Having read through more threads, I ran across an article that pointed out the permissions and ownership of config.ru needed to be owned by puppet:puppet. I changed this and now everything is working.
I'm royally annoyed, because nowhere in these logs (either via Puppet or Passenger) was this logged. Seems like a real no-brainer. Bug report. -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Puppet Users" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to puppet-users+unsubscr...@googlegroups.com. To post to this group, send email to puppet-users@googlegroups.com. Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/puppet-users. For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/groups/opt_out.