On Wed, Dec 15, 2010 at 4:18 PM, Amelia Vettori
<amelia_vett...@yahoo.co.nz> wrote:
> Dear R-help forum members,
>
> Suppose I have a data-frame having two variables and single data for each of
> them, as described below.
>
> variable_1 variable_2
> 10 20
>
> I have written a function, say, 'fun' which uses input 10 and 20 and gives me
> desired result.
>
> fun = function(X, Y)
> {
> X + Y #( I am just giving an example of process. Actual
> process is
> quite different.)
> }
>
> result = fun(variable_1[1], variable_2[1]) # Thus, i should be getting
> answer 30 which I am storing in say 'ans1.csv'
>
> # ____________________________________________________________________
>
> # My problem
>
> Suppose instead of having above dataframe having single data for variable 1
> and variable 2, I have following data as
>
> variable_1 variable_2
>
> 10 20
> 40 30
> 3 11
>
> I need to run the function 'fun' for each pair of values taken by variable_1
> and variable_2 separately. Also, the results (= 30, 70 and 14) obtained for
> each of above pairs should be stored in different csv files, say "ans1.csv",
> "ans2.csv" and "ans3.csv" respectively which I can use for further analysis.
> (In reality each of these output files will consists of 1000 records).
>
> As I had mentioned in my earlier mail, I am new to R and I think I
> should be using apply or sapply or tapply etc., which I have tried but I am
> not able to proceed further as I am not able to understand it properly.
>
> It will be a great help to me if I receive the guidance w.r.t
>
> (a) how do I tackle above problem i.e. how do I apply the function to a table
> so that it will generate different csv files pertaining to pair of values "10
> and 20", "40 and 30" and "3 and 11";
>
Say you have the following data frame
> df
Var1 V2
1 10 20
2 40 30
3 3 11
> str(df)
'data.frame': 3 obs. of 2 variables:
$ Var1: num 10 40 3
$ V2 : num 20 30 11
Then
> apply(df, 1, sum) ##compute sum() for each row
1 2 3
30 70 14
> apply(df, 2, sum) ##compute sum() for each column
Var1 V2
53 61
> (b) I am not that sharp to understand the programming aspects of R taht
> easily, though I am really keen to learn R, so I will be highly obliged if
> someone helps me understand with some simple examples as to how "apply",
> "supply", "tapply", "mapply" etc can be used?
>
Only some examples that I understand well.
##apply function to each element of a list (data frames are lists)
##compute sum() for each column
> lapply(df, sum)
$Var1
[1] 53
$V2
[1] 61
##sapply() is a variation of lapply(); see the docs
> sapply(df, sum)
Var1 V2
53 61
##using the 'iris' data frame, for each Species level compute mean()
of the Sepal.Length column
> with(iris, tapply(Sepal.Length, Species, mean))
setosa versicolor virginica
5.006 5.936 6.588
##a friendlier interface is provided by by()
> with(iris, by(Sepal.Length, Species, mean))
Species: setosa
[1] 5.006
------------------------------------------------------------
Species: versicolor
[1] 5.936
------------------------------------------------------------
Species: virginica
[1] 6.588
##the same, now for four variables at the same time
> by(iris[1:4], iris$Species, mean)
iris$Species: setosa
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width
5.006 3.428 1.462 0.246
------------------------------------------------------------
iris$Species: versicolor
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width
5.936 2.770 4.260 1.326
------------------------------------------------------------
iris$Species: virginica
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width
6.588 2.974 5.552 2.026
For an example of mapply see this recent post:
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/calculating-mean-of-list-components-tp3088986p3089057.html
For more on vectorization, see sections 3 and 4 of the 'R inferno'
[1]. Also check 'Some Hints for the R Beginner' [2].
[1] http://www.burns-stat.com/pages/Tutor/R_inferno.pdf
[2] http://www.burns-stat.com/pages/Tutor/hints_R_begin.html
Regards
Liviu
> I am sure this will go a long way in helping the new learners like me to
> undesrtand the proper use of these wonderful commands.
>
> I hope I am able to put forward my problem properly.
>
> Thanking all in advance for the anticipated guidance
>
> Amelia
> Vettori, Auckland
>
>
>
>
>
>
> [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
>
>
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>
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