Re: Sudo

[Andrei POPESCU]

On Lu, 27 ian 20, 13:01:17, Patrick Bartek wrote:
> On Mon, 27 Jan 2020 18:21:30 +0200
> Andrei POPESCU  wrote:
> > 
> > In the typical sudo setup the root account is locked, so both su and 
> > root logins are disabled.
> 
> My point is that sudo is more of a security "hole" since it only
> requires a user's password which in my experience are less secure since
> most users create short, easy to remember ones.

That assumes the root password of these users would be significantly 
more secure.

Even if it were, once the user account is compromised it would be easy 
to trick users into providing their root password to a fake 'su'.

Kind regards,
Andrei
-- 
http://wiki.debian.org/FAQsFromDebianUser


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Re: Dell BIOS Changes

[Alexander V. Makartsev]

On 28.01.2020 10:13, J. D. Leach wrote:
> To Whom it May Concern,
>
> Have a Dell Inspiron 3668 desktop with the latest Dell firmware
> (1.12.2). This update, and numerous of the preceding ones, do not
> allow ANY type of loading of Debian (or any othe Linux flavor) onto
> the PC. In the BIOS configuration menu, no option is available to boot
> from the DVD drive, or USB, unless a Windows recovery media is
> detected. Linux loader programs likewise fail, and Windows loads
> instead. PC is about two years old.
>
> Looked all across the 'Net and have found zero fixes outside of wiping
> the hard drive. The latest Dell support pages regarding the set up of
> the boot sequence does not cover the firmware installed on my PC.
>
> I suspect Microsoft is back to trying to squelch the use of software
> other than what it approves of.
>
> Thought you might wish to be aware.
>
> Dave Leach
>
On the second thought, there is a mention about installation procedures
of alternative OSs in this document. [1]
So now I think you simply have to make proper UEFI bootable media.
Legacy boot media, prepared like in "the old times", won't cut it for
this PC.

[1]
https://topics-cdn.dell.com/pdf/inspiron-3668-desktop_setup-guide_en-us.pdf

-- 
With kindest regards, Alexander.

⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀ 
⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system
⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org
⠈⠳⣄ 

NetworkManager and systemd-networkd/systemd-resolved

[Christoph Pleger]

Hello,

on my notebook computer, I have a WLAN interface that is managed with 
NetworkManager and a cable-bound network interface that gets its static 
IP address by a systemd-networkd configuration file. But as of course on 
a portable notebook the cable-bound network interface is not always 
connected, it is a additionally also managed by NetworkManager. Hostname 
resolution takes place through systemd-resolved, that is, 
/etc/resolv.conf is a symbolic link to 
/run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf .


This all works fine so far, but when the cable-bound interface is not 
connected (that means, when NetworkManager de-activated the connection), 
the nameservers defined for that connection in the systemd-networkd 
configuration file are still in the active systemd-resolved 
configuration, as can be seen in the file 
/run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf and in the output of "resolvectl 
status". Though this is - at least in my case with maximum of three 
nameservers - only a cosmetic problem, my goal is that the nameservers 
defined for the cable-bound connection disappear from the active 
systemd-resolved configuration when the cable is disconnected.


Is it possible to realize such a combination of NetworkManager and 
systemd-networkd/systemd-resolved?


Regards
  Christoph

Re: Emacs and loss of highlighting: problem semi-solved (Buster MATE)

[tomas]

On Mon, Jan 27, 2020 at 07:54:47PM -0600, Nate Bargmann wrote:
> * On 2020 27 Jan 16:12 -0600, Tom Browder wrote:
>  
> > Gang, I've tried various combinations of:
> > 
> > 1. removing/installing the /etc/xrdb/*.ad files
> 
> I see that the mate-settings-daemon package has the /etc/xrdb/Emacs.ad
> file.

Yep, that was my impression too: that some desktop environment is
messing up the X resources (not the files, the database in the
server) in some creative way.

>  As that package apparently is required for the Mate desktop, it's
> likely that to resolve this that you'll need to comment the lines in
> that file as root and note that package upgrades may overwrite your
> commented file with the one supplied with the package.

This would be a Debian policy violation. /etc is taboo, sysadmin
overrides (you get asked at upgrade, though, so some vigilance is
in order).

Ah-hah. Some search-engining later: see this

  https://ubuntu-mate.community/t/issue-with-xresources-and-ubuntu-mate/3756

This guy is having the same problem (the solution is inconclusive,
though -- he disabled some "mate X resources plugin" without any
success).

Things like this, BTW, are what at last, drove me away from desktop
environments: they are fiendishly complex, full of quick fire-and
forget contribs "oh, this seems a good idea", and when you have
a serious question... crickets.

Note that I'm not blaming anyone. I'm of the impression that there
aren't enough resources to manage that complexity (and I don't mean
technical, but more the social, i.e. the width of the user base).

Hapy fvwm camper since.

Cheers
-- tomás


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Re: Emacs and loss of highlighting: problem semi-solved (Buster MATE)

[tomas]

On Mon, Jan 27, 2020 at 07:57:49PM -0600, Nate Bargmann wrote:
> Or it may be as easy as going into the Mate Settings Daemon application
> (if it has a GUI) and disabling the xrdg plugin.

By all means, do -- and tell us whether it worked (the link
I provided was a bit discouraging: so /if/ that works, it
should be here loud and clear for the search engines to find
and to the benefit of others).

Cheers
-- t


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Re: Intel Frost Canyon NUC Intel I219-V drivers

[Kim Haverblad]

Never mind, realised that there is daily builds available... me bad.

https://cdimage.debian.org/mirror/cdimage/daily-builds/daily/

//Kim

On 2020-01-27 22:35, Kim Haverblad wrote:
It's my understanding that Linux driver is now available for Intel 
I219-V (10) which is utilised in Intel NUC Frost Canyon I7-10710U and 
my question is when this would be included the ISO images?


Kr,
Kim

Re: Planning a Debian NAS

[Aidan Gauland]

On 28/01/20 7:00 am, Aidan Gauland wrote:

On 27/01/20 12:59 am, ghe wrote:
If you don't already have all the router(s) and WiFi access points 
and such, may I suggest a pile of Raspberry Pis.

Can a r-pi be set up with RAID easily?
Going by all the replies on this subthread, even the latest model r-pi 
sounds like a terrible choice for a NAS, unless all you want is a single 
HDD on ethernet.

Re: Planning a Debian NAS

[Aidan Gauland]

On 27/01/20 3:58 am, Stefan Monnier wrote:

I want to set up a file server on my home LAN with just consumer-grade
hardware, and run Debian stable on it.  For hardware, I am probably
going to get a refurbished mid-range tower with a four to six 3.5" SATA
drive capacity, and put WD Reds in it.

Unless you already own that hardware you might want to take a look at
something like http://gnubee.org/
I have considered the gnubee, and my main problem with it is the poor 
physical support for the drives, and the orientation of the drives.  It 
is also too low spec to run the extra services I need (secondary to 
serving files).

Re: Planning a Debian NAS

[Aidan Gauland]

On 27/01/20 12:40 pm, Tom Dial wrote:
I can't tell whether or not this response is facetious. If it is, and 
you are not determined for other reasons to use Linux, I recommend 
FreeNAS 
No, I was serious, but I do have limits.  I've looked at FreeNAS, but I 
would much rather use Debian, partially for familiarity, and party 
because this will be a multi-purpose server, not just a NAS.

Re: Planning a Debian NAS

[Aidan Gauland]

On 26/01/20 2:58 pm, Josef Grosch wrote:

The document I used as a guide to set this up is

https://wiki.debian.org/ZFS

Two things I would advise when using ZFS is 1) never let the 
filesystem get to more than 80% full and 2) run a weekly zpool scrub. 
Mine runs our of cron. 

Thanks, this looks fairly straightforward.

Re: NetworkManager and systemd-networkd/systemd-resolved

[john doe]

On 1/28/2020 9:28 AM, Christoph Pleger wrote:
> Hello,
>
> on my notebook computer, I have a WLAN interface that is managed with
> NetworkManager and a cable-bound network interface that gets its static
> IP address by a systemd-networkd configuration file. But as of course on
> a portable notebook the cable-bound network interface is not always
> connected, it is a additionally also managed by NetworkManager. Hostname
> resolution takes place through systemd-resolved, that is,
> /etc/resolv.conf is a symbolic link to
> /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf .
>
> This all works fine so far, but when the cable-bound interface is not
> connected (that means, when NetworkManager de-activated the connection),
> the nameservers defined for that connection in the systemd-networkd
> configuration file are still in the active systemd-resolved
> configuration, as can be seen in the file
> /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf and in the output of "resolvectl
> status". Though this is - at least in my case with maximum of three
> nameservers - only a cosmetic problem, my goal is that the nameservers
> defined for the cable-bound connection disappear from the active
> systemd-resolved configuration when the cable is disconnected.
>
> Is it possible to realize such a combination of NetworkManager and
> systemd-networkd/systemd-resolved?
>
> Regards

Why are you using systemd-networkd/resolved if you have NM installed?

