Hi Alex and Paolo, I hit an compiling error with "./configure --enable-rust" at this patch:
[69/124] Compiling Rust source ../rust/qemu-api/tests/tests.rs FAILED: rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration rustc -C linker=cc -C link-arg=-m64 --color=auto -C debug-assertions=yes -C overflow-checks=no --crate-type bin -D warnings --edition=2021 -C opt-level=2 -g -D unexpected_cfgs -A unknown_lints -D unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn --cfg MESON -C default-linker-libraries --crate-name rust_qemu_api_integration --emit dep-info=rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.d --emit link=rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration --out-dir rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p -C metadata=81e2432@@rust-qemu-api-integration@exe --test --extern qemu_api=rust/qemu-api/libqemu_api.rlib --extern qemu_api_macros=rust/qemu-api-macros/libqemu_api_macros.so -Clink-arg=-Wl,--whole-archive -Clink-arg=rust/qemu-api/librust_qemu_api_objs.a -Clink-arg=-Wl,--no-whole-archive -Clink-arg=-Wl,--whole-archive -Clink-arg=libqemuutil.a -Clink-arg=-Wl,--no-whole-archive -Clink-arg=subprojects/libvhost-user/libvhost-user-glib.a -Clink-arg=subprojects/libvhost-user/libvhost-user.a -Clink-arg=-lnuma -Clink-arg=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgio-2.0.so -Clink-arg=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgobject-2.0.so -Clink-arg=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglib-2.0.so -Clink-arg=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgmodule-2.0.so -Clink-arg=-pthread -Clink-arg=-pthread -Clink-arg=-pthread -Clink-arg=-pthread -Lrust/qemu-api -Lrust/qemu-api-macros -L. -Lsubprojects/libvhost-user -C 'link-arg=-Wl,-rpath,$ORIGIN/../qemu-api-macros:/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib' -C link-arg=-Wl,-rpath-link,/media/liuzhao/data/qemu-cook/build/rust/qemu-api-macros:/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib ../rust/qemu-api/tests/tests.rs error: linking with `cc` failed: exit status: 1 | = note: "cc" "-m64" "/tmp/rustcRWVJWs/symbols.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.0.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.1.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.10.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.11.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.12.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.13.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.14.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.2.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.3.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.4.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.5.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.6.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.7.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.8.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.rust_qemu_api_integration.e9408ebc-cgu.9.rcgu.o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration.p/rust_qemu_api_integration.29ovwebebub0plh7.rcgu.o" "-Wl,--as-needed" "-L" "rust/qemu-api" "-L" "rust/qemu-api-macros" "-L" "." "-L" "subprojects/libvhost-user" "-L" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib" "-Wl,-Bstatic" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libtest-50b9616eedb811b7.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libgetopts-754da76e30d40e26.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libunicode_width-abff7c50c58df25c.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/librustc_std_workspace_std-89f1a8c8e39f4a91.rlib" "/media/liuzhao/data/qemu-cook/build/rust/qemu-api/libqemu_api.rlib" "-Wl,--start-group" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libstd-8f1929c73c3f8167.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libpanic_unwind-e359d865975ccf21.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libobject-b886fd10c5a7c7c0.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libmemchr-9d7c322d48daa475.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libaddr2line-08ae1606a951cabe.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libgimli-682a81c4b2133b72.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/librustc_demangle-a73b3512c88de071.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libstd_detect-7b5ec4c918d9f957.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libhashbrown-65c63cf3af0af657.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libminiz_oxide-4a53f0a2785abc6a.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libadler-868e2d515c28d027.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/librustc_std_workspace_alloc-394ad2d73aede76a.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libunwind-19c77e4dc3dcb87e.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libcfg_if-fb44a42088c9369a.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/liblibc-61a7402e61a5b0e0.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/liballoc-63f8356c87a0d0e8.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/librustc_std_workspace_core-a506e577d917828c.rlib" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libcore-fc1fb63210fdafad.rlib" "-Wl,--end-group" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libcompiler_builtins-c21be34a5cae8449.rlib" "-Wl,-Bdynamic" "-lgcc_s" "-lutil" "-lrt" "-lpthread" "-lm" "-ldl" "-lc" "-Wl,--eh-frame-hdr" "-Wl,-znoexecstack" "-L" "/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib" "-o" "rust/qemu-api/rust-qemu-api-integration" "-Wl,--gc-sections" "-pie" "-Wl,-zrelro,-znow" "-Wl,-O1" "-m64" "-Wl,--whole-archive" "rust/qemu-api/librust_qemu_api_objs.a" "-Wl,--no-whole-archive" "-Wl,--whole-archive" "libqemuutil.a" "-Wl,--no-whole-archive" "subprojects/libvhost-user/libvhost-user-glib.a" "subprojects/libvhost-user/libvhost-user.a" "-lnuma" "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgio-2.0.so" "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgobject-2.0.so" "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglib-2.0.so" "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgmodule-2.0.so" "-pthread" "-pthread" "-pthread" "-pthread" "-Wl,-rpath,$ORIGIN/../qemu-api-macros:/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib" "-Wl,-rpath-link,/media/liuzhao/data/qemu-cook/build/rust/qemu-api-macros:/home/liuzhao/.rustup/toolchains/1.63.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib" = note: /usr/bin/ld: libqemuutil.a.p/stubs_monitor-fd.c.o: in function `monitor_get_fd': /media/liuzhao/data/qemu-cook/build/../stubs/monitor-fd.c:7: multiple definition of `monitor_get_fd'; libqemuutil.a.p/stubs_monitor-internal.c.o:/media/liuzhao/data/qemu-cook/build/../stubs/monitor-internal.c:6: first defined here collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status error: aborting due to previous error --- I tried to analyze the reasons as follows: * stubs/monitor-fd.c introduces the same monitor_get_fd() stub as the stubs/monitor-internal.c did. * rust-qemu-api-integration used the "link_whole" keyword instead of "link_with". Then the two duplicate monitor_get_fd() eventually meet in rust-qemu-api-integration. To fix this issue, dropping stubs/monitor-fd.c and only linking stubs/monitor-internal.c could work! (And I don't think of the reason to redefine monitor_get_fd() in another file.) In addition, could we change the "link_whole" to "link_with" when compile rust-qemu-api-integration? Thanks, Zhao