Thank you, that was very helpful indeed!

I've filed a bug report with GCC just in case:
https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=118113

Best regads,
David Cortes
On Wed, 2024-12-18 at 17:34 +0300, Ivan Krylov wrote:
> В Tue, 17 Dec 2024 20:26:01 +0100
> David Cortes <david.cortes.riv...@gmail.com> пишет:
> 
> > I am seeing a curious error in an ASAN package check which is not
> > reproducible in the r-debug containers
> > (https://github.com/wch/r-debug), and which I'm suspecting might be
> > a
> > compiler bug.
> 
> r-debug differs from the gcc-ASAN special check in at least the
> compiler version. The log at [1] says it's running with GCC 14.2.0,
> while docker.io/wch1/r-debug uses GCC 12.3.0. Additionally, LTO was
> recently enabled for R but not the packages [2].
> 
> The log says that the std::regex("\"") constructor somehow manages to
> read a byte past the end (after the 0-terminator) of its C-style
> string
> argument. While I wasn't able to reproduce it even after starting
> with docker.io/rocker/drd and rebuilding R according to [2], with GCC
> 14 and LTO for R but not packages, the following much simpler example
> does exhibit the same behaviour:
> 
> #include <iostream>
> #include <regex>
> int main() {
>  std::string s{" gjdshlkhj \" lsjkhkljh "};
>  const char * rx = "\"";
>  std::cout
>   << std::regex_replace(s, std::regex(rx), "\\\"") // <-- line 7
>   << std::endl;
>  // the code below is required for the problem to happen above!
>  for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) volatile std::regex rxx(rx);
> }
> 
> g++-14 -flto=10 -o foo -g -O2 -mtune=native \
> -fsanitize=address,undefined,bounds-strict foo.cpp && ./foo
> 
> ==648==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: global-buffer-overflow on address
> 0x556ed780fa02 at pc 0x556ed7731520 bp 0x7fff41781420 sp
> 0x7fff41781410
> READ of size 1 at 0x556ed780fa02 thread T0
>     #0 0x556ed773151f in
> std::__detail::_Scanner<char>::_M_scan_normal()
> /usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex_scanner.tcc:98
>     #1 0x556ed773151f in std::__detail::_Scanner<char>::_M_advance()
> /usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex_scanner.tcc:79
>     #2 0x556ed7734416 in
> std::__detail::_Compiler<std::__cxx11::regex_traits<char>
> >::_M_match_token(std::__detail::_ScannerBase::_TokenT)
> /usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex_compiler.tcc:575
>     #3 0x556ed7748374 in
> std::__detail::_Compiler<std::__cxx11::regex_traits<char>
> >::_M_atom() /usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex_compiler.tcc:310
>     #4 0x556ed7748374 in
> std::__detail::_Compiler<std::__cxx11::regex_traits<char>
> >::_M_term() /usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex_compiler.tcc:133
>     #5 0x556ed7748374 in
> std::__detail::_Compiler<std::__cxx11::regex_traits<char>
> >::_M_alternative() /usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex_compiler.tcc:115
>     #6 0x556ed7747428 in
> std::__detail::_Compiler<std::__cxx11::regex_traits<char>
> >::_M_alternative() /usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex_compiler.tcc:118
>     #7 0x556ed7753285 in
> std::__detail::_Compiler<std::__cxx11::regex_traits<char>
> >::_M_disjunction() /usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex_compiler.tcc:91
>     #8 0x556ed77df36e in
> std::__detail::_Compiler<std::__cxx11::regex_traits<char>
> >::_Compiler(char const*, char const*, std::locale const&,
> std::regex_constants::syntax_option_type)
> /usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex_compiler.tcc:76
>     #9 0x556ed77df36e in std::__cxx11::basic_regex<char,
> std::__cxx11::regex_traits<char> >::_M_compile(char const*, char
> const*, std::regex_constants::syntax_option_type) [clone
> .constprop.0] /usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:809
>     #10 0x556ed771b8cf in std::__cxx11::basic_regex<char,
> std::__cxx11::regex_traits<char> >::basic_regex(char const*,
> std::regex_constants::syntax_option_type)
> /usr/include/c++/14/bits/regex.h:473
>     #11 0x556ed771b8cf in main foo.cpp:7 // <-- see line 7 above
> 
> 0x556ed780fa02 is located 0 bytes after global variable '*.LC45'
> defined in './foo.ltrans3.ltrans' (0x556ed780fa00) of size 2
>   '*.LC45' is ascii string '"'
> 
> Disabling LTO or removing that loop that constructs additional
> regexps
> makes the error vanish.
> 
> At the time of the error, members _M_current and _M_end (which should
> point at the current part of the string and past the end of the same
> string, respectively) point at completely different strings with the
> same content:
> 
> (gdb) p _M_current-3
> $12 = 0x55ce00bb4a00 "\""
> (gdb) p _M_end-1
> $13 = 0x55ce00b956a0 "\""
> (gdb) p _M_end - _M_current
> $14 = -127842
> (gdb) p _M_current-4
> $15 = 0x55ce00bb49ff ""
> (gdb) p _M_end-2
> $16 = 0x55ce00b9569f ""
> 
> Did the gcc-ASAN check enable LTO for packages too, not only R
> itself?
> 
> For a quick workaround, I can only recommend writing your own
> replace_all() function using the std::string::find and
> std::string::replace methods in a loop. Thankfully, you replace plain
> strings, not complicated regular expressions.
> 

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