On Thu, 17 Mar 2016 10:14 am, Chris Angelico wrote: > On Thu, Mar 17, 2016 at 5:31 AM, Antoon Pardon > <antoon.par...@rece.vub.ac.be> wrote: >> It can be yes. Look at decorators. They don't provide functionality >> we wouldn't have without them. > > Really? Okay, try implementing this without decorators: [...] > @monkeypatch > class Foo: [...]
I think Antoon is referring to decorator *syntax*, not the concept of decorators in general. Decorator syntax is just syntactic sugar for: class Foo: ... Foo = monkeypatch(Foo) which has been valid all the way back to Python 1.0. Given first class functions and types, plus closures, I can't imagine how you could fail to have decorators. Regardless of what monkeypatch actually does internally, it takes a class as argument, and returns a new or modified class. If you can create new classes on the fly, or modify them, then you can implement decorator functionality, but without the convenience of decorator syntax. Indeed, Python started providing built-in decorators (such as classmethod and staticmethod) as early as 2.2, but didn't gain the @ decorator syntax until 2.4 for functions: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0318/ and 2.6 for classes. The availability of a nice syntax to transform functions and classes has, as Bruce Eckel predicted, transformed the Python ecosystem, and decorators are now extensively used in libraries and frameworks: The reason I think decorators will have such a big impact is because this little bit of syntax sugar changes the way you think about programming. Indeed, it brings the idea of "applying code to other code" (i.e.: macros) into mainstream thinking by formalizing it as a language construct. http://www.artima.com/weblogs/viewpost.jsp?thread=240808 -- Steven -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list