Hi Joshua, > > > > rbind(data, c("Total",apply(data[,-1], 2, sum, na.rm=TRUE))) >
Yes. This what exactly I want. Thanks for your time. > > If your State column is a factor, it will return a warning that NAs > were introduced (but the totals will still be at the bottom). > Yes. > is.factor(data$State) [1] TRUE State column is a factor, it will return warning message like this . Warning message: In `[<-.factor`(`*tmp*`, ri, value = "Total") : invalid factor level, NAs generated I know that this is common factor vs character problem in R. I think there may be a safe way to handle this: > data <- read.csv(file='ipsample.csv',sep=',' , header=TRUE) > a <- rbind(data, c("Total",apply(data[,-1], 2, sum, na.rm=TRUE))) Warning message: In `[<-.factor`(`*tmp*`, ri, value = "Total") : invalid factor level, NAs generated > a State Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun 1 AAA 1 1 0 2 2 0 2 BBB 1298 1195 1212 1244 1158 845 3 CCC 0 0 0 1 2 1 4 DDD 5 11 17 15 10 9 5 EEE 18 28 27 23 23 16 6 FFF 68 152 184 135 111 86 7 <NA> 1390 1387 1440 1420 1306 957 How to safely avoid this warning massage? Now I have <NA> instead of "Total" in last row State column. How to I replace it as "Total"? Thanks & Rg Mohan L [[alternative HTML version deleted]] ______________________________________________ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.