Three comments I actually think you can write worse code in R than in SAS: more tools = more scope for innovatively bad ideas. The ability to write bad code should not damm a language. I found almost all of the "improvements" to the multi-line SAS recode to be regressions, both the SAS and the S suggestions. a. Everyone, even those of you with no SAS backround whatsoever, immediately understood the code. Most of the replacements are obscure. Compilers are very good these days and computers are fast, fewer typed characters != better. b. If I were writing the S code for such an application, it would look much the same. I worked as a programmer in medical research for several years, and one of the things that moved me on to graduate studies in statistics was the realization that doing my best work meant being as UN-clever as possible in my code. Frank's comments imply that he was reading SAS macro code at the moment of peak frustration. And if you want to criticise SAS code, this is the place to look. SAS macro started out as some simple expansions, then got added on to, then added on again, and again, and .... with no overall blueprint. It is much like the farmhouse of some neighbors of mine growing up: 4 different expansions in 4 eras, and no overall guiding plan. The interior layout was "interesting" to say the least. I was once a bona fide SAS 'wizard' (and Frank was much better than me), and I can't read the stuff without grinding my teeth. S was once headed down the same road. One of the best things ever with the language was documented in the blue book "The New S Language", where Becker et al had the wisdom to scrap the macro processor. Terry Therneau
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