Tony,
I’m not sure what exactly you’re trying to do, but you're not really taking
advantage of vectorization in your R code. I've tried to clean it up a little.
The clamped lognormal is almost always 0 or L? That seems a little odd. You
seem to be using the inverse cdf method of drawing samples. That's not
necessary in R for standard probability distributions. You may want to do a
little more investigating of basic programming tasks in R before you dig into a
complex simulation.
scale <- 15.08707
shape <- 0.8592507
lambda.risk <- 1.75
L <- 7.5e5
R <- 2.5e6
# Generate n random poisson with rate = lambda.risk
frequency <- function(n) rpois(n,lambda.risk)
# clamp a numeric to 0, L
clamp <- function(x, min, max) pmin(max, pmax(min, x))
# Generate lognormal shifted by R
severity <- function(n) rlnorm(n,scale,shape)-R
clamp(severity(100), 0, L) # Lognormal shifted left by R, and then clamped
between 0 and L? Almost always equal to 0 or L
sim <- function(breaks = 7){
freq <- frequency(1)
i <- freq > 1:7
sev <- clamp(severity(sum(i)), 0, L)
claims <- rep(0, 7)
claims[i] <- sev
min(22.5e6,sum(claims))
}
hist(iterations <- replicate(10000, sim()), breaks = 20)
From: R-help [mailto:r-help-boun...@r-project.org] On Behalf Of HUL-Anthony
Egerton
Sent: Friday, July 14, 2017 7:45 PM
To: r-help@r-project.org
Subject: Re: [R] One Dimensional Monte Carlo Simulation
Further to my email below, I have just realised that I forgot to include the
specification of L and R.
Hence, the code needs to include the following additional lines at the start;-
L<-7.5e6
R<-2.5e6
Apologies for any confusion caused!
Best regards,
Tony
> On 12 Jul 2017, at 10:03 AM, HUL-Anthony Egerton
> <mailto:aeger...@huntingtonunderwriting.com> wrote:
>
> I am trying to code a basic Monte Carlo Simulation in R where a Poisson
> distribution generates a frequency output that is then input into a Lognormal
> distribution, which produces a different, independent severity for each
> incidence. The individual incidences are then summed to produce an aggregate
> amount per period/iteration.
>
> Here is the code;-
>
> scale<-15.08707
> shape<-0.8592507
> lambda.risk<-1.75
> L<-7.5e5
> R<-2.5e6
> iterations<-replicate(10000,{
> claims1<-0
> claims2<-0
> claims3<-0
> claims4<-0
> claims5<-0
> claims6<-0
> claims7<-0
> claims<-c(claims1,claims2,claims3,claims4,claims5,claims6,claims7)
> freq<-(qpois(runif(1),lambda.risk))
> sev<-pmin(L,pmax(0,(qlnorm(runif(1),scale,shape)-R)))
> if(freq>=1){claims1<-sev}
> sev<-pmin(L,pmax(0,(qlnorm(runif(1),scale,shape)-R)))
> if(freq>=2){claims2<-sev}
> sev<-pmin(L,pmax(0,(qlnorm(runif(1),scale,shape)-R)))
> if (freq>=3) {claims3<-sev}
> sev<-pmin(L,pmax(0,(qlnorm(runif(1),scale,shape)-R)))
> if (freq>=4) {claims4<-sev}
> sev<-pmin(L,pmax(0,(qlnorm(runif(1),scale,shape)-R)))
> if (freq>=5) {claims5<-sev}
> sev<-pmin(L,pmax(0,(qlnorm(runif(1),scale,shape)-R)))
> if (freq>=6) {claims6<-sev}
> sev<-pmin(L,pmax(0,(qlnorm(runif(1),scale,shape)-R)))
> if (freq>=7) {claims7<-sev}
> claims<-c(claims1,claims2,claims3,claims4,claims5,claims6,claims7)
> min(22.5e6,sum(claims))
> })
>
> I am new to R, but am sure that there must be a simpler way to code this
> process.
>
> Furthermore, as the Poisson lambda increases, there is a need to include
> provision for potentially more incidences, which will require a manual
> expansion of the code to claims8, claims9 etc.
>
> Can you assist, please?
>
> Best regards,
>
> Anthony A H Egerton MA MBA ACII
> �����
> HUNTINGTON UNDERWRITING LIMITED
> Labuan FT, Malaysia
>
>
>
> CONFIDENTIALITY NOTE:
>
> The information contained in this email message may be legally privileged and
> contain confidential information and is intended only for the use of the
> individual or entity to whom it is addressed. If the reader of this message
> is not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any
> dissemination, distribution or copy of this message is strictly prohibited.