--
John Doe

Re: Emacs and loss of highlighting: problem semi-solved (Buster MATE)

[Tom Browder]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 03:09  wrote:

> On Mon, Jan 27, 2020 at 07:57:49PM -0600, Nate Bargmann wrote:
> > Or it may be as easy as going into the Mate Settings Daemon application
> > (if it has a GUI) and disabling the xrdg plugin.


I tried to find that and couldn't.

I would like to be able to experiment with other desktops or window
managers. Can I do that and still return safely to my current setup? If so,
what do you recommend?

Best,

-Tom

Re: Emacs and loss of highlighting: problem semi-solved (Buster MATE)

[tomas]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 05:54:46AM -0600, Tom Browder wrote:
> On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 03:09  wrote:
> 
> > On Mon, Jan 27, 2020 at 07:57:49PM -0600, Nate Bargmann wrote:
> > > Or it may be as easy as going into the Mate Settings Daemon application
> > > (if it has a GUI) and disabling the xrdg plugin.
> 
> 
> I tried to find that and couldn't.
> 
> I would like to be able to experiment with other desktops or window
> managers. Can I do that and still return safely to my current setup? If so,
> what do you recommend?

I burnt my bridges when i left, screaming, the last DE I used
(it was XFCE, AFAIR), so I can't give you first-hand advice. But
I know Debian goes a long way in enabling you to choose and change
your environment.

Perhaps set up another (throwaway) user accont to try out.

That said, I don't want to come across as if I consider DEs to be
"something bad": there are many things you'll have to take care
of (e.g. don't expect an USB stick to be automatically mounted on
insert, be prepared to go shopping or hacking -- I went hacking --
when your LCD brigntness control doesn't do what you want, yadda,
yadda).

I think it's a deeper problem, But perhaps off-topic here.

Cheers
-- tomás


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Re: NetworkManager and systemd-networkd/systemd-resolved

[Nektarios Katakis]

Στις 2020-01-28 08:28, Christoph Pleger έγραψε:

Hello,

on my notebook computer, I have a WLAN interface that is managed with
NetworkManager and a cable-bound network interface that gets its
static IP address by a systemd-networkd configuration file. But as of
course on a portable notebook the cable-bound network interface is not
always connected, it is a additionally also managed by NetworkManager.
Hostname resolution takes place through systemd-resolved, that is,
/etc/resolv.conf is a symbolic link to
/run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf .

This all works fine so far, but when the cable-bound interface is not
connected (that means, when NetworkManager de-activated the
connection), the nameservers defined for that connection in the
systemd-networkd configuration file are still in the active
systemd-resolved configuration, as can be seen in the file
/run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf and in the output of "resolvectl
status". Though this is - at least in my case with maximum of three
nameservers - only a cosmetic problem, my goal is that the nameservers
defined for the cable-bound connection disappear from the active
systemd-resolved configuration when the cable is disconnected.

Is it possible to realize such a combination of NetworkManager and
systemd-networkd/systemd-resolved?

Regards
  Christoph


This page will probably answer your question 
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd-resolved

Probably as manual configuration or Fallback.

---
Regards,
Nektarios Katakis

Re: Emacs and loss of highlighting: problem semi-solved (Buster MATE)

[Curt]

On 2020-01-28, Tom Browder  wrote:
>
> On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 03:09  wrote:
>
>> On Mon, Jan 27, 2020 at 07:57:49PM -0600, Nate Bargmann wrote:
>> > Or it may be as easy as going into the Mate Settings Daemon application
>> > (if it has a GUI) and disabling the xrdg plugin.

> I tried to find that and couldn't.

Have you tried my suggestion of yesterday, a method which worked for the
man in the thread linked at the bottom of this post? You might have to
be root, and you must have the dconf-editor installed. Open that gui
app, search for the

 org.mate.SettingsDaemon.plugins.xrdb

setting and set it to false. Worth a try. Maybe you already did and I
missed it. You might also, as Nate suggested, simply comment out the
relevant or irrelevant lines in /etc/xrdb/Emacs.ad.

Of course, for any of this to have any effect, I believe, at the very
least you need to log out and back in again; verification of eventual
effects might be done with yet another 'xrdb -query'. 

I would point out that the man in the superuser.com thread uses an
~./.Xresources file for certain terminal settings, and the dconf-editor
method of deactivating plugins.xrdb succeeded in preventing that file
from being superseded.
 
> I would like to be able to experiment with other desktops or window
> managers. Can I do that and still return safely to my current setup? If so,
> what do you recommend?

This is purported to be as simple as installing the desired DE and
choosing it rather than Mate during login in your display manager.


https://superuser.com/questions/1351751/xresources-not-loaded-under-mate-desktop

> Best,
>
> -Tom
>
> --93c427059d31e489
> Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8"
> Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
>
>On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 03:09 =
> to...@tuxteam.de> wrote: lockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px =
> #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">On Mon, Jan 27, 2020 at 07:57:49PM -0600, Nate=
>  Bargmann wrote:
> > Or it may be as easy as going into the Mate Settings Daemon applicatio=
> n
> > (if it has a GUI) and disabling the xrdg plugin.=3D"auto">I tried to find that and couldn't=
> .I would like to be abl=
> e to experiment with other desktops or window managers. Can I do that and s=
> till return safely to my current setup? If so, what do you recommend?=
>Best,=
>-Tom
>
> --93c427059d31e489--
>
>


-- 
"J'ai pour me guérir du jugement des autres toute la distance qui me sépare de
moi." Antonin Artaud

using git

[mick crane]

hello,
I want to install Git locally, I've cloned something before but I don't 
know much about it.
Before I dive into the man pages could I ask if I need the 
git-daemon-run for the server bit?


mick

--
Key ID4BFEBB31

Re: Emacs and loss of highlighting: problem semi-solved (Buster MATE)

[Greg Wooledge]

On Mon, Jan 27, 2020 at 04:11:33PM -0600, Tom Browder wrote:
>   when highlighting disappears, run "xrdb /dev/null" and restart emacs

So, wait.  You're saying that it *works for a little while* after
you log in, and then at some point later, it *stops working*?

If that's actually the case, then maybe you can pinpoint the offending
X resource by doing

xrdb -query > working

right after you log in (possibly after verifying that emacs is in fact
working properly).

Then, after it stops working properly, run the xrdb -query command
again, but redirect it to a different file.  Then use diff to see
what changed.

Re: using git

[tomas]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 01:29:10PM +, mick crane wrote:
> hello,
> I want to install Git locally, I've cloned something before but I
> don't know much about it.
> Before I dive into the man pages could I ask if I need the
> git-daemon-run for the server bit?

Not necessarily. Describe your use case a bit more precisely.

Cheers
-- t


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Re: Dell BIOS Changes

[The Wanderer]

On 2020-01-28 at 03:23, Alexander V. Makartsev wrote:

> On 28.01.2020 10:13, J. D. Leach wrote:
>
>> To Whom it May Concern,
>>
>> Have a Dell Inspiron 3668 desktop with the latest Dell firmware
>> (1.12.2). This update, and numerous of the preceding ones, do not
>> allow ANY type of loading of Debian (or any othe Linux flavor) onto
>> the PC. In the BIOS configuration menu, no option is available to boot
>> from the DVD drive, or USB, unless a Windows recovery media is
>> detected. Linux loader programs likewise fail, and Windows loads
>> instead. PC is about two years old.
>>
>> Looked all across the 'Net and have found zero fixes outside of wiping
>> the hard drive. The latest Dell support pages regarding the set up of
>> the boot sequence does not cover the firmware installed on my PC.
>>
>> I suspect Microsoft is back to trying to squelch the use of software
>> other than what it approves of.
>>
>> Thought you might wish to be aware.
>>
>> Dave Leach
>>
>
> On the second thought, there is a mention about installation procedures
> of alternative OSs in this document. [1]
>
> So now I think you simply have to make proper UEFI bootable media.
> Legacy boot media, prepared like in "the old times", won't cut it for
> this PC.
> 
> [1]
> https://topics-cdn.dell.com/pdf/inspiron-3668-desktop_setup-guide_en-us.pdf

FWIW, when I've worked with recent Dell models (at my workplace) which
had this GPT/UEFI-boot-only requirement, they *only* applied it to the
hard drive; with the correct UEFI settings applied (disabling Secure
Boot, enabling Legacy Option ROMs under whatever name, and possibly
enabling "legacy external device" boot), it has been definitely possible
to boot to non-UEFI-partitioned non-GPT removable media.

