On Fri, Apr 10, 2020 at 11:27:46AM +0900, Michael Paquier wrote:
> On Wed, Apr 08, 2020 at 11:56:53AM -0500, Justin Pryzby wrote:
> > I previously mailed separately about a few individual patches, some of which
> > have separate, ongoing discussion and aren't included here (incr sort, 
> > parallel
> > vacuum).
> 
> I have gone through your changes, and committed what looked like the
> most obvious mistakes in my view.  Please see below for more
> comments.

Thanks - rebased for cfbot and continued review.

>  required pages to remove both downlink and rightlink are already  locked.  
> That
> -evades potential right to left page locking order, which could deadlock with
> +avoid potential right to left page locking order, which could deadlock with
> Not sure which one is better, but the new change is grammatically
> incorrect.

Thanks for noticing

"Evades" usually means to act to avoid detection by the government.  Like tax
evasion.

>        <varname>auto_explain.log_settings</varname> controls whether 
> information
> -      about modified configuration options are printed when execution plan 
> is logged.
> -      Only options affecting query planning with value different from the 
> built-in
> +      about modified configuration options is printed when an execution plan 
> is logged.
> +      Only those options which affect query planning and whose value differs 
> from its built-in
> Depends on how you read the sentence, but here is seemt to me that 
> "statistics" is the correct subject, no?

Statistics ?

>      <literal>_tz</literal> suffix. These functions have been implemented to
> -    support comparison of date/time values that involves implicit
> +    support comparison of date/time values that involve implicit
> The subject is "comparison" here, no?

You're right.

-- 
Justin
>From e18b7dbdb3b75047540691929a7ef2b55c0b58e2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Pryzby <pryz...@telsasoft.com>
Date: Sun, 29 Mar 2020 19:51:32 -0500
Subject: [PATCH v2 01/12] doc: psql opclass/opfamily

commit b0b5e20cd8d1a58a8782d5dc806a5232db116e2f
Author: Alexander Korotkov <akorot...@postgresql.org>

ALSO, should we rename the "Purpose" column?  I see we have pg_amop.amoppurpose
so maybe it's fine ?
---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/psql-ref.sgml | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/psql-ref.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/psql-ref.sgml
index 0595d1c04b..cdd24fad98 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/psql-ref.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/psql-ref.sgml
@@ -1244,7 +1244,7 @@ testdb=&gt;
         (see <xref linkend="catalog-pg-opclass"/>).
         If <replaceable class="parameter">access-method-patttern</replaceable>
         is specified, only operator classes associated with access methods whose
-        names match pattern are listed.
+        names match the pattern are listed.
         If <replaceable class="parameter">input-type-pattern</replaceable>
         is specified, only operator classes associated with input types whose
         names match the pattern are listed.
@@ -1267,7 +1267,7 @@ testdb=&gt;
         (see <xref linkend="catalog-pg-opfamily"/>).
         If <replaceable class="parameter">access-method-patttern</replaceable>
         is specified, only operator families associated with access methods whose
-        names match pattern are listed.
+        names match the pattern are listed.
         If <replaceable class="parameter">input-type-pattern</replaceable>
         is specified, only operator families associated with input types whose
         names match the pattern are listed.
@@ -1291,7 +1291,7 @@ testdb=&gt;
         (<xref linkend="catalog-pg-amop"/>).
         If <replaceable class="parameter">access-method-patttern</replaceable>
         is specified, only members of operator families associated with access
-        methods whose names match pattern are listed.
+        methods whose names match the pattern are listed.
         If <replaceable class="parameter">input-type-pattern</replaceable>
         is specified, only members of operator families whose names match the
         pattern are listed.
@@ -1314,7 +1314,7 @@ testdb=&gt;
         (<xref linkend="catalog-pg-amproc"/>).
         If <replaceable class="parameter">access-method-patttern</replaceable>
         is specified, only members of operator families associated with access
-        methods whose names match pattern are listed.
+        methods whose names match the pattern are listed.
         If <replaceable class="parameter">input-type-pattern</replaceable>
         is specified, only members of operator families whose names match the
         pattern are listed.
-- 
2.17.0