> If you have received this email in error, please immediately delete this
> message.
>
> Begin forwarded message:
>
>> From: mailto:r-help-requ...@r-project.org
>> Date: 8 July 2017 at 6:00:02 PM SGT
>> To: mailto:r-help@r-project.org
>> Subject: R-help Digest, Vol 173, Issue 8
>> Reply-To: mailto:r-help@r-project.org
>>
>> Send R-help mailing list submissions to
>> mailto:r-help@r-project.org
>>
>> To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit
>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>> or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to
>> mailto:r-help-requ...@r-project.org
>>
>> You can reach the person managing the list at
>> mailto:r-help-ow...@r-project.org
>>
>> When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
>> than "Re: Contents of R-help digest..."
>>
>>
>> Today's Topics:
>>
>> 1. R loop function in Tableau (Dai, Shengyu)
>> 2. Factor vs character in a data.frame vs vector (John Kane)
>> 3. Re: Factor vs character in a data.frame vs vector (Marc Schwartz)
>> 4. Re: Scoring and Ranking Methods (David Winsemius)
>> 5. Re: R loop function in Tableau (David Winsemius)
>> 6. Re: [Rd] italic font on cairo devices in R 3.4 (mailto:frede...@ofb.net)
>> 7. Re: [Rd] italic font on cairo devices in R 3.4 (mailto:frede...@ofb.net)
>> 8. Beginner s quwry about cfa in lavaan (Martina Hule?ov?)
>> 9. Re: [Rd] italic font on cairo devices in R 3.4 (Ilia Kats)
>> 10. Re: Beginner s quwry about cfa in lavaan (Bert Gunter)
>> 11. Re: Factor vs character in a data.frame vs vector (Marc Schwartz)
>> 12. Re: Factor vs character in a data.frame vs vector (John Kane)
>> 13. Re: [Rd] italic font on cairo devices in R 3.4 (Yixuan Qiu)
>>
>>
>> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 1
>> Date: Thu, 06 Jul 2017 17:19:47 -0400
>> From: "Dai, Shengyu" <mailto:da...@rpi.edu>
>> To: <mailto:r-help@r-project.org>
>> Subject: [R] R loop function in Tableau
>> Message-ID: <mailto:15947cd3-cd7b-4bb6-a994-d49d514df...@rpi.edu>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
>>
>> Hi R helpers,
>>
>>
>>
>> I hope this email finds you well.
>>
>>
>>
>> I am having trouble with R loop function in Tableau. Please see the
>> attachment of a simple dataset. The problem is to test whether the value of
>> columns is match.
>>
>>
>>
>> Because Tableau do not have iteration function, I coded ?if statement? in
>> Tableau to realize the function, which is slow if having huge amount of
>> data. I wonder to integrate Tableau with R studio to realize this
>> functionality.
>>
>>
>>
>> I did not find too much useful information online and I am asking helps for
>> any examples of related low-level data calculation.
>>
>>
>>
>> Thank you very much. Your helps and supports are really appreciated!
>>
>>
>>
>> Best,
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>>
>>
>>
>> Shengyu (Freddy) Dai
>>
>> Master of Science in Business Analytics
>>
>> Lally School of Management
>>
>> Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
>>
>> Mobile: (513)328-5659
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 2
>> Date: Fri, 7 Jul 2017 11:03:51 +0000
>> From: John Kane <mailto:jrkrid...@yahoo.ca>
>> To: R R-help <mailto:r-h...@stat.math.ethz.ch>
>> Subject: [R] Factor vs character in a data.frame vs vector
>> Message-ID: <mailto:184884580.507511.1499425431...@mail.yahoo.com>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
>>
>> This is not? serious problem but I just wonder if someone can explain what
>> is happening.
>> The same command within a dataframe is giving me a factor and as a plain
>> vector is giving me a character.? It's probably something simple that I have
>> read and forgotten but I thought I'd ask.
>> Thanks
>>
>> #================================================
>> dat1 <- data.frame(aa = letters[1:10])
>> str(dat1)
>> data.frame':????10 obs. of??1 variable:
>> $ aa....letters.1.10.: Factor w/ 10 levels "a","b","c","d",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
>> 8 9 10#=============================================================
>> bb = letters[1:10]
>> str(bb)
>> chr [1:10] "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "f" "g" "h" "i" "j"
>> #==============================================================
>>
>>
>> [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 3
>> Date: Fri, 7 Jul 2017 09:37:12 -0500
>> From: Marc Schwartz <mailto:marc_schwa...@me.com>
>> To: John Kane <mailto:jrkrid...@yahoo.ca>
>> Cc: R R-help <mailto:r-h...@stat.math.ethz.ch>
>> Subject: Re: [R] Factor vs character in a data.frame vs vector
>> Message-ID: <mailto:36a7cfec-57b6-4652-bc93-ab9e0eed1...@me.com>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
>>
>>
>>> On Jul 7, 2017, at 6:03 AM, John Kane via R-help
>>> <mailto:r-help@r-project.org> wrote:
>>>
>>> This is not serious problem but I just wonder if someone can explain what
>>> is happening.
