Yulin PEI <ype...@connect.ust.hk> writes:
>     I found it could cause a crash when executing sql statement: `CREATE VIEW 
> v1(c1) AS (SELECT ('4' COLLATE "C")::INT FROM generate_series(1, 10)); ` in 
> postgres 13.2 release.

Nice catch.  I don't think the code in DefineVirtualRelation is wrong:
exprCollation shouldn't report any collation for an expression of a
non-collatable type.  Rather the problem is with an old kluge in
coerce_type(), which will push a type coercion underneath a CollateExpr
... without any mind for the possibility that the coercion result isn't
collatable.  So the right fix is more or less the attached.

                        regards, tom lane

diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_coerce.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_coerce.c
index d5310f27db..228ee8e7d6 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/parse_coerce.c
+++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_coerce.c
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ coerce_to_target_type(ParseState *pstate, Node *expr, Oid exprtype,
 	 * *must* know that to avoid possibly calling hide_coercion_node on
 	 * something that wasn't generated by coerce_type.  Note that if there are
 	 * multiple stacked CollateExprs, we just discard all but the topmost.
+	 * Also, if the target type isn't collatable, we discard the CollateExpr.
 	 */
 	origexpr = expr;
 	while (expr && IsA(expr, CollateExpr))
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ coerce_to_target_type(ParseState *pstate, Node *expr, Oid exprtype,
 								ccontext, cformat, location,
 								(result != expr && !IsA(result, Const)));
 
-	if (expr != origexpr)
+	if (expr != origexpr && type_is_collatable(targettype))
 	{
 		/* Reinstall top CollateExpr */
 		CollateExpr *coll = (CollateExpr *) origexpr;
@@ -384,7 +385,7 @@ coerce_type(ParseState *pstate, Node *node,
 		if (result)
 			return result;
 	}
-	if (IsA(node, CollateExpr))
+	if (IsA(node, CollateExpr) && type_is_collatable(targetTypeId))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * If we have a COLLATE clause, we have to push the coercion

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