See ?apply. The apply function works on *matrices*.
Actually arrays, and matrices are arrays with 2 dimensions.
characters. This is all explained in the first paragraph of ?apply.
Also see ?as.matrix ______________________________________________ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.