>>> The same command within a dataframe is giving me a factor and as a plain
>>> vector is giving me a character. It's probably something simple that I
>>> have read and forgotten but I thought I'd ask.
>>> Thanks
>>>
>>> #================================================
>>> dat1 <- data.frame(aa = letters[1:10])
>>> str(dat1)
>>> data.frame': 10 obs. of 1 variable:
>>> $ aa....letters.1.10.: Factor w/ 10 levels "a","b","c","d",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6
>>> 7 8 9 10#=============================================================
>>> bb = letters[1:10]
>>> str(bb)
>>> chr [1:10] "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "f" "g" "h" "i" "j"
>>> #==============================================================
>>>
>>
>>
>> See the 'stringsAsFactors' argument in ?data.frame.
>>
>> dat1 <- data.frame(aa = letters[1:10], stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
>>
>>> str(dat1)
>> 'data.frame': 10 obs. of 1 variable:
>> $ aa: chr "a" "b" "c" "d" ...
>>
>>
>> Regards,
>>
>> Marc Schwartz
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 4
>> Date: Fri, 7 Jul 2017 08:47:57 -0700
>> From: David Winsemius <mailto:dwinsem...@comcast.net>
>> To: Dhivya Narayanasamy <mailto:dhiv.shr...@gmail.com>
>> Cc: r-help mailing list <mailto:r-help@r-project.org>
>> Subject: Re: [R] Scoring and Ranking Methods
>> Message-ID: <mailto:b6a35831-5e7d-407a-bb82-504f33e0f...@comcast.net>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
>>
>>
>>> On Jul 7, 2017, at 2:29 AM, Dhivya Narayanasamy
>>> <mailto:dhiv.shr...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> Hi,
>>>
>>> I am doing predictive modelling of Multivariate Time series Data of a Motor
>>> in R using various models such as Arima, H2O.Randomforest, glmnet, lm and
>>> few other models.
>>>
>>> I created a function to select a model of our choice and do prediction.
>>>
>>> Model1 <- function(){
>>> ..
>>> return()
>>> }
>>
>> That looks like a prescription for serious disappointment. I seriously doubt
>> that you have done any testing using similar code. You would have created a
>> function that returns NULL. I get the sense that you need to study and work
>> through the examples in the "Introduction to R" document.
>>
>>
>>
>>> Model2 <- function(){
>>> ...
>>> return()
>>> }
>>> Model3 <- function(){
>>> ...
>>> return()
>>> }
>>> main <- function(n){
>>> if(n == 1) {
>>> Model1()
>>> }
>>> else if(n == 2){
>>> Model2()
>>> }
>>> else if(n == 3){
>>> Model3()
>>> }}
>>> Now I am supposed to automate these models which gives RMSE and MAPE of
>>> each model. I would like to provide scores (eg. out of 5) for each model
>>> based on the performance. For example, if Arima gives a low RMSE than other
>>> models, it will be scored high and the second lowest RMSE model will score
>>> a less than Arima and so on.
>>>
>>> And every time i run those models with different input Data [motor2, motor3
>>> ..], it must give the mean score of a model. what I mean to say is,
>>>
>>> 1. for motor1 it will give scores of each model, let's say *s1*.
>>> 2. for motor2 run it give scores of each model, and let's call it *s2*.
>>> And i want a mean score of that model every time i run it with different
>>> input. It is more like scoring and ranking method.
>>>
>>> Are there any methods or packages in R that can give a glimpse of how it is
>>> done? or any examples? Any suggestions would be very helpful.
>>
>> The 'switch'-function can dispatch to different functions on the basis of
>> the value of an indicator variable.
>>
>>
>>>
>>> Thank you.
>>> Dhivya
>>>
>>> [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
>>
>> Please read the Posting Guide. Rhelp is a plain text mailing list.
