Dirk St?cker:
> Hello,
> 
> I'm lost and don't find any solution anymore, so I now need to ask.

If in doubt, turn off chroot. Some Linux distributions mistakenly
turn it on and make Postfix unnecessarily difficult to use.

        Wietse

http://www.postfix.org/DEBUG_README.html#no_chroot

TRY TURNING OFF CHROOT OPERATION IN MASTER.CF

A common mistake is to turn on chroot operation in the master.cf
file without going through all the necessary steps to set up a
chroot environment. This causes Postfix daemon processes to fail
due to all kinds of missing files.

The example below shows an SMTP server that is configured with
chroot turned off:

    /etc/postfix/master.cf:
        # =============================================================
        # service type  private unpriv  chroot  wakeup  maxproc command
        #               (yes)   (yes)   (yes)   (never) (100)
        # =============================================================
        smtp      inet  n       -       n       -       -       smtpd

Inspect master.cf for any processes that have chroot operation not
turned off. If you find any, save a copy of the master.cf file, and
edit the entries in question. After executing the command "postfix
reload", see if the problem has gone away.

If turning off chrooted operation made the problem go away, then
congratulations. Leaving Postfix running in this way is adequate
for most sites. If you prefer chrooted operation, see the Postfix
http://www.postfix.org/BASIC_CONFIGURATION_README.html file for
information about how to prepare Postfix for chrooted operation.

        Wietse

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