I haven't had experience with this specific Inspiron model, but I'd be
surprised if it were any different.

https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/us/en/04/inspiron-3668-desktop/inspiron%203668_sm/system-setup-options?guid=guid-2d1e8a4f-e5a2-49eb-823d-707f15a41edc&lang=en-us
appears to be the appropriate manual for working with the UEFI on this
model. It lists the same "Enable Secure Boot" and "Enable Legacy Option
ROMs" settings I was expecting to see, and IIRC the final setting (which
may be optional) is under what "Boot List Option", mentioned near the
top of the document. So it's likely that this is in fact supported.

That said, I've also had problems with formatting, partitioning, and
installing to a hard drive (on one of these systems) for UEFI boot from
a "legacy"-booted external device - so there may be reason to go for a
UEFI-style bootable external device anyway.


(IIRC, the reason why "legacy" boot to internal devices is now
prohibited is not a Dell decision, or a Microsoft one, but a consequence
of an Intel decision which they've implemented in their motherboard
chipsets; Intel has apparently decided to drop all support for non-UEFI
boot to internal permanent hard drives, presumably for security reasons
of some kind, and since that's hardware Dell can't override it in the
firmware. So this won't be just on Dell computers, at least not going
forward, although IIRC AMD has not yet taken a similar step.)

-- 
   The Wanderer

The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one
persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all
progress depends on the unreasonable man. -- George Bernard Shaw



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Re: Sudo

[Greg Wooledge]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 04:33:21PM +1100, Keith Bainbridge wrote:
> So sudo is installed.
> 
> What happens when you type
> 
> su
> 
> in a term?
> 
> 
> If you are asked for a password, type it in and enter.
> 
> When there type
> 
> usermod -a -G sudo charles - looks to be your user name
> 
> exit
> 
> Then try sudo again.  You should get request for charles password.

Charles would have to log out and log in again, to pick up the new
group membership.  Or use something like "exec su - charles" in a
terminal to reset the session privileges in that one window only.

Also, Debian can add an existing user to an existing group with
"adduser username groupname".  See adduser(8).

At this point, however, I think everyone's talking to a ghost.  I
don't recall the OP *ever* showing us the command they typed and
the error message they got.  They also claimed they "fixed" the
problem by "reinstalling".  I doubt they're even reading this
thread.

Re: using git

[Nate Bargmann]

* On 2020 28 Jan 07:30 -0600, mick crane wrote:
> hello,
> I want to install Git locally, I've cloned something before but I don't know
> much about it.
> Before I dive into the man pages could I ask if I need the git-daemon-run
> for the server bit?

Have you taken a look at this book: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2

I still refer to it when doing something  I don't do often enough to
recall the exact syntax.

- Nate

-- 

"The optimist proclaims that we live in the best of all
possible worlds.  The pessimist fears this is true."

Web: https://www.n0nb.us
Projects: https://github.com/N0NB
GPG fingerprint: 82D6 4F6B 0E67 CD41 F689 BBA6 FB2C 5130 D55A 8819



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Re: using git

[mick crane]

On 2020-01-28 13:47, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 01:29:10PM +, mick crane wrote:

hello,
I want to install Git locally, I've cloned something before but I
don't know much about it.
Before I dive into the man pages could I ask if I need the
git-daemon-run for the server bit?


Not necessarily. Describe your use case a bit more precisely.


I tried to do bits of programming before and kept the changes in 
directories on the same machine which doesn't always seem to work if go 
back to it after several months. I thought Git on a separate machine 
might help to keep track of things.


mick

--
Key ID4BFEBB31

Re: using git

[Greg Wooledge]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 08:13:39AM -0600, Nate Bargmann wrote:
> Have you taken a look at this book: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2
> 
> I still refer to it when doing something  I don't do often enough to
> recall the exact syntax.

+1.  I have the "basic branching and merging" chapter permanently
opened in one of my tabs.

As for the OP's question: I've never used the git daemon, ever.  At work,
I do my git stuff on my Debian workstation, and when I've committed
something and want it to be backed up, I do a "git push", which copies
it to a server.  I use regular ssh for the workstation-to-server push,
not any fancy git daemon.

wooledg:~/git/ebase$ git remote -v
origin  svr5:/git/ebase.git (fetch)
origin  svr5:/git/ebase.git (push)

It's a little bit of work to set up, but after that, it's pretty
simple and comfortable to use.

Re: Sudo

[David Wright]

On Tue 28 Jan 2020 at 10:16:18 (+0200), Andrei POPESCU wrote:
> On Lu, 27 ian 20, 13:01:17, Patrick Bartek wrote:
> > On Mon, 27 Jan 2020 18:21:30 +0200 Andrei POPESCU 
> >  wrote:
> > > 
> > > In the typical sudo setup the root account is locked, so both su and 
> > > root logins are disabled.
> > 
> > My point is that sudo is more of a security "hole" since it only
> > requires a user's password which in my experience are less secure since
> > most users create short, easy to remember ones.
> 
> That assumes the root password of these users would be significantly 
> more secure.
> 
> Even if it were, once the user account is compromised it would be easy 
> to trick users into providing their root password to a fake 'su'.

My view is that more damage is done to home systems by the sysadmins
than by external malice, so anything that protects the system from
such damage is a useful resource. I think that selective sudo¹
provides one way of reducing damage by separating critical operations
(done by su'ing to root) from the benign day-to-day maintenance
done using sudo.

¹ by selective sudo I mean

$ sudo some-command …
$ 

rather than the locked-up sudo-only scheme that you can select with
the debian-installer. I'm not familiar with the latter.

Cheers,
David.

Re: using git

[tomas]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 02:14:05PM +, mick crane wrote:
> On 2020-01-28 13:47, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> >On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 01:29:10PM +, mick crane wrote:
> >>hello,
> >>I want to install Git locally, I've cloned something before but I
> >>don't know much about it.
> >>Before I dive into the man pages could I ask if I need the
> >>git-daemon-run for the server bit?
> >
> >Not necessarily. Describe your use case a bit more precisely.
> 
> I tried to do bits of programming before and kept the changes in
> directories on the same machine which doesn't always seem to work if
> go back to it after several months. I thought Git on a separate
> machine might help to keep track of things.

My advice: start without a "separate machine". This complicates
things quite a bit, for no (initial) benefit.

You can add the "separate machine" thingy later. It will become
important when you work in concert with others (which includes
your one instance working with other instances of yourself).

But that is Step Two.

Step one would be to set up your "global" git configuration
(i.e. things which hold for you, the user of git). Follow
along

  https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-First-Time-Git-Setup

Set up a small test repository (local), which is a project
directory the way you're used to, cd into that, then say

  git init
  git add .
  git commit -am "Initial commit"

and you are started. All files below your repo are now
registered for version control, every time you make a
set of changes belonging together, just do

  git commit -am "Redefined every grey elephant to be pink"

(or whatever description will be understandable by you
two weeks from now).

Whenever you create a new file you want to include in
the version control, you do

  git add my-dir/my-new-file

or something.

Then refine things. Learn about what to do when you don't
want some files under version control. Learn how to branch
(a very powerful, but at first confusing concept).

Now learn how to clone a repository (still on your local
machine!).

Next step would be to learn how to clone a remote repository.
Open one for you to play on e.g. gitlab (I'd steer clear of
github these days, but, of course, it's *your* decision).

And then, once you feel somewhat comfy with all of the above,
you're at the place where things like the git daemon and its
friends might be interesting to you.

Cheers
-- tomás


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Re: Emacs and loss of highlighting: problem semi-solved (Buster MATE)

[Tom Browder]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 07:26 Curt  wrote:
...

> Have you tried my suggestion of yesterday, a method which worked for the
> man in the thread linked at the bottom of this post? You might have to
> be root, and you must have the dconf-editor installed. Open that gui
> app, search for the

...

No, Curt, I didn't, but I will. I'm sorry I glossed over the point about
the dconf editor. I will try that today.

Thanks.

-Tom

Re: Emacs and loss of highlighting: problem semi-solved (Buster MATE)

[Tom Browder]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 07:36 Greg Wooledge  wrote:

> On Mon, Jan 27, 2020 at 04:11:33PM -0600, Tom Browder wrote:
> >   when highlighting disappears, run "xrdb /dev/null" and restart emacs
>
> So, wait.  You're saying that it *works for a little while* after
> you log in, and then at some point later, it *stops working*?
>
> If that's actually the case, then maybe you can pinpoint the offending
> X resource by doing
>
> xrdb -query > working

...

Great idea, Greg. And that goes hand-on-hand with my "giving up" method!

But I will take a shot at Curt's method first.

Cheers!

-Tom

Re: using git

[Charles Curley]

On Tue, 28 Jan 2020 14:14:05 +
mick crane  wrote:

> > Not necessarily. Describe your use case a bit more precisely.  
> 
> I tried to do bits of programming before and kept the changes in 
> directories on the same machine which doesn't always seem to work if
> go back to it after several months. I thought Git on a separate
> machine might help to keep track of things.

