paul j3 added the comment:

I added a print line to a 'windows' example from the documentation:

    from multiprocessing import Process
    print 'importing multiprocessing'
    def foo():
        print 'hello'
    p = Process(target=foo)
    p.start()

Run with Python 2.7.0 on linux I get

    importing multiprocessing
    hello

Run with same, but on Windows I get

    importing multiprocessing
    importing multiprocessing
    hello
    importing multiprocessing
    hello
    (recursively)

Now if I put the last part into an if:

    if __name__ == '__main__':
        p = Process(target=foo)
        p.start()

the Windows version no longer recurses, but I still get the double print 
message.

In linux the child process is created with `os.fork`, which makes a copy of the 
parent.  The script is only loaded and run once.

In windows, the child is created by issuing a new call to Python with the 
script.  The script is loaded and run by the child as well as the parent, hence 
the double print.

So any action that you don't want run when the child is created should be in 
the 'if __name__' block.

I can picture modifying the log_to_stderr function so that it checks the 
logger's 'handlers' list for one that already writes to stderr.  It should be 
easy to add to your own code.  But isn't it easier just to segregate all the 
'main' actions from the 'child' ones?

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Python tracker <rep...@bugs.python.org>
<http://bugs.python.org/issue12954>
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