Re: Chromium Xperience

[Liviu Andronic]

Hello

On Wed, May 19, 2010 at 3:15 AM, KS  wrote:
> I feel it is more responsive and is "faster" than Iceweasel This could
>
If you have little against non-open-source programmes, you might also
want to try Opera >10.50. It has not been released yet [1], but here I
am playing with beta releases and they look very promising. UI
responsiveness and rendering speed are at least as good as Chromium's,
although Opera boasts that it's the fastest in the world while some
benchmark sites seem to confirm this. Start-up speed is much improved,
albeit bit slower than Chromium and perhaps on par with Iceweasel. It
passes acid3, while Chromium and Iceweasel fail (at least the versions
that I have installed here in Squeeze). Lastly, the interface is
cleanly revamped and converges to that of Chromium, although
maintaining the Opera-ish specifics. Not of interest to KDE users, on
Xfce (and Gnome, I suspect) the interface is *very* GTK feel-alike,
not least via the GTK filechooser and print dialogues.

To echo previous posters, another promising open-source project is Midori.

Regards
Liviu

[1] http://my.opera.com/desktopteam/blog/


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Re: LVM

[Gerald C.Catling]

On Tuesday, June 15, 2010 10:25:56 am Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
> On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 08:27:32AM +1000, Gerald C.Catling wrote:
> > Hi Boyd,
> > At what point and how do I insert -P in the lvm system?
> 
> man lvchange
> 
> > Many thanks to all respondents, and NO I did not have a backup, no drive
> > big enough to hold all data.
> 
> um... really? I've heard all sorts of reasons for not making backups,
> but that is *definitely* not a valid reason. (hint, there is no valid
> reason other than "The loss of this data does not matter", which
> suggests the questions "then why do you have the data?").
> 
> There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
> enough to hold the data.
> 
> .02
> 
> A
Hi Andrew,
One good reason is that I am 73 coming on 4 and pensions are not sufficient to 
support my buying larger HDD's.
I do appreciate the effort you and others have put into your replies. But it 
does seem to me that all the data is lost!
Thanks again
Gerald


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how execute command on every mail received

[paragasu]

Hi all,

I wonder if there is a simple SMTP deamon.
This deamon will execute a specific command on every email received.

I have a PHP program that will parse the email and
send SMS to specific mobile phone number thereafter.

please advice.

Thanks

Re: debian architecture history question

[Stan Hoeppner]

Aaron Toponce put forth on 6/14/2010 10:02 AM:
> On 6/12/2010 8:11 PM, Anand Sivaram wrote:
>> On Fri, Jun 11, 2010 at 22:39, Aaron Toponce > > wrote:
>> Other than the kernel, which is compiled for 686 instruction sets, and
>> maybe a few core packages that would benefit from targeting the 686
>> architecture, Debian compiles the rest of the packages against 386.
>> There is no 386 kernel available.  Kernel starts from 486 only.
> 
> I never mentioned there was a 386 kernel.

Disclaimer:  my comments below intentionally exclude x86-64 capable CPUs


There are different kernels for different models of the Intel x86 processor
family and compatibles, but make no mistake, they all use the same instruction
set introduced in the 80386.  There is no i686 instruction set, nor an i586 or
i486 instruction set.  As a matter of fact, the latter of these aren't even
models of Intel CPUs.  What kernel programmers call i586 and i686 are actually
classes or sets of features of Intel and compatible competitor CPUs from
Cyrix, IBM, TI, and AMD.  The original Intel 60/66 MHz Pentium model number is
actually 80501.  All Pentiums up to the MMX models were numbered 80502.  The
i686 kernel label describes the Pentium Pro, whose model number is 80521, and
all other later 32 bit x86 CPUs to follow it.

The differences in the kernels designed for (notice I did not say _compiled_
for) each of these CPU generations/models has nothing to do with different
instruction sets (remember they all use the same ISA), but with specific
features found in these various CPUs and/or features of the platform classes.
 For example, to use PCI devices and to map them into memory properly requires
support in the kernel, as does mapping PCI IRQs.  80386/80486 systems don't
have PCI buses but only ISA (and very rarely VESA) buses and thus don't
require the kernel code to support PCI.  Likewise, the 80[34]86 and the 80501
don't offer 36 bits of addressing nor PAE.  The 80521 Pentium Pro and later
CPUs do.  PAE support requires kernel code to enable and use up to 64GB of
physical memory.

The main difference between the 80521 Pentium Pro and earlier CPUs, other than
the software transparent decoupled CISC/RISC core, is in cache and memory
management.  The 80521 introduced the now ubiquitous dedicated L2 cache bus,
called a "backside bus" and an L2 cache fully controlled by the CPU core MMU.
 All previous CPUs dating back to the 80486 had their L2 caches sitting on the
main system bus which created a bottleneck.  Moving the L2 cache to a
dedicated bus required a more sophisticated on chip MMU.  This also requires
kernel support, and AFAIK is the main difference between "i686" kernels and
the "i486 i586" kernels.  The other significant difference is the 36 bit
physical address bus of the PPro and Physical Address Extensions, or PAE.
When using one of the i686-bigmem kernels, PAE is enabled and the kernel can
directly access up to 64GB of installed RAM.

Again, the differences in the various 32bit kernels have nothing to do with
the instruction sets being different.  They are identical.  The differences in
the kernels are due to underlying features of the processor models and
features of their respective platforms, _not the instruction sets_.

-- 
Stan


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Configuring the Huawei E620 dongle to work using wvdial

[Ken Heard]

-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
Hash: SHA1

I have a Lenovo Thinkpad R61 with Lenny and KDE installed.  I am in GB
and would like to go on line using a Vodafone K3565 dongle, which is
really a Huawei E620.

To set up file wvdial.conf I ran command wvdialconf, with the following
result created in that file:

[Dialer Defaults]
Init2 = ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
Modem Type = Analog Modem
Phone = *99***1#
#ISDN = 0
Username = web
Init1 = ATZ
Password = web
Modem = /dev/ttyUSB0
Baud = 9600
Init3 = AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","pp.internet"

(The Phone, Username and Password entries I entered myself on the advice
of others who posted their results on the web.)

I then ran command wvdial, which produced the following log:

- --> WvDial: Internet dialer version 1.60
- --> Cannot get information for serial port.
- --> Initializing modem.
- --> Sending: ATZ
ATZ
OK
- --> Sending: ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
OK
- --> Sending: AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","pp.internet"
AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","pp.internet"
OK
- --> Modem initialized.
- --> Sending: ATDT*99***1#
- --> Waiting for carrier.
ATDT*99***1#
CONNECT
- --> Carrier detected.  Waiting for prompt.
- --> Don't know what to do!  Starting pppd and hoping for the best.
- --> Starting pppd at Mon Jun 14 12:32:40 2010
- --> Pid of pppd: 5183
- --> Using interface ppp0
- --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
- --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
- --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
- --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
- --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
- --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
- --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
- --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
- --> Disconnecting at Mon Jun 14 12:32:44 2010
- --> The PPP daemon has died: A modem hung up the phone (exit code = 16)
- --> man pppd explains pppd error codes in more detail.
- --> Try again and look into /var/log/messages and the wvdial and pppd
man pages for more information.
- --> Auto Reconnect will be attempted in 5 seconds
- --> Cannot get information for serial port.
- --> Initializing modem.

The second line, "Cannot get information for serial port" seems
irrelevant, as wvdial proceeded to try to connect anyway.

These two lines seem particularly distressing:
- --> Carrier detected.  Waiting for prompt.
- --> Don't know what to do!  Starting pppd and hoping for the best.
Wvdial appears to be waiting for something but cannot get it.  It
consequently disconnected the modem.  As indicated by the last three
lines in the log quoted, wvdial tried repeatedly to connect, with the
same result, until I killed the run with Control-C.

I looked at /var/log/messages.  All it said that was relevant was:

Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: pppd 2.4.4 started by root, uid 0
Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: Using interface ppp0
Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/ttyUSB0
Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: Warning - secret file
/etc/ppp/pap-secrets has world and/or group access
Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: Warning - secret file
/etc/ppp/chap-secrets has world and/or group access
Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: CHAP authentication succeeded
Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: CHAP authentication succeeded
Jun 14 07:32:43 R61 pppd[5183]: Modem hangup
Jun 14 07:32:43 R61 pppd[5183]: Connection terminated.
Jun 14 07:32:43 R61 pppd[5183]: Exit.

I could not find anything in the man files mentioned in the log which
would appear helpful to me.

I am trying to find somebody in Vodafone who might know the answer.
(Vodafone seems to be the only dongle provider in GB which -- rather
than ridiculing Linux -- is actually trying to be helpful.  In fact they
have created three .deb packages, vodaphone-mobile-connect,
usb-modeswitch and ozerocdoff, available from www.betavine.net, which
Vodafone claims work on Ubuntu, but certainly not on Debian Lenny -- or
at least on my installation of Debian Lenny.  I have so reported to
Vodafone.

Can anybody provide me with suggestions of what I should now try so that
I can use this dongle?

Regards, Ken Heard
-BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-
Version: GnuPG v2.0.9 (GNU/Linux)
Comment: Using GnuPG with Mozilla - http://enigmail.mozdev.org

iEYEARECAAYFAkwXREQACgkQlNlJzOkJmTeu6QCfRY7CPJl0iulEvdQIbBsQzauv
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-END PGP SIGNATURE-


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Re: how execute command on every mail received

[Erwan David]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 11:33:47AM CEST, paragasu  said:
> Hi all,
> 
> I wonder if there is a simple SMTP deamon.
> This deamon will execute a specific command on every email received.
> 
> I have a PHP program that will parse the email and
> send SMS to specific mobile phone number thereafter.
> 
> please advice.
> 
> Thanks

You may do this with a pipe transport in postfix.

Note however that you must be extra careful for dealing with spams and
errors...


-- 
Erwan


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Re: how execute command on every mail received

[paragasu]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 5:40 PM, Erwan David  wrote:

> On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 11:33:47AM CEST, paragasu 
> said:
> > Hi all,
> >
> > I wonder if there is a simple SMTP deamon.
> > This deamon will execute a specific command on every email received.
> >
> > I have a PHP program that will parse the email and
> > send SMS to specific mobile phone number thereafter.
> >
> > please advice.
> >
> > Thanks
>
> You may do this with a pipe transport in postfix.
>
> Note however that you must be extra careful for dealing with spams and
> errors...
>
>
> --
> Erwan
>
>
> --
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>
>
Hi Erwan,

Since i only listen to 1 specific email address.
I guess i can do something like firewall etc.

paragasu.

Re: LVM

[Stan Hoeppner]

Boyd Stephen Smith Jr. put forth on 6/14/2010 10:45 AM:
> On Monday 14 June 2010 03:11:56 Gerald C.Catling wrote:
>> Hi Guy's,
>> I am not a Debian user but I have seen references to LVM here.
>> I have 3 drives LVM'd to give me 1.3TB of storage space on my server.
>> The first drive of this set has died.
> 
> Mostly, when one of your physical volumes is irrecoverably lost, so is any 
> logical volume whose logical extents corresponded to one of the lost physical 
> extents.

This is why one should only use LVM on top of real hardware or software RAID
or a big SAN LUN.  Using LVM for what most in the IT world have typically
called "disk spanning", which has been around for over 2 decades, is a recipe
for trouble in the absence of a good backup/recovery procedure, as the OP has
unfortunately discovered.

If the OP truly needs 1.3 TB of usable space, I'd highly recommend acquiring
two of these:
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16822136592

and mirroring them with mdadm.  There are many guides available for
accomplishing this.  If 500GB is really all that's needed, one can accomplish
the same goals for half the cost with the 500GB WD Blue from the same etailer
above.

-- 
Stan


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Re: how execute command on every mail received

[Patryk Cisek]

Try ssmtp.

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 05:43:57PM +0800, paragasu wrote:
> On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 5:40 PM, Erwan David  wrote:
> 
> > On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 11:33:47AM CEST, paragasu 
> > said:
> > > Hi all,
> > >
> > > I wonder if there is a simple SMTP deamon.
> > > This deamon will execute a specific command on every email received.
> > >
> > > I have a PHP program that will parse the email and
> > > send SMS to specific mobile phone number thereafter.
> > >
> > > please advice.
> > >
> > > Thanks
> >
> > You may do this with a pipe transport in postfix.
> >
> > Note however that you must be extra careful for dealing with spams and
> > errors...
> >
> >
> > --
> > Erwan
> >
> >
> > --
> > To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org
> > with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact
> > listmas...@lists.debian.org
> > Archive: http://lists.debian.org/20100615094034.gc20...@trusted-logic.com
> >
> >
> Hi Erwan,
> 
> Since i only listen to 1 specific email address.
> I guess i can do something like firewall etc.
> 
> paragasu.


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Re: Configuring the Huawei E620 dongle to work using wvdial

[Alexander Samad]

Hi

I am doing something similiar with tpg (aka optus), can I suggest just
using pppd call   debug untill you work out what the
problem is, it all looks okay to me. but debug should give you some
more info.

Alex

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 7:13 PM, Ken Heard  wrote:
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
> Hash: SHA1
>
> I have a Lenovo Thinkpad R61 with Lenny and KDE installed.  I am in GB
> and would like to go on line using a Vodafone K3565 dongle, which is
> really a Huawei E620.
>
> To set up file wvdial.conf I ran command wvdialconf, with the following
> result created in that file:
>
> [Dialer Defaults]
> Init2 = ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
> Modem Type = Analog Modem
> Phone = *99***1#
> #ISDN = 0
> Username = web
> Init1 = ATZ
> Password = web
> Modem = /dev/ttyUSB0
> Baud = 9600
> Init3 = AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","pp.internet"
>
> (The Phone, Username and Password entries I entered myself on the advice
> of others who posted their results on the web.)
>
> I then ran command wvdial, which produced the following log:
>
> - --> WvDial: Internet dialer version 1.60
> - --> Cannot get information for serial port.
> - --> Initializing modem.
> - --> Sending: ATZ
> ATZ
> OK
> - --> Sending: ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
> ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
> OK
> - --> Sending: AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","pp.internet"
> AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","pp.internet"
> OK
> - --> Modem initialized.
> - --> Sending: ATDT*99***1#
> - --> Waiting for carrier.
> ATDT*99***1#
> CONNECT
> - --> Carrier detected.  Waiting for prompt.
> - --> Don't know what to do!  Starting pppd and hoping for the best.
> - --> Starting pppd at Mon Jun 14 12:32:40 2010
> - --> Pid of pppd: 5183
> - --> Using interface ppp0
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> Disconnecting at Mon Jun 14 12:32:44 2010
> - --> The PPP daemon has died: A modem hung up the phone (exit code = 16)
> - --> man pppd explains pppd error codes in more detail.
> - --> Try again and look into /var/log/messages and the wvdial and pppd
> man pages for more information.
> - --> Auto Reconnect will be attempted in 5 seconds
> - --> Cannot get information for serial port.
> - --> Initializing modem.
>
> The second line, "Cannot get information for serial port" seems
> irrelevant, as wvdial proceeded to try to connect anyway.
>
> These two lines seem particularly distressing:
> - --> Carrier detected.  Waiting for prompt.
> - --> Don't know what to do!  Starting pppd and hoping for the best.
> Wvdial appears to be waiting for something but cannot get it.  It
> consequently disconnected the modem.  As indicated by the last three
> lines in the log quoted, wvdial tried repeatedly to connect, with the
> same result, until I killed the run with Control-C.
>
> I looked at /var/log/messages.  All it said that was relevant was:
>
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: pppd 2.4.4 started by root, uid 0
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: Using interface ppp0
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/ttyUSB0
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: Warning - secret file
> /etc/ppp/pap-secrets has world and/or group access
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: Warning - secret file
> /etc/ppp/chap-secrets has world and/or group access
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: CHAP authentication succeeded
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: CHAP authentication succeeded
> Jun 14 07:32:43 R61 pppd[5183]: Modem hangup
> Jun 14 07:32:43 R61 pppd[5183]: Connection terminated.
> Jun 14 07:32:43 R61 pppd[5183]: Exit.
>
> I could not find anything in the man files mentioned in the log which
> would appear helpful to me.
>
> I am trying to find somebody in Vodafone who might know the answer.
> (Vodafone seems to be the only dongle provider in GB which -- rather
> than ridiculing Linux -- is actually trying to be helpful.  In fact they
> have created three .deb packages, vodaphone-mobile-connect,
> usb-modeswitch and ozerocdoff, available from www.betavine.net, which
> Vodafone claims work on Ubuntu, but certainly not on Debian Lenny -- or
> at least on my installation of Debian Lenny.  I have so reported to
> Vodafone.
>
> Can anybody provide me with suggestions of what I should now try so that
> I can use this dongle?
>
> Regards, Ken Heard
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-
> Version: GnuPG v2.0.9 (GNU/Linux)
> Comment: Using GnuPG with Mozilla - http://enigmail.mozdev.org
>
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> =o5Ba
> -END PGP SIGNATURE-
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> Archi