You might look into gitolite, which is in the package gitolite3.
http://charlescurley.com/blog/tag/gitolite.html

-- 
Does anybody read signatures any more?

https://charlescurley.com
https://charlescurley.com/blog/

Re: using git

[tomas]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 07:44:30AM -0700, Charles Curley wrote:
> On Tue, 28 Jan 2020 14:14:05 +
> mick crane  wrote:
> 
> > > Not necessarily. Describe your use case a bit more precisely.  
> > 
> > I tried to do bits of programming before and kept the changes in 
> > directories on the same machine which doesn't always seem to work if
> > go back to it after several months. I thought Git on a separate
> > machine might help to keep track of things.
> 
> You might look into gitolite, which is in the package gitolite3.
> http://charlescurley.com/blog/tag/gitolite.html

That would be Step Two. First get used to local git, then use
other people's servers, then, perhaps, set a server yourself.

Cheers
-- t


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Re: Emacs and loss of highlighting: problem semi-solved (Buster MATE)

[Curt]

On 2020-01-28, Tom Browder  wrote:
>
> On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 07:36 Greg Wooledge  wrote:
>
>> On Mon, Jan 27, 2020 at 04:11:33PM -0600, Tom Browder wrote:
>> >   when highlighting disappears, run "xrdb /dev/null" and restart emacs
>>
>> So, wait.  You're saying that it *works for a little while* after
>> you log in, and then at some point later, it *stops working*?
>>
>> If that's actually the case, then maybe you can pinpoint the offending
>> X resource by doing
>>
>> xrdb -query > working
>
> ...
>
> Great idea, Greg. And that goes hand-on-hand with my "giving up" method!

As mate-settings-daemon is a daemon, it may be the culprit here, too.

> But I will take a shot at Curt's method first.
>
> Cheers!
>
> -Tom
>


-- 
"J'ai pour me guérir du jugement des autres toute la distance qui me sépare de
moi." Antonin Artaud

Re: Dell BIOS Changes

[ghe]

On 1/27/20 10:13 PM, J. D. Leach wrote:

> I suspect Microsoft is back to trying to squelch the use of software
> other than what it approves of.

"Sells" you mean...

I bought a Dell laptop a couple years ago, and it had a 'BIOS' like you
describe. But there was an option in the several pages of BIOS to use
'Legacy' mode. It wasn't like any legacy BIOS I'd ever seen, but I did
manage to get it to boot a civilized OS.

I just looked at servers on their website, and they have a feature they
call "Optional Operating System". That implies they are available
without Windows and will boot Debian. Servers, anyway.

-- 
Glenn English

Re: using git

[mick crane]

On 2020-01-28 14:13, Nate Bargmann wrote:

* On 2020 28 Jan 07:30 -0600, mick crane wrote:

hello,
I want to install Git locally, I've cloned something before but I 
don't know

much about it.
Before I dive into the man pages could I ask if I need the 
git-daemon-run

for the server bit?


Have you taken a look at this book: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2

I still refer to it when doing something  I don't do often enough to
recall the exact syntax.


OK thanks guys, that git-scm book looks very readable

mick


--
Key ID4BFEBB31

Re: Dell BIOS Changes

[Roberto C . Sánchez]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 08:43:07AM -0700, ghe wrote:
> On 1/27/20 10:13 PM, J. D. Leach wrote:
> 
> > I suspect Microsoft is back to trying to squelch the use of software
> > other than what it approves of.
> 
> "Sells" you mean...
> 
> I bought a Dell laptop a couple years ago, and it had a 'BIOS' like you
> describe. But there was an option in the several pages of BIOS to use
> 'Legacy' mode. It wasn't like any legacy BIOS I'd ever seen, but I did
> manage to get it to boot a civilized OS.
> 
> I just looked at servers on their website, and they have a feature they
> call "Optional Operating System". That implies they are available
> without Windows and will boot Debian. Servers, anyway.
> 
Dell, like some other large companies, ends up with competing interests.

There are parts of the company which are very Linux friendly (as can be
seen by some of the projects on their GitHub page [0], like the
thunderbolt for Linux driver and BIOS flash for Linux utility they
maintain).  This applies mostly to servers and enterprise products, but
there are actuall workstations, laptops, etc. that have good support for
non-Microsoft operating systems.  They even sell a laptop with Ubuntu
pre-installed (the XPS 13" Developer Edition).

But then, when it comes to consumer-targeted products, the customer
there wants to dictate what can and cannot be done (bearing in mind that
the customer is actually Microsoft, not the purchaser of the computer
itself).  That's why most of those systems (i.e., non-servers) end up
with locked down EFI configurations and hardware which is not well
supported or flat out won't work with Linux.

That's just how it goes.

Regards,

-Roberto

[0] https://github.com/dell

-- 
Roberto C. Sánchez

Re: Emacs and loss of highlighting: problem semi-solved (Buster MATE)

[Tom Browder]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 9:33 AM Curt  wrote:...
...

Okay, I've taken Curt's and Greg's suggestions together:

1. I had to install the dconf-editor package. I was able to use the
dconf editor to turn off the xrdb plugin. I then logged off and logged
back in. Highlighting is working.

Note: The deconf-editor has to be executed from the CLI (dconf-editor
&). It is not greatly intuitive. I had to search for xrdb to get to a
screen to turn off a slider widget.

2. In my home directory I ran "xrdb -query > highlight-works.txt"

It shows none of the original *emacs* stuff.

I'll report results later after I've given this a few days.

Thank you so much Nate, Tomas, Curt, David, Byung-Hee, and Greg!

Debian folks are great!

Cheers!

-Tom

Re: Sudo

[Harold Hartley]

I’m reading the thread. And I did fix it by re-installing with non-graphic 
install. The first time was a graphical install.

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020, at 06:54, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 04:33:21PM +1100, Keith Bainbridge wrote:
> > So sudo is installed.
> > 
> > What happens when you type
> > 
> > su
> > 
> > in a term?
> > 
> > 
> > If you are asked for a password, type it in and enter.
> > 
> > When there type
> > 
> > usermod -a -G sudo charles - looks to be your user name
> > 
> > exit
> > 
> > Then try sudo again.  You should get request for charles password.
> 
> Charles would have to log out and log in again, to pick up the new
> group membership.  Or use something like "exec su - charles" in a
> terminal to reset the session privileges in that one window only.
> 
> Also, Debian can add an existing user to an existing group with
> "adduser username groupname".  See adduser(8).
> 
> At this point, however, I think everyone's talking to a ghost.  I
> don't recall the OP *ever* showing us the command they typed and
> the error message they got.  They also claimed they "fixed" the
> problem by "reinstalling".  I doubt they're even reading this
> thread.
> 
>

-- 
  Harold Hartley
  17632 N. 5th place
  Phoenix, AZ 85022
  wheelie...@ownmail.net

Re: using git

[john doe]

On 1/28/2020 4:50 PM, mick crane wrote:
> On 2020-01-28 14:13, Nate Bargmann wrote:
>> * On 2020 28 Jan 07:30 -0600, mick crane wrote:
>>> hello,
>>> I want to install Git locally, I've cloned something before but I
>>> don't know
>>> much about it.
>>> Before I dive into the man pages could I ask if I need the
>>> git-daemon-run
>>> for the server bit?
>>
>> Have you taken a look at this book: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2
>>
>> I still refer to it when doing something  I don't do often enough to
>> recall the exact syntax.
>
> OK thanks guys, that git-scm book looks very readable
>
> mick
>
>

In addition to the other answers, Git-daemon is used when you want to
share your project with others.

That is, it is an easy way to let others access your bare repositories
in readonly state.

So "everyone" who can use the git protocol to access your repositories
will be able to clone from them.

--
John Doe

Re: NetworkManager and systemd-networkd/systemd-resolved

[Christoph Pleger]

Hello,


on my notebook computer, I have a WLAN interface that is managed with
NetworkManager and a cable-bound network interface that gets its
static IP address by a systemd-networkd configuration file. But as of
course on a portable notebook the cable-bound network interface is not
always connected, it is a additionally also managed by NetworkManager.
Hostname resolution takes place through systemd-resolved, that is,
/etc/resolv.conf is a symbolic link to
/run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf .

This all works fine so far, but when the cable-bound interface is not
connected (that means, when NetworkManager de-activated the
connection), the nameservers defined for that connection in the
systemd-networkd configuration file are still in the active
systemd-resolved configuration, as can be seen in the file
/run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf and in the output of "resolvectl
status". Though this is - at least in my case with maximum of three
nameservers - only a cosmetic problem, my goal is that the nameservers
defined for the cable-bound connection disappear from the active
systemd-resolved configuration when the cable is disconnected.

