu on various usb flash disks of size 64 gb
or 32 gb or even I think 16 gb not live systems but either full
installations or some persistence. Some of them broke down meaning they
wont boot or run a full system they may drop to busybox or simply refuse to
start at all. Some of those filesystems are still viewable if I start the
machine with a live system or persistence system. Can they be fixed if so
how and is it worth the effort

(iii) I have an external hard drive seagate that appears in lsusb command
but the disk does not mount or appear under blkid or lsblk even with sudo.
Can I recover that device external hard disk

(iv) I have another machine that was working with windows that no longer
recognizes its usb ports or the hard drive. One of the ports copper wires I
think got bent so I removed that usb port now the bios screen appears but
windows wont boot and the hard disk does not get recognized by the bios
this is a laptop i7 asus

the temporary machine I am running is i3 and is Casper

Any help would be great. Thanks

installation partition recommendations

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone I am trying to install debian 11 on a 32 gb usb.
I created the following partition table

sdd  8:48   1  28.7G  0 disk
├─sdd1   8:49   1 1G  0 part
├─sdd2   8:50   1   849M  0 part /media/user/NO_LABEL
├─sdd3   8:51   1  26.3G  0 part
/media/user/2f83ff73-3bde-4021-99db-d6b61863ed8
└─sdd4   8:52   1   561M  0 part /media/user/NO_LABEL1

sdd1 is for swap
sdd2 is for boot
sdd4 is for /boot/efi

sdd1 and sdd4 are fat32
sdd3 is ext4

the installation finished giving no errors but the system wont boot from
this usb

What should be changed

Re: installation partition recommendations

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi

Basically the menu that offers choices for where to boot the machine
appears. If Debian or USB drive is chosen the menu comes back with no
progress at all.
Within the bios secure boot is disabled.

Charles Curley , 11 Ara 2022 Paz, 14:29
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> On Sun, 11 Dec 2022 09:38:42 +
> Semih Ozlem  wrote:
>
> > sdd1 is for swap
> > sdd2 is for boot
> > sdd4 is for /boot/efi
> >
> > sdd1 and sdd4 are fat32
> > sdd3 is ext4
>
> One problem I see is that sdd1 should be Linux swap, not fat32. But I
> doubt that that is your problem.
>
> --
> Does anybody read signatures any more?
>
> https://charlescurley.com
> https://charlescurley.com/blog/
>
>

computer not starting from usb since installation

[Semih Ozlem]

Since I installed debian 11 my computer no longer boots from usbs even if
at startup from boot menu I choose to start from a live usb. Can this be
changed by editing grub and if so how?

Thank you

Semih

unable to save to usb drives from chrome

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone,

I switched to Debian 12 bookworm recently, and I am no longer able to save
or download files to usb drives from chrome or browsers, I get the message
Need permission to download. This did not use to be the case when I was
using Debian 11. What can I do to change this?

Thank you

Re: printer problem

[Semih Ozlem]

Thank you for your reply, Eduardo. However it appears that there is another
problem. The printer requires entry of a password. An the menu for that is
available in windows, but I have no idea where in linux I would get
properties about printer and printing permissions. This is at a university,
and not everyone can print to the printer. Does anyone know or have an idea
how I could pull up a menu from which I can enter my password for getting
permission to print under linux, debian 12?

 adresine sahip kullanıcı 30 Eki 2024 Çar, 19:43
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> Em 2024-10-30 09:25, Semih Ozlem escreveu:
> > I am using debian 12. I am on a network with printer Kyocera ECOSYS
> > MA4500ix.
> > I installed the printer's driver from Kyocera's website. But I am
> > unable to print. On Printer Properties Under Printer State I am
> > getting the message:
> > Processing - Illegal account. Job is canceled.
> > Other people on the network are able to print. I am the only one using
> > linux around here. What can I do to remedy the situation?
>
> You probably don't need the Kyocera driver. The printer appears to
> support "driverless" printing:
> https://wiki.debian.org/CUPSDriverlessPrinting
>
>

printer problem

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone,

I am using debian 12. I am on a network with printer Kyocera ECOSYS
MA4500ix.
I installed the printer's driver from Kyocera's website. But I am unable to
print. On Printer Properties Under Printer State I am getting the message:
Processing - Illegal account. Job is canceled.
Other people on the network are able to print. I am the only one using
linux around here. What can I do to remedy the situation?

Re: printer problem

[Semih Ozlem]

Dear Tomas,

Thanks a lot for your reply. That did get me one step further, but the
printer is still giving an error. I was able to login though through the
website.

 adresine sahip kullanıcı 31 Eki 2024 Per, 08:35
tarihinde şunu yazdı:

> On Wed, Oct 30, 2024 at 11:19:20PM +0300, Semih Ozlem wrote:
> > Thank you for your reply, Eduardo. However it appears that there is
> another
> > problem. The printer requires entry of a password. An the menu for that
> is
> > available in windows, but I have no idea where in linux I would get
> > properties about printer and printing permissions. This is at a
> university,
> > and not everyone can print to the printer. Does anyone know or have an
> idea
> > how I could pull up a menu from which I can enter my password for getting
> > permission to print under linux, debian 12?
>
> One thing worth a try would be to direct your browser at the printer's
> "web page" (yes those things have one, most of the time). I.e.
> https:/// (or may be just http).
>
> Cheers
> --
> t
>

nautilus not showing files in debian 12

[Semih Ozlem]

Hi everyone,

I did a recent upgrade from debian 11 to debian 12. Nautilus is sometimes
not showing all the files in a directory, although from the command prompt
through ls command I can see that the files are there. Why could this be
and how can it be fixed?

Thank you in advance.

Sincerely

Semih