Adriaan Renting wrote:
> In my mind all Python variables are some kind of "named pointers",
Technically, they are key/value pairs in a dictionnary, the key being
the name and the value a reference to an object.
> I
> find that thinking this way helps me a lot in understanding what I'm
> doing. I know that this is not completely technically correct as in the
> first two examples there is actually a new a.i/a.arr created that
> shadows A.i, but thinking like this helps me. Are there fundamental
> flaws to think this way?
You have 3 things to keep in mind here:
1/ in Python, a class is an object to, and an instance keeps a reference
to it's class object.
2/ a name is first looked up in the object's dict, then in it's class dict.
3/ when assigning to a non-existent instance attribute (ie : a.i = 1),
you're in fact just adding a new key/value pair *in the object's dict*.
> Example:
>
>>>>class A:
>
> i = 0 ## Class A has a pointer named i pointing to (int 0 object)
> ## A.i -> (int 0 object)
class A's dict contains a 'i' key referencing an int(0) object
>>>>a = A() ## point a.i to the same thing A.i points to
>
> ## A.i -> (int 0 object)
> ## a.i -> (int 0 object)
Since 'i' is not in a's dict, 'i' is looked up in A's dict
>>>>b = A() ## point b.i to the same thing A.i points to
>
> ## A.i -> (int 0 object)
> ## a.i -> (int 0 object)
> ## b.i -> (int 0 object)
idem
>>>>a.i = 1 ## point a.i to a new (int object)
>
> ## A.i -> (int 0 object)
> ## b.i -> (int 0 object)
> ## a.i -> (int 1 object)
>
A new 'i' key is added to a's dict, with a reference to a int(1) object
as value
(etc, snip...)
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bruno desthuilliers
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