On 05 Sep 2005 12:58:00 -0700, Paul Rubin <http://[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Steve Holden <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
>> Given that Python has a 1's-complement operator already I don;t see
>> why you can't just leave Python alone and use it,
>
>What's the meaning of the 1's complement operator (for example, what
>is ~1), when ints and longs are the same?
assert ~x == -1-x # or -1^x
The only problem is seeing the result printed, since people insist
that hex(a) will be '-'[:a<0]+hex(abs(a))
which brings up base-complement representation for signed numbers,
where the first digit is always 0 or base-1 to indicate positive and negative:
(BTW, I found a bug when I dug this up from my disk, so a previous post with
this
might have that bug (bad leading digit check wasn't sign-sensitive))
>>> def basecompl(x, B=10, digits='0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'):
... if not (2 <= B <= len(digits)): raise ValueError('bad base = %r'%B)
... if not x: return digits[0]
... s = []
... while x and x != -1:
... x, r = divmod(x, B)
... s.append(digits[r])
... if not s or s[-1] != (digits[0], digits[B-1])[x<0]:
... s.append(digits[x<0 and B-1 or 0])
... return ''.join(s[::-1])
...
>>> def bcdecode(s, B=10, digits='0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'):
... if s == digits[0]: return 0
... acc = s[0].lower() == digits[B-1] and -B**len(s) or 0
... for i, c in enumerate(s[::-1]):
... acc += digits.index(c)*B**i
... return acc
...
>>> bc = basecompl # easier to type ;-)
>>> bc(~3L, 2)
'100'
>>> bc(-1-3L, 2)
'100'
>>> bc(-1^3L, 2)
'100'
>>> bc(~3L, 8)
'74'
>>> bc(-1-3L, 8)
'74'
>>> bc(-1^3L, 8)
'74'
>>> bc(~3L)
'96'
>>> bc(-1-3L)
'96'
>>> bc(-1^3L)
'96'
>>> bc(bcdecode(bc(~3L)))
'96'
>>> bc(bcdecode(bc(~3L, 2),2),2)
'100'
>>> bc(~3L, 16)
'fc'
>>> bc(-1-3L, 16)
'fc'
>>> bc(-1^3L, 16)
'fc'
>>> bc(3L)
'03'
Regards,
Bengt Richter
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