>>>
>>> ______________________________________________
>>> mailto:R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
>>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>>> PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
>>
>> David Winsemius
>> Alameda, CA, USA
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 5
>> Date: Fri, 7 Jul 2017 08:57:50 -0700
>> From: David Winsemius <mailto:dwinsem...@comcast.net>
>> To: "Dai, Shengyu" <mailto:da...@rpi.edu>
>> Cc: mailto:r-help@r-project.org
>> Subject: Re: [R] R loop function in Tableau
>> Message-ID: <mailto:5b17a446-46c5-4371-94d3-a5c9a7ca6...@comcast.net>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
>>
>>
>>> On Jul 6, 2017, at 2:19 PM, Dai, Shengyu <mailto:da...@rpi.edu> wrote:
>>>
>>> Hi R helpers,
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> I hope this email finds you well.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> I am having trouble with R loop function in Tableau.
>>>
>>
>> There is no "R loop function". (There is an R `for`-function.) If you are
>> having trouble with code then it should be provided. If the problem is with
>> the Tableau code then this is the wrong place. Tableau is not either free or
>> open source. You would in that case need to contact Tableau or get
>> assistance from your academic institution.
>>
>>> Please see the attachment of a simple dataset.
>>
>> No data attached. Probably scrubbed by the mail server. Any data needs to be
>> a .txt file.
>>
>>> The problem is to test whether the value of columns is match.
>>
>> There is a `match` function. It's vectorized, so may not need to be wrapped
>> with a function that would provide looping.
>>
>>>
>>> Because Tableau do not have iteration function, I coded ?if statement? in
>>> Tableau to realize the function, which is slow if having huge amount of
>>> data. I wonder to integrate Tableau with R studio to realize this
>>> functionality.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> I did not find too much useful information online and I am asking helps for
>>> any examples of related low-level data calculation.
>>
>> That is then the fault of Tableau (if true), since there is a huge amount of
>> online documentation for R. The Rhelp Archives and StackOverflow have
>> thousands of worked examples of "low-level data calculation". I suspect with
>> estimated probability approaching unity that StackOverflow will have
>> questions tagged jointly with [r] and [tableau].
>>
>>
>>>
>>> Thank you very much. Your helps and supports are really appreciated!
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Best,
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> --
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Shengyu (Freddy) Dai
>>>
>>> Master of Science in Business Analytics
>>>
>>> Lally School of Management
>>>
>>> Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
>>>
>>> Mobile: (513)328-5659
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> ______________________________________________
>>> mailto:R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
>>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>>> PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
>>
>> David Winsemius
>> Alameda, CA, USA
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 6
>> Date: Fri, 7 Jul 2017 09:17:34 -0700
>> From: mailto:frede...@ofb.net
>> To: Ilia Kats <mailto:ilia-k...@gmx.net>
>> Cc: mailto:r-de...@r-project.org, mailto:r-help@r-project.org
>> Subject: Re: [R] [Rd] italic font on cairo devices in R 3.4
>> Message-ID: <mailto:20170707161734.ga...@ofb.net>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
>>
>> Hi Ilia,
>>
>> I'm running Arch Linux, R 3.4.0.
>>
>> Here's my test.pdf from your minimal example: https://ptpb.pw/HxsA.pdf
>>
>> It doesn't look pixelated to me...
>>
>> Here's a post that I wrote when I solved my last font problem in R,
>> almost 2 years ago:
>>
>> https://stackoverflow.com/a/40940331/5087283
>>
>> I had to install some Microsoft font packages, which is sad, because
>> there are some perfectly good free fonts that R could be using
>> instead. It could be considered a bug that R requires Microsoft fonts,
>> at least by default. However, does this even fix your problem? I.e. if
>> you install the corresponding Debian Microsoft font packages, does the
>> text appear anti-aliased?
>>
>> Frederick
>>
>>> On Fri, Jul 07, 2017 at 10:30:46AM +0200, Ilia Kats wrote:
>>> [cross-post from R-help]
>>>
>>> Hi all,
>>>
>>> I have the following problem: Since R 3.4.0, italic fonts rendered on Cairo
>>> devices appear pixelated. Here's a minimal example:
>>> cairo_pdf('test.pdf')
>>> plot(1:10, ylab=expression(italic(test)))
>>> dev.off()
>>>
>>> The same problem occurs with bolditalic, but not bold. I am using Debian
>>> Stretch. Several friends tried the same on their machines, another Debian
>>> machine has the same problem. On MacOSX the output was not pixelated, but it
>>> wasn't italic either. Ubuntu 16.04.2 xenial works fine. My impression is
>>> that R somehow can't find the proper font to use and falls back to something
>>> weird. Ideas?
>>>
>>> Note that I'm not subscribed to the list, so please CC me in replies.