Re: how execute command on every mail received

[paragasu]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 5:59 PM, Patryk Cisek  wrote:

> Try ssmtp.
>
> On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 05:43:57PM +0800, paragasu wrote:
> > On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 5:40 PM, Erwan David  wrote:
> >
> > > On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 11:33:47AM CEST, paragasu 
> > > said:
> > > > Hi all,
> > > >
> > > > I wonder if there is a simple SMTP deamon.
> > > > This deamon will execute a specific command on every email received.
> > > >
> > > > I have a PHP program that will parse the email and
> > > > send SMS to specific mobile phone number thereafter.
> > > >
> > > > please advice.
> > > >
> > > > Thanks
> > >
> > > You may do this with a pipe transport in postfix.
> > >
> > > Note however that you must be extra careful for dealing with spams and
> > > errors...
> > >
> > >
> > > --
> > > Erwan
> > >
> > >
> > > --
> > > To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org
> > > with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact
> > > listmas...@lists.debian.org
> > > Archive:
> http://lists.debian.org/20100615094034.gc20...@trusted-logic.com
> > >
> > >
> > Hi Erwan,
> >
> > Since i only listen to 1 specific email address.
> > I guess i can do something like firewall etc.
> >
> > paragasu.
>
>
> --
> To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org
> with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact
> listmas...@lists.debian.org
> Archive:
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>
>
Hi Erwan,

AFAIK, ssmtp is for sending email.
I don't think i can use that

paragasu

Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Lisi]

Please excuse the thread breaking.  I have suddenly been being rejected by the 
list server and am sending for the third time.  I hope that the list server 
is now happy with my SMTP settings.

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 01:25:56 Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
> There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
> enough to hold the data.

Would you feel inclined to elaborate?  I'm trying to solve this problem for my 
granddaughter's large HDD, and am not keen to have to buy a 300GB external 
drive.  Tar would still require a fairly large medium. :-(

Lisi


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Re: LVM

[Stan Hoeppner]

Andrew Sackville-West put forth on 6/14/2010 7:25 PM:

> There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
> enough to hold the data.
> 
> .02

tar and parallel bzip2 would cover most of the journey for the OP, assuming
he's got at minimum a dual core CPU or an older SMP box, available scratch
space, a DVD burner, and enough acumen to figure out how to use these together
to achieve his backup goals (which he should already be forming given his
recent experience).

http://compression.ca/pbzip2/


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Backups - was Re: LVM

[Lisi]

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 01:25:56 Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
> There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
> enough to hold the data.

Would you feel inclined to elaborate?  I'm trying to solve this problem for my 
granddaughter's large HDD, and am not keen to have to buy a 300GB external 
drive.  Tar would still require a fairly large medium, would it not. :-(

Lisi


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git rebase question

[Anand Sivaram]

I am trying to understand the different aspects of git rebase, especially
the "--onto" option.  So I was going through "git help rebase".
That made me consider a few other scenarios.


1. The first example is "git rebase master" or "git rebase master topic"
But if we want to use "--onto" option, this would become
git rebase --onto master E topic
or
git checkout topic
git rebase --onto master E
Where E is ether the commit hash of E, HEAD~3, master~3 or any other
tag/branch
attribute of E in case there are any.
Is it correct?

2. In the same example, when we do
git rebase --onto F E topic
Does the output become the following?
  A'--B'--C' topic
 /
D---E---F---G master


3. In the same example, suppose we do
git rebase --onto master B topic
The output will become

 C' topic
/
D---E---F---G master

Is it like cherry picking just C
git cherry-pick C

Could anyone verify these answers?

Thanks and Regards

Anand

Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Alexander Samad]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 8:32 PM, Lisi  wrote:
> Please excuse the thread breaking.  I have suddenly been being rejected by the
> list server and am sending for the third time.  I hope that the list server
> is now happy with my SMTP settings.
>
> On Tuesday 15 June 2010 01:25:56 Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
>> There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
>> enough to hold the data.
>
> Would you feel inclined to elaborate?  I'm trying to solve this problem for my
> granddaughter's large HDD, and am not keen to have to buy a 300GB external
> drive.  Tar would still require a fairly large medium. :-(

It all depends. Questions to ask

How much total data is there to backup
How much data changes on each change
how many backups do I want to keep.
How easy do I want to make my restores


I use rdiff-backup remote diff backup package to a backup server, I
usually keep about 30 backups, figure if I haven't noticed in a month
then I probably don't really need it :)  I have plenty of space on my
backup server (you could use a NAS box - one of those ones that takes
2 disks so that you can raid1).

I backup the system and the valuable data

and for the really valuable data I send to 2 remote sites - its all
automated so I don't have to worry about it (sends me emails when it
has problems).  took me a while to write/setup the system.

I realise i will need a debian DVD to recover a machine, install base
and then just restore the system backup set and go from there.

One thing to remember also RAID is not a backup solution.



>
> Lisi
>
>
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Re: Backups - was Re: LVM

[Alan Chandler]

On 15/06/10 11:36, Lisi wrote:

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 01:25:56 Andrew Sackville-West wrote:

There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
enough to hold the data.


Would you feel inclined to elaborate?  I'm trying to solve this problem for my
granddaughter's large HDD, and am not keen to have to buy a 300GB external
drive.  Tar would still require a fairly large medium, would it not. :-(

Lisi




I find it interesting that the discussion is about the size of the media 
on which the data is stored rather than the size of the dataset(s) itself.


I am not by any means running a professional shop, but at home I do have 
desktops and laptops to take care of, and I do have a major external 
site that I look after and some smaller stuff that I am starting to do 
professionally.


I have been using approximately the same approach for several years, but 
I have just started to formalize it by documenting what I do in a 
private tiddly wiki (see http://www.tiddlywiki.org) that I can refer to 
and keep up to date (previously it was jottings in a notebook that I 
used to keep this sort of information in).


I realise that I have to compromise because of the limited storage 
capacity I have in all locations (although my two 1TB disks I hope to 
take delivery of in the next few days is going to ease some worries :-) 
), so I define some of my storage as single disk and some as software 
raid 1 (using mdadm).


I first define the set of key data stores that I wish to protect and for 
each one indicate their size, whether they need to be operationally 
protected by being on raid and how frequent/recent a backup of that I 
need.  For frequency I generally work on daily, weekly and monthly 
(because of the ability to drop a backup script in /etc/cron.daily etc) 
although I also have datasets that are accessed by Americans (I am in 
the UK) so I also have /etc/cron.d entries that specify 9-10am times as 
opposed to the middle of the night for the /etc/cron.daily and similar.


I use that to develop a backup plan - where I can copy the datasets 
locally on the same machine, (mainly I tend to do that with database 
dumps in the first instance), across between two machines, or offsite 
from machines across the internet.


For convenience I tend to use rsync -a sometimes with the --delete 
option sometimes not. Internally between machines I like to have rsyncd 
running, defining the local datasets with a module in rsyncd.conf - and 
specifically my wifes Windows XP desktop, and my Windows 7 laptop have 
rsync running as a service so I can back these machines up from linux.


Once I know what my requirements are for dataset storages including the 
operational copy and the backups, I then define what I need in terms of 
raid, non-raid, and an approximation of the volumes.  I tend to use LVM 
on raid or on a single disk.  I try and avoid using LVM to span volumes, 
although in the past it has been necessary and it DID bite me.


(I was using PVMOVE to move data off a disk I wanted to release.  PVMOVE 
seems to be VERY sensitive to other things happening as well, and I 
stupidly got bored with waiting for it to finish and started another 
task on the same volume group.  It screwed up and lost the data from 
that - I can't remember if it was just the LV that I was trying to move 
off the PV or whether it was the entire volume group)


One key store is my longer term archive.  I wrote about that in my 2005 
blog entry


http://www.chandlerfamily.org.uk/blog/2005/apr/backup-and-archiving-home

(this store is both on raid, and backed up on another machine - sadly I 
can't afford to back it up off site as well).


The real magic command is "cp -alf" which essentially merges a shorter 
term store with a longer term one, making new entries where the shorter 
store has a file that isn't in the longer term store, and overwriting it 
where the shorter term store has a file with the same name as the longer 
one.




--
Alan Chandler
http://www.chandlerfamily.org.uk


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Re: Backups - was Re: LVM

[Alan Chandler]

On 15/06/10 12:44, Alan Chandler wrote:


The real magic command is "cp -alf" which essentially merges a shorter
term store with a longer term one, making new entries where the shorter
store has a file that isn't in the longer term store, and overwriting it
where the shorter term store has a file with the same name as the longer
one.


I should have added, it does this virtually instantaneously because it 
is not moving anything, just dealing with hard links.


--
Alan Chandler
http://www.chandlerfamily.org.uk


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Re: PCI-E mini wireless card to use Debian as AP

[Aneurin Price]

On Tue, Jun 1, 2010 at 13:38, Aneurin Price  wrote:
>
> It looks like there are a range of Atheros devices, all cheaper than
> buying them from anywhere else I've looked. Unless anyone pipes up
> with a horror story, I'll try an AR9287 since it's cheap enough that I
> won't get too upset if it all goes pear shaped. I can't find any
> reports of problems with that device, though it has only recently
> become supported (should work with the kernel currently in
> testing/unstable/backports AFAICT). Of course, I couldn't find any
> *recent* reports of problems with the AR5008 you mention either, so
> perhaps I'm not looking hard enough.
>

>
> Next I need to figure out what antennas I need to get. I'll try to
> report back if it ends in success - or disaster.
>

Mixed results: the range is terrible, although I believe that is
entirely due to a poor choice of antennas.

With Linux 2.6.32 from lenny-backports the device seems to work fine
for creating an open network, but I can't seem to persuade it to use
any kind of security - hostapd always says 'deauthenticated due to
local deauth request'. I've tried a wide range of configuration
options to no avail. This isn't especially important to me though as I
don't really mind leaving the AP open - just thought I'd mention it
for the record.

Nye


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Re: how execute command on every mail received

[Tzafrir Cohen]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 05:33:47PM +0800, paragasu wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> I wonder if there is a simple SMTP deamon.
> This deamon will execute a specific command on every email received.
> 
> I have a PHP program that will parse the email and
> send SMS to specific mobile phone number thereafter.

Assuming you have postfix: See aliases(7).

Generally you can have the following line in /etc/postfix/aliases:

sms: |/path/to/command


Alternatively, in $HOME/.forward (of user 'sms?' put:

|/path/to/command


However you may want to only send some of those mails. In such a case,
you can use something like procmail to e.g. pipe only mails with a
specific subject (or some other specific header).


Note: I assumed you use postfix. Other decent MTAs have similar
concepts and capabilities.

-- 
Tzafrir Cohen | tzaf...@jabber.org | VIM is
http://tzafrir.org.il || a Mutt's
tzaf...@cohens.org.il ||  best
tzaf...@debian.org|| friend


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new install and 1 MB between partitions

[Mélaine Aubin Guifo]

Hello,

I made a new installation of my Debian system two days ago and noticed that
there is about 1 MB  unallocated between partitions.

I would like to know the reason of this change.

 

Thanks in advance

 

Mélaine Aubin Guifo

Re: how execute command on every mail received

[Patryk Cisek]

Right, I didn't read an email carefully. Sorry about that.

Try some MTA(e. g. Postfix)+procmail

That's what I used to text notifications about new mail to my
cellphone.

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 06:22:14PM +0800, paragasu wrote:
> On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 5:59 PM, Patryk Cisek  wrote:
> 
> > Try ssmtp.
> >
> > On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 05:43:57PM +0800, paragasu wrote:
> > > On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 5:40 PM, Erwan David  wrote:
> > >
> > > > On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 11:33:47AM CEST, paragasu 
> > > > said:
> > > > > Hi all,
> > > > >
> > > > > I wonder if there is a simple SMTP deamon.
> > > > > This deamon will execute a specific command on every email received.
> > > > >
> > > > > I have a PHP program that will parse the email and
> > > > > send SMS to specific mobile phone number thereafter.
> > > > >
> > > > > please advice.
> > > > >
> > > > > Thanks
> > > >
> > > > You may do this with a pipe transport in postfix.
> > > >
> > > > Note however that you must be extra careful for dealing with spams and
> > > > errors...
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > --
> > > > Erwan
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > --
> > > > To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org
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> > > > listmas...@lists.debian.org
> > > > Archive:
> > http://lists.debian.org/20100615094034.gc20...@trusted-logic.com
> > > >
> > > >
> > > Hi Erwan,
> > >
> > > Since i only listen to 1 specific email address.
> > > I guess i can do something like firewall etc.
> > >
> > > paragasu.
> >
> >
> > --
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> >
> >
> Hi Erwan,
> 
> AFAIK, ssmtp is for sending email.
> I don't think i can use that
> 
> paragasu


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Re: Configuring the Huawei E620 dongle to work using wvdial

[Dale]

