as far as i understand things, the best model is: 1 - everything is an object 2 - everything is passed by reference 3 - some objects are immutable 4 - some (immutable?) objects are cached/reused by the system
andrew Torsten Mohr wrote: > Hi, > > how is the rule in Python, if i pass objects to a function, when is this > done by reference and when is it by value? > > def f1(a): > a = 7 > > b = 3 > f1(b) > print b > => 3 > > Integers are obviously passed by value, lists and dicts by reference. > > Is there a general rule? Some common formulation? > > > Thanks for any hints, > Torsten. > > -- > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list > > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