Is it possible to realize such a combination of NetworkManager and
systemd-networkd/systemd-resolved?



networkd-dispatcher can execute actions on network connection state 
changes, so can probably help to reach my goal, what I need now is a 
command to directly remove the DNS servers from systemd-resolved 
configuration or a command that de-activates a certain interface from 
systemd-networkd's point of view and thereby deletes the corresponding 
DNS servers from systemd-resolved configuration. The latter can be done 
by systemctl stop systemd-networkd, but only for a short time, because 
then, systemd-networkd is restarted automatically.


Regards
  Christoph

Re: Sudo

[Peter Hillier-Brook]

On 28/01/2020 16:00, Harold Hartley wrote:
I’m reading the thread. And I did fix it by re-installing with
non-graphic install. The first time was a graphical install.

I think that you're missing the obvious. When using the graphical
install there comes a point when you're asked for a root password: if
you enter one you *don't* get sudo, but if you don't enter one  - i.e.
leave it blank - you get sudo.

Peter HB
[cut]

Re: How to set Gedit left margin to 80 characters

[Curt]

On 2020-01-28, Default User  wrote:
>
> Okay, I'm stumped.
>
> I'm running 64-bit Debian unstable, Cinnamon desktop environment.
>
> All I want to do is set the Gedit left margin to 80 characters, so that
> text hard-wraps (or at least soft-wraps) at that point.

Don't you mean "right" instead of "left"? Or are you composing in
Hebrew?

> Currently, with the word-wrap setting in Gedit selected, and a visual
> representation of a margin showing at column 80, text will sail right on by
> the bogus margin at 80 characters, not wrapping until it reaches the left
> edge of the display.

A hands-on experimental session with Gedit has not revealed to this
correspondent the way forward here.

> After doing some research, it seems that it may not even be possible in
> Gedit to set a real, functional left margin to 80 characters.

All I could find was this:

https://ssplab.wordpress.com/2012/06/08/hard-word-wrapping-in-gedit/

> What?

Dumbfounding.

> Well, can it be done?

Hoop, meet jumper.

> And if not, (rhetorical question) why not?
>

Rhetorical. Gotcha.

-- 
"J'ai pour me guérir du jugement des autres toute la distance qui me sépare de
moi." Antonin Artaud

Re: Dell BIOS Changes

[Nate Bargmann]

The foregoing is why I really want to see ARM evolve to be the basis of
decent workstation performance.  Given the machinations being done to
commodity hardware something more open with Coreboot or uboot is needed.

- Nate

-- 

"The optimist proclaims that we live in the best of all
possible worlds.  The pessimist fears this is true."

Web: https://www.n0nb.us
Projects: https://github.com/N0NB
GPG fingerprint: 82D6 4F6B 0E67 CD41 F689 BBA6 FB2C 5130 D55A 8819



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Description: PGP signature

Re: NetworkManager and systemd-networkd/systemd-resolved

[john doe]

On 1/28/2020 5:27 PM, Christoph Pleger wrote:
> Hello,
>
>> on my notebook computer, I have a WLAN interface that is managed with
>> NetworkManager and a cable-bound network interface that gets its
>> static IP address by a systemd-networkd configuration file. But as of
>> course on a portable notebook the cable-bound network interface is not
>> always connected, it is a additionally also managed by NetworkManager.
>> Hostname resolution takes place through systemd-resolved, that is,
>> /etc/resolv.conf is a symbolic link to
>> /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf .
>>
>> This all works fine so far, but when the cable-bound interface is not
>> connected (that means, when NetworkManager de-activated the
>> connection), the nameservers defined for that connection in the
>> systemd-networkd configuration file are still in the active
>> systemd-resolved configuration, as can be seen in the file
>> /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf and in the output of "resolvectl
>> status". Though this is - at least in my case with maximum of three
>> nameservers - only a cosmetic problem, my goal is that the nameservers
>> defined for the cable-bound connection disappear from the active
>> systemd-resolved configuration when the cable is disconnected.
>>
>> Is it possible to realize such a combination of NetworkManager and
>> systemd-networkd/systemd-resolved?
>
>
> networkd-dispatcher can execute actions on network connection state
> changes, so can probably help to reach my goal, what I need now is a
> command to directly remove the DNS servers from systemd-resolved
> configuration or a command that de-activates a certain interface from
> systemd-networkd's point of view and thereby deletes the corresponding
> DNS servers from systemd-resolved configuration. The latter can be done
> by systemctl stop systemd-networkd, but only for a short time, because
> then, systemd-networkd is restarted automatically.
>

My two cents, given that you have NM installed would be to disable
systemd-networkd and systemd-resolved and let NetworkManager handel your
interfaces and DNS.

$ systemctl disable systemd-networkd systemd-resolved


If you do the above command, you will probably loose remote connection
to the host after a reboot.

You can also use the 'nmcli' to control NM from the command line.

--
John Doe

Re: Sudo

[Harold Hartley]

When I did the graphical install I couldn’t even get into su either. That’s why 
I installed it without graphics the next time.
I also showed the command I type on the thread and what the results was.

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020, at 10:07, Peter Hillier-Brook wrote:
> On 28/01/2020 16:00, Harold Hartley wrote:
> I’m reading the thread. And I did fix it by re-installing with
> non-graphic install. The first time was a graphical install.
> 
> I think that you're missing the obvious. When using the graphical
> install there comes a point when you're asked for a root password: if
> you enter one you *don't* get sudo, but if you don't enter one  - i.e.
> leave it blank - you get sudo.
> 
> Peter HB
> [cut]
> 
>

-- 
  Harold Hartley
  17632 N. 5th place
  Phoenix, AZ 85022
  wheelie...@ownmail.net

Whither "bullseye?

[Bob Bernstein]

Not really whither, but when?

Is there a um consensus on when bullseye might see the light of
day? We have this on debian.org:

"The next release of Debian is codenamed "bullseye" — no release
date has been set "

https://www.debian.org/releases/

Perhaps I could get a line on this from Vegas.

Any thoughts abroad in debian-land as to this question?

Wally Ballou signing off,

--
A test of right and wrong must be the means, one would
think, of ascertaining what is right or wrong, and not a
consequence of having already ascertained it.

J. S. Mill

Re: Sudo

[Joe]

On Tue, 28 Jan 2020 10:29:44 -0700
"Harold Hartley"  wrote:

> When I did the graphical install I couldn’t even get into su either.
> That’s why I installed it without graphics the next time.

Whatever the issue was, it wasn't that. I always use a graphical
install and have never had the problem you describe.

-- 
Joe

Re: Whither "bullseye?

[Joe]

On Tue, 28 Jan 2020 13:13:40 -0500 (EST)
Bob Bernstein  wrote:

> Not really whither, but when?
> 
> Is there a um consensus on when bullseye might see the light of
> day? We have this on debian.org:
> 
> "The next release of Debian is codenamed "bullseye" — no release
> date has been set "
> 
> https://www.debian.org/releases/
> 
> Perhaps I could get a line on this from Vegas.
> 
> Any thoughts abroad in debian-land as to this question?
> 
> Wally Ballou signing off,
> 

https://bugs.debian.org/release-critical/graph.png

The release dates in the past are pretty clear from this chart of bugs,
and it's about a two-year cycle. We're looking at another year to
eighteen months until the next release.

-- 
Joe

Re: Sudo

[Patrick Bartek]

On Tue, 28 Jan 2020 16:22:27 +1100
Keith Bainbridge  wrote:

> Good afternoon
> 
> 
> My limited experience with a Win10 where user is NOT admin, is that 
> everything I have tried even portable apps, works - apart from adding 
> software.

Good to know. But I only use Windows when there are no viable
alternative.  And since my Windows needs are minimal, XP running
"air-gapped" in Virtualbox fulfills those needs.

> 
> I have recommended to ant Win10 user who will listen to set up a 
> separate user account. It's not fun though. When I did my VBox version, 
> I ended up with my phone# as my log in.

I'm sure most don't listen.  They say "that's too much trouble" or "why
do it, the old way works just fine."  Of course, then they rant when
their system get infected.

> 
> By the bye, Mac OSx used to do the same. At least Android doesn't; and 
> trying to get Admin is terrifying me.

I remember the "old" Mac OS was that way. Windows And AmigaOS, too. But
I thought when OSX debuted, they required a user account be set up on
the initial boot.  At least, that's what a Windows user who abandoned
Windows in favor of the Mac told me.  I'm not all that familiar with
Macs, although it seems I know more about them than the average Mac
user. :)

B

> 
> Keith Bainbridge
> 
> keith.bainbridge.3...@gmail.com
> 0447 667 468
> 
> On 28/1/20 8:11 am, Patrick Bartek wrote:
> >   And,
> > unfortuantely, many (most?) Windows apps require Admin priviledges to
> > work properly. Or used to. Haven't checked W10, if that's still the
> > case.  Probably is.  
> 

Re: Planning a Debian NAS

[deloptes]

Aidan Gauland wrote:

> No, I was serious, but I do have limits.  I've looked at FreeNAS, but I
> would much rather use Debian, partially for familiarity, and party
> because this will be a multi-purpose server, not just a NAS.

but you originally mentioned explicitly it was for NAS - this is misleading.

