On May 17, 2011, at 11:48 AM, LCOG1 wrote:
> Okay everyone heres a likely softball for someone.
>
> Consider the following data frame:
>
> #Create data
> x<-rep(c(1,15),10)
> y<-rnorm(20)
> z<-c(rep("auto",10),rep("bus",10))
> a<-rep(c(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5),2)
> #Create Data frame
> Df<-data.frame(Source=x,Rate=y,Bin=a,Type=z)
>
>
> I want to create a new column the equals the sum of the Rates for each type
> (1,15) by Bin.
>
> A related question: I have been using R for a while now and usually
> manipulate my data in data frames but i know lists are better for R so
> perhaps the above should be done using lists. Feel free to offer
> suggestions coming from that angle.
>
> Thanks guys
>
> JR-
See ?ave and consider:
# Presuming you want 'Bin' nested within 'Source'
Df$Sum <- ave(Df$Rate, list(Df$Source, Df$Bin), FUN = sum)
# Or 'Source' nested within 'Bin'
Df$Sum <- ave(Df$Rate, list(Df$Bin, Df$Source), FUN = sum)
On your follow up, a data frame is a type of list with a 'data.frame' class
attribute, a 'row.names' attribute and a 'names' attribute for the column
names. Much like a matrix is a vector with a 'dim' attribute.
Try this:
unclass(Df)
and see the output. It looks just like a list, because it is...
If dealing with 'rectangular' datasets (eg. a database table), where each
column may need to be of differing data types, a data frame in R is
specifically designed to handle it. It is because a data frame is a list, that
it can do this, since each element in a list can be a different type.
If you need to deal with a data structure that may not be entirely based upon a
rectangular data set and may need to contain various numbers of items per
element, then a list is the way to go. Lists are commonly used in R functions
to return complex objects that may contain vectors of various types, matrices,
data frames and even lists of lists.
A quick example would be objects returned by R's model functions. Run
example(lm) and after the graphs finish, use str(lm.D9) to give an example of
the structure of a somewhat complex list object.
HTH,
Marc Schwartz
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