Hi Jens, I assume you are using package dlm.
To add covariates to the system equation the workaround is to include psi in the state vector. Suppose your observation and system equations are as follow: Y[t] = F[t]theta[t] + v[t], v[t] ~ N[0,V] #observation equation theta[t] = G[t]theta[t-1] + Z[t]psi + w[t], w[t] ~ N[0,W] #system equation (Note that I wrote F[t]theta[t] instead of F'[t]theta[t], Z[t]psi instead of psi*Z[t], and G[t]theta[t-1] instead of simply theta[t-1]) Defining thetahat[t] = [theta[t]' psi']' Fhat[t] = [ F[t] 0 ] [ G[t] Z[t] ] Ghat[t] = [ ] [ 0 Id ] What = blockdiag(W, 0) you have a new DLM that satisfies your requirement. I hope this is clear enough for you to implement it in R. If not, please send a small example telling us what you want to do. By the way, questions about contributed packages should be addressed to the package maintainer first. Best, Giovanni Petris (author of package dlm) > Date: Mon, 08 Dec 2008 00:17:29 -0500 > From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > Sender: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > Precedence: list > > Is there a way to add covariates to the system equation in a time-varying > approach: > > Y[t] = F'[t]theta[t] + v[t], v[t] ~ N[0,V] #observation equation > theta[t] = theta[t-1] + psi*Z[t] + w[t], w[t] ~ N[0,W] #system equation > > While F[t] is a matrix of regressors to capture the short term effect on > the response series Y, > Z[t] measures the long-term effect of either > (1) two policies by a step dummy or > (2) various policies with a continuous variable. > > I appreciate any kind of help! > Thanks in advance! > Jens > > ______________________________________________ > R-help@r-project.org mailing list > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help > PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. > > -- Giovanni Petris <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Associate Professor Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Arkansas - Fayetteville, AR 72701 Ph: (479) 575-6324, 575-8630 (fax) http://definetti.uark.edu/~gpetris/ ______________________________________________ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.