>>>
>>> Cheers, Ilia
>>>
>>> ______________________________________________
>>> mailto:r-de...@r-project.org mailing list
>>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
>>>
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 7
>> Date: Fri, 7 Jul 2017 10:28:44 -0700
>> From: mailto:frede...@ofb.net
>> To: Ilia Kats <mailto:ilia-k...@gmx.net>
>> Cc: mailto:r-de...@r-project.org, mailto:r-help@r-project.org
>> Subject: Re: [R] [Rd] italic font on cairo devices in R 3.4
>> Message-ID: <mailto:20170707172844.ge...@ofb.net>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
>>
>>> On Fri, Jul 07, 2017 at 07:08:52PM +0200, Ilia Kats wrote:
>>> Interesting. I did not have the package installed, but I did at some point
>>> extract Helvetica from some MacOSX font files and R was using that just fine
>>> until 3.3. This is how the plot looks in 3.4 (still using Helvetica):
>>> https://ptpb.pw/HikX.pdf . After removing Helvetica, installing the
>>> ttf-mscorefonts-installer package, and running fc-cache --force the plot
>>> looks like this: https://ptpb.pw/CM8A.pdf
>>
>> The second plot looks worse, in other words, and the Microsoft fonts
>> didn't help.
>>
>> Maybe the Cairo device should be giving better warning messages.
>>
>> Anyway it sounds like you are describing a regression so maybe someone
>> can track down the commit that created this problem.
>>
>> Thanks,
>>
>> Frederick
>>
>>
>>> Also note that the standard pdf device works fine: https://ptpb.pw/3Ml1.pdf
>>> , it's just the cairo devices (both pdf and svg) that have the issue.
>>> Unfortunately I need to use cairo_pdf due to unicode characters in axis
>>> labels.
>>>
>>> Cheers, Ilia
>>>
>>>
>>> -------- Original Message --------
>>> Subject: Re: [Rd] italic font on cairo devices in R 3.4
>>> Date: 2017-07-07 18:17:34 +0200
>>> From: frederik
>>> To: Ilia Kats
>>> CC: r-devel, r-help
>>>> Hi Ilia,
>>>>
>>>> I'm running Arch Linux, R 3.4.0.
>>>>
>>>> Here's my test.pdf from your minimal example: https://ptpb.pw/HxsA.pdf
>>>>
>>>> It doesn't look pixelated to me...
>>>>
>>>> Here's a post that I wrote when I solved my last font problem in R,
>>>> almost 2 years ago:
>>>>
>>>> https://stackoverflow.com/a/40940331/5087283
>>>>
>>>> I had to install some Microsoft font packages, which is sad, because
>>>> there are some perfectly good free fonts that R could be using
>>>> instead. It could be considered a bug that R requires Microsoft fonts,
>>>> at least by default. However, does this even fix your problem? I.e. if
>>>> you install the corresponding Debian Microsoft font packages, does the
>>>> text appear anti-aliased?
>>>>
>>>> Frederick
>>>>
>>>>> On Fri, Jul 07, 2017 at 10:30:46AM +0200, Ilia Kats wrote:
>>>>> [cross-post from R-help]
>>>>>
>>>>> Hi all,
>>>>>
>>>>> I have the following problem: Since R 3.4.0, italic fonts rendered on
>>>>> Cairo
>>>>> devices appear pixelated. Here's a minimal example:
>>>>> cairo_pdf('test.pdf')
>>>>> plot(1:10, ylab=expression(italic(test)))
>>>>> dev.off()
>>>>>
>>>>> The same problem occurs with bolditalic, but not bold. I am using Debian
>>>>> Stretch. Several friends tried the same on their machines, another Debian
>>>>> machine has the same problem. On MacOSX the output was not pixelated, but
>>>>> it
>>>>> wasn't italic either. Ubuntu 16.04.2 xenial works fine. My impression is
>>>>> that R somehow can't find the proper font to use and falls back to
>>>>> something
>>>>> weird. Ideas?
>>>>>
>>>>> Note that I'm not subscribed to the list, so please CC me in replies.
>>>>>
>>>>> Cheers, Ilia
>>>>>
>>>>> ______________________________________________
>>>>> mailto:r-de...@r-project.org mailing list
>>>>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
>>>>>
>>>
>>> --
>>> The first is to ensure your partner understands that nature has root
>>> privileges - nature doesn't have to make sense.