>From 650c29ca5ce500337bd0ff7345f9cfcb60dd596a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Pryzby <pryz...@telsasoft.com>
Date: Sun, 29 Mar 2020 21:31:08 -0500
Subject: [PATCH v2 02/12] doc: percent encoding

commit e0ed6817c0ee218a3681920807404603e042ff04
Author: Michael Paquier <mich...@paquier.xyz>
---
 doc/src/sgml/libpq.sgml | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/libpq.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/libpq.sgml
index 75d2224a61..8b9af95c14 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/libpq.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/libpq.sgml
@@ -925,11 +925,11 @@ postgresql:///mydb?host=localhost&amp;port=5433
    </para>
 
    <para>
-    Connection <acronym>URI</acronym> needs to be encoded with 
+    A connection <acronym>URI</acronym> needs to be encoded with 
     <ulink url="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.1";>Percent-encoding</ulink> 
-    if it includes symbols with special meaning in any of its parts. 
-    Here is an example where equal sign (<literal>=</literal>) is replaced
-    with <literal>%3D</literal> and whitespace character with
+    if it includes symbols with special meanings in any of its parts. 
+    Here is an example where an equal sign (<literal>=</literal>) is replaced
+    with <literal>%3D</literal> and a whitespace character with
     <literal>%20</literal>:
 <programlisting>
 postgresql://user@localhost:5433/mydb?options=-c%20synchronous_commit%3Doff
-- 
2.17.0

>From acc729928b3e62b2958ec4686e3d2a6be09cbe3c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Pryzby <pryz...@telsasoft.com>
Date: Mon, 30 Mar 2020 19:43:22 -0500
Subject: [PATCH v2 03/12] docs: btree deduplication

commit 0d861bbb702f8aa05c2a4e3f1650e7e8df8c8c27
Author: Peter Geoghegan <p...@bowt.ie>
---
 doc/src/sgml/btree.sgml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/btree.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/btree.sgml
index e9cab4a55d..ff1e49e509 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/btree.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/btree.sgml
@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ equalimage(<replaceable>opcintype</replaceable> <type>oid</type>) returns bool
   </para>
   <para>
    Deduplication works by periodically merging groups of duplicate
-   tuples together, forming a single posting list tuple for each
+   tuples together, forming a single <firstterm>posting list</firstterm> tuple for each
    group.  The column key value(s) only appear once in this
    representation.  This is followed by a sorted array of
    <acronym>TID</acronym>s that point to rows in the table.  This
-- 
2.17.0

>From 18a26eb43ce2667e60e4d8f342f1ec5f7c142b9f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Pryzby <pryz...@telsasoft.com>
Date: Sun, 29 Mar 2020 21:22:43 -0500
Subject: [PATCH v2 04/12] doc: pg_stat_progress_basebackup

commit e65497df8f85ab9b9084c928ff69f384ea729b24
Author: Fujii Masao <fu...@postgresql.org>
---
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index c50b72137f..3ad1fd7005 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -4483,7 +4483,7 @@ SELECT pg_stat_get_backend_pid(s.backendid) AS pid,
    is taking a base backup, the
    <structname>pg_stat_progress_basebackup</structname>
    view will contain a row for each WAL sender process that is currently
-   running <command>BASE_BACKUP</command> replication command
+   running the <command>BASE_BACKUP</command> replication command
    and streaming the backup. The tables below describe the information
    that will be reported and provide information about how to interpret it.
   </para>
@@ -4577,8 +4577,8 @@ SELECT pg_stat_get_backend_pid(s.backendid) AS pid,
       <entry><literal>waiting for checkpoint to finish</literal></entry>
       <entry>
        The WAL sender process is currently performing
-       <function>pg_start_backup</function> to set up for
-       taking a base backup, and waiting for backup start
+       <function>pg_start_backup</function> to prepare to
+       take a base backup, and waiting for the start-of-backup
        checkpoint to finish.
       </entry>
      </row>
-- 
2.17.0