On 15 June 2010 18:43, Ken Heard  wrote:
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
> Hash: SHA1
>
> I have a Lenovo Thinkpad R61 with Lenny and KDE installed.  I am in GB
> and would like to go on line using a Vodafone K3565 dongle, which is
> really a Huawei E620.
>
> To set up file wvdial.conf I ran command wvdialconf, with the following
> result created in that file:
>
> [Dialer Defaults]
> Init2 = ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
> Modem Type = Analog Modem
> Phone = *99***1#
> #ISDN = 0
> Username = web
> Init1 = ATZ
> Password = web
> Modem = /dev/ttyUSB0
> Baud = 9600
> Init3 = AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","pp.internet"
>
> (The Phone, Username and Password entries I entered myself on the advice
> of others who posted their results on the web.)
>
> I then ran command wvdial, which produced the following log:
>
> - --> WvDial: Internet dialer version 1.60
> - --> Cannot get information for serial port.
> - --> Initializing modem.
> - --> Sending: ATZ
> ATZ
> OK
> - --> Sending: ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
> ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
> OK
> - --> Sending: AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","pp.internet"
> AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","pp.internet"
> OK
> - --> Modem initialized.
> - --> Sending: ATDT*99***1#
> - --> Waiting for carrier.
> ATDT*99***1#
> CONNECT
> - --> Carrier detected.  Waiting for prompt.
> - --> Don't know what to do!  Starting pppd and hoping for the best.
> - --> Starting pppd at Mon Jun 14 12:32:40 2010
> - --> Pid of pppd: 5183
> - --> Using interface ppp0
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> pppd: ��[06][08]h�[06][08][18]�[06][08]
> - --> Disconnecting at Mon Jun 14 12:32:44 2010
> - --> The PPP daemon has died: A modem hung up the phone (exit code = 16)
> - --> man pppd explains pppd error codes in more detail.
> - --> Try again and look into /var/log/messages and the wvdial and pppd
> man pages for more information.
> - --> Auto Reconnect will be attempted in 5 seconds
> - --> Cannot get information for serial port.
> - --> Initializing modem.
>
> The second line, "Cannot get information for serial port" seems
> irrelevant, as wvdial proceeded to try to connect anyway.
>
> These two lines seem particularly distressing:
> - --> Carrier detected.  Waiting for prompt.
> - --> Don't know what to do!  Starting pppd and hoping for the best.
> Wvdial appears to be waiting for something but cannot get it.  It
> consequently disconnected the modem.  As indicated by the last three
> lines in the log quoted, wvdial tried repeatedly to connect, with the
> same result, until I killed the run with Control-C.
>
> I looked at /var/log/messages.  All it said that was relevant was:
>
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: pppd 2.4.4 started by root, uid 0
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: Using interface ppp0
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/ttyUSB0
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: Warning - secret file
> /etc/ppp/pap-secrets has world and/or group access
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: Warning - secret file
> /etc/ppp/chap-secrets has world and/or group access
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: CHAP authentication succeeded
> Jun 14 07:32:42 R61 pppd[5183]: CHAP authentication succeeded
> Jun 14 07:32:43 R61 pppd[5183]: Modem hangup
> Jun 14 07:32:43 R61 pppd[5183]: Connection terminated.
> Jun 14 07:32:43 R61 pppd[5183]: Exit.
>
> I could not find anything in the man files mentioned in the log which
> would appear helpful to me.
>
> I am trying to find somebody in Vodafone who might know the answer.
> (Vodafone seems to be the only dongle provider in GB which -- rather
> than ridiculing Linux -- is actually trying to be helpful.  In fact they
> have created three .deb packages, vodaphone-mobile-connect,
> usb-modeswitch and ozerocdoff, available from www.betavine.net, which
> Vodafone claims work on Ubuntu, but certainly not on Debian Lenny -- or
> at least on my installation of Debian Lenny.  I have so reported to
> Vodafone.
>
> Can anybody provide me with suggestions of what I should now try so that
> I can use this dongle?
>
> Regards, Ken Heard
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-
> Version: GnuPG v2.0.9 (GNU/Linux)
> Comment: Using GnuPG with Mozilla - http://enigmail.mozdev.org
>
> iEYEARECAAYFAkwXREQACgkQlNlJzOkJmTeu6QCfRY7CPJl0iulEvdQIbBsQzauv
> 4iUAniE3Oh2eHsVMyBcX7DeML8jYYx8r
> =o5Ba
> -END PGP SIGNATURE-
>

Hi Ken,

I would recommend using straight pppd

example:
'pon '
'poff '

# cat /etc/ppp/peers/provider
hide-password
/dev/ttyUSB0
460800
crtscts
#modem
noauth
defaultroute
noipdefault
noccp
nobsdcomp
novj
user ""
connect "/usr/sbin/chat -f /etc/ppp/peers/chat-e1762"
idle 300
persist
demand
logfd 6
debug
ipcp-accept-local
ipcp-accept-remote
novjccomp
nomagic


# cat /etc/ppp/peer

Re: new install and 1 MB between partitions

[Camaleón]

On Tue, 15 Jun 2010 14:22:24 +0200, Mélaine Aubin Guifo wrote:

> I made a new installation of my Debian system two days ago and noticed
> that there is about 1 MB  unallocated between partitions.

How is that? Are you on lenny, squeeze...? 

As root, type "fdisk -l" and put here the output.
 
> I would like to know the reason of this change.

How did you partitioned the disk, with Debian installer?

Greetings,

-- 
Camaleón


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Re: LVM

[David Baron]

LVM is a dandy tool, especially after having juggled partitions trying to 
shoehorn stuff on my not-so-large HDs. Unfortunately, it is a layer between 
the usual data tools and the data.

What is needed is a LVM data/directory mapping tool that can be niced away and 
croned. Some way of extracting data "raw" from LVM volumes could be devised 
based on this map, I think.

Backups? Should be done. Unfortunately, not always possible without contiguous 
space for intermediate storage for the backup medium, i.e. 4gig for a DVD. 
Offsite backups are crippled by upload speed limitations of internet 
providers. One must simply spring for that multi-terra USB or NAT and hope the 
job ever finishes.


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Re: Backups - was Re: LVM

[Tom Furie]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 01:02:47PM +0100, Alan Chandler wrote:
> On 15/06/10 12:44, Alan Chandler wrote:
>
>> The real magic command is "cp -alf" which essentially merges a shorter
>> term store with a longer term one, making new entries where the shorter
>> store has a file that isn't in the longer term store, and overwriting it
>> where the shorter term store has a file with the same name as the longer
>> one.
>
> I should have added, it does this virtually instantaneously because it  
> is not moving anything, just dealing with hard links.

Links are no way to handle back-ups. If the data goes bad, that just
means there's multiple places you can't get at it from.

Cheers,
Tom

-- 
What we cannot speak about we must pass over in silence.
-- Wittgenstein


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Description: Digital signature

Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Camaleón]

On Tue, 15 Jun 2010 11:32:15 +0100, Lisi wrote:

> On Tuesday 15 June 2010 01:25:56 Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
>> There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
>> enough to hold the data.
> 
> Would you feel inclined to elaborate?  I'm trying to solve this problem
> for my granddaughter's large HDD, and am not keen to have to buy a 300GB
> external drive.  Tar would still require a fairly large medium. :-(

I would differentiate between "backup" data and "archived" data.

By "backup" I see a copy of the current files in the system and as per 
"archived" data I understand it as several snapshots of the data taken in 
different days and so holding different data.

Backup usually takes less space than archival, but sometimes archival is 
necessary (a "must have" in a company).

The most common procedure for a user's POV in order to get a data backup 
is by using a "differential" backup with some kind of compression. The 
first copy of the data will take all the files the user has selected to 
be backed up but the rest of the times the copy is only 
"differential" (only new or modified files are selected to be copied).

This way (by using a differential backup strategy) you need less space in 
the medium (the first copy is big, but the rest of the differential 
copies are of small size and so the copy procedure is very quick).

There are also those called "incremental" backups, but I find it a bit 
more complex to manage that "differential" ones, as per data restoration: 
with a differential backup yo only need the first big file and the last 
differential copy, but in order to restore from an incremental backup you 
need the first big file plus "all" the incremental ones).

As per the programs to make backups... I still use "tar" (:-P) but 
"rsync" is said to be one of the most mentioned/preferred for this task.

Greetings,

-- 
Camaleón


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Building minimal custom CD [debian etch]

[Ravi Roy]

Hello List,

I am new to Linux, have some basic undderstanding to Debian Linux..
scripting etc. What I want to achieve is :

1.Build a customized minimal Debian bootable.
2.Customize package add some additional packages.

Boot a already installed debian system and reszie root partion to bigger
size (without user interaction and reboot the machine).

Could somebody give me pointers in the right direction where can I have look
and achieve the same ?

Thanks!

Regards,
-RR

Re: connecting to wifi accesspoint..

[ಸುಧೀಂದ್ರ ಕೃಷ್ಣಮೂರ್ತ ಿ]

>
> eth0 is my wired ethernet card.
>
> wireless extension at eth1, and for that i am not able to get connected to
> wifi accesspoint.
>
> BCM 4312 driver is installed and i can see wireless extension for eth1.
> while connecting it  to accesspoint gives set encode 8B2A error.
>
> but my wired ethernet at eth0 is working properly.
>
>
> 2010/6/14 xuyuanwei 
>
> 在 2010-06-13日的 12:03 +0530，sudheendra.kal...@gmail.com写道：
>> > e and i am not able to connect to wifi accesspoint. I have lenovo
>> > laptop with BCM 4312 wireless card. I have installed BCM driver and I
>> > can see wireless extnsions for eth1 on iwconfig command.
>> >
>> > But while connecting to wifi, gives an error showing "Error for
>> > wireless request "Set Encode" (8B2A) :  SET failed on device eth1 ;
>> > Invalid argument"
>>
>> I think it should be the argument "Encode" not supported by the driver.
>> But in "man iwconfig",there is no "Encode" option,what does it do? If
>> it's private parameter,you can try "iwpriv" command.
>>
>> iwpriv - configure optionals (private) parameters of a wireless network
>> interface
>>
>>
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>>
>>
>

Re: Building minimal custom CD [debian etch]

[Tzafrir Cohen]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 07:46:43PM +0530, Ravi Roy wrote:
> Hello List,
> 
> I am new to Linux, have some basic undderstanding to Debian Linux..
> scripting etc. What I want to achieve is :
> 
> 1.Build a customized minimal Debian bootable.
> 2.Customize package add some additional packages.

Live media (runs from RAM)? If so, look into Debian Live:
http://debian-live.alioth.debian.org/ . However it's not supported with
Etch, IIRC.

Customized instalaltion? Look into preseeding.

> 
> Boot a already installed debian system and reszie root partion to bigger
> size (without user interaction and reboot the machine).

Boot with any system contanting parted or whatever. Many "rescue" CDs
have e.g. gparted.

Why Etch?

-- 
Tzafrir Cohen | tzaf...@jabber.org | VIM is
http://tzafrir.org.il || a Mutt's
tzaf...@cohens.org.il ||  best
tzaf...@debian.org|| friend


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Re: deb_checkmd5sum?

[Miles Fidelman]

For educational purposes only:

That's just a silly suggestion, beyond the obvious of searching for 
files named deb_checkmd5sum, of which there are none - doing a full text 
search on a terabyte of files is just too resource intensive.


In any case, it turns out to be a procedure call inside Tiger - a 
somewhat aging security audit package.  Turns out that Tiger runs an 
hourly cron job that, in turn, calls its own routine that parcels out 
tasks across different hours in the day.  Buried way deep in nested 
config files (cron -> run.hourly -> tigercron) is a job that runs at 1am 
that invokes a Tiger sub-package called "check_system" - which in turns 
runs a procedure called "checkmd5sum" - which shows up in a process 
listing as deb_checkmd5sum (which, I think, comes from a library).  
We'll see if turning off that job stops the nightly crashes.


I really can't believe there aren't better crash logging facilities for 
Debian.


Huang, Tao wrote:

Why not search for the process name in your hard drive?

Tao
--
Link: http://www.google.com/profiles/UniIsland



On Mon, Jun 14, 2010 at 7:52 PM, Miles Fidelman
  wrote:
   

Anybody recognize this process name?

I'm seeing a nightly crash, and this seems to be running at the time (I've
been leaving top running in a window - deb_checkmd5sum seems to be at the
top of the list each time the machine crashes).

I expect it's part of a nightly cron job, but I'm (not yet) sure which one.

Thanks for any pointers.

Miles Fidelman

--
In theory, there is no difference between theory and practice.
Inpractice, there is.    Yogi Berra



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--
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In  practice, there is.    Yogi Berra



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Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Lisi]

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 14:40:44 Camaleón wrote:
> On Tue, 15 Jun 2010 11:32:15 +0100, Lisi wrote:
> > On Tuesday 15 June 2010 01:25:56 Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
> >> There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
> >> enough to hold the data.
> >
> > Would you feel inclined to elaborate?  I'm trying to solve this problem
> > for my granddaughter's large HDD, and am not keen to have to buy a 300GB
> > external drive.  Tar would still require a fairly large medium. :-(
>
> I would differentiate between "backup" data and "archived" data.
>
> By "backup" I see a copy of the current files in the system and as per
> "archived" data I understand it as several snapshots of the data taken in
> different days and so holding different data.
>
> Backup usually takes less space than archival, but sometimes archival is
> necessary (a "must have" in a company).
>
> The most common procedure for a user's POV in order to get a data backup
> is by using a "differential" backup with some kind of compression. The
> first copy of the data will take all the files the user has selected to
> be backed up but the rest of the times the copy is only
> "differential" (only new or modified files are selected to be copied).
>
> This way (by using a differential backup strategy) you need less space in
> the medium (the first copy is big, but the rest of the differential
> copies are of small size and so the copy procedure is very quick).
>
> There are also those called "incremental" backups, but I find it a bit
> more complex to manage that "differential" ones, as per data restoration:
> with a differential backup yo only need the first big file and the last
> differential copy, but in order to restore from an incremental backup you
> need the first big file plus "all" the incremental ones).
>
> As per the programs to make backups... I still use "tar" (:-P) but
> "rsync" is said to be one of the most mentioned/preferred for this task.

Thanks for this.  I was originally responding to Andrew's saying:

There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
enough to hold the data.


I can think of very few - and was interested in what he was thinking of.  
Incremental/differential backups are not really practical, since she will be 
at school.  A periodic dd (or Clonezilla?) of the whole drive and more 
frequent updates of her personal data (of which I understand that there is 
not much) would be the optimum, but a trifle pricey, so I am still looking at 
alternative possibilities.

Lisi


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Re: RAID5 on S5000PSL ServerBoard

[cool name]

Mike Bird-2 wrote:
> 
> Do you really want to use hardware RAID?  Note that if your hardware RAID
> controller dies, you're going to need a compatible replacement or you'll
> lose all of your data. 
> 
> 


utter bullshit. Is it true that not EVERY replacement-controller will do the
job but most out there will, RAID is standardized, you know  only if you
use proprietary RAID-version you'll be fucked up, anything else will be most
likely fine.