I tried first with one dual core CPU low end motherboard with 4 SATA ports,
4GB RAM and 100Mbit connection at home - also multipurpose - didn't work
well. Now I have 4CPU with 32GB RAM and 2 LSI SAS controllers and 1Gbit
network. Now it works! I have 3 PCs and a popcorn. If all work together and
I also compile something, you feel it from time to time.

What I want to say is that these low power CPUs have their limits and might
be also not sufficient for multipurpose - well depends on the "multi"

Also consider NAS disks like the WD Red series. I stick to the 2TB (WDC
WD20EFRX-68) cause the 3 and 4TB fail more often according reports. With
those I never had issues in the past 5-6y and they are significantly more
performant especially when reading. I had few Seagate that died and I have
also 1TB WDC WD10EACS-00 Green, they are may be 8y old and survived, but
have worse performance.
The SSDs are rather expensive or better were, but they also tend to totally
fail

If you go for the arm based solution you should consider the board also and
look into the details - latency, cache, memory access speed and the bus to
the drives - which is exactly the problem if you do not get a proper
controller. In this context the FreeNAS makes a lot of sense, because it is
optimized. The configuration I described above consumes 80W when idle. Each
virtual box I starts adds about 10%. A NAS only solution would be very
power efficient compared to this.

Re: Sudo

[Patrick Bartek]

On Tue, 28 Jan 2020 10:16:18 +0200
Andrei POPESCU  wrote:

> On Lu, 27 ian 20, 13:01:17, Patrick Bartek wrote:
> > On Mon, 27 Jan 2020 18:21:30 +0200
> > Andrei POPESCU  wrote:  
> > > 
> > > In the typical sudo setup the root account is locked, so both su and 
> > > root logins are disabled.  
> > 
> > My point is that sudo is more of a security "hole" since it only
> > requires a user's password which in my experience are less secure since
> > most users create short, easy to remember ones.  
> 
> That assumes the root password of these users would be significantly 
> more secure.

Right.

Although, I seem to remember a couple of distros would recommend you
create more secure password, if you entered a poor one, but would still
accept the poor one, if you chose to do so. Can't remember which
distro(s) though. 

> Even if it were, once the user account is compromised it would be easy 
> to trick users into providing their root password to a fake 'su'.

The biggest security flaw with any OS is the user.

B

Re: Planning a Debian NAS

[deloptes]

Aidan Gauland wrote:

>> On 27/01/20 12:59 am, ghe wrote:
>>> If you don't already have all the router(s) and WiFi access points
>>> and such, may I suggest a pile of Raspberry Pis.
>> Can a r-pi be set up with RAID easily?
> Going by all the replies on this subthread, even the latest model r-pi
> sounds like a terrible choice for a NAS, unless all you want is a single
> HDD on ethernet.

Well not exactly, but for the money, there are may be better options.

The rpi4 is powerful enough to replace a low end work station. This is why I
bought one, but still there is comfort missing, however if you buy SATA
extentions  but then you could buy something more appropriate for the
same money I guess, cause it would go above 200,- US$.
Look here
http://linuxgizmos.com/sata-hats-support-up-to-four-drives-on-raspberry-pi-4-or-rock-pi-4/

Technically it works and from linux perspective it doesn't matter if it is
RPI or something else. Might be that drivers are not that well tested
though.

regards

Re: Planning a Debian NAS

[Gene Heskett]

On Tuesday 28 January 2020 14:02:24 deloptes wrote:

> Aidan Gauland wrote:
> >> On 27/01/20 12:59 am, ghe wrote:
> >>> If you don't already have all the router(s) and WiFi access points
> >>> and such, may I suggest a pile of Raspberry Pis.
> >>
> >> Can a r-pi be set up with RAID easily?
> >
> > Going by all the replies on this subthread, even the latest model
> > r-pi sounds like a terrible choice for a NAS, unless all you want is
> > a single HDD on ethernet.
>
> Well not exactly, but for the money, there are may be better options.
>
> The rpi4 is powerful enough to replace a low end work station. This is
> why I bought one, but still there is comfort missing, however if you
> buy SATA extentions  but then you could buy something more
> appropriate for the same money I guess, cause it would go above 200,-
> US$.
> Look here
> http://linuxgizmos.com/sata-hats-support-up-to-four-drives-on-raspberr
>y-pi-4-or-rock-pi-4/
>
> Technically it works and from linux perspective it doesn't matter if
> it is RPI or something else. Might be that drivers are not that well
> tested though.
>
> regards

If the drivers run on an x86, they run on a rpi4. I am running a realtime 
kernel, and linuxcnc to run an 11x54 Sheldon lathe about 75 yo. And 
trying to convince the lcnc folks to add it back into their 
distribution. See everything you need to make it run on Raspbian 10.2 at 
the link in my sig, add "lathe-stf/" to the address line, and you'll see 
a linuxcnc4rpi4 subdir, click on that and download what you need after 
reading the README. Intended to drive a Mesa interface card, which needs 
a 1 millisecond servo-thread, the jitter just now was 45 microseconds. 
1/20th of the the max allowed.  So it does that job in what is 
effectively real time.

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: Sudo

[Brian]

On Tue 28 Jan 2020 at 11:02:12 -0800, Patrick Bartek wrote:

> The biggest security flaw with any OS is the user.

By God. I wish I said that!

The same is true is true of motor cars, washing machines, microwave
cookers, TV sets, bicycles, the postal system etc, etc. These damned
humans - nothing but trouble.

-- 
Brian.

Re: Dell BIOS Changes

[Nicholas Geovanis]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 11:29 AM Nate Bargmann  wrote:

> The foregoing is why I really want to see ARM evolve to be the basis of
> decent workstation performance.  Given the machinations being done to
> commodity hardware something more open with Coreboot or uboot is needed.
>

And in case you aren't referring to them directly, Google has definitively
shown
extreme vulnerabilities in the software on the service chips on many
(including Dell)
motherboards.

 https://techcrunch.com/2019/05/14/zombieload-flaw-intel-processors/

- Nate
>

Re: Sudo

[mick crane]

On 2020-01-28 18:44, Joe wrote:

On Tue, 28 Jan 2020 10:29:44 -0700
"Harold Hartley"  wrote:


When I did the graphical install I couldn’t even get into su either.
That’s why I installed it without graphics the next time.


Whatever the issue was, it wasn't that. I always use a graphical
install and have never had the problem you describe.


Out of interest if you choose not to have a root password at the install 
is it any problem to add one later ?


mick
--
Key ID4BFEBB31

Re: Sudo

[Kenneth Parker]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020, 4:44 PM mick crane  wrote:

> On 2020-01-28 18:44, Joe wrote:
> > On Tue, 28 Jan 2020 10:29:44 -0700
> > "Harold Hartley"  wrote:
> >
> >> When I did the graphical install I couldn’t even get into su either.
> >> That’s why I installed it without graphics the next time.
> >
> > Whatever the issue was, it wasn't that. I always use a graphical
> > install and have never had the problem you describe.
>
> Out of interest if you choose not to have a root password at the install
> is it any problem to add one later ?


Not at all.  Before settling on Debian and Devuan, I used Ubuntu, which
doesn't *ever* have you set a Root Password.  Only Sudo.

So one of my "early actions", is to enter "sudo passwd root" and enter your
"normal user password".

Then, the command works correctly, and I am free to do "su -"  and enter
that, correct Root Password.

Good luck, and use Root, as well as Sudo carefully.

Kenneth Parker

Re: Planning a Debian NAS

[David Christensen]

On 2020-01-25 19:21, Aidan Gauland wrote:

I love over-complicating my hobbies.


I get better results with KISS.


On 2020-01-27 10:00, Aidan Gauland wrote:

Can a r-pi be set up with RAID easily?


On 2020-01-28 02:08, Aidan Gauland wrote:
Going by all the replies on this subthread, even the latest model 
r-pi sounds like a terrible choice for a NAS, unless all you want is 
a single HDD on ethernet.


I think it is a matter of expectations vs. investment.  The various 
SBC's do very well when both are modest.  And, they use less power, 
generate less heat, and make less noise than x86 PC's and servers.



On 2020-01-28 02:12, Aidan Gauland wrote:

On 27/01/20 3:58 am, Stefan Monnier wrote:

... you might want to take a look at something like
http://gnubee.org/

I have considered the gnubee, and my main problem with it is the poor
physical support for the drives, and the orientation of the drives.


