Thanks for the report. Sage symbolic integration has indeed a lot of
problems! Note that it integrates cleanly the first integral

sage: f = integral(r*sqrt(4-r^2), (r,0,s))
sage: f
1/3*(s^2 - 4)*sqrt(-s^2 + 4) + 8/3

That you can even check numerical values (this numerical integration works
very well thanks to GSL)

​sage: numerical_integral(r*sqrt(4-r^2), 0, 0.5)
(0.24605207528703113, 2.731726792404644e-15)
sage: f.subs(s=0.5)
0.246052075287031
sage: numerical_integral(r*sqrt(4-r^2), 0, 1.0)
(0.9346158590977892, 1.0376320459501866e-14)
sage: f.subs(s=1.0)
0.934615859097789

Then as you already noticed one obtains the very wrong

sage: g = f.subs(s=1+cos(t))
sage: integral(g, (t,0,2*pi))
16/3*pi

whereas the expected value should be around

sage: numerical_integral(g, 0, 2*pi)
(7.299499510756003, 8.10407242508138e-14)

which is indeed close to maple symbolic answer

sage: expr = -34/9*sqrt(2) - 7/3*log(3+2*sqrt(2)) + 16/3*pi
sage: expr.n()
7.29949951075600

Vincent

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