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Re: debian architecture history question

[Paul E Condon]

On 20100615_043423, Stan Hoeppner wrote:
> Aaron Toponce put forth on 6/14/2010 10:02 AM:
> > On 6/12/2010 8:11 PM, Anand Sivaram wrote:
> >> On Fri, Jun 11, 2010 at 22:39, Aaron Toponce  >> > wrote:
> >> Other than the kernel, which is compiled for 686 instruction sets, and
> >> maybe a few core packages that would benefit from targeting the 686
> >> architecture, Debian compiles the rest of the packages against 386.
> >> There is no 386 kernel available.  Kernel starts from 486 only.
> > 
> > I never mentioned there was a 386 kernel.
> 
> Disclaimer:  my comments below intentionally exclude x86-64 capable CPUs
> 
> 
> There are different kernels for different models of the Intel x86 processor
> family and compatibles, but make no mistake, they all use the same instruction
> set introduced in the 80386.  There is no i686 instruction set, nor an i586 or
> i486 instruction set.  As a matter of fact, the latter of these aren't even
> models of Intel CPUs.  What kernel programmers call i586 and i686 are actually
> classes or sets of features of Intel and compatible competitor CPUs from
> Cyrix, IBM, TI, and AMD.  The original Intel 60/66 MHz Pentium model number is
> actually 80501.  All Pentiums up to the MMX models were numbered 80502.  The
> i686 kernel label describes the Pentium Pro, whose model number is 80521, and
> all other later 32 bit x86 CPUs to follow it.
> 
> The differences in the kernels designed for (notice I did not say _compiled_
> for) each of these CPU generations/models has nothing to do with different
> instruction sets (remember they all use the same ISA), but with specific
> features found in these various CPUs and/or features of the platform classes.
>  For example, to use PCI devices and to map them into memory properly requires
> support in the kernel, as does mapping PCI IRQs.  80386/80486 systems don't
> have PCI buses but only ISA (and very rarely VESA) buses and thus don't
> require the kernel code to support PCI.  Likewise, the 80[34]86 and the 80501
> don't offer 36 bits of addressing nor PAE.  The 80521 Pentium Pro and later
> CPUs do.  PAE support requires kernel code to enable and use up to 64GB of
> physical memory.
> 
> The main difference between the 80521 Pentium Pro and earlier CPUs, other than
> the software transparent decoupled CISC/RISC core, is in cache and memory
> management.  The 80521 introduced the now ubiquitous dedicated L2 cache bus,
> called a "backside bus" and an L2 cache fully controlled by the CPU core MMU.
>  All previous CPUs dating back to the 80486 had their L2 caches sitting on the
> main system bus which created a bottleneck.  Moving the L2 cache to a
> dedicated bus required a more sophisticated on chip MMU.  This also requires
> kernel support, and AFAIK is the main difference between "i686" kernels and
> the "i486 i586" kernels.  The other significant difference is the 36 bit
> physical address bus of the PPro and Physical Address Extensions, or PAE.
> When using one of the i686-bigmem kernels, PAE is enabled and the kernel can
> directly access up to 64GB of installed RAM.
> 
> Again, the differences in the various 32bit kernels have nothing to do with
> the instruction sets being different.  They are identical.  The differences in
> the kernels are due to underlying features of the processor models and
> features of their respective platforms, _not the instruction sets_.
> 
> -- 
> Stan

Help me understand this issue better. There are kernel versions in
Debian that are labeled i686 and i386. If they use the 'same
instruction set', then they must differ in some other way than the
'instruction set'. Correct? In what way do they differ? I suppose it
is in the way those instructions are arranged, or what?

I don't have computers of the several different Intel chip versions, so
I can't experiment, but I suppose that an i686 kernel would not work well
on a chip that has the older arrangement of L2 cache. I would also suppose
that an i386 kernel would work on a chip that does have the newer L2 cache,
but would not actually use the new features and would therefore be slower
in execution. Yes/no ? 

My original issue was trying to establish a rational basis for selecting
software packages to download. Of course, originally I was mistaken as to
the extent of this problem. I had thought that almost all packages were 
offered in different i[36]86 versions. I soon learned that it was only
kernel packages that are at issue. But for these packages, if the instruction
set for the two classes of chip are the same, what is it that is different 
from the point of view of the kernel software requirements?

I think I have repeated the same question several times with different
wording. If none of these wordings fit the underlying reality, please
suggest a better question.

-- 
Paul E Condon   
pecon...@mesanetworks.net


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Re: debian architecture history question

[Ron Johnson]

On 06/15/2010 04:34 AM, Stan Hoeppner wrote:
[snip]


Disclaimer:  my comments below intentionally exclude x86-64 capable CPUs


There are different kernels for different models of the Intel x86 processor
family and compatibles, but make no mistake, they all use the same instruction
set introduced in the 80386.  There is no i686 instruction set, nor an i586 or
i486 instruction set.


This is just *wrong*.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86_instruction_listings#Added_with_80486

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86_instruction_listings#Added_with_Pentium_Pro

You may think that's not a lot, but it is to a compiler writer, and 
it demonstrates that Stan's wrong.



  As a matter of fact, the latter of these aren't even
models of Intel CPUs.


You're right, just as I'm not "The Johnsons".  That's a *family* 
designation.



   What kernel programmers call i586 and i686 are actually
classes or sets of features of Intel and compatible competitor CPUs from
Cyrix, IBM, TI, and AMD.  The original Intel 60/66 MHz Pentium model number is
actually 80501.  All Pentiums up to the MMX models were numbered 80502.  The
i686 kernel label describes the Pentium Pro, whose model number is 80521, and
all other later 32 bit x86 CPUs to follow it.


Manufacturing codes?  So what?

[big snip of partly correct, partly nonsense]

--
"There is usually only a limited amount of damage that can be
done by dull or stupid people. For creating a truly monumental
disaster, you need people with high IQs."
Thomas Sowell


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Re: deb_checkmd5sum?

[Jon Dowland]

On 15/06/2010 15:49, Miles Fidelman wrote:
> For educational purposes only:
>
> That's just a silly suggestion, beyond the obvious of searching for
> files named deb_checkmd5sum, of which there are none - doing a full
> text search on a terabyte of files is just too resource intensive.
I don't think it is silly. The volume of files in storage terms is not
relevant; the number of files/directories (the complexity of the
filesystem) is the issue which will impact how long the job takes to
run. You can de-prioritise it below important tasks if you are concerned
about impact.

Before attempting this, though, you can search for files inside packages
via http://packages.debian.org/. That is enough to prove that there are
no official packages containing a filename ending in deb_checkmd5sum.

> In any case, it turns out to be a procedure call inside Tiger - a
> somewhat aging security audit package.  Turns out that Tiger runs an
> hourly cron job that, in turn, calls its own routine that parcels out
> tasks across different hours in the day.  Buried way deep in nested
> config files (cron -> run.hourly -> tigercron) is a job that runs at
> 1am that invokes a Tiger sub-package called "check_system" - which in
> turns runs a procedure called "checkmd5sum" - which shows up in a
> process listing as deb_checkmd5sum (which, I think, comes from a
> library).  We'll see if turning off that job stops the nightly crashes.
Interesting. I'd never heard of "tiger", but I see that it is packaged:
http://packages.qa.debian.org/t/tiger.html

> I really can't believe there aren't better crash logging facilities
> for Debian.
No need to disbelieve, there undoubtably are - we haven't even
established what you mean by "crash" on debian-user yet.


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Re: Building minimal custom CD [debian etch]

[Ravi Roy]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 8:56 PM, Ravi Roy  wrote:

>
>
>  On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 8:18 PM, Tzafrir Cohen wrote:
>
>> On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 07:46:43PM +0530, Ravi Roy wrote:
>> > Hello List,
>> >
>> > I am new to Linux, have some basic undderstanding to Debian Linux..
>> > scripting etc. What I want to achieve is :
>> >
>> > 1.Build a customized minimal Debian bootable.
>> > 2.Customize package add some additional packages.
>>
>> Live media (runs from RAM)? If so, look into Debian Live:
>> http://debian-live.alioth.debian.org/ . However it's not supported with
>> Etch, IIRC.
>>
>>
> Thanks Tzafrir for quick reply,
>
>
>> Customized instalaltion? Look into preseeding.
>>
>
> I am not sure, I only need to resize the root partition with in an
> automated way.
> That is all I need.
>
>>
>> >
>> > Boot a already installed debian system and reszie root partion to bigger
>> > size (without user interaction and reboot the machine).
>>
>> Boot with any system contanting parted or whatever. Many "rescue" CDs
>> have e.g. gparted.
>>
>> Why Etch?
>>
>
> Not Etch specifically, if any "Rescue CD" can do this.
>
> Thanks.
>
>>
>> --
>>
>> Tzafrir Cohen | tzaf...@jabber.org | VIM is
>> http://tzafrir.org.il || a Mutt's
>> tzaf...@cohens.org.il ||  best
>> tzaf...@debian.org|| friend
>>
>>
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>> Archive:
>> http://lists.debian.org/20100615144817.gq16...@pear.tzafrir.org.il
>>
>>
>

Re: Debian Community Poll

[Hugo Vanwoerkom]

Ron Johnson wrote:

A section from today's issue of the Debian Project News:

Debian Community Poll
-

After getting the idea during the recent Mini Debian Conference [8] in
Berlin, Torsten Werner prepared [9] a poll for users of the Debian
Operating System [10] asking different types of questions like the usage
of derivatives, about the Debian Free Software Guidelines [11] and
firmwares and of course releases.

   8 : http://wiki.debconf.org/wiki/Miniconf-LT-Berlin/2010
   9 : http://twerner.blogspot.com/2010/06/debian-community-poll.html
   10 : http://tinyurl.com/3y33ska
   11 : http://www.debian.org/social_contract#guidelines

The Poll is available at http://tinyurl.com/3y33ska [12]. Torsten asks to
spread the link to as many users as possible.

   12 : http://tinyurl.com/3y33ska




Thanks for the note. Done.

Hugo


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Re: debian architecture history question

[Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.]

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 04:34:23 Stan Hoeppner wrote:
> Again, the differences in the various 32bit kernels have nothing to do with
> the instruction sets being different.  They are identical.

Incorrect.

The i486 lines of chip (486 architecture in gcc) supports CMPXCHG and 5 other 
instructions which result in illegal instruction exceptions on a 80386.  
CMPXCHG is used for fast locking in modern kernel + glibc/eglibc.  That's why 
there is no -386 kernel image available.

The Pentium lines (586 architecture in gcc) support another 6 additional 
instructions, and one of those was actually included in i486 processors that 
were designed after the Pentium line: CPUID.  Again, on 80386 and most i486 
processors, these will cause an illegal instruction exception.  System 
mangement mode was introduced here as well.

The Pentium Pro line (686 architecture in gcc) gave us conditional move 
instructions.  Attempted execution of these instructions on 386, 486, or 586 
processors will, again, cause an illegal instruction exception.

Details: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86_instruction_listings

In addition to the upgrades to the instruction set, the micro-architecture 
changed a number of times between the original 80386 and the most recent IA-32 
only chips from Intel.  Of course, other manufacturers of IA-32 chips had 
different micro-architectures.

GCC has two separate options that reflect these parallel changes:
-march= will generate code that uses instructions supported by $cpu-
type, but not necessarily by the original 80386.
-mtune= will generate code that runs "best" on the micro-
architecture of $cpu-type, but still uses only instuctions that are shared 
across the whole IA-32 family.

Those two options can of course be combined to produce (e.g.) a kernel that 
runs on anything Pentium or better, but runs best on the Nocona micro-
architecture.
-- 
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Re: debian architecture history question

[Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.]

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 10:21:06 Paul E Condon wrote:
> But for these packages, if the
> instruction set for the two classes of chip are the same, what is it that
> is different from the point of view of the kernel software requirements?

The micro-architecture.  Basically, how the instruction set is implemented in 
transistor layouts inside the IC.  Instruction ordering is part of it.

(Also, the instruction set used by -686 packages is actually larger than the 
instruction set used by -484 packages.)
-- 
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Re: LVM

[Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.]

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 04:52:10 Stan Hoeppner wrote:
> Boyd Stephen Smith Jr. put forth on 6/14/2010 10:45 AM:
> > On Monday 14 June 2010 03:11:56 Gerald C.Catling wrote:
> >> Hi Guy's,
> >> I am not a Debian user but I have seen references to LVM here.
> >> I have 3 drives LVM'd to give me 1.3TB of storage space on my server.
> >> The first drive of this set has died.
> > 
> > Mostly, when one of your physical volumes is irrecoverably lost, so is
> > any logical volume whose logical extents corresponded to one of the lost
> > physical extents.
> 
> This is why one should only use LVM on top of real hardware or software
> RAID or a big SAN LUN.  

You should use LVM on top of whatever you have.  It's vastly superior to 
partitioning as a way to divide a disk.  Even if you do not need to divide a 
disk, the adds snapshotting and an on-line migration path above just using the 
disk.

That said, any data you care about should have some form of single-disk 
redundancy (at least) AND a backup plan.

> Using LVM for what most in the IT world have
> typically called "disk spanning", which has been around for over 2
> decades, is a recipe for trouble in the absence of a good backup/recovery
> procedure, as the OP has unfortunately discovered.

My introduction to LVM was partially on Linux, where the disk spanning 
capabilities are the most talked about feature, but also some from the HP-UX 
side, where we used LVM for handling the mirroring of drives, instead of a 
separate RAID sub-system or card.

I think the Linux LVM documentation is fairly clear that a VG will not 
normally activate unless all its member PVs are available.

> mirroring them with mdadm.

I also recommend using mdadm to manage your RAID.  I've had it handle 0, 1, 
and 5 quite well.  It also supports RAID 6 and some exotic variants on RAID 
1/0.
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Re: how to start and run a command during boot

[Hugo Vanwoerkom]

Liam O'Toole wrote:

On 2010-06-14, Long Wind  wrote:

I have etch and a ppp connection
I want to make ppp connection every time Debian boot
That is, run "pon" during boot
What is the proper way to do that?
Thanks!


The quick way is to put the command in /etc/rc.local. The better way is
to configure /etc/network/interfaces for ppp. See the 'interfaces' man
page for the details.



I wouldn't mess with rc.local in this particular case.
'man interfaces' is correct but hard on the eyes, so to say.
Googling 'interfaces linux' I found
http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/setting-up-an-network-interfaces-file/
that is a little easier to read.

Hugo


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Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Ron Johnson]

On 06/15/2010 05:32 AM, Lisi wrote:

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 01:25:56 Andrew Sackville-West wrote:

There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
enough to hold the data.


Would you feel inclined to elaborate?  I'm trying to solve this problem for my
granddaughter's large HDD, and am not keen to have to buy a 300GB external
drive.  Tar would still require a fairly large medium. :-(



Certainly not a name-brand pre-built model!

However, empty external enclosures can be had for less than $20 at 
all the regular mail order places.  Just slip a "big" drive in there 
and bob's your uncle!


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done by dull or stupid people. For creating a truly monumental
disaster, you need people with high IQs."
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Re: deb_checkmd5sum?

[Huang, Tao]

Since "deb_checkmd5sum" is a running process.
there's better way to locate it on your hard drive.
look into /proc/$PID/exe, which is a link to the full path of the
respective process.

in your case, deb_checkmd5sum caused the system to crash.
so it's possible that you don't have enough time to do this by hand.
write a script that runs just before the cron job to reveal the real
command invoked.

what's more, the file is also very likely to be located with a simple

$ mlocate/locate deb_checkmd5sum

and as mentioned by Jon, a de-prioritized

$ find / -name deb_checkmd5sum

doesn't take up much resource, either.
it dosn't hurt to use mlocate and find in the first place.


Regards,
Tao
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On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 10:49 PM, Miles Fidelman
 wrote:
> For educational purposes only:
>
> That's just a silly suggestion, beyond the obvious of searching for files
> named deb_checkmd5sum, of which there are none - doing a full text search on
> a terabyte of files is just too resource intensive.
>
> In any case, it turns out to be a procedure call inside Tiger - a somewhat
> aging security audit package.  Turns out that Tiger runs an hourly cron job
> that, in turn, calls its own routine that parcels out tasks across different
> hours in the day.  Buried way deep in nested config files (cron ->
> run.hourly -> tigercron) is a job that runs at 1am that invokes a Tiger
> sub-package called "check_system" - which in turns runs a procedure called
> "checkmd5sum" - which shows up in a process listing as deb_checkmd5sum
> (which, I think, comes from a library).  We'll see if turning off that job
> stops the nightly crashes.
>
> I really can't believe there aren't better crash logging facilities for
> Debian.
>
> Huang, Tao wrote:
>>
>> Why not search for the process name in your hard drive?
>>
>> Tao
>> --
>> Link: http://www.google.com/profiles/UniIsland
>>
>>
>>
>> On Mon, Jun 14, 2010 at 7:52 PM, Miles Fidelman
>>   wrote:
>>
>>>
>>> Anybody recognize this process name?
>>>
>>> I'm seeing a nightly crash, and this seems to be running at the time
>>> (I've
>>> been leaving top running in a window - deb_checkmd5sum seems to be at the
>>> top of the list each time the machine crashes).
>>>
>>> I expect it's part of a nightly cron job, but I'm (not yet) sure which
>>> one.
>>>
>>> Thanks for any pointers.
>>>
>>> Miles Fidelman
>>>
>>> --
>>> In theory, there is no difference between theory and practice.
>>> In    practice, there is.    Yogi Berra
>>>
>>>
>>>
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>
>
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>
>
>
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Re: LVM

[Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.]

