To raise a specific error, just find the error that you want to raise, then give the error a text string to print: ex.
raise IOError("This raises an IO error") On the stderr output, when the routine hits this line, you will get: >>> raise IOError("This raises an IOError") Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in ? IOError: This raises an IOError >>> Just be sure of the error that you want to raise, since some of them will do stuff like closing open file descriptors as well. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list