Interesting device -- combo SBC / SATA backplane with minimal open rack 
chassis and external PSU.



The FreeNAS project offers some nice high-end NAS hardware, with prices 
to match:


https://www.freenas.org/freenas-mini/



It is also too low spec to run the extra services I need (secondary
to serving files).


So, either a high-end NAS or a low-end server; FOSS DIY compatible.


On 2020-01-28 02:15, Aidan Gauland wrote:

On 27/01/20 12:40 pm, Tom Dial wrote:

... I recommend FreeNAS

... I've looked at FreeNAS, but I would much rather use Debian,
partially for familiarity, and party because this will be a
multi-purpose server, not just a NAS.


FreeNAS supports jails (OS-based virtualization).  You have root access 
inside each and can install whatever you want:


https://www.ixsystems.com/documentation/freenas/11.2/jails.html


On 2020-01-28 02:16, Aidan Gauland wrote:

On 26/01/20 2:58 pm, Josef Grosch wrote:

The document I used as a guide to set this up is

https://wiki.debian.org/ZFS

Two things I would advise when using ZFS is 1) never let the 
filesystem get to more than 80% full and 2) run a weekly zpool 
scrub. Mine runs our of cron.

Thanks, this looks fairly straightforward.
ZFS appears simple enough on the surface, but there is plenty to learn 
once you jump in, build a ZFS pool, and have to live with it every day.



David

Re: Dell BIOS Changes

[Ralph Katz]

On 1/27/20 10:13 PM, J. D. Leach wrote:
> To Whom it May Concern,
> 
> Have a Dell Inspiron 3668 desktop with the latest Dell firmware
> (1.12.2). This update, and numerous of the preceding ones, do not allow
> ANY type of loading of Debian (or any othe Linux flavor) onto the PC. In
> the BIOS configuration menu, no option is available to boot from the DVD
> drive, or USB, unless a Windows recovery media is detected. Linux loader
> programs likewise fail, and Windows loads instead. PC is about two years
> old.
> 
> Looked all across the 'Net and have found zero fixes outside of wiping
> the hard drive. The latest Dell support pages regarding the set up of
> the boot sequence does not cover the firmware installed on my PC.
> 
> I suspect Microsoft is back to trying to squelch the use of software
> other than what it approves of.
> 
> Thought you might wish to be aware.
> 
> Dave Leach
> 
> 

Worked fine for me on my new Dell 15-3567, no changes needed in BIOS
settings to install debian.  Upgraded to the new BIOS by loading the
.exe onto a FAT32 usb stick.  Directions:

https://www.dell.com/support/article/us/en/04/sln171755/update-the-dell-bios-in-a-linux-or-ubuntu-environment?lang=en#updatebios2015

Update the Dell BIOS in a Linux or Ubuntu environment

Good luck!
Ralph




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Ethernet trouble

[ghe]

Buster, SuperMicro box

The labels for my Ethernet ports have changed.

There are 2 ports on this box. They used to be called enp6s0 and enp7s0.
Now they're called enp7s0 and enp8s0 (6, 7, and 8). I've rebooted 3
times, and they don't change.

My /etc/network/interfaces had config info for 6 and 7 -- 6 auto, 7 DHCP.

After boot now, there are no interfaces listed in ifconfig (except lo).
And the routing table is empty. ifconfig -a shows 7 and 8.

When I ifup 6, it says it can't find an interface. ifup 7 configures
correctly as described in the interfaces file -- it DHCPs the WiFi out
in the hall and brings up this end of bridge from Ethernet to the WiFi.

If I change 6 to 7 in the interfaces file, comment out 8, and reboot, 7
configs properly, the way 6 used to.

Changing 7 to 8, uncommenting 8, and ifup'ing 8, gets 8 configured
correctly and connects to the bridge.

Everything seems to work as 7 and 8. But this morning, it was 6 and 7.
My shell scripts are all broken now and I'm afraid that next week, after
I change all my scripts, something will change things back. Or increment
them again.

Anybody have an explanation? Or somewhere I can start looking? Or know
how whatever labels Ethernet ports does it (or why they weren't called 0
and 1 in the first place)?

-- 
Glenn English

Re: How to set Gedit left margin to 80 characters

[Default User]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020, 12:18 Curt  wrote:

> On 2020-01-28, Default User  wrote:
> >
> > Okay, I'm stumped.
> >
> > I'm running 64-bit Debian unstable, Cinnamon desktop environment.
> >
> > All I want to do is set the Gedit left margin to 80 characters, so that
> > text hard-wraps (or at least soft-wraps) at that point.
>
> Don't you mean "right" instead of "left"? Or are you composing in
> Hebrew?
>
> > Currently, with the word-wrap setting in Gedit selected, and a visual
> > representation of a margin showing at column 80, text will sail right on
> by
> > the bogus margin at 80 characters, not wrapping until it reaches the left
> > edge of the display.
>
> A hands-on experimental session with Gedit has not revealed to this
> correspondent the way forward here.
>
> > After doing some research, it seems that it may not even be possible in
> > Gedit to set a real, functional left margin to 80 characters.
>
> All I could find was this:
>
> https://ssplab.wordpress.com/2012/06/08/hard-word-wrapping-in-gedit/
>
> > What?
>
> Dumbfounding.
>
> > Well, can it be done?
>
> Hoop, meet jumper.
>
> > And if not, (rhetorical question) why not?
> >
>
> Rhetorical. Gotcha.
>
> --
> "J'ai pour me guérir du jugement des autres toute la distance qui me
> sépare de
> moi." Antonin Artaud
>
>

Gene, thank you for your review of Gedit, and your mention of Geany - it
looks interesting (although it too seems to lack the margin setting
capability).

Curt, yes I really did mean right margin, not left. I never could tell my
right from my left. Thank you for the link you provided. That too looks
interesting. I will try it tomorrow.

BTW, there is LibreOffice Writer, which does have the margin setting
capability, but is really overkill for many (most?) uses.

And of course there is Emacs, which can do anything. Which I have been
meaning to learn, as soon as I win the lottery and thus have nothing else
to do for the next 10 years.  The lottery money will also be needed to pay
for medical care for the resultant carpal tunnel syndrome.

Re: How to set Gedit left margin to 80 characters

[Gene Heskett]

On Tuesday 28 January 2020 19:57:02 Default User wrote:

> On Tue, Jan 28, 2020, 12:18 Curt  wrote:
> > On 2020-01-28, Default User  wrote:
> > > Okay, I'm stumped.
> > >
> > > I'm running 64-bit Debian unstable, Cinnamon desktop environment.
> > >
> > > All I want to do is set the Gedit left margin to 80 characters, so
> > > that text hard-wraps (or at least soft-wraps) at that point.
> >
> > Don't you mean "right" instead of "left"? Or are you composing in
> > Hebrew?
> >
> > > Currently, with the word-wrap setting in Gedit selected, and a
> > > visual representation of a margin showing at column 80, text will
> > > sail right on
> >
> > by
> >
> > > the bogus margin at 80 characters, not wrapping until it reaches
> > > the left edge of the display.
> >
> > A hands-on experimental session with Gedit has not revealed to this
> > correspondent the way forward here.
> >
> > > After doing some research, it seems that it may not even be
> > > possible in Gedit to set a real, functional left margin to 80
> > > characters.
> >
> > All I could find was this:
> >
> > https://ssplab.wordpress.com/2012/06/08/hard-word-wrapping-in-gedit/
> >
> > > What?
> >
> > Dumbfounding.
> >
> > > Well, can it be done?
> >
> > Hoop, meet jumper.
> >
> > > And if not, (rhetorical question) why not?
> >
> > Rhetorical. Gotcha.
> >
> > --
> > "J'ai pour me guérir du jugement des autres toute la distance qui me
> > sépare de
> > moi." Antonin Artaud
>
> Gene, thank you for your review of Gedit, and your mention of Geany -
> it looks interesting (although it too seems to lack the margin setting
> capability).

Look for "word wrap" in its copious pulldowns. Its there someplace.
>
> Curt, yes I really did mean right margin, not left. I never could tell
> my right from my left. Thank you for the link you provided. That too
> looks interesting. I will try it tomorrow.
>
> BTW, there is LibreOffice Writer, which does have the margin setting
> capability, but is really overkill for many (most?) uses.
>
> And of course there is Emacs, which can do anything. Which I have been
> meaning to learn, as soon as I win the lottery and thus have nothing
> else to do for the next 10 years.  The lottery money will also be
> needed to pay for medical care for the resultant carpal tunnel
> syndrome.