>>> -- Telsa Gwynne
>>>
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 8
>> Date: Fri, 7 Jul 2017 16:52:34 +0000
>> From: Martina Hule?ov? <mailto:mhules...@gmail.com>
>> To: "mailto:r-help@r-project.org"; <mailto:r-help@r-project.org>
>> Subject: [R] Beginner s quwry about cfa in lavaan
>> Message-ID:
>>
>><mailto:he1pr09mb044320c242c964b3adb51037bd...@he1pr09mb0443.eurprd09.prod.outlook.com>
>>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
>>
>> Dear all,
>> I am trying to learn about R. As a Phd student, I would like to use R for
>> Krippendorff s alpha and later for a series of CFA. Is there any good
>> introduction to these kind of analyses, or could you recommend me some
>> tutorials on youtube, for example? I am new to R, so I need something basic
>> , starting from opening the R environment?.
>> Thank you .
>> Martina Hulesova
>>
>> Odesl?no z m?ho Windows Phone
>>
>> [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 9
>> Date: Fri, 7 Jul 2017 19:08:52 +0200
>> From: Ilia Kats <mailto:ilia-k...@gmx.net>
>> To: mailto:frede...@ofb.net
>> Cc: mailto:r-de...@r-project.org, mailto:r-help@r-project.org
>> Subject: Re: [R] [Rd] italic font on cairo devices in R 3.4
>> Message-ID: <mailto:815d1e56-2fb9-1f7c-aa32-b15769cc7...@gmx.net>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
>>
>> Interesting. I did not have the package installed, but I did at some
>> point extract Helvetica from some MacOSX font files and R was using that
>> just fine until 3.3. This is how the plot looks in 3.4 (still using
>> Helvetica): https://ptpb.pw/HikX.pdf . After removing Helvetica,
>> installing the ttf-mscorefonts-installer package, and running fc-cache
>> --force the plot looks like this: https://ptpb.pw/CM8A.pdf
>>
>> Also note that the standard pdf device works fine:
>> https://ptpb.pw/3Ml1.pdf , it's just the cairo devices (both pdf and
>> svg) that have the issue. Unfortunately I need to use cairo_pdf due to
>> unicode characters in axis labels.
>>
>> Cheers, Ilia
>>
>>
>> -------- Original Message --------
>> Subject: Re: [Rd] italic font on cairo devices in R 3.4
>> Date: 2017-07-07 18:17:34 +0200
>> From: frederik
>> To: Ilia Kats
>> CC: r-devel, r-help
>>> Hi Ilia,
>>>
>>> I'm running Arch Linux, R 3.4.0.
>>>
>>> Here's my test.pdf from your minimal example: https://ptpb.pw/HxsA.pdf
>>>
>>> It doesn't look pixelated to me...
>>>
>>> Here's a post that I wrote when I solved my last font problem in R,
>>> almost 2 years ago:
>>>
>>> https://stackoverflow.com/a/40940331/5087283
>>>
>>> I had to install some Microsoft font packages, which is sad, because
>>> there are some perfectly good free fonts that R could be using
>>> instead. It could be considered a bug that R requires Microsoft fonts,
>>> at least by default. However, does this even fix your problem? I.e. if
>>> you install the corresponding Debian Microsoft font packages, does the
>>> text appear anti-aliased?
>>>
>>> Frederick
>>>
>>>> On Fri, Jul 07, 2017 at 10:30:46AM +0200, Ilia Kats wrote:
>>>> [cross-post from R-help]
>>>>
>>>> Hi all,
>>>>
>>>> I have the following problem: Since R 3.4.0, italic fonts rendered on Cairo
>>>> devices appear pixelated. Here's a minimal example:
>>>> cairo_pdf('test.pdf')
>>>> plot(1:10, ylab=expression(italic(test)))
>>>> dev.off()
>>>>
>>>> The same problem occurs with bolditalic, but not bold. I am using Debian
>>>> Stretch. Several friends tried the same on their machines, another Debian
>>>> machine has the same problem. On MacOSX the output was not pixelated, but
>>>> it
>>>> wasn't italic either. Ubuntu 16.04.2 xenial works fine. My impression is
>>>> that R somehow can't find the proper font to use and falls back to
>>>> something
>>>> weird. Ideas?
>>>>
>>>> Note that I'm not subscribed to the list, so please CC me in replies.
>>>>
>>>> Cheers, Ilia
>>>>
>>>> ______________________________________________
>>>> mailto:r-de...@r-project.org mailing list
>>>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
>>>>
>>
>> --
>> The first is to ensure your partner understands that nature has root
>> privileges - nature doesn't have to make sense.