>From 151322043518a2b493cfafc6eafee9cb4c9f4e29 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Pryzby <pryz...@telsasoft.com>
Date: Fri, 3 Apr 2020 16:17:28 -0500
Subject: [PATCH v2 05/12] docs: backup manifests

commit 0d8c9c1210c44b36ec2efcb223a1dfbe897a3661
Author: Robert Haas <rh...@postgresql.org>
---
 doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml              | 4 ++--
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml     | 4 ++--
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_validatebackup.sgml | 8 ++++----
 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml
index 536de9a698..d84afb7b18 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml
@@ -2586,7 +2586,7 @@ The commands accepted in replication mode are:
           and sent along with the backup.  The manifest is a list of every
           file present in the backup with the exception of any WAL files that
           may be included. It also stores the size, last modification time, and
-          an optional checksum for each file.
+          optionally a checksum for each file.
           A value of <literal>force-escape</literal> forces all filenames
           to be hex-encoded; otherwise, this type of encoding is performed only
           for files whose names are non-UTF8 octet sequences.
@@ -2602,7 +2602,7 @@ The commands accepted in replication mode are:
         <term><literal>MANIFEST_CHECKSUMS</literal></term>
         <listitem>
          <para>
-          Specifies the algorithm that should be applied to each file included
+          Specifies the checksum algorithm that should be applied to each file included
           in the backup manifest. Currently, the available
           algorithms are <literal>NONE</literal>, <literal>CRC32C</literal>,
           <literal>SHA224</literal>, <literal>SHA256</literal>,
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml
index d9c981cebb..16fa29f293 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml
@@ -604,7 +604,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
         not contain any checksums. Otherwise, it will contain a checksum
         of each file in the backup using the specified algorithm. In addition,
         the manifest will always contain a <literal>SHA256</literal>
-        checksum of its own contents. The <literal>SHA</literal> algorithms
+        checksum of its own content. The <literal>SHA</literal> algorithms
         are significantly more CPU-intensive than <literal>CRC32C</literal>,
         so selecting one of them may increase the time required to complete
         the backup.
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
         of each file for users who wish to verify that the backup has not been
         tampered with, while the CRC32C algorithm provides a checksum which is
         much faster to calculate and good at catching errors due to accidental
-        changes but is not resistant to targeted modifications.  Note that, to
+        changes but is not resistant to malicious modifications.  Note that, to
         be useful against an adversary who has access to the backup, the backup
         manifest would need to be stored securely elsewhere or otherwise
         verified not to have been modified since the backup was taken.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_validatebackup.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_validatebackup.sgml
index 5c626200f6..8dccd9eba4 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_validatebackup.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_validatebackup.sgml
@@ -42,11 +42,11 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
 
   <para>
    It is important to note that the validation which is performed by
-   <application>pg_validatebackup</application> does not and can not include
+   <application>pg_validatebackup</application> does not and cannot include
    every check which will be performed by a running server when attempting
    to make use of the backup. Even if you use this tool, you should still
    perform test restores and verify that the resulting databases work as
-   expected and that they appear to contain the correct data. However,
+   expected and that they contain the correct data. However,
    <application>pg_validatebackup</application> can detect many problems
    that commonly occur due to storage problems or user error.
   </para>
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
    for any files for which the computed checksum does not match the
    checksum stored in the manifest. This step is not performed for any files
    which produced errors in the previous step, since they are already known
-   to have problems. Also, files which were ignored in the previous step are
+   to have problems. Files which were ignored in the previous step are
    also ignored in this step.
   </para>
 
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
   <title>Options</title>
 
    <para>
-    The following command-line options control the behavior.
+    The following command-line options control the behavior of this program.
 
     <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
-- 
2.17.0

>From e13cbe0fe82c2d5d518730c25665d9e813cbe194 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Pryzby <pryz...@telsasoft.com>
Date: Sun, 5 Apr 2020 22:35:09 -0500
Subject: [PATCH v2 06/12] Fix docs: "time of the"

commit 9e257a181cc1dc5e19eb5d770ce09cc98f470f5f
Author: Andrew Dunstan <and...@dunslane.net>
Date:   Sun Mar 24 11:27:20 2013 -0400

    Add parallel pg_dump option.

commit 5ab892c391c6bc54a00e7a8de5cab077cabace6a
Author: Michael Paquier <mich...@paquier.xyz>
Date:   Sat Jul 27 22:21:18 2019 +0900

