R 3.2.0
OS X
Colleagues,
I am confused about the implementation of contrasts in ANOVA. I have 4 groups
(BATCH) in DATA. My code reads:
contrasts(DATA$BATCH) <- c(-1, -1, 1, 1)/2
LM <- lm(VALUES ~ SIDN +
BATCH, data=DATA)
where both SIDN and BATCH are factors and VALUES is a real number
When I run this code, I get the exact results that a colleague obtains in SAS.
So far, so good. Also, when I examine DATA$BATCH, i get:
> DATA$BATCH
[1] P R S Q R P S Q R P S Q P R Q S R P S Q R P Q S P R Q S P R Q S P R S Q P R
[39] S Q P R Q S R P Q S R P S Q R P Q S P R S Q R P Q S R P S Q R P Q S P R S Q
[77] P R S Q R P S Q P R Q S R P Q S P R Q S
attr(,"contrasts")
[,1] [,2] [,3]
P -0.5 -0.5 -0.5
Q -0.5 0.5 0.5
R 0.5 0.5 -0.5
S 0.5 -0.5 0.5
Levels: P Q R S
I noted that columns 2 and 3 did not seem relevant. Out of curiosity, I
modified the contrasts code:
contrasts(DATA$BATCH, how.many=1) <- c(-1, -1, 1, 1)/2
Now when I examine DATA$BATCH, I get:
> DATA$BATCH
[1] P R S Q R P S Q R P S Q P R Q S R P S Q R P Q S P R Q S P R Q S P R S Q P R
[39] S Q P R Q S R P Q S R P S Q R P Q S P R S Q R P Q S R P S Q R P Q S P R S Q
[77] P R S Q R P S Q P R Q S R P Q S P R Q S
attr(,"contrasts")
[,1]
P -0.5
Q -0.5
R 0.5
S 0.5
Levels: P Q R S
This matches the previous output except for the disappearance of columns 2 and
3. I thought that would be desirable.
When I now run the code, the estimate for BATCH did not change — however, its
SE (and the resulting t value) changed 10%.
I don’t understand how the
how.many
option in contrasts works. Can anyone offer an explanation?
Thanks in advance.
Dennis
Dennis Fisher MD
P < (The "P Less Than" Company)
Phone: 1-866-PLessThan (1-866-753-7784)
Fax: 1-866-PLessThan (1-866-753-7784)
www.PLessThan.com
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