On Monday 14 June 2010 17:27:32 Gerald C.Catling wrote:
> At what point and how do I insert -P in the lvm system?

8 replies in the thread, and only one tells you even one place to look?

Little bit of topic-drift here on debian-user, I guess.

The following commands support operating in --partial mode:
pvscan
pvs
vgscan
vgs
vgdisplay
vgchange
vgcfgbackup
lvscan
lvs
lvdisplay
lvchange

I ran this command to get that information:
for lvmc in /sbin/lv* /sbin/pv* /sbin/vg*; do
if $lvmc --help | grep -qe '--partial'; then
echo $lvmc
fi
done 2>/dev/null
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Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Ron Johnson]

On 06/15/2010 09:48 AM, Lisi wrote:


Thanks for this.  I was originally responding to Andrew's saying:

There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
enough to hold the data.


I can think of very few - and was interested in what he was thinking of.
Incremental/differential backups are not really practical, since she will be
at school.  A periodic dd (or Clonezilla?) of the whole drive and more
frequent updates of her personal data (of which I understand that there is
not much) would be the optimum, but a trifle pricey, so I am still looking at
alternative possibilities.



I wrote a script that only backs up our data directories (including 
much of /home) into a bunch of tarballs, excluding "junk" folders 
like caches, thumbnails, trash, etc, and compressing most but not 
stuff like image and OOo document directories.


Each backup goes in a separate, dated directory.

For huge binary directories (like uncompressible video and audio), I 
simply do a "cp -vau" from the "live" tree  to the backup tree.


The bottom line, though, is that *yes*, you *do* need enough disk 
space for the backup data.


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Re: Ntpdate Errors (previously posted, +)

[David Baron]

On Saturday 12 June 2010 23:02:11 David Baron wrote:
> > > I have no cron running ntpdate that I know of and there is no ntpdate
> > > entry in  anacrontab. I run it in an rc.local type script on bootup.
> > > Period. This run works.
> > > 
> > > The only thing I can think of is an obsolete webmin entry but I have
> > > not run  webmin for ages. This simply made cron scripts for me as far
> > > as I know and I have no ntpdate crons that I can find. Where else
> > > might I look?
> > 
> > /var/spool/cron/ is the first place I would look for cron enttries. They
> > should be plain text files, so they're easy to grep through. Then I'd
> > look for scripts in /etc/cron.*/ as already mentioned.
> 
> Yes, I have it in (correction)
> /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root
> 
> Where is the original?

I still have been unable to find it. Removing the file on /var would 
accomplish nothing. Next bootup will have it back.


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Re: LVM

[martin f krafft]

also sprach Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.  [2010.06.15.1744 
+0200]:
> > mirroring them with mdadm.
> 
> I also recommend using mdadm to manage your RAID.  I've had it handle 0, 1, 

0 is not a RAID level. Don't do it. Use LVM for that.

http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-mdadm/mdadm.git;a=blob;f=debian/FAQ;hb=HEAD#l272

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Re: git rebase question

[Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.]

Hrm, this isn't actually on-topic for Debian-user.  You might have better luck 
with the Git user's mailing list.

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 05:50:45 Anand Sivaram wrote:
> I am trying to understand the different aspects of git rebase, especially
> the "--onto" option.  So I was going through "git help rebase".
> That made me consider a few other scenarios. 

Git's rebase in a nutshell:

Switch to the  argument.
Determine where the current branch splits from ; call that MB.
Convert MB..HEAD into a quilt / series of patches; call that Q.
Reset  to , or  if --onto was not specified.
Replay Q, allowing the user to manually fix up issues or abort the whole 
process.

> 1. The first example is "git rebase master" or "git rebase master topic"
> But if we want to use "--onto" option, this would become
> git rebase --onto master E topic
> or
> git checkout topic
> git rebase --onto master E
> Where E is ether the commit hash of E, HEAD~3, master~3 or any other
> tag/branch
> attribute of E in case there are any.
> Is it correct?

The "" argument to Git's rebase can be anything that Git can resolve 
to a commit object.  That's true.

(git rebase --onto master master topic) does exactly the same thing as (git 
rebase master topic).

In this case, since E is the "branch point" / "merge base" for topic and 
master, (git rebase --onto master E topic) does the same thing as (git rebase 
master topic); as does (git rebase --onto master F topic) and (git rebase --
onto master G topic).

> 2. In the same example, when we do
> git rebase --onto F E topic
> Does the output become the following?
>   A'--B'--C' topic
>  /
> D---E---F---G master

Yes.

> 3. In the same example, suppose we do
> git rebase --onto master B topic
> The output will become
> 
>  C' topic
> /
> D---E---F---G master

Yes.

Commits A and B will still exist; they might be dangling objects, but they 
won't be immediately deleted.

> Is it like cherry picking just C
> git cherry-pick C

Yes.

> Could anyone verify these answers?

How would you like me to do that?
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Re: deb_checkmd5sum?

[Miles Fidelman]

Jon Dowland wrote:

On 15/06/2010 15:49, Miles Fidelman wrote:
   

For educational purposes only:

That's just a silly suggestion, beyond the obvious of searching for
files named deb_checkmd5sum, of which there are none - doing a full
text search on a terabyte of files is just too resource intensive.
 

I don't think it is silly. The volume of files in storage terms is not
relevant; the number of files/directories (the complexity of the
filesystem) is the issue which will impact how long the job takes to
run. You can de-prioritise it below important tasks if you are concerned
about impact.
   
lets just say, that it's a moderately loaded virtual machine, running on 
top of a RAIDed, LVM, DRBD disk stack - a task that sucks up huge 
amounts of disk i/o is to be avoided.

Before attempting this, though, you can search for files inside packages
via http://packages.debian.org/. That is enough to prove that there are
no official packages containing a filename ending in deb_checkmd5sum.

   

done, as well as dpkg -L - both of which come up with no results

for that matter, googling both deb_checkmd5sum and checkmd5sum - returns 
very slim pickings - a pretty sure sign that this is a specialized 
process buried in a specialized program or library


as indicated below, the only way I found it was by digging deep into 
config files and code

In any case, it turns out to be a procedure call inside Tiger - a
somewhat aging security audit package.  Turns out that Tiger runs an
hourly cron job that, in turn, calls its own routine that parcels out
tasks across different hours in the day.  Buried way deep in nested
config files (cron ->  run.hourly ->  tigercron) is a job that runs at
1am that invokes a Tiger sub-package called "check_system" - which in
turns runs a procedure called "checkmd5sum" - which shows up in a
process listing as deb_checkmd5sum (which, I think, comes from a
library).  We'll see if turning off that job stops the nightly crashes.
 

Interesting. I'd never heard of "tiger", but I see that it is packaged:
http://packages.qa.debian.org/t/tiger.html
   

and ancient

I really can't believe there aren't better crash logging facilities
for Debian.
 

No need to disbelieve, there undoubtably are - we haven't even
established what you mean by "crash" on debian-user yet.
   

crash = one minute the machine is running, the next it's rebooting itself

it's a simple question, that I've asked several ways with no answer:
- what's the Linux equivalent to BSD/Solaris savecore? (automatically 
save a core image between kernel panic and reboot)

- is there something more modern than lkcd or kexec/kdump?
- is kexec/kdump configured in the standard Lenny kernel (and 
particularly the xen varient of the kernel)
--- if not, is there a good tool for capturing pre-crash system state 
that doesn't involve building a custom kernel?


luckily, despite not getting any answer, it looks like simply running 
"top" in a window, and seeing what was running when the machine died led 
me to deb_checkmd5sum


Miles Fidelman



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Re: deb_checkmd5sum?

[Miles Fidelman]

Huang, Tao wrote:

Since "deb_checkmd5sum" is a running process.
there's better way to locate it on your hard drive.
look into /proc/$PID/exe, which is a link to the full path of the
respective process.

in your case, deb_checkmd5sum caused the system to crash.
so it's possible that you don't have enough time to do this by hand.
write a script that runs just before the cron job to reveal the real
command invoked.

what's more, the file is also very likely to be located with a simple

$ mlocate/locate deb_checkmd5sum
   

which assumes that I'm running locate, which I'm not.

and as mentioned by Jon, a de-prioritized

$ find / -name deb_checkmd5sum

   
which, as noted in my previous message would have yielded absolutely 
nothing - it turns out to be a procedure name within another piece of code



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Re: RAID5 on S5000PSL ServerBoard

[Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.]

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 09:47:11 cool name wrote:
> Mike Bird-2 wrote:
> > Do you really want to use hardware RAID?  Note that if your hardware RAID
> > controller dies, you're going to need a compatible replacement or you'll
> > lose all of your data.
> 
> utter bullshit. Is it true that not EVERY replacement-controller will do
> the job but most out there will, RAID is standardized, you know  only
> if you use proprietary RAID-version you'll be fucked up, anything else
> will be most likely fine.

That's simply not true.  The RAID numbers are loosely defined, so one 
manufacturer's RAID 5 parity data may not be compatible with another 
manufacturer's.  The mdadm software RAID tool for Linux supports at least 4 
RAID 5 parity algorithms.

RAID 6 is part of the "RAID standard", but few manufacturers implement it, and 
its second parity calculation is even more loosely defined.

RAID 0 is likely fine, as long as you know the stripe size in use and your new 
controller supports it.

RAID 1 is likely fine, but some HW controllers only support it on exactly 2 
drives.

RAID 2, 3, and 4 are basically never used now; good luck finding a HW RAID 
controller that supports one of them.

Strictly layered RAID 1/0 would be fine, again as long as your stripe size is 
know, but rarely is RAID 1/0 done in a strictly layered fashion.  Again, mdadm 
has 3 different algorithms for how to place the second (or third...) copies of 
that data, and supports RAID 1/0 on an uneven number of drives, which can't be 
done when things are strictly layered.

Finally, there is no standard for how a RAID header / the RAID meta-data is 
written to the disks are read at boot time.  Something has to indicate what 
array a drive is part of, what RAID level is in use on that array, what disk 
number the drive is within the array, and the RAID-level-specific options like 
stripe size.  With HW RAID, this is always stored in a completely proprietary 
manner.

Unless you have a very specific workload where mdadm might cause a performance 
slip, I recommend using mdadm for all your RAID.
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Re: LVM

[Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.]

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 10:52:54 martin f krafft wrote:
> also sprach Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.  [2010.06.15.1744 
+0200]:
> > > mirroring them with mdadm.
> > 
> > I also recommend using mdadm to manage your RAID.  I've had it handle 0,
> > 1,
> 
> 0 is not a RAID level. Don't do it. Use LVM for that.

It is a RAID level, now.  It wasn't in the original paper since it lacks the 
*R* in RAID--Redundancy.

LVM can also do striping, but it can't non-orthogonally combine it with RAID 1 
to give me RAID 1/0.

On the other hand, LVM striping is per-LV.  Doing something like that with 
mdadm is... complex.
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Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Camaleón]

On Tue, 15 Jun 2010 15:48:04 +0100, Lisi wrote:

> On Tuesday 15 June 2010 14:40:44 Camaleón wrote:

>> I would differentiate between "backup" data and "archived" data.

(...)

> Thanks for this.  I was originally responding to Andrew's saying:
> 
> There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
> enough to hold the data.
> 
> 
> I can think of very few - and was interested in what he was thinking of.
> Incremental/differential backups are not really practical, since she
> will be at school.  

Why not practical? Just curious O:-)

> A periodic dd (or Clonezilla?) of the whole drive
> and more frequent updates of her personal data (of which I understand
> that there is not much) would be the optimum, but a trifle pricey, so I
> am still looking at alternative possibilities.

The main drawback I see for "dd" or "clonezilla" is that they are very 
"slowness". It takes much time (and space!) to make a full copy (or 
image) of the disk and so not very practical because at last the user 
stops doing the backup on a regular basis :-(

Greetings,

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Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Hugo Vanwoerkom]

Ron Johnson wrote:

On 06/15/2010 05:32 AM, Lisi wrote:

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 01:25:56 Andrew Sackville-West wrote:

There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
enough to hold the data.


Would you feel inclined to elaborate?  I'm trying to solve this 
problem for my
granddaughter's large HDD, and am not keen to have to buy a 300GB 
external

drive.  Tar would still require a fairly large medium. :-(



Certainly not a name-brand pre-built model!

However, empty external enclosures can be had for less than $20 at all 
the regular mail order places.  Just slip a "big" drive in there and 
bob's your uncle!




Indeed, I use 2 of them and just bought another one because the fan on 
one of the units is having a hard time of it. Unfortunately you only 
find out about this after you have had the unit for a while.


These are USB enclosures, one for an ATA disk and one for an SATA disk. 
Curious, smartctl can read the ATA one but not the SATA one.


You just pop in the drive and plug in the unit and away you go: Debian's 
recent kernels find the units. I am running 2.6.34 on a partition of the 
SATA enclosure right now.


Hugo


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Re: how to start and run a command during boot

[lrhorer]

Greg Madden wrote:

> On Monday 14 June 2010 01:17:27 pm H.S. wrote:
>> On 14/06/10 04:38 PM, Long Wind wrote:
>> > I have etch and a ppp connection
>> > I want to make ppp connection every time Debian boot
>> > That is, run "pon" during boot
>> > What is the proper way to do that?
>> > Thanks!
>>
>> When you do pppoeconf to configure the ppp connection, one of the
>> last questions should be if you want to start the connection at boot
>> time. Answering "yes" to that should accomplish what you want.
> 
> for a ppp conection 'wvdial' does this.

Not very well, it doesn't.  I suggest creating a simple init script
in /etc/init.d that calls pppd, and then set up a chat script.


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Re: Is volatile repo bad for secure stable version of Debian?

[Sthu Deus]

Thank You for Your time and answer, Camaleón:

> I don't think so. I use that repo in my servers for updating ClamAV.

Me too, but I thought that it stands at some distance relating to
stable.


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Re: Is volatile repo bad for secure stable version of Debian?

[Sthu Deus]

Thank You for Your time and answer, Wolodja:

> Why do you think that it should be avoided? It is officially supported
> by Debian and part of the stable infrastructure.

I just did not know that it is part of the stable. I thought it is just
another repo like backports for its own purpose, etc.


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Re: LVM

[martin f krafft]

qlso sprach Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.  [2010.06.15.1840 
+0200]:
> > 0 is not a RAID level. Don't do it. Use LVM for that.
> 
> It is a RAID level, now.  It wasn't in the original paper since it
> lacks the *R* in RAID--Redundancy.

Details… but it is *still* not redundant, so I fail to see how it
has suddenly become a RAID level. ;)

> On the other hand, LVM striping is per-LV.  Doing something like
> that with mdadm is... complex.

Use mdadm for a RAID1 and LVM on top by default.

Use mdadm for a RAID5 or RAID6 and LVM on top for the remaining
cases when you need space and care less about performance.

Use LVM without RAID if you need space (and/or performance) and have
the data mirrored elsewhere. I fail to see the advantage of RAID0 in
this scenario, as LVM is more flexible.