    Add support for --jobs in reindexdb

commit a17923204736d8842eade3517d6a8ee81290fca4
Author: Alvaro Herrera <alvhe...@alvh.no-ip.org>
Date:   Fri Jan 23 15:02:45 2015 -0300

    vacuumdb: enable parallel mode
---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_dump.sgml   | 2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/ref/reindexdb.sgml | 4 ++--
 doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuumdb.sgml  | 4 ++--
 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_dump.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_dump.sgml
index a9bc397165..d58cd05f46 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_dump.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_dump.sgml
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
       <listitem>
        <para>
         Run the dump in parallel by dumping <replaceable class="parameter">njobs</replaceable>
-        tables simultaneously. This option reduces the time of the dump but it also
+        tables simultaneously. This option reduces the duration of the dump but it also
         increases the load on the database server. You can only use this option with the
         directory output format because this is the only output format where multiple processes
         can write their data at the same time.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/reindexdb.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/reindexdb.sgml
index f6c3d9538b..4388d1329c 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/reindexdb.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/reindexdb.sgml
@@ -173,8 +173,8 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
        <para>
         Execute the reindex commands in parallel by running
         <replaceable class="parameter">njobs</replaceable>
-        commands simultaneously.  This option reduces the time of the
-        processing but it also increases the load on the database server.
+        commands simultaneously.  This option reduces the processing time
+        but it also increases the load on the database server.
        </para>
        <para>
         <application>reindexdb</application> will open
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuumdb.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuumdb.sgml
index fd1dc140ab..93a3eed813 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuumdb.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuumdb.sgml
@@ -155,8 +155,8 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
        <para>
         Execute the vacuum or analyze commands in parallel by running
         <replaceable class="parameter">njobs</replaceable>
-        commands simultaneously.  This option reduces the time of the
-        processing but it also increases the load on the database server.
+        commands simultaneously.  This option reduces the processing
+        duration but it also increases the load on the database server.
        </para>
        <para>
         <application>vacuumdb</application> will open
-- 
2.17.0

>From c4f8e158c567402149d8b4aefd22dd6e96cd1186 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Pryzby <pryz...@telsasoft.com>
Date: Sun, 5 Apr 2020 22:55:46 -0500
Subject: [PATCH v2 07/12] docs: Add wait events for recovery conflicts.

commit 18808f8c893d4f425f2d21b2a1ffc8e51f1bd0ba
Author: Fujii Masao <fu...@postgresql.org>
---
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index 3ad1fd7005..1a7b56b120 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -1484,11 +1484,11 @@ postgres   27093  0.0  0.0  30096  2752 ?        Ss   11:34   0:00 postgres: ser
         </row>
         <row>
          <entry><literal>RecoveryConflictSnapshot</literal></entry>
-         <entry>Waiting for recovery conflict resolution on a vacuum cleanup.</entry>
+         <entry>Waiting for recovery conflict resolution during vacuum cleanup.</entry>
         </row>
         <row>
          <entry><literal>RecoveryConflictTablespace</literal></entry>
-         <entry>Waiting for recovery conflict resolution on dropping tablespace.</entry>
+         <entry>Waiting for recovery conflict resolution while dropping tablespace.</entry>
         </row>
         <row>
          <entry><literal>RecoveryPause</literal></entry>
-- 
2.17.0

>From 937965735de236a526701165262540011895dce1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Pryzby <pryz...@telsasoft.com>
Date: Tue, 7 Apr 2020 19:56:56 -0500
Subject: [PATCH v2 08/12] doc: Allow users to limit storage reserved by
 replication slots

commit c6550776394e25c1620bc8258427c8f1d448080d
Author: Alvaro Herrera <alvhe...@alvh.no-ip.org>
---
 doc/src/sgml/config.sgml | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
index a71ca62463..62324f7280 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
@@ -3790,9 +3790,9 @@ restore_command = 'copy "C:\\server\\archivedir\\%f" "%p"'  # Windows
         slots</link> are allowed to retain in the <filename>pg_wal</filename>
         directory at checkpoint time.
         If <varname>max_slot_wal_keep_size</varname> is -1 (the default),
-        replication slots retain unlimited amount of WAL files.  If
-        restart_lsn of a replication slot gets behind more than that megabytes
-        from the current LSN, the standby using the slot may no longer be able
+        replication slots retain unlimited amount of WAL files.  Otherwise, if
+        restart_lsn of a replication slot falls behind the current LSN by more
+        than the specified size, the standby using the slot may no longer be able
         to continue replication due to removal of required WAL files. You
         can see the WAL availability of replication slots
         in <link linkend="view-pg-replication-slots">pg_replication_slots</link>.
-- 
2.17.0

>From c9915c0a5475b9cb64687f038af238c62465ba6b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Pryzby <pryz...@telsasoft.com>
Date: Mon, 6 Apr 2020 17:16:07 -0500
Subject: [PATCH v2 09/12] docs: s/evade/avoid/

---
 src/backend/access/gin/README         | 2 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/access/gin/README b/src/backend/access/gin/README
index 125a82219b..41d4e1e8a0 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/gin/README
+++ b/src/backend/access/gin/README
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ leftmost leaf of the tree.
 Deletion algorithm keeps exclusive locks on left siblings of pages comprising
 currently investigated path.  Thus, if current page is to be removed, all
 required pages to remove both downlink and rightlink are already locked.  That
-evades potential right to left page locking order, which could deadlock with
+avoids potential right to left page locking order, which could deadlock with
 concurrent stepping right.
 
 A search concurrent to page deletion might already have read a pointer to the
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c
index bc063061cf..0faa66551f 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
  * executeItemOptUnwrapTarget() function have 'unwrap' argument, which indicates
  * whether unwrapping of array is needed.  When unwrap == true, each of array
  * members is passed to executeItemOptUnwrapTarget() again but with unwrap == false
- * in order to evade subsequent array unwrapping.
+ * in order to avoid subsequent array unwrapping.
  *
  * All boolean expressions (predicates) are evaluated by executeBoolItem()
  * function, which returns tri-state JsonPathBool.  When error is occurred
-- 
2.17.0

>From 054ddb66d92817d2268da7a82c1ddf7ab9e6ae4a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Pryzby <pryz...@telsasoft.com>
Date: Wed, 26 Feb 2020 12:33:32 -0600
Subject: [PATCH v2 10/12] doc(2014): pg_basebackup: Add support for relocating
 tablespaces

commit fb05f3ce83d225dd0f39f8860ce04082753e9e98
Author: Peter Eisentraut <pete...@gmx.net>
---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml
index 16fa29f293..922688e227 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml
@@ -808,7 +808,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
   </para>
 
   <para>
-   Tablespaces will in plain format by default be backed up to the same path
+   In plain format, tablespaces will by default be backed up to the same path
    they have on the server, unless the
    option <literal>--tablespace-mapping</literal> is used.  Without
    this option, running a plain format base backup on the same host as the
-- 
2.17.0

>From f3bbc7e29a44b99b14e440ec183a156296e96d91 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Pryzby <pryz...@telsasoft.com>
Date: Tue, 9 Jul 2019 10:42:26 -0500
Subject: [PATCH v2 11/12] Say it more naturally

Originally submitted here and never integrated.
https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/20190427025647.GD3925%40telsasoft.com#e1731c33455145eadc1158042cc411f9

Should backpatch to v12
---
 doc/src/sgml/config.sgml          | 2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml             | 2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/libpq.sgml           | 2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml      | 6 +++---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml | 2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_rewind.sgml   | 4 ++--
 doc/src/sgml/ref/reindex.sgml     | 2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/runtime.sgml         | 2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/sources.sgml         | 4 ++--
 9 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
index 62324f7280..1237a88b02 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
@@ -3667,7 +3667,7 @@ restore_command = 'copy "C:\\server\\archivedir\\%f" "%p"'  # Windows
         servers or streaming base backup clients (i.e., the maximum number of
         simultaneously running WAL sender processes). The default is
         <literal>10</literal>.  The value <literal>0</literal> means
-        replication is disabled.  Abrupt streaming client disconnection might
+        replication is disabled.  Abrupt disconnection of a streaming client might
         leave an orphaned connection slot behind until a timeout is reached,
         so this parameter should be set slightly higher than the maximum
         number of expected clients so disconnected clients can immediately
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml
index ab27645319..f61d366d1d 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ddl.sgml
@@ -3959,7 +3959,7 @@ ALTER TABLE measurement ATTACH PARTITION measurement_y2008m02
      Before running the <command>ATTACH PARTITION</command> command, it is
      recommended to create a <literal>CHECK</literal> constraint on the table to
      be attached matching the desired partition constraint. That way,
-     the system will be able to skip the scan to validate the implicit
+     the system will be able to skip the scan which is otherwise needed to validate the implicit
      partition constraint. Without the <literal>CHECK</literal> constraint,
      the table will be scanned to validate the partition constraint while
      holding an <literal>ACCESS EXCLUSIVE</literal> lock on that partition
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/libpq.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/libpq.sgml
index 8b9af95c14..b9c789eb6f 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/libpq.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/libpq.sgml
@@ -1223,7 +1223,7 @@ postgresql://%2Fvar%2Flib%2Fpostgresql/dbname
       <term><literal>connect_timeout</literal></term>
       <listitem>
       <para>
-       Maximum wait for connection, in seconds (write as a decimal integer,
+       Maximum time to wait while connecting, in seconds (write as a decimal integer,
        e.g. <literal>10</literal>).  Zero, negative, or not specified means
        wait indefinitely.  The minimum allowed timeout is 2 seconds, therefore
        a value of <literal>1</literal> is interpreted as <literal>2</literal>.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index 1a7b56b120..52264853eb 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -2596,14 +2596,14 @@ SELECT pid, wait_event_type, wait_event FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE wait_event i
     <row>
      <entry><structfield>datname</structfield></entry>
      <entry><type>name</type></entry>
-     <entry>Name of this database, or <literal>NULL</literal> for the shared
+     <entry>Name of this database, or <literal>NULL</literal> for shared
      objects.</entry>
     </row>
     <row>
      <entry><structfield>numbackends</structfield></entry>
      <entry><type>integer</type></entry>
      <entry>Number of backends currently connected to this database, or
-     <literal>NULL</literal> for the shared objects.  This is the only column
+     <literal>NULL</literal> for shared objects.  This is the only column
      in this view that returns a value reflecting current state; all other
      columns return the accumulated values since the last reset.</entry>
     </row>
@@ -2725,7 +2725,7 @@ SELECT pid, wait_event_type, wait_event FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE wait_event i
 
   <para>
    The <structname>pg_stat_database</structname> view will contain one row
-   for each database in the cluster, plus one for the shared objects, showing
+   for each database in the cluster, plus one for shared objects, showing
    database-wide statistics.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml
index e486196477..fe0f077d1f 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM
       When applied to a partitioned table, nothing is moved, but any
       partitions created afterwards with
       <command>CREATE TABLE PARTITION OF</command> will use that tablespace,
-      unless the <literal>TABLESPACE</literal> clause is used to override it.
+      unless overridden by its <literal>TABLESPACE</literal> clause.
      </para>
 
      <para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_rewind.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_rewind.sgml
index 07c49e4719..acdefe58b8 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_rewind.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_rewind.sgml
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
         <command>pg_rewind</command> to return without waiting, which is
         faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave
         the synchronized data directory corrupt.  Generally, this option is
-        useful for testing but should not be used when creating a production
+        useful for testing but should not be used on a production
         installation.
        </para>
       </listitem>
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ GRANT EXECUTE ON function pg_catalog.pg_read_binary_file(text, bigint, bigint, b
   <para>
    When executing <application>pg_rewind</application> using an online
    cluster as source which has been recently promoted, it is necessary
-   to execute a <command>CHECKPOINT</command> after promotion so as its
+   to execute a <command>CHECKPOINT</command> after promotion such that its
    control file reflects up-to-date timeline information, which is used by
    <application>pg_rewind</application> to check if the target cluster
    can be rewound using the designated source cluster.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/reindex.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/reindex.sgml
index c54a7c420d..bde5eca164 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/reindex.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/reindex.sgml
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ REINDEX [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">option</replaceable> [, ...] ) ] { IN
   <para>
    Reindexing a single index or table requires being the owner of that
    index or table.  Reindexing a schema or database requires being the
-   owner of that schema or database.  Note that is therefore sometimes
+   owner of that schema or database.  Note specifically that it's
    possible for non-superusers to rebuild indexes of tables owned by
    other users.  However, as a special exception, when
    <command>REINDEX DATABASE</command>, <command>REINDEX SCHEMA</command>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/runtime.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/runtime.sgml
index a34d31d297..3f90c15f3e 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/runtime.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/runtime.sgml
@@ -2643,7 +2643,7 @@ openssl x509 -req -in server.csr -text -days 365 \
    <para>
     The <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> server will listen for both
     normal and <acronym>GSSAPI</acronym>-encrypted connections on the same TCP
-    port, and will negotiate with any connecting client on whether to
+    port, and will negotiate with any connecting client whether to
     use <acronym>GSSAPI</acronym> for encryption (and for authentication).  By
     default, this decision is up to the client (which means it can be
     downgraded by an attacker); see <xref linkend="auth-pg-hba-conf"/> about
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/sources.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/sources.sgml
index 283c3e0357..25f79d2a1f 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/sources.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/sources.sgml
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ ereport(ERROR,
      specify suppression of the <literal>CONTEXT:</literal> portion of a message in
      the postmaster log.  This should only be used for verbose debugging
      messages where the repeated inclusion of context would bloat the log
-     volume too much.
+     too much.
     </para>
    </listitem>
   </itemizedlist>
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ Hint:       the addendum
    <title>Use of Quotes</title>
 
    <para>
-    Use quotes always to delimit file names, user-supplied identifiers, and
+    Always use quotes to delimit file names, user-supplied identifiers, and
     other variables that might contain words.  Do not use them to mark up
     variables that will not contain words (for example, operator names).
    </para>
-- 
2.17.0

>From cba309e855aadb4ef16b3cc48bfe32c19d5d1c68 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Justin Pryzby <pryz...@telsasoft.com>
Date: Thu, 4 Apr 2019 18:57:48 -0500
Subject: [PATCH v2 12/12] is vs are plural

Should backpatch to v12
---
 doc/src/sgml/auto-explain.sgml    | 6 +++---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml | 2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/sources.sgml         | 4 ++--
 3 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/auto-explain.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/auto-explain.sgml
index d4d29c4a64..de2be61bff 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/auto-explain.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/auto-explain.sgml
@@ -200,9 +200,9 @@ LOAD 'auto_explain';
     <listitem>
      <para>
       <varname>auto_explain.log_settings</varname> controls whether information
-      about modified configuration options are printed when execution plan is logged.
-      Only options affecting query planning with value different from the built-in
-      default value are included in the output.  This parameter is off by default.
+      about modified configuration options is printed when an execution plan is logged.
+      Only those options which affect query planning and whose value differs from their
+      built-in default are included in the output.  This parameter is off by default.
       Only superusers can change this setting.
      </para>
     </listitem>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml
index fe0f077d1f..0beb08a5a2 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml
@@ -884,7 +884,7 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM
       from the parent table will be created in the partition, if they don't
       already exist.
       If any of the <literal>CHECK</literal> constraints of the table being
-      attached is marked <literal>NO INHERIT</literal>, the command will fail;
+      attached are marked <literal>NO INHERIT</literal>, the command will fail;
       such constraints must be recreated without the
       <literal>NO INHERIT</literal> clause.
      </para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/sources.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/sources.sgml
index 25f79d2a1f..5a8dbcb4d3 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/sources.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/sources.sgml
@@ -466,8 +466,8 @@ Hint:       the addendum
     enough for error messages.  Detail and hint messages can be relegated to a
     verbose mode, or perhaps a pop-up error-details window.  Also, details and
     hints would normally be suppressed from the server log to save
-    space. Reference to implementation details is best avoided since users
-    aren't expected to know the details.
+    space. References to implementation details are best avoided since users
+    aren't expected to know them.
    </para>
 
   </simplesect>
-- 
2.17.0

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