>> -- Telsa Gwynne
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 10
>> Date: Fri, 7 Jul 2017 16:43:12 -0700
>> From: Bert Gunter <mailto:bgunter.4...@gmail.com>
>> To: Martina Hule?ov? <mailto:mhules...@gmail.com>
>> Cc: mailto:r-help@r-project.org
>> Subject: Re: [R] Beginner s quwry about cfa in lavaan
>> Message-ID:
>>
>><mailto:CAGxFJbQ3CgCFXLBGsz9e8y=VLw=9gQKTw7CsoDjy6Feu4=h...@mail.gmail.com>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
>>
>> Google is your friend.
>>
>> Also rseek.org
>>
>> Bert
>>
>>
>>
>>> On Jul 7, 2017 3:48 PM, "Martina Hule?ov?" <mailto:mhules...@gmail.com>
>>> wrote:
>>>
>>> Dear all,
>>> I am trying to learn about R. As a Phd student, I would like to use R for
>>> Krippendorff s alpha and later for a series of CFA. Is there any good
>>> introduction to these kind of analyses, or could you recommend me some
>>> tutorials on youtube, for example? I am new to R, so I need something basic
>>> , starting from opening the R environment?.
>>> Thank you .
>>> Martina Hulesova
>>>
>>> Odesl?no z m?ho Windows Phone
>>>
>>> [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
>>>
>>> ______________________________________________
>>> mailto:R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
>>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>>> PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/
>>> posting-guide.html
>>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
>>
>> [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 11
>> Date: Fri, 7 Jul 2017 21:25:42 -0500
>> From: Marc Schwartz <mailto:marc_schwa...@me.com>
>> To: John Kane <mailto:jrkrid...@yahoo.ca>
>> Cc: R R-help <mailto:r-h...@stat.math.ethz.ch>
>> Subject: Re: [R] Factor vs character in a data.frame vs vector
>> Message-ID: <mailto:28b1caa7-85ea-41a2-9373-172f52773...@me.com>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
>>
>>
>>> On Jul 7, 2017, at 7:03 PM, John Kane <mailto:jrkrid...@yahoo.ca> wrote:
>>>
>>> Thanks Marc.
>>> It never occurred to me that I would need a ""stringsAsFactors" expression
>>> in a data.frame. I could have sworn I never did before when mocking up
>>> some data but clearly I was wrong or there has been a change in R v. 3.4.1
>>> which seems unlikely.
>>
>>
>> Welcome John.
>>
>> Going back to the old NEWS files, the 'stringsAsFactors' argument for
>> data.frame() appears in version 2.4.0, which was released on 2006-10-03.
>>
>> It is possible that somewhere along the way, you set
>> options(stringsAsFactors = FALSE) in your .Rprofile, which would change the
>> default behavior. I know that some folks do that, as they do not like the
>> default coercion to factors, both for data.frame() and for the read.table()
>> family.
>>
>> Other alternatives would be to use the 'colClasses' argument to explicitly
>> set such vectors to character, or to use I(...) to create AsIs class columns.
>>
>> Regards,
>>
>> Marc
>>
>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On Friday, July 7, 2017, 10:37:29 AM EDT, Marc Schwartz
>>> <mailto:marc_schwa...@me.com> wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>> On Jul 7, 2017, at 6:03 AM, John Kane via R-help
>>>> <mailto:r-help@r-project.org> wrote:
>>>>
>>>> This is not serious problem but I just wonder if someone can explain what
>>>> is happening.
>>>> The same command within a dataframe is giving me a factor and as a plain
>>>> vector is giving me a character. It's probably something simple that I
>>>> have read and forgotten but I thought I'd ask.
>>>> Thanks
>>>>
>>>> #================================================
>>>> dat1 <- data.frame(aa = letters[1:10])
>>>> str(dat1)
>>>> data.frame': 10 obs. of 1 variable:
>>>> $ aa....letters.1.10.: Factor w/ 10 levels "a","b","c","d",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6
>>>> 7 8 9 10#=============================================================
>>>> bb = letters[1:10]
>>>> str(bb)
>>>> chr [1:10] "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "f" "g" "h" "i" "j"
>>>> #==============================================================
>>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> See the 'stringsAsFactors' argument in ?data.frame.
>>>
>>> dat1 <- data.frame(aa = letters[1:10], stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
>>>
>>>
>>>> str(dat1)
>>> 'data.frame': 10 obs. of 1 variable:
>>>
>>> $ aa: chr "a" "b" "c" "d" ...
