"John L. Clark" <j...@po.cwru.edu> writes:
> I posted this earlier, but I haven't seen it come through the mailing
> list, perhaps because of the attachment.  I have also posted the
> attachment at 
> <http://infinitesque.net/temp/union_performance_2009-04-21.postgresql.dump.gz>.

Ah.  The problem is that your view contains constants in the UNION arms:

CREATE VIEW uri_or_literal_object AS
    SELECT literalproperties.subject, literalproperties.subject_term, 
literalproperties.predicate, literalproperties.predicate_term, 
literalproperties.object, 'L'::character(1) AS object_term, 
literalproperties.context, literalproperties.context_term, 
literalproperties.data_type, literalproperties.language FROM literalproperties
UNION ALL
    SELECT relations.subject, relations.subject_term, relations.predicate, 
relations.predicate_term, relations.object, relations.object_term, 
relations.context, relations.context_term, NULL::bigint AS data_type, 
NULL::character varying(3) AS language FROM relations;

In 8.2 and 8.3, the planner is only smart enough to generate
inner-indexscan nestloop plans on UNIONs if all the elements of the
SELECT lists are simple variables (that is, table columns).
8.4 will be smarter about this.

                        regards, tom lane

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