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`. `'`   http://people.debian.org/~madduckhttp://vcs-pkg.org
  `-  Debian - when you have better things to do than fixing systems
 
"we should have a volleyballocracy.
 we elect a six-pack of presidents.
 each one serves until they screw up,
 at which point they rotate."
  -- dennis miller


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Re: Is volatile repo bad for secure stable version of Debian?

[Camaleón]

On Wed, 16 Jun 2010 00:28:38 +0700, Sthu Deus wrote:

> Thank You for Your time and answer, Camaleón:
> 
>> I don't think so. I use that repo in my servers for updating ClamAV.
> 
> Me too, but I thought that it stands at some distance relating to
> stable.

Yep, but I think that is because stable is a "frozen" branch (unless the 
package had a security flaw which then falls into "security" repo) and 
volatile (as the name indicates :-P) are for packages that tend to change 
"quickly".

Greetings,

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Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Lisi]

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 18:06:51 Camaleón wrote:
> On Tue, 15 Jun 2010 15:48:04 +0100, Lisi wrote:
> > On Tuesday 15 June 2010 14:40:44 Camaleón wrote:
> >> I would differentiate between "backup" data and "archived" data.
>
> (...)
>
> > Thanks for this.  I was originally responding to Andrew's saying:
> > 
> > There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
> > enough to hold the data.
> > 
> >
> > I can think of very few - and was interested in what he was thinking of.
> > Incremental/differential backups are not really practical, since she
> > will be at school.
>
> Why not practical? Just curious O:-)

Because I shan't have hold of the computer for long enough or often enough!

> > A periodic dd (or Clonezilla?) of the whole drive
> > and more frequent updates of her personal data (of which I understand
> > that there is not much) would be the optimum, but a trifle pricey, so I
> > am still looking at alternative possibilities.
>
> The main drawback I see for "dd" or "clonezilla" is that they are very
> "slowness". It takes much time (and space!) to make a full copy (or
> image) of the disk and so not very practical because at last the user
> stops doing the backup on a regular basis :-(

The user isn't going to do the backup on a (frequent) regular basis anyway.  
What I am hoping is to be able to dd (or Clonezilla or something) the drive 
periodically and take a snapshot of the state of the machine at that point.  
That will catch all the slow moving/changing files and facilitate a simple 
restoration if needed.  With luck, her personal stuff will fit on a CD or 
two.  Or, since we are anyway assuming that I shall be able to find the 
money, I may get her a DVD RW.  That she might do reasonably often.

Another possibility that I haven't yet explored is to get a NAS or something 
and back all of our machines up to it.

Lisi


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Re: xvidtune doesn't work after upgrade

[AG]

On 13/06/10 21:27, Arthur Barlow wrote:
I'm running Squeeze in a x86 processor, and I noticed after a recent 
package update that I now get an error when I try to run xvidtune. 
 The error says: "Unable to query monitor info."  I'm using an Nvidia 
GeForce 4 MX 4000 card. 


You don't give any information about this, but it sounds like you'll 
need to reinstall your nVidia driver.  If you downloaded it from the 
site - i.e. non-free - you will probably have to run it using the shell 
script to reinstall it.  I often find when I've done a X-server library 
update, that that is all that is required to get things working again.  
If this is your situation too, then don't forget to close down the 
X-server otherwise it won't work.


HTH

AG


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Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Ron Johnson]

On 06/15/2010 12:49 PM, Lisi wrote:

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 18:06:51 Camaleón wrote:

On Tue, 15 Jun 2010 15:48:04 +0100, Lisi wrote:

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 14:40:44 Camaleón wrote:

I would differentiate between "backup" data and "archived" data.


(...)


Thanks for this.  I was originally responding to Andrew's saying:

There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
enough to hold the data.


I can think of very few - and was interested in what he was thinking of.
Incremental/differential backups are not really practical, since she
will be at school.


Why not practical? Just curious O:-)


Because I shan't have hold of the computer for long enough or often enough!



*Teach* her.  She's in Uni, correct?  Thus, she should be 
responsible enough to take care of her own data by sticking in a USB 
drive and running a script.



A periodic dd (or Clonezilla?) of the whole drive
and more frequent updates of her personal data (of which I understand
that there is not much) would be the optimum, but a trifle pricey, so I
am still looking at alternative possibilities.


The main drawback I see for "dd" or "clonezilla" is that they are very
"slowness". It takes much time (and space!) to make a full copy (or
image) of the disk and so not very practical because at last the user
stops doing the backup on a regular basis :-(


The user isn't going to do the backup on a (frequent) regular basis anyway.
What I am hoping is to be able to dd (or Clonezilla or something) the drive
periodically and take a snapshot of the state of the machine at that point.
That will catch all the slow moving/changing files and facilitate a simple
restoration if needed.  With luck, her personal stuff will fit on a CD or
two.  Or, since we are anyway assuming that I shall be able to find the
money, I may get her a DVD RW.  That she might do reasonably often.

Another possibility that I haven't yet explored is to get a NAS or something
and back all of our machines up to it.



NFS and a multi-drive external USB/Firewire enclosure is all that's 
needed.


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Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Andrew Sackville-West]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 10:59:46AM -0500, Ron Johnson wrote:
> On 06/15/2010 09:48 AM, Lisi wrote:
> >
> >Thanks for this.  I was originally responding to Andrew's saying:
> >
> >There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
> >enough to hold the data.
> >
> >
> >I can think of very few - and was interested in what he was thinking of.
> >Incremental/differential backups are not really practical, since she will be
> >at school.  A periodic dd (or Clonezilla?) of the whole drive and more
> >frequent updates of her personal data (of which I understand that there is
> >not much) would be the optimum, but a trifle pricey, so I am still looking at
> >alternative possibilities.
> >
> 
> I wrote a script that only backs up our data directories (including
> much of /home) into a bunch of tarballs, excluding "junk" folders
> like caches, thumbnails, trash, etc, and compressing most but not
> stuff like image and OOo document directories.
> 
> Each backup goes in a separate, dated directory.
> 
> For huge binary directories (like uncompressible video and audio), I
> simply do a "cp -vau" from the "live" tree  to the backup tree.
> 
> The bottom line, though, is that *yes*, you *do* need enough disk
> space for the backup data.

Yeah, my choice of words was unfortunate. What I really meant was
something along the lines of: 

The inability to find a 1.3TB external disk it not a reason not to
take backups. If the data needs backing up, then there are solutions
besides one big honking disk to copy it onto. Tape drives, big stacks
of DVD-R/RW's, arrays of smaller disks, leased disk space onlines
somewhere, etc. 

I think the OP said something like: I have 1.3 TB and it's too big to
backup. This of course is patently ridiculous. meh. 

To address Lisi's issue, I would suggest a cronjob that checks for
network connectivity and then if it's got network, runs rsnapshot (or
rdiff-backup) over passwordless ssh to a server somewhere. That would
be fairly lightweight, once the initial copy is made. And it would be
secure and easy in the longrun. If the user needs local backup, then a
usb drive with rsnapshot would be reasonable. It creates duplicate
filetrees at each snapshot, but uses hardlinks for unchanged files to
keep the total size from ballooning out of control. I think it's
pretty slick because it maintains some of the size control of
differential backup but also makes access to the complete filetree at
a given time a snap. 

very much my .02

A


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Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Andrew Sackville-West]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 09:27:47PM +1000, Alexander Samad wrote:
> On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 8:32 PM, Lisi  wrote:
> > Please excuse the thread breaking.  I have suddenly been being rejected by 
> > the
> > list server and am sending for the third time.  I hope that the list server
> > is now happy with my SMTP settings.
> >
> > On Tuesday 15 June 2010 01:25:56 Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
> >> There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
> >> enough to hold the data.
> >
> > Would you feel inclined to elaborate?  I'm trying to solve this problem for 
> > my
> > granddaughter's large HDD, and am not keen to have to buy a 300GB external
> > drive.  Tar would still require a fairly large medium. :-(

see my other response to Ron Johnson. Basically, I was complaining, in
a poorly worded way, that there is no such thing as too much data to
backup. I think this is essentially what the OP was arguing. And just
because the OP doesn't have an extra 1.3TB of hard disk lying around
doesn't mean they can't take backups: stacks of DVD's, tape drives,
online disk space etc Also, I did not mean to imply that you can
fit all your data into less space than the data takes (barring
compression... but that fits your data into the amount of space your
data takes... so to speak).

> 
> It all depends. Questions to ask
> 
> How much total data is there to backup
> How much data changes on each change
> how many backups do I want to keep.
> How easy do I want to make my restores
> 
> 
> I use rdiff-backup remote diff backup package to a backup server, I
> usually keep about 30 backups, figure if I haven't noticed in a month
> then I probably don't really need it :)  I have plenty of space on my
> backup server (you could use a NAS box - one of those ones that takes
> 2 disks so that you can raid1).
> 
> I backup the system and the valuable data
> 
> and for the really valuable data I send to 2 remote sites - its all
> automated so I don't have to worry about it (sends me emails when it
> has problems).  took me a while to write/setup the system.

This is fairly similar to what I do. I use rdiff-backup or rsnapshot
to make hourly, daily, weekly or monthly backups of critical data with
the time frequency varying depending on what the data is and how often
it changes. This is all run via cron on the backup server. 

For certain really critical data (financial records in particular) I
also tarball it up, encrypt it to myself and then send it to a server
in another state that I have some spare space on. Again a cron job
does it all automatically. Easy peasy once it's set up.

> 
> I realise i will need a debian DVD to recover a machine, install base
> and then just restore the system backup set and go from there.

It's really a question of whether to backup the *machine* or the
critical data. I think unless you need real high-availability, backing
up a *machine* is really probably too much. At least for the general
home user. In this day and age of really good installers, it's just
easier to reinstall and then restore the data you need. For this
purpose I keep backups of /home, and /etc and that's about it. I do
keep backups of the MBR too, having once lost an MBR due to stupidity
on my part... 

A


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Re: LVM

[Andrew Sackville-West]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 03:56:51PM +1000, Gerald C.Catling wrote:
> On Tuesday, June 15, 2010 10:25:56 am Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
> > On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 08:27:32AM +1000, Gerald C.Catling wrote:
> > > Hi Boyd,
> > > At what point and how do I insert -P in the lvm system?
> > 
> > man lvchange
> > 
> > > Many thanks to all respondents, and NO I did not have a backup, no drive
> > > big enough to hold all data.
> > 
> > um... really? I've heard all sorts of reasons for not making backups,
> > but that is *definitely* not a valid reason. (hint, there is no valid
> > reason other than "The loss of this data does not matter", which
> > suggests the questions "then why do you have the data?").
> > 
> > There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
> > enough to hold the data.
> > 

[...]

> One good reason is that I am 73 coming on 4 and pensions are not sufficient 
> to 
> support my buying larger HDD's.
> I do appreciate the effort you and others have put into your replies. But it 
> does seem to me that all the data is lost!

I suspect your data is indeed, in general, lost. You may be able to
recover some of it from the portions of the logical volumes that are
on the remaining partitions, but it won't be easy (and I'm in no
position to tell you how to do it, sorry). 

As to the other, it's unfortunate that you have more data (I'm assuing
you have that much data) than you can afford to backup. In that case,
you are definitely running a risk of losing that data and there's not
much you can do about it. If it's reasonably cost effective for you,
then the static portions of the data can be written to optical disks
and archived (being sure to rotate those regularly as they go bad over
time). However, if you aren't really using all that 1.3TB (or whatever
amount of space it was) then pull one of those drives and stick it in
an USB enclosure and use it for backups. Having ~700GB of data with the
most critical ~400GB backed up is definitely preferable than no
backup, IMO. But it really depends on how much data you have!

A


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Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Camaleón]

On Tue, 15 Jun 2010 18:49:25 +0100, Lisi wrote:

> On Tuesday 15 June 2010 18:06:51 Camaleón wrote:

>> Why not practical? Just curious O:-)
> 
> Because I shan't have hold of the computer for long enough or often
> enough!

But it's "her" backup and "her" data. She should care about how to do 
things like these, whatever place she is (home, university, work...).

>> The main drawback I see for "dd" or "clonezilla" is that they are very
>> "slowness". It takes much time (and space!) to make a full copy (or
>> image) of the disk and so not very practical because at last the user
>> stops doing the backup on a regular basis :-(
> 
> The user isn't going to do the backup on a (frequent) regular basis
> anyway. What I am hoping is to be able to dd (or Clonezilla or
> something) the drive periodically and take a snapshot of the state of
> the machine at that point. That will catch all the slow moving/changing
> files and facilitate a simple restoration if needed.  

Oh, but image restoration is not "that" easy, there are many things to 
tweak, I mean, is not just clicking "restore" button and you're done :-)

And full images need huge space!

> With luck, her personal stuff will fit on a CD or two.  Or, since we 
> are anyway assuming that I shall be able to find the money, I may get 
> her a DVD RW.
>  That she might do reasonably often.

I would avoid DVD media as much as possible, at least I find it not 
suitable as "primary" backup (remember "RW" media has a limit of number 
of writings!). They are not very easy to manage (it requires a dedicated 
program to record the files), it's space-limited (compared to hard 
disks), they are not cheap (byte/€) and reading and writing operations 
are very, I mean, *very* slow :-)
 
> Another possibility that I haven't yet explored is to get a NAS or
> something and back all of our machines up to it.

The best bet I see here is an USB case and a separate hard disk (min. 500 
GiB, and as data space needings increases, the disk can be replaced very 
easily). There you can leave the full system images (clonezilla or "dd" 
based) as well as normal data backups that she can also copy into DVD at 
her convenience. 

Greetings,

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Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Ron Johnson]

On 06/15/2010 01:18 PM, Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
[snip]


I think the OP said something like: I have 1.3 TB and it's too big to
backup. This of course is patently ridiculous. meh.



Right.  You're a fool to buy a Lexus if you can't afford the (way 
more than bare legal minimum) auto insurance.


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Re: LVM

[Ron Johnson]

On 06/15/2010 01:37 PM, Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
[snip]

an USB enclosure and use it for backups. Having ~700GB of data with the
most critical ~400GB backed up is definitely preferable than no


Geez, I remember when I couldn't fill up a 40_MB_ drive, and before 
that when I was in awe of the KayPro 10.


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problems with dell poweredge server R140 (rack)

[Eero Volotinen]

I tried to install Debian Lenny on Dell Poweredge R140 with no success.

First problem is with netword card bnx2?  It is not working with
default install, but
with this workaround it works:

-> http://kmuto.jp/debian/d-i/  (this image support bnx2 from scratch)

another problem is that default kernel cannot mount rootfs from perc
raid (sas) controller after boot? why? tool old kernel?

I tried this workaround (rootdelay=35) but with no success.

RHEL and UBuntu server works fine on this hardware, main reason to
install debian is that we are trying to avoid support costs from
redhat.

Any ideas how to install debian with success to this machine? I just
bought three of these ..

thanks,

--
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Re: problems with dell poweredge server R140 (rack)

[Javier Barroso]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 8:50 PM, Eero Volotinen wrote:

> I tried to install Debian Lenny on Dell Poweredge R140 with no success.
>
> First problem is with netword card bnx2?  It is not working with
> default install, but
> with this workaround it works:
>
> -> http://kmuto.jp/debian/d-i/  (this image support bnx2 from scratch)
>
> another problem is that default kernel cannot mount rootfs from perc
> raid (sas) controller after boot? why? tool old kernel?
>
Maybe having bnx2 driver in a usb disk, and installing it when lenny
installer ask ?

Maybe some other non-free firmware is needed for sas raid controller ?

I think RHEL and Ubuntu doesn't have a kernel major than 2.6.32 like kmuto
d-i

Regards,

Re: LVM

[Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.]

