Many thanks to John Fox and Charles C. Berry. Both point to the paper
by Hoenig and Heisey (email from John Fox below):
> Another paper critical of post-hoc power calculations is Hoenig and Heisey,
> 2001. "The Abuse of Power: The Pervasive Fallacy of Power Calculations for
> Data Analysis." The American Statistician, 55, 19-24. Hoenig and Heisey show
> that so-called "observed power" is simply a re-expression of the p-value.
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