By golly, he's got it! :)

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: Re: Planning a Debian NAS

[Tom Dial]

On 1/28/20 03:15, Aidan Gauland wrote:

On 27/01/20 12:40 pm, Tom Dial wrote:
I can't tell whether or not this response is facetious. If it is, and 
you are not determined for other reasons to use Linux, I recommend 
FreeNAS 
No, I was serious, but I do have limits.  I've looked at FreeNAS, but I 
would much rather use Debian, partially for familiarity, and party 
because this will be a multi-purpose server, not just a NAS.


That's entirely reasonable. FreeNAS has a number of easily installed and 
managed plugins for various purposes, but nowhere near what is available 
for Debian (or probably FreeBSD). It will, however, run in a VM using 
kvm or VirtualBox, maybe well enough to saturate one or more gigabit 
ethernet channels, depending on the underlying hardware capabilities. 
That might be a reasonable alternative that could simplify storage 
service setup and management. Many of the easily found Internet pieces 
should be skipped, though, except for


https://www.ixsystems.com/blog/yes-you-can-virtualize-freenas/

In particular, the devices presented to a VM for use in storage zpools 
should be complete raw HDDs or SSDs (the root volume could be a 
hypervisor virtual device, however).


Tom Dial

Re: Sudo

[Patrick Bartek]

On Tue, 28 Jan 2020 20:18:01 +
Brian  wrote:

> On Tue 28 Jan 2020 at 11:02:12 -0800, Patrick Bartek wrote:
> 
> > The biggest security flaw with any OS is the user.  
> 
> By God. I wish I said that!
> 
> The same is true is true of motor cars, washing machines, microwave
> cookers, TV sets, bicycles, the postal system etc, etc. These damned
> humans - nothing but trouble.

Except the smart ones. They read the manual. :)

B

Re: Sudo

[John Hasler]

Patrick Bartek writes:
> Except the smart ones. They read the manual.

They are the most dangerous ones.  The fools make mere foolish
mistakes.  The smart users make clever ones.
-- 
John Hasler 
jhas...@newsguy.com
Elmwood, WI USA

Re: Emacs and loss of highlighting: problem semi-solved (Buster MATE)

[Andrei POPESCU]

On Ma, 28 ian 20, 09:59:44, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> On Mon, Jan 27, 2020 at 07:54:47PM -0600, Nate Bargmann wrote:
> 
> >  As that package apparently is required for the Mate desktop, it's
> > likely that to resolve this that you'll need to comment the lines in
> > that file as root and note that package upgrades may overwrite your
> > commented file with the one supplied with the package.
> 
> This would be a Debian policy violation. /etc is taboo, sysadmin
> overrides (you get asked at upgrade, though, so some vigilance is
> in order).

It seems to me you are conflating dpkg conffiles[1] with files in /etc.

[1] https://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ap-pkg-conffiles.html

Kind regards,
Andrei
-- 
http://wiki.debian.org/FAQsFromDebianUser


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Re: Sudo

[Andrei POPESCU]

On Ma, 28 ian 20, 08:24:29, David Wright wrote:
> 
> My view is that more damage is done to home systems by the sysadmins
> than by external malice, so anything that protects the system from
> such damage is a useful resource. I think that selective sudo¹
> provides one way of reducing damage by separating critical operations
> (done by su'ing to root) from the benign day-to-day maintenance
> done using sudo.
> 
> ¹ by selective sudo I mean
> 
> $ sudo some-command …
> $ 

Do you mean setting up sudo only for specific commands? That is surely 
useful to delegate specific tasks (e.g. 'apt update && apt upgrade') to 
an advanced user.

> rather than the locked-up sudo-only scheme that you can select with
> the debian-installer. I'm not familiar with the latter.

Debian's sudo setup is quite simple: members of group 'sudo' get full 
root privileges by providing their *own* password. 'sudo some-command' 
works, as well as 'sudo -i' to get a root shell. Root logins (an 
consequently also 'su') are disabled.

In my opinion sudo is best used something like:

$ sudo apt update
$ apt search some_string
$ apt show some_package
$ sudo apt install some_package
$ man some_program
$ sudo some_program do_stuff_requiring_root
etc.

Hope this explains,
Andrei
-- 
http://wiki.debian.org/FAQsFromDebianUser


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Re: How to set Gedit left margin to 80 characters

[Andrei POPESCU]

On Lu, 27 ian 20, 19:16:35, Default User wrote:
> Okay, I'm stumped.
> 
> I'm running 64-bit Debian unstable, Cinnamon desktop environment.
> 
> All I want to do is set the Gedit left margin to 80 characters, so that
> text hard-wraps (or at least soft-wraps) at that point.

If you take suggestions for editors you might as well look into (g)vim, 
or cream if you find the learning curve too steep.

Kind regards,
Andrei
-- 
http://wiki.debian.org/FAQsFromDebianUser


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Re: Sudo

[tomas]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 11:02:12AM -0800, Patrick Bartek wrote:

[...]

> Although, I seem to remember a couple of distros would recommend you
> create more secure password, if you entered a poor one, but would still
> accept the poor one, if you chose to do so. Can't remember which
> distro(s) though. 

Read man page on pam_unix and install libpam_cracklib and/or libpam_pwquality
if you want to play BOFH towards your users. As far as I'm concerned, I'll
hope I never are your user ;-)

Cheers
-- t


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Re: Sudo

[tomas]

On Tue, Jan 28, 2020 at 07:00:03PM -0800, Patrick Bartek wrote:
> On Tue, 28 Jan 2020 20:18:01 +
> Brian  wrote:
> 
> > On Tue 28 Jan 2020 at 11:02:12 -0800, Patrick Bartek wrote:
> > 
> > > The biggest security flaw with any OS is the user.  
> > 
> > By God. I wish I said that!
> > 
> > The same is true is true of motor cars, washing machines, microwave
> > cookers, TV sets, bicycles, the postal system etc, etc. These damned
> > humans - nothing but trouble.
> 
> Except the smart ones. They read the manual. :)

You don't seem to -- otherwise you'd have found how to get Debian to
check password strength ;-P

Cheers
-- t


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Debian netinstall systemd-boot (bootloader) support

[Fun Society]

Hi, can you guys add/provide systemd-boot option on the Debian installer?
Because some of the UEFI laptop not supported grub bootloader, The bios
automatically delete boot entry if the name of the grub boot entry not
"Linux" and grub installation by Debian installer is named Debian so the
machine won't detect the os.

The machine will boot if the grub is installed with this specific command:
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --boot-directory=esp
--bootloader-id="Linux"

Which is not the command provided by the Debian installer.

So I suggest systemd-boot should be added as options for bootloader
installation on the Debian installer. The BIOS can automatically detect OS
by systemd-boot.

This probably happened on windows only supported os.

Sincerely

Re: using git

[Andrei POPESCU]

On Ma, 28 ian 20, 14:14:05, mick crane wrote:
> 
> I tried to do bits of programming before and kept the changes in directories
> on the same machine which doesn't always seem to work if go back to it after
> several months.

You might want to elaborate on this if you want useful suggestions.

As as start try to develop the habit to always commit your changes (no 
matter how small) and write commit messages that will make sense to you 
months (if not years) later.

In case you want a "clean up" your history it's possible to "squash" 
and/or reorder commits later.

> I thought Git on a separate machine might help to keep track
> of things.

It makes things more complicated for possibly no good reason (more 
details would be necessary to provide good suggestions here).

Kind regards,
Andrei
-- 
http://wiki.debian.org/FAQsFromDebianUser


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Re: Emacs and loss of highlighting: problem semi-solved (Buster MATE)

[tomas]

On Wed, Jan 29, 2020 at 08:48:56AM +0200, Andrei POPESCU wrote:
> On Ma, 28 ian 20, 09:59:44, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> > On Mon, Jan 27, 2020 at 07:54:47PM -0600, Nate Bargmann wrote:
> > 
> > >  As that package apparently is required for the Mate desktop, it's
> > > likely that to resolve this that you'll need to comment the lines in
> > > that file as root and note that package upgrades may overwrite your
> > > commented file with the one supplied with the package.
> > 
> > This would be a Debian policy violation. /etc is taboo, sysadmin
> > overrides (you get asked at upgrade, though, so some vigilance is
> > in order).
> 
> It seems to me you are conflating dpkg conffiles[1] with files in /etc.
> 
> [1] https://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ap-pkg-conffiles.html

Yep, but this [2] /strongly/ suggests that conffiles are exactly those
living under /etc.

Cheers
[2] https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/maint-guide/dother.en.html#conffiles

-- tomás


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Re: Ethernet trouble

[Klaus Singvogel]

ghe wrote:
> Anybody have an explanation? Or somewhere I can start looking? Or know
> how whatever labels Ethernet ports does it (or why they weren't called 0
> and 1 in the first place)?

The keywords you want to search for:
udev, "consistent network device names", and debian

Best regards,
Klaus.
-- 
Klaus Singvogel
GnuPG-Key-ID: 1024R/5068792D  1994-06-27