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 12:30:50 martin f krafft wrote:
> qlso sprach Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.  [2010.06.15.1840 
+0200]:
> > > 0 is not a RAID level.
> > 
> > It is a RAID level, now.
> 
> I fail to see how it
> has suddenly become a RAID level. ;)

Popular vote. :P ;)

> > On the other hand, LVM striping is per-LV.  Doing something like
> > that with mdadm is... complex.
> 
> Use mdadm for a RAID1 and LVM on top by default.
> 
> Use mdadm for a RAID5 or RAID6 and LVM on top for the remaining
> cases when you need space and care less about performance.

Use RAID 1/0 in mdadm when you need redundancy, space, and performance.

(Although, IME, RAID 5 is not badly performing.)

This is particularly useful when you have 3 disks, but only need one disk 
redundancy.  mdadm can layout data like this:

| disk1 | disk2 | disk3 |
+---+---+---+
| dataA | dataA | dataB |
| dataB | dataC | dataC |

LVM cannot, easily.

RAID 1/0 through mdadm with 4 disks is also better than strictly layering the 
RAID levels.

RAID 0 disks, RAID 1 arrays:
|array1 |array2 |
| disk1 | disk2 | disk3 | disk4 |
+---+---+---+---+
| dataA | dataB | dataA | dataB |
| dataC | dataD | dataA | dataB |
| dataE | dataF | dataA | dataB |

RAID 1 disks, RAID 0 arrays:
|array1 |array2 |
| disk1 | disk2 | disk3 | disk4 |
+---+---+---+---+
| dataA | dataA | dataB | dataB |
| dataC | dataC | dataD | dataD |
| dataE | dataE | dataF | dataF |

mdadm 0/1 4 disk, 1 redundant copy of data:
| disk1 | disk2 | disk3 | disk4 |
+---+---+---+---+
| dataA | dataA | dataB | dataB |
| dataC | dataD | dataC | dataD |
| dataE | dataF | dataF | dataE |

(same redundancy level as RAID 5, no parity calculations needed.)

mdadm 0/1 4 disk, 2 redundant copy of data:
| disk1 | disk2 | disk3 | disk4 |
+---+---+---+---+
| dataA | dataA | dataA | dataB |
| dataB | dataB | dataC | dataC |
| dataC | dataD | dataD | dataD |

(same redundancy level as RAID 6, although some capacity may be lost near the 
end, no parity calculations needed.)

> Use LVM without RAID if you need space (and/or performance) and have
> the data mirrored elsewhere. I fail to see the advantage of RAID0 in
> this scenario, as LVM is more flexible.

As long as you don't want to combine redundancy and striping, I agree.  When 
you want to combine them, mdadm's RAID 1/0 is better.

Using mdadm to do just RAID 0 is only useful if you have some reason not to 
want to LVM striping.
-- 
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b...@iguanasuicide.net  ((_/)o o(\_))
ICQ: 514984 YM/AIM: DaTwinkDaddy `-'(. .)`-'
http://iguanasuicide.net/\_/


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Re: problems with dell poweredge server R140 (rack)

[Eero Volotinen]

> Maybe having bnx2 driver in a usb disk, and installing it when lenny
> installer ask ?

Well, maybe. Any instructions how to put bnx2 driver on usb disk?

>
> Maybe some other non-free firmware is needed for sas raid controller ?
>
> I think RHEL and Ubuntu doesn't have a kernel major than 2.6.32 like kmuto

Well, pure debian lenny cannot boot from sas perc. That is also bit problem.

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Re: LVM

[Andrew Sackville-West]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 01:50:48PM -0500, Ron Johnson wrote:
> On 06/15/2010 01:37 PM, Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
> [snip]
> >an USB enclosure and use it for backups. Having ~700GB of data with the
> >most critical ~400GB backed up is definitely preferable than no
> 
> Geez, I remember when I couldn't fill up a 40_MB_ drive, and before
> that when I was in awe of the KayPro 10.

It wasn't too long ago (4-5 years?) that I built my current server
with  ~600GB array and I figured I'd *never* fill that up! Hah! I'm
eyeing some 1TB drives to reconfigure the thing (to get rid of RAID-5
and grow a little). It's not full, but a little more elbow room would
be nice. Sheesh

A


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Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Lisi]

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 19:09:28 Ron Johnson wrote:
> *Teach* her.  She's in Uni, correct?  Thus, she should be
> responsible enough to take care of her own data by sticking in a USB
> drive and running a script.

Two people divided by a common language

No, she's at school, where school in this case means an establishment for 
children from 3 to 18.  In American terms (so far as I can work it out) she 
is in grade 8.

And yes, she needs to learn to administer her own computer.  And will.  But 
_I_ don't want her to lose her journal, and I want to minimise the length of 
time it would take me to restore her (elderly) laptop to its present state!

Lisi


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Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Lisi]

On Tuesday 15 June 2010 19:09:28 Ron Johnson wrote:
> *Teach* her.  She's in Uni, correct?  Thus, she should be
> responsible enough to take care of her own data by sticking in a USB
> drive and running a script.

Two people divided by a common language

No, she's at school, where school in this case means an establishment for 
children from 3 to 18.  In American terms (so far as I can work it out) she 
is in grade 8.

And yes, she needs to learn to administer her own computer.  And will.  But 
_I_ don't want her to lose her journal, and I want to minimise the length of 
time it would take me to restore her (elderly) laptop to its present state!

Lisi


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turn off all logging

[Jozsi Vadkan]

Can anyone post a link, to a good howto, how to:

- turn off logging to console
- turn off logging to files [/var/log/messages]
- turn off all logging

Reason: because Lenny is not on a normal HDD, so i don't want to write
to often. And i don't need any logging on it.

Thank you!


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Re: LVM

[Ron Johnson]

On 06/15/2010 02:17 PM, Andrew Sackville-West wrote:

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 01:50:48PM -0500, Ron Johnson wrote:

On 06/15/2010 01:37 PM, Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
[snip]

an USB enclosure and use it for backups. Having ~700GB of data with the
most critical ~400GB backed up is definitely preferable than no


Geez, I remember when I couldn't fill up a 40_MB_ drive, and before
that when I was in awe of the KayPro 10.


It wasn't too long ago (4-5 years?) that I built my current server
with  ~600GB array and I figured I'd *never* fill that up! Hah! I'm
eyeing some 1TB drives to reconfigure the thing (to get rid of RAID-5
and grow a little). It's not full, but a little more elbow room would
be nice. Sheesh



1TB is s 3 years ago!

NewEgg is selling 2TB Hitachis for $120 with promo code...

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Re: problems with dell poweredge server R140 (rack)

[Justin The Cynical]

On 6/15/10 11:50 AM, Eero Volotinen wrote:
> I tried to install Debian Lenny on Dell Poweredge R140 with no success.
> 
> First problem is with netword card bnx2?  It is not working with
> default install, but
> with this workaround it works:
> 
> -> http://kmuto.jp/debian/d-i/  (this image support bnx2 from scratch)
> 
> another problem is that default kernel cannot mount rootfs from perc
> raid (sas) controller after boot? why? tool old kernel?
> 
> I tried this workaround (rootdelay=35) but with no success.
> 
> RHEL and UBuntu server works fine on this hardware, main reason to
> install debian is that we are trying to avoid support costs from
> redhat.
> 
> Any ideas how to install debian with success to this machine? I just
> bought three of these ..

Quick google for "lenny bnx2" revealed this:

http://packages.debian.org/lenny/firmware-bnx2

The firmware for the cards is in the non-free repository.

One way to make this work is here:

http://insanelabs.com/debian/debian-lenny-cannot-load-broadcom-nic-drivers-asking-for-firmware-bnx2-06-405fw-during-install/

As for the SAS, what errors are you seeing?  Do you see the megaraid-sas
(I believe that is the correct one, depends on the chipset used on your
particular PERC) even load?

It was a while aqo, but I installed Debian on a 2950 with a PERC, and
after the initial install, for some %$#^ reason (believe it had to do
with the installed DRAC and it's virtual drives), /boot was showing up
on a different drive (think /dev/sda vs /dev/sdb).

I also may have had to manually roll the initrd with the megaraid driver
as well, don't quite recall.

But without some kind of error message, this is speculation.


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Re: problems with dell poweredge server R140 (rack)

[Eero Volotinen]

> As for the SAS, what errors are you seeing?  Do you see the megaraid-sas
> (I believe that is the correct one, depends on the chipset used on your
> particular PERC) even load?

Server is Dell R410, so I think controller is perc 6/i

>
> It was a while aqo, but I installed Debian on a 2950 with a PERC, and
> after the initial install, for some %$#^ reason (believe it had to do
> with the installed DRAC and it's virtual drives), /boot was showing up
> on a different drive (think /dev/sda vs /dev/sdb).
>
> I also may have had to manually roll the initrd with the megaraid driver
> as well, don't quite recall.

A bit complex issue, anyway boot works on ubuntu server. Maybe this is
installer bug?

>
> But without some kind of error message, this is speculation.

Well, it just drops to busybox complaining it cannot mount rootfs.
Maybe I need to use camera/screencapture to get error messages, since
it's a bit complex to get errormessages our of drac.

--
Eero


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Re: LVM

[Andrew Sackville-West]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 02:59:09PM -0500, Ron Johnson wrote:
> On 06/15/2010 02:17 PM, Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
> >On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 01:50:48PM -0500, Ron Johnson wrote:
> >>On 06/15/2010 01:37 PM, Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
> >>[snip]
> >>>an USB enclosure and use it for backups. Having ~700GB of data with the
> >>>most critical ~400GB backed up is definitely preferable than no
> >>
> >>Geez, I remember when I couldn't fill up a 40_MB_ drive, and before
> >>that when I was in awe of the KayPro 10.
> >
> >It wasn't too long ago (4-5 years?) that I built my current server
> >with  ~600GB array and I figured I'd *never* fill that up! Hah! I'm
> >eyeing some 1TB drives to reconfigure the thing (to get rid of RAID-5
> >and grow a little). It's not full, but a little more elbow room would
> >be nice. Sheesh
> >
> 
> 1TB is s 3 years ago!

gah!

> 
> NewEgg is selling 2TB Hitachis for $120 with promo code...

I know it... how can you not b uy at that price, right?

A



> 
> -- 
> Seek truth from facts.
> 
> 
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> 
> 

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Re: turn off all logging

[Jozsi Vadkan]

/etc/init.d/rsyslog stop
chmod -x /etc/init.d/rsyslog

is that enough? or the system logs somewhere else?


> Can anyone post a link, to a good howto, how to:
> 
> - turn off logging to console
> - turn off logging to files [/var/log/messages]
> - turn off all logging
> 
> Reason: because Lenny is not on a normal HDD, so i don't want to write
> to often. And i don't need any logging on it.
> 
> Thank you!
> 


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Re: LVM

[Ron Johnson]

On 06/15/2010 03:20 PM, Andrew Sackville-West wrote:

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 02:59:09PM -0500, Ron Johnson wrote:

On 06/15/2010 02:17 PM, Andrew Sackville-West wrote:

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 01:50:48PM -0500, Ron Johnson wrote:

On 06/15/2010 01:37 PM, Andrew Sackville-West wrote:
[snip]

an USB enclosure and use it for backups. Having ~700GB of data with the
most critical ~400GB backed up is definitely preferable than no


Geez, I remember when I couldn't fill up a 40_MB_ drive, and before
that when I was in awe of the KayPro 10.


It wasn't too long ago (4-5 years?) that I built my current server
with  ~600GB array and I figured I'd *never* fill that up! Hah! I'm
eyeing some 1TB drives to reconfigure the thing (to get rid of RAID-5
and grow a little). It's not full, but a little more elbow room would
be nice. Sheesh



1TB is s 3 years ago!


gah!



NewEgg is selling 2TB Hitachis for $120 with promo code...


I know it... how can you not b uy at that price, right?



Especially when I *also* remember being so impressed when 1GB drives 
hit $100.


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an apology - was Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Lisi]

Sorry for duplicate everybody.  The list has been rejecting my emails with my 
usual SMTP set up.  This means that I may think that something has gone when 
it hasn't or vice versa.

Lisi


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Re: an apology - was Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Ron Johnson]

On 06/15/2010 05:02 PM, Lisi wrote:

Sorry for duplicate everybody.  The list has been rejecting my emails with my
usual SMTP set up.  This means that I may think that something has gone when
it hasn't or vice versa.



Something like that happened to me a year or so ago when my ISP got 
much stricter about emails sent to it via Postfix instead of 
directly via an MUA.


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Re: turn off all logging

[Jordan Metzmeier]

-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
Hash: SHA256

On 06/15/2010 04:04 PM, Jozsi Vadkan wrote:
> /etc/init.d/rsyslog stop
> chmod -x /etc/init.d/rsyslog
> 
> is that enough? or the system logs somewhere else?
> 
> 
>> Can anyone post a link, to a good howto, how to:
>>
>> - turn off logging to console
>> - turn off logging to files [/var/log/messages]
>> - turn off all logging
>>
>> Reason: because Lenny is not on a normal HDD, so i don't want to write
>> to often. And i don't need any logging on it.
>>
>> Thank you!
>>
> 

chmod -x is not the proper way to disable a startup service. I recommend
using sysv-rc-conf, which has an easy-to-use interface.

Not all applications use syslog and will need to be disabled on a
per-application basis.

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inetutils-inetd --debug

[peasthope]

Nothing in the syslog indicates that the target 
system receives a daytime request or a telnet request 
from another system and I wonder whether 
"inetutils-inetd --debug" might help.  

Appears that I might 
  interactively "inetutils-inetd --debug restart" 
  or somehow put the debug parameter in /etc/inetd.conf 
  or put the debug parameter /etc/rc6.d/K01inetutils-inetd .
  
Any advice or criticism before I blunder further?

Thanks,  ... Peter E.



-- 
Carnot is down, waiting for a disk replacement.
Personal site works;  http://members.shaw.ca/peasthope/ .


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Re: turn off all logging

[Karl E. Jorgensen]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 10:04:15PM +0200, Jozsi Vadkan wrote:
> /etc/init.d/rsyslog stop
> chmod -x /etc/init.d/rsyslog
> 
> is that enough? or the system logs somewhere else?

That should do it, but it is a slightly hackish way of doing it.

Another (IMHO better) way of doing it is to modify the contents of
/etc/syslog.conf (or /etc/rsyslogd.conf?) so that only things that you
are truly interested in get logged - you're bound to want to want
e.g. kernel oops's, OOM killer events logged I guess.  You can also
use this to send all the system logging information to another system
if needed.

> > Can anyone post a link, to a good howto, how to:
> > 
> > - turn off logging to console
> > - turn off logging to files [/var/log/messages]
> > - turn off all logging
> > 
> > Reason: because Lenny is not on a normal HDD, so i don't want to write
> > to often. And i don't need any logging on it.

Hope this helps
-- 
Karl E. Jorgensen


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Problem removing nvidia-glx

[Curt Howland]

-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
Hash: SHA1

Hi.

I used to have an nvidia graphics card in my machine, I removed it 
when I found the AMD/ATI drivers, and am now using the onboard video.

Well, I installed the AMD driver before removing the nvidia drivers, 
and when trying to remove the nvidia-glx package I get the following 
error:

==
Removing nvidia-glx ...
rm: cannot remove `/usr/lib/libGL.so': No such file or directory
dpkg-divert: rename involves overwriting `/usr/lib/libGL.so.1.2' with
  different file `/usr/lib/nvidia/libGL.so.1.2.xlibmesa', not allowed
dpkg: error processing nvidia-glx (--purge):
 subprocess post-removal script returned error exit status 2
Errors were encountered while processing:
 nvidia-glx
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
==

This is preventing every other function, stopping updating and such.