>>>
>>>
>>> Regards,
>>>
>>> Marc Schwartz
>>>
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 12
>> Date: Sat, 8 Jul 2017 00:03:19 +0000
>> From: John Kane <mailto:jrkrid...@yahoo.ca>
>> To: Marc Schwartz <mailto:marc_schwa...@me.com>
>> Cc: R R-help <mailto:r-h...@stat.math.ethz.ch>
>> Subject: Re: [R] Factor vs character in a data.frame vs vector
>> Message-ID: <mailto:595896971.1101053.1499472199...@mail.yahoo.com>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
>>
>> Thanks Marc. It never occurred to me that I would need a ""stringsAsFactors"
>> expression in a data.frame.? I could have sworn I never did before when
>> mocking up some data but clearly I was wrong or there has been a change in R
>> v. 3.4.1 which seems unlikely.
>>
>>
>> On Friday, July 7, 2017, 10:37:29 AM EDT, Marc Schwartz
>> <mailto:marc_schwa...@me.com> wrote:
>>
>>
>>> On Jul 7, 2017, at 6:03 AM, John Kane via R-help
>>> <mailto:r-help@r-project.org> wrote:
>>>
>>> This is not? serious problem but I just wonder if someone can explain what
>>> is happening.
>>> The same command within a dataframe is giving me a factor and as a plain
>>> vector is giving me a character.? It's probably something simple that I
>>> have read and forgotten but I thought I'd ask.
>>> Thanks
>>>
>>> #================================================
>>> dat1 <- data.frame(aa = letters[1:10])
>>> str(dat1)
>>> data.frame':? ? 10 obs. of? 1 variable:
>>> $ aa....letters.1.10.: Factor w/ 10 levels "a","b","c","d",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6
>>> 7 8 9 10#=============================================================
>>> bb = letters[1:10]
>>> str(bb)
>>> chr [1:10] "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "f" "g" "h" "i" "j"
>>> #==============================================================
>>>
>>
>>
>> See the 'stringsAsFactors' argument in ?data.frame.
>>
>> dat1 <- data.frame(aa = letters[1:10], stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
>>
>>> str(dat1)
>> 'data.frame':??? 10 obs. of? 1 variable:
>> $ aa: chr? "a" "b" "c" "d" ...
>>
>>
>> Regards,
>>
>> Marc Schwartz
>>
>> [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 13
>> Date: Sat, 8 Jul 2017 01:11:10 -0400
>> From: Yixuan Qiu <mailto:yixuan....@cos.name>
>> To: mailto:ilia-k...@gmx.net
>> Cc: mailto:frede...@ofb.net, r-help <mailto:r-help@r-project.org>
>> Subject: Re: [R] [Rd] italic font on cairo devices in R 3.4
>> Message-ID:
>>
>><mailto:CAFr_7yFTMPers4D9P_vaPW5=r-qvrq0+_ldb56d3tewc7h4...@mail.gmail.com>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
>>
>> Hi Ilia,
>>
>> You may want to have a try of the showtext package
>> (https://github.com/yixuan/showtext). Below is a quick example:
>>
>> library(showtext)
>> showtext.auto()
>>
>> pdf("test.pdf")
>> ## Use the "sans" font family provided by the showtext package
>> ## font == 3 means italic font face
>> plot(1, xlab = "Unicode characters: \u00C0 \u00C6 \u00D8",
>> family = "sans", font.lab = 3)
>> dev.off()
>>
>> ## Same for SVG
>> svg("test.svg")
>> plot(1, xlab = "Unicode characters: \u00C0 \u00C6 \u00D8",
>> family = "sans", font.lab = 3)
>> dev.off()
>>
>>
>> Best,
>> Yixuan
>>
>>
>> 2017-07-07 13:08 GMT-04:00 Ilia Kats <mailto:ilia-k...@gmx.net>:
>>> Interesting. I did not have the package installed, but I did at some point
>>> extract Helvetica from some MacOSX font files and R was using that just fine
>>> until 3.3. This is how the plot looks in 3.4 (still using Helvetica):
>>> https://ptpb.pw/HikX.pdf . After removing Helvetica, installing the
>>> ttf-mscorefonts-installer package, and running fc-cache --force the plot
>>> looks like this: https://ptpb.pw/CM8A.pdf
>>>
>>> Also note that the standard pdf device works fine: https://ptpb.pw/3Ml1.pdf
>>> , it's just the cairo devices (both pdf and svg) that have the issue.
>>> Unfortunately I need to use cairo_pdf due to unicode characters in axis
>>> labels.
>>>
>>> Cheers, Ilia
>>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Yixuan Qiu <mailto:yixuan....@cos.name>
>> Department of Statistics,
>> Purdue University
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Subject: Digest Footer
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> mailto:R-help@r-project.org mailing list
>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>> PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> End of R-help Digest, Vol 173, Issue 8
>> **************************************
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______________________________________________
mailto:R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
______________________________________________
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https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
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