I observe that python library primarily use exception for error handling rather than use error code.
In the article API Design Matters by Michi Henning Communications of the ACM Vol. 52 No. 5, Pages 46-56 10.1145/1506409.1506424 http://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2009/5/24646-api-design-matters/fulltext It says "Another popular design flaw—namely, throwing exceptions for expected outcomes—also causes inefficiencies because catching and handling exceptions is almost always slower than testing a return value." My observation is contradicted to the above statement by Henning. If my observation is wrong, please just ignore my question below. Otherwise, could some python expert explain to me why exception is widely used for error handling in python? Is it because the efficiency is not the primary goal of python? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list