I have the idea that I could _delete_ the file "/usr/lib/libGL.so.1.2" 
and run the remove, but I don't know what problems that might cause.

Suggestions, before I do something I am going to regret?

Curt-


- -- 
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for they do so with the approval of their consciences.
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Re: Ntpdate Errors (previously posted, +)

[Rob Owens]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 06:42:02PM +0300, David Baron wrote:
> On Saturday 12 June 2010 23:02:11 David Baron wrote:
> > > > I have no cron running ntpdate that I know of and there is no ntpdate
> > > > entry in  anacrontab. I run it in an rc.local type script on bootup.
> > > > Period. This run works.
> > > > 
> > > > The only thing I can think of is an obsolete webmin entry but I have
> > > > not run  webmin for ages. This simply made cron scripts for me as far
> > > > as I know and I have no ntpdate crons that I can find. Where else
> > > > might I look?
> > > 
> > > /var/spool/cron/ is the first place I would look for cron enttries. They
> > > should be plain text files, so they're easy to grep through. Then I'd
> > > look for scripts in /etc/cron.*/ as already mentioned.
> > 
> > Yes, I have it in (correction)
> > /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root
> > 
> > Where is the original?
> 
> I still have been unable to find it. Removing the file on /var would 
> accomplish nothing. Next bootup will have it back.
> 
I missed the beginning of this thread, but I'm assuming that ntpdate is
running regularly and you don't know why.  If I'm wrong, just ignore me.
If I'm right, then you could just uninstall ntpdate and switch to ntpd.

-Rob


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Re: turn off all logging

[Rob Owens]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 09:30:51PM +0200, Jozsi Vadkan wrote:
> Can anyone post a link, to a good howto, how to:
> 
> - turn off logging to console
> - turn off logging to files [/var/log/messages]
> - turn off all logging
> 
> Reason: because Lenny is not on a normal HDD, so i don't want to write
> to often. And i don't need any logging on it.
> 
Alternatively, you could mount /var/log as tmpfs, so it writes to RAM
instead of to disk.

-Rob


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Re: Upgrade Kernel, Lose External Display

[Gilbert Sullivan]

Clean slate, sort of.

I've removed any xorg.conf and am not blacklisting any more.

System docked will not give me a display on the external screen, whether 
booted from old kernel or new one.


System undocked works perfectly.

I'm attaching a new dmesg output with the system docked with the new 
kernel and the updated xserver-common and xserver-xorg-core. Unless I'm 
missing something, it's very much the same story as before. I don't see 
where the trouble is. The external monitor and its resolution are 
detected. But nothing is displayed on it.


As mentioned before, I filed a bug report. No response to it as of yet.

https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28524
[0.00] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset
[0.00] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu
[0.00] Linux version 2.6.32-5-686 (Debian 2.6.32-15) 
(b...@decadent.org.uk) (gcc version 4.3.5 (Debian 4.3.5-1) ) #1 SMP Tue Jun 1 
04:59:47 UTC 2010
[0.00] KERNEL supported cpus:
[0.00]   Intel GenuineIntel
[0.00]   AMD AuthenticAMD
[0.00]   NSC Geode by NSC
[0.00]   Cyrix CyrixInstead
[0.00]   Centaur CentaurHauls
[0.00]   Transmeta GenuineTMx86
[0.00]   Transmeta TransmetaCPU
[0.00]   UMC UMC UMC UMC
[0.00] BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
[0.00]  BIOS-e820:  - 0009f000 (usable)
[0.00]  BIOS-e820: 0009f000 - 000a (reserved)
[0.00]  BIOS-e820: 0010 - 7ffd8000 (usable)
[0.00]  BIOS-e820: 7ffd8000 - 8000 (reserved)
[0.00]  BIOS-e820: e000 - f0007000 (reserved)
[0.00]  BIOS-e820: f0008000 - f000c000 (reserved)
[0.00]  BIOS-e820: fec0 - fec1 (reserved)
[0.00]  BIOS-e820: fed2 - fee1 (reserved)
[0.00]  BIOS-e820: ffb0 - 0001 (reserved)
[0.00] DMI 2.3 present.
[0.00] last_pfn = 0x7ffd8 max_arch_pfn = 0x10
[0.00] MTRR default type: uncachable
[0.00] MTRR fixed ranges enabled:
[0.00]   0-9 write-back
[0.00]   A-B uncachable
[0.00]   C-C write-protect
[0.00]   D-E uncachable
[0.00]   F-F write-protect
[0.00] MTRR variable ranges enabled:
[0.00]   0 base 0 mask F8000 write-back
[0.00]   1 base 0FEDA mask E write-through
[0.00]   2 disabled
[0.00]   3 disabled
[0.00]   4 disabled
[0.00]   5 disabled
[0.00]   6 disabled
[0.00]   7 disabled
[0.00] PAT not supported by CPU.
[0.00] initial memory mapped : 0 - 0180
[0.00] init_memory_mapping: -373fe000
[0.00]  00 - 40 page 4k
[0.00]  40 - 003700 page 2M
[0.00]  003700 - 00373fe000 page 4k
[0.00] kernel direct mapping tables up to 373fe000 @ 7000-d000
[0.00] RAMDISK: 3781a000 - 37fefcb3
[0.00] Allocated new RAMDISK: 0010 - 008d5cb3
[0.00] Move RAMDISK from 3781a000 - 37fefcb2 to 
0010 - 008d5cb2
[0.00] ACPI: RSDP 000fc9b0 00014 (v00 DELL  )
[0.00] ACPI: RSDT 7ffd8790 00040 (v01 DELLD05 27D60314 ASL  
0061)
[0.00] ACPI: FACP 7ffd9400 00074 (v01 DELLD05 27D60314 ASL  
0061)
[0.00] ACPI: DSDT 7ffda000 0355D (v01 INT430 SYSFexxx 1001 MSFT 
010E)
[0.00] ACPI: FACS 7ffe8800 00040
[0.00] ACPI: APIC 7ffd9c00 00068 (v01 DELLD05 27D60314 ASL  
0047)
[0.00] ACPI: ASF! 7ffd9800 0005B (v16 DELLD05 27D60314 ASL  
0061)
[0.00] ACPI: MCFG 7ffd9bc0 0003E (v16 DELLD05 27D60314 ASL  
0061)
[0.00] ACPI: SSDT 7ffd8be6 002C2 (v01  PmRef  Cpu0Ist 3000 INTL 
20030522)
[0.00] ACPI: SSDT 7ffd8a0e 001D8 (v01  PmRef  Cpu0Cst 3001 INTL 
20030522)
[0.00] ACPI: SSDT 7ffd8813 001FB (v01  PmRefCpuPm 3000 INTL 
20030522)
[0.00] ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfee0
[0.00] 1163MB HIGHMEM available.
[0.00] 883MB LOWMEM available.
[0.00]   mapped low ram: 0 - 373fe000
[0.00]   low ram: 0 - 373fe000
[0.00]   node 0 low ram:  - 373fe000
[0.00]   node 0 bootmap 9000 - fe80
[0.00] (9 early reservations) ==> bootmem [00 - 00373fe000]
[0.00]   #0 [00 - 001000]   BIOS data page ==> [00 
- 001000]
[0.00]   #1 [001000 - 002000]EX TRAMPOLINE ==> [001000 
- 002000]
[0.00]   #2 [006000 - 007000]   TRAMPOLINE ==> [006000 
- 007000]
[0.00]   #3 [000100 - 00014c3154]TEXT DATA BSS ==> [000100 
- 00014c3154]
[0.00]   #4 [09f000 - 10]BIOS reserved ==> [09f000 
- 

Re: Backups - was: Re: LVM

[Rob Owens]

On Tue, Jun 15, 2010 at 06:49:25PM +0100, Lisi wrote:
> On Tuesday 15 June 2010 18:06:51 Camaleón wrote:
> > On Tue, 15 Jun 2010 15:48:04 +0100, Lisi wrote:
> > > On Tuesday 15 June 2010 14:40:44 Camaleón wrote:
> > >> I would differentiate between "backup" data and "archived" data.
> >
> > (...)
> >
> > > Thanks for this.  I was originally responding to Andrew's saying:
> > > 
> > > There are many many ways to make take backups beyond having a disk big
> > > enough to hold the data.
> > > 
> > >
> > > I can think of very few - and was interested in what he was thinking of.
> > > Incremental/differential backups are not really practical, since she
> > > will be at school.
> >
> > Why not practical? Just curious O:-)
> 
> Because I shan't have hold of the computer for long enough or often enough!
> 
> > > A periodic dd (or Clonezilla?) of the whole drive
> > > and more frequent updates of her personal data (of which I understand
> > > that there is not much) would be the optimum, but a trifle pricey, so I
> > > am still looking at alternative possibilities.
> >
> > The main drawback I see for "dd" or "clonezilla" is that they are very
> > "slowness". It takes much time (and space!) to make a full copy (or
> > image) of the disk and so not very practical because at last the user
> > stops doing the backup on a regular basis :-(
> 
> The user isn't going to do the backup on a (frequent) regular basis anyway.  
> What I am hoping is to be able to dd (or Clonezilla or something) the drive 
> periodically and take a snapshot of the state of the machine at that point.  
> That will catch all the slow moving/changing files and facilitate a simple 
> restoration if needed.  With luck, her personal stuff will fit on a CD or 
> two.  Or, since we are anyway assuming that I shall be able to find the 
> money, I may get her a DVD RW.  That she might do reasonably often.
> 
> Another possibility that I haven't yet explored is to get a NAS or something 
> and back all of our machines up to it.
> 
Have you investigated BackupPC?  It's a pretty slick program, available
in the Debian repos.  It can use rsync, tar, or smb as its transfer
mechanism.  Rsync of course is best for over the internet backups,
because it minimizes bandwidth usage.  

It pools common files, so the
storage requirements per machine go down as you back up more and more
machines.  (If you both have a copy of the same JPEG on your machines,
BackupPC will only keep one copy, but it knows that it belongs to both
of you).

It runs automatically, but not through cron.  It will retry backups if
the host machine (the one it's trying to back up) is disconnected from
the network.  

The remote user's machine should run sshd and wait for BackupPC to
connect.  Alternatively, the remote user's machine can ssh to the
BackupPC machine and set up a tunnel using reverse port forwarding.  Or
you could use a VPN.

I use BackupPC to back up all my own computers, plus my parents', my
sister's, and a friend's.  Most of them probably don't even remember
that they are being backed up, because it requires no interaction on
their part.

-Rob


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LVM

[Gerald C.Catling]

Many thanks to all that responded to try to solve this LVM problem.
I could not recover any data from the crashed system. I could not find any 
method of mounting  drive 2 or 3 as individual drives and the system would not 
create a volume group without the now non-existant first drive.
Once again, many thanks.
I will have to try RAID 1.
Gerald


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problem with AC 97 sound chip

[Long Wind]

I have etch with kernel 2.6
The onboard ac 97 chip does not work
lsmod shows intel 810 modules loaded
sound controls in application appear to be working
but there's no sound
(the sound chip work in kernel 2.4 in sarge)


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Re: LVM

[Andrew Sackville-West]

On Wed, Jun 16, 2010 at 11:31:41AM +1000, Gerald C.Catling wrote:
> Many thanks to all that responded to try to solve this LVM problem.
> I could not recover any data from the crashed system. I could not find any 
> method of mounting  drive 2 or 3 as individual drives and the system would 
> not 
> create a volume group without the now non-existant first drive.
> Once again, many thanks.

sorry to hear about the data loss.

> I will have to try RAID 1.

remember that RAID is no substitute for backups. And, there really is
nothing wrong with lvm per se, you just have to be careful of having
volumes spanning harddrives. Without redundancy, you can lose the
volume. 

best of luck

A


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Re: problem with AC 97 sound chip

[H.S.]

On 15/06/10 09:43 PM, Long Wind wrote:
> I have etch with kernel 2.6
> The onboard ac 97 chip does not work
> lsmod shows intel 810 modules loaded
> sound controls in application appear to be working
> but there's no sound
> (the sound chip work in kernel 2.4 in sarge)

I think I also have ac97 chip and the sound works great (alsa and pulse
audio). This is on an Intel P4B motherboard. I haven't done anything
special though. Running 2.6.32 kernel. Here are my snd modules and lspci
info (if this is similar as yours, let me know if you need more info):

$> lspci | grep -i audio
02:0c.0 Multimedia audio controller: Ensoniq 5880B [AudioPCI] (rev 02)
$> lsmod | grep snd
snd_usb_audio  49108  3
snd_usb_lib10954  1 snd_usb_audio
snd_hwdep   4030  1 snd_usb_audio
snd_ens137112012  3
snd_ac97_codec 76547  1 snd_ens1371
ac97_bus 710  1 snd_ac97_codec
snd_pcm_oss27143  0
snd_mixer_oss  10318  1 snd_pcm_oss
snd_pcm44082  4
snd_usb_audio,snd_ens1371,snd_ac97_codec,snd_pcm_oss
snd_seq_midi3438  0
snd_rawmidi11802  3 snd_usb_lib,snd_ens1371,snd_seq_midi
snd_seq_midi_event  3626  1 snd_seq_midi
snd_seq31648  2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event
snd_timer  11768  2 snd_pcm,snd_seq
snd_seq_device  3639  3 snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq
snd32215  23
snd_usb_audio,snd_hwdep,snd_ens1371,snd_ac97_codec,snd_pcm_oss,snd_mixer_oss,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device
soundcore   3298  1 snd
gameport5657  3 snd_ens1371,ns558
snd_page_alloc  4809  1 snd_pcm
usbcore94015  7
usb_storage,snd_usb_audio,snd_usb_lib,usbhid,uhci_hcd,ehci_hcd

Regards,
->HS


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Re: Chromium Xperience

[green]

Ron Johnson wrote at 2010-06-14 20:45 -0600:
> On 06/14/2010 09:07 PM, green wrote:
> >KS wrote at 2010-05-18 20:15 -0600:
> >>What is the experience of other users who have tested out Chromium in
> >>Debian?
> >
> >I like chromium.  To me it seems faster and the interface more efficient.
> >Iceweasel (on amd64) always crashed occasionally for me.  I don't recall that
> 
> Eh?  Always occasionally?

Hmm, that's a tricky one for me to put into English.
- Across different versions, Iceweasel would crash occasionally.
- Iceweasel's "occasional crashing" behavior remained the same for a long time.

Note that by "occasional" I mean maybe once every 2 weeks, with several windows 
and a total of maybe 40 tabs.


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Re: LVM

[Mark Allums]

On 6/15/2010 9:30 PM, Andrew Sackville-West wrote:

On Wed, Jun 16, 2010 at 11:31:41AM +1000, Gerald C.Catling wrote:

I will have to try RAID 1.


remember that RAID is no substitute for backups.


A cardinal rule!


 And, there really is

nothing wrong with lvm per se, you just have to be careful of having
volumes spanning harddrives. Without redundancy, you can lose the
volume.


I believe (any many would agree, I think) that LVM is the bees' knees, 
but it should be on top of some sort of RAID.  This has already been 
said, but I think it bears repeating.


A RAID 1 for redundancy makes me sleep better at night.

It's not perfect, nor foolproof, but it is easy and cheap.  (Hard disks 
are commodities; it is as easy to buy two as it is to buy one.)



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