I hit this assertion while pg_restoring data into a v16 instance.
postgresql16-server-16-alpha_20230417_PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
wal_level=minimal and pg_dump --single-transaction both seem to be
required to hit the issue.
$ /usr/pgsql-16/bin/postgres -D ./pg16test -c maintenance_work_mem=1GB -c
max_wal_size=16GB -c wal_level=minimal -c max_wal_senders=0 -c port=5678 -c
logging_collector=no &
$ time sudo -u postgres /usr/pgsql-16/bin/pg_restore -d postgres -p 5678
--single-transaction --no-tablespace ./curtables
TRAP: failed Assert("size > SizeOfXLogRecord"), File: "xlog.c", Line: 1055,
PID: 13564
Core was generated by `postgres: postgres postgres [local] COMMIT
'.
Program terminated with signal 6, Aborted.
#0 0x00007f28b8bd5387 in raise () from /lib64/libc.so.6
Missing separate debuginfos, use: debuginfo-install
postgresql16-server-16-alpha_20230417_PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
(gdb) bt
#0 0x00007f28b8bd5387 in raise () from /lib64/libc.so.6
#1 0x00007f28b8bd6a78 in abort () from /lib64/libc.so.6
#2 0x00000000009bc8c9 in ExceptionalCondition
(conditionName=conditionName@entry=0xa373e1 "size > SizeOfXLogRecord",
fileName=fileName@entry=0xa31b13 "xlog.c", lineNumber=lineNumber@entry=1055) at
assert.c:66
#3 0x000000000057b049 in ReserveXLogInsertLocation (PrevPtr=0x2e3d750,
EndPos=<synthetic pointer>, StartPos=<synthetic pointer>, size=24) at
xlog.c:1055
#4 XLogInsertRecord (rdata=rdata@entry=0xf187a0 <hdr_rdt>,
fpw_lsn=fpw_lsn@entry=0, flags=<optimized out>, num_fpi=num_fpi@entry=0,
topxid_included=topxid_included@entry=false) at xlog.c:844
#5 0x000000000058210c in XLogInsert (rmid=rmid@entry=0 '\000',
info=info@entry=176 '\260') at xloginsert.c:510
#6 0x0000000000582b09 in log_newpage_range (rel=rel@entry=0x2e1f628,
forknum=forknum@entry=FSM_FORKNUM, startblk=startblk@entry=0,
endblk=endblk@entry=3, page_std=page_std@entry=false) at xloginsert.c:1317
#7 0x00000000005d02f9 in smgrDoPendingSyncs (isCommit=isCommit@entry=true,
isParallelWorker=isParallelWorker@entry=false) at storage.c:837
#8 0x0000000000571637 in CommitTransaction () at xact.c:2225
#9 0x0000000000572b25 in CommitTransactionCommand () at xact.c:3201
#10 0x000000000086afc7 in finish_xact_command () at postgres.c:2782
#11 0x000000000086d7e1 in exec_simple_query (query_string=0x2dec4f8 "COMMIT